Unit 5 A fine balance 单元写作专项训练 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“生态平衡”为主题，构建“词汇-句型-方法-训练”四维写作体系，系统培养语言组织与逻辑表达能力，融合语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |写作素材库|3类词汇/2类搭配/4类功能表达|主题词汇分类记忆，功能表达场景化运用|从基础词汇到功能句型，构建“词-句-意”表达链| |黄金句型库|3类15个核心句型|开头引入、主体论证、结尾升华的句型模板|按写作结构需求，形成“引入-展开-总结”逻辑闭环| |高分写作方法|5步写作流程|审题定位→结构搭建→内容丰富→语言提升→检查修改|遵循“任务分析-框架构建-细节填充-语言优化”写作逻辑| |阶梯训练|3级句子训练/2篇篇章训练|句子升级（基础→高级）、篇章结构仿写|从单句翻译到篇章创作，实现“基础表达-逻辑构建-综合应用”能力进阶|

Unit 5 A Fine Balance 单元写作专项训练 一、单元核心信息 二、写作素材库 1. 主题词汇 生态系统相关词汇 ecosystem 生态系统 species 物种 population 种群；人口 habitat 栖息地 environment 环境 nature 自然 wildlife 野生动物 plant 植物 animal 动物 forest 森林 rainforest 雨林 ocean 海洋 balance 平衡 survival 生存 biodiversity 生物多样性 环境问题相关词汇 pollution 污染 climate change 气候变化 global warming 全球变暖 overfishing 过度捕捞 deforestation 森林砍伐 logging 伐木 endangered 濒危的 extinction 灭绝 threat 威胁 harm 损害 damage 破坏 waste 废弃物 smog 烟雾 greenhouse gas 温室气体 保护行动相关词汇 protection 保护 conserve 保护；保存 preserve 保护；保存 restore 恢复 recycle 回收利用 reduce 减少 reuse 再利用 reserve 保护区 national park 国家公园 research centre 研究中心 education 教育 awareness 意识 effort 努力 achievement 成就 success 成功 描述变化趋势的词汇 increase 增加 decrease 减少 grow 增长 drop 下降 rise 上升 fall 下降 double 翻倍 remain 保持 2. 高频搭配 increase in number 数量增加 care less for nature 不那么关心自然 get along with nature 与自然和谐相处 permit nature to have her way 顺其自然 be troubled by 被……困扰 hide behind 隐藏在……后面 appear again 再次出现 give people a chance 给人们机会 leave marks on the earth 在地球上留下痕迹 start over 重新开始 suffer from 遭受 benefit from 从……中受益 set up 建立 play an important role 起重要作用 return ... to 把……归还给 provide ... with 为……提供 3. 写作功能表达 介绍保护对象与生态环境 ... is an ecosystem that is important to us all. ……是一个对我们所有人都很重要的生态系统。 You can find this ecosystem in ... 你可以在……找到这个生态系统。 It includes living and non-living things. 它包括生物和非生物。 描述问题与原因 ... is / are suffering from ... ……正遭受着…… Pollution is also a big problem for ... 污染对……来说也是个大问题。 ... are disappearing because of ... ……因为……正在消失。 The problem is caused by ... 这个问题是由……引起的。 描述保护行动与成果 ... has / have played an important role in ... ……在……中发挥了重要作用。 People have taken action to ... 人们已经采取行动去…… ... is / are undoubtedly helpful to ... ……无疑对……是有帮助的。 ... has / have grown / increased in population. ……的数量已经增长/增加了。 This provides hope for ... 这为……提供了希望。 三、黄金句型库 1. 开头句型 Today I’m going to talk about ... an ecosystem that is important to us all. 今天我要谈谈……一个对我们所有人都很重要的生态系统。 We want to show the wonder and importance of ... 我们想展示……的奇妙和重要性。 ... is a Chinese national treasure and has become popular around the world. ……是中国的国宝，已经享誉世界。 Let me introduce an ecosystem that is facing serious problems. 让我介绍一个面临严重问题的生态系统。 2. 主体句型 It is no surprise that animals would soon increase in number. 动物数量很快会增加，这并不令人惊讶。 Without humans, the noise would drop greatly as traffic stops. 没有了人类，随着交通停止，噪音会大大降低。 Ecosystems would start to balance again. 生态系统将再次开始平衡。 The rapid development of human society has made us care less for nature. 人类社会的快速发展让我们不那么关心自然。 We need to think more about how we get along with nature. 我们需要更多地思考如何与自然和谐相处。 The panda was chosen because it is an animal that is beautiful and endangered. 熊猫被选中是因为它是一种美丽而濒危的动物。 3. 结尾句型 We can’t wait till imagination becomes reality. The world isn’t a game. We can’t cancel it and start over. 我们不能等到想象变成现实。世界不是游戏。我们不能取消它重新开始。 Let us permit nature to have her way. 让我们顺其自然。 Protecting pandas is undoubtedly helpful to the survival of a whole ecosystem. 保护熊猫无疑有助于整个生态系统的生存。 There is no time to waste. We must act NOW！ 没有时间可以浪费了。我们必须现在就行动！ 四、高分写作方法 Step 1 审题定位 明确写作任务为“写一份关于人们维护生态系统平衡努力的调查报告”。写作内容应包括保护对象及其生态环境（物种特点、栖息地）、面临的问题及原因（环境破坏、污染、气候变化等）、人类活动造成的影响、保护行动及其成果。 写作形式： 调查报告（Research Report） 写作对象： 老师或班级同学 时态要求： 一般现在时（介绍现状）和一般过去时（叙述过去情况）并用 Step 2 搭建结构 第一段：引出主题 介绍保护对象（某种动物、植物或生态系统），说明其基本特点和生存环境，点明其重要性。 第二段：问题与行动 描述该保护对象面临的问题和原因，说明人类活动造成了什么影响，然后介绍人们采取了哪些保护行动。 第三段：成果与启示 说明保护行动取得的成果，总结生态平衡的意义，表达对未来保护的希望。 Step 3 丰富内容 不要只简单说明事实，要加入具体数据、事例和细节。例如不只写“The panda is endangered.”，还要写“In the 1970s, there were only around 1,000 pandas in the wild.” Step 4 提升语言 使用that/which引导的定语从句（an ecosystem that...， an animal that is...）、现在完成时（have taken action, have increased）、一般现在时和一般过去时，以及描述趋势的词汇（increase, decrease, grow, rise），使报告客观清晰、数据充实。 Step 5 检查修改 检查内容是否完整（对象→问题→行动→成果→启示）、结构是否清晰（三段式）、that/which定语从句是否正确、拼写和标点是否有误。 五、阶梯训练 （一）句子训练 Level 1 汉译英 1. 大熊猫是中国的国宝，已经享誉世界。 ____________________________________________________________ 2. 保护熊猫无疑有助于整个生态系统的生存。 ____________________________________________________________ 3. 在20世纪70年代，野生熊猫只有大约1000只。 ____________________________________________________________ 4. 人们已经采取行动保护这些美丽的动物。 ____________________________________________________________ 5. 保护熊猫不仅有助于熊猫本身，也有助于整个生态系统。 ____________________________________________________________ Level 2 句型仿写（参照例句完成句子） 句型 1：... is a ... that ...（介绍保护对象） 例句： The panda is a Chinese national treasure that has become popular around the world. （1）长江是一种对中国人民非常重要的生态系统。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）森林是一种为许多动物提供家园的生态系统。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 2：... is an ecosystem that is important to ...（描述重要性） 例句： The rainforest is an ecosystem that is important to us all. （1）海洋是一种对地球生命非常重要的生态系统。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）湿地是一种对鸟类非常重要的生态系统。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 3：... are suffering from ...（描述面临的问题） 例句： Many animals are suffering from pollution and climate change. （1）许多物种正遭受栖息地丧失的困扰。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）森林正遭受砍伐和火灾的困扰。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 4：People have taken action to ...（描述保护行动） 例句： People have taken action to protect these lovely animals. （1）政府已经采取行动建立更多的自然保护区。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）科学家已经采取行动研究濒危物种。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 5：... has / have played an important role in ...（描述作用） 例句： Education among local people has played an important role in protecting pandas. （1）技术的进步在环境保护中发挥了重要作用。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）当地社区在保护野生动物中发挥了重要作用。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 6：This provides hope for ...（描述希望） 例句： The success of panda protection provides hope for other endangered species. （1）大熊猫保护的成功为其他濒危物种提供了希望。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）森林的增长为应对气候变化提供了希望。 ____________________________________________________________ Level 3 句子升级 要求：参照下方示例，将基础句升级为内容更丰富、表达更高级的句子。 示例： 基础句：The panda is a national treasure. 升级句：The panda is a Chinese national treasure that has become popular around the world. 1. 基础句：The panda was endangered. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 2. 基础句：The government built national parks. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 3. 基础句：People have learned more about protection. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 4. 基础句：The forests have grown larger. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 5. 基础句：Protecting pandas is helpful. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 6. 基础句：There is hope. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ （二）篇章训练 1．近年来，人类活动对生态环境造成了严重影响。假定你是李华，校英文报“Nature”专栏正在征集稿件，请以“Keeping Ecosystems Balanced”为题，根据下面表格中的信息，用英语写一篇短文投稿。 The importance of ecological balance Clean air, fresh water, a balanced climate Threats (威胁) to the balance Pollution, cutting down too many trees Causing problems Climate change, endangered animals Actions to protect the planet Reduce waste Plant more trees Save water and electricity Call to action & goals Do one’s part, keep ecosystems balanced 注意：1.短文须包含表格中的关键词，请增加细节以使行文连贯； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数80-100。 Keeping Ecosystems Balanced The ecological balance is key to the survival of all living things. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．写一段话（至少5句）介绍另一种濒危动物被成功保护的案例（如大熊猫、藏羚羊、朱鹮等）。说明它们曾经面临的威胁、人类采取了什么措施、以及现在的情况。使用make great efforts, set up reserves, play an important role, return land to nature, benefit from等表达。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Level 1 汉译英 1. The panda is a Chinese national treasure that has become popular around the world. 2. Protecting pandas is undoubtedly helpful to the survival of a whole ecosystem. 3. In the 1970s, there were only around 1,000 pandas in the wild. 4. People have taken action to protect these beautiful animals. 5. Protecting pandas not only helps pandas themselves but also helps the whole ecosystem. Level 2 句型仿写 句型 1 （1）The Yangtze River is an ecosystem that is very important to the Chinese people. （2）Forests are ecosystems that provide homes for many animals. 句型 2 （1）The ocean is an ecosystem that is important to life on Earth. （2）Wetlands are ecosystems that are important to birds. 句型 3 （1）Many species are suffering from habitat loss. （2）Forests are suffering from logging and fires. 句型 4 （1）The government has taken action to set up more nature reserves. （2）Scientists have taken action to study endangered species. 句型 5 （1）The development of technology has played an important role in environmental protection. （2）Local communities have played an important role in protecting wildlife. 句型 6 （1）The success of panda protection provides hope for other endangered species. （2）The growth of forests provides hope for dealing with climate change. Level 3 句子升级 （以下为参考升级答案，其他合理升级也可接受） 1. 升级句：In the 1970s, there were only around 1,000 pandas in the wild, and the panda was listed as an endangered species. 2. 升级句：The Chinese government has set up the Giant Panda National Park and 67 protected areas to provide pandas with more space to live. 3. 升级句：Local people have learned more about environmental protection and have returned part of their farmland to forests. 4. 升级句：As the forests have grown larger, the panda’s neighbours have also increased greatly in population. 5. 升级句：Protecting pandas is undoubtedly helpful not only to pandas themselves but also to the survival of a whole ecosystem. 6. 升级句：The success of panda protection provides hope for other endangered species and shows that with hard work, we can make a difference. 篇章训练（参考范文） 1．例文 Keeping Ecosystems Balanced The ecological balance is key to the survival of all living things. It provides clean air, fresh water, and a balanced climate.However, human activities like pollution and cutting down too many trees have broken this balance, causing problems like climate change and endangered animals. We must take action to protect our planet. First, we can reduce waste by practising the “3Rs”—reduce, reuse and recycle. Second,planting more trees helps improve air quality and provides homes for animals. Also, saving water and electricity in daily life is a simple but useful way. If everyone does their part, we can keep ecosystems balanced and create a healthier world for the future. 2．范文： The crested ibis is another endangered bird that has been saved. In the 1980s, there were only seven left in the wild in China. The government made great efforts to protect them. They set up nature reserves and stopped hunting. Local farmers returned land to nature so that the birds could find food. Researchers also raised chicks in protected centres. Thanks to these actions, the number of crested ibises has grown to over 5,000 today. This success shows that protecting one species also benefits the whole ecosystem. We should continue to work hard to save other endangered animals. That’s our responsibility. Let’s learn from the panda story. We can do it. Yes, we can. Thank you. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $