Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 语法知识分层梳理2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习围绕can & could（请求与许可）语法点，采用基础-提升-拔高三层设计，通过梯度化题型构建从基础识记到综合运用的知识巩固路径，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|功能区分、语气区别、答题规则|单选聚焦句型结构与can/could用法，强化基础识记| |提升层|请求与许可功能辨析|句型转换与类型判断，深化语境理解与运用| |拔高层|语用规则与情景表达|改错纠正易错点，情景写作提升礼貌表达能力|

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 语法知识分层梳理 语法专项：can & could（请求与许可） 层级1 基础识记（必掌握） 1. 两大功能区分 ✅ Requests（请求他人做事，标记R） 句型：Can / Could you please + 动词原形…? 主语为 you，礼貌请求对方帮忙 ✅ Permission（寻求许可，标记P） 句型：Can / Could I + 动词原形…? 主语为 I，询问自己是否可以做某事 2. can & could 语气区别 · can：日常普通语气，熟人之间通用 · could：语气更委婉礼貌 ⚠️关键易错点：此处could不代表过去时态！ 3. 答题黄金规则 问句使用 could，答句只能用 can，不能使用 could 例：—Could I use your pen? —Yes, you can. 层级2 理解运用 ① 请求别人帮忙 问句：Could you please + 动词原形? 肯定：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定：Sorry, I have to … ② 寻求许可 问句：Can / Could I + 动词原形? 肯定：Yes, you can. / Good idea! 否定：Sorry, you can’t. 层级3 能力拓展 情景辨析请求、许可；书面表达优先用could体现礼貌。 分层专项练习题 🟢基础层（总分40分） 一、单项选择（每题4分，共40分） 1. —______ you please help me clean up the room? —Sure. A. Does B. Could C. Must D. Are 2. —Could I hang out with my friends? —Yes, you ______. A. could B. can C. are D. need 3. —______ I put the photos on the wall? —Yes, you can. A. Can B. Do C. Does D. Must 4. Could you please ______ the floor? A. sweep B. to sweep C. sweeping D. sweeps 5. —Could I use your scissors? —Sorry, you ______. I’m using it now. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. won’t 6. —Can you help me hang up the picture? —______. A. Yes, I am B. Sure C. Yes, I could D. No, I can 7. —Could I invite my friends home? —______. You need to finish your homework first. A. Yes, you can B. Of course C. Sorry, you can’t D. Good idea 8. You ______ ask others for help politely with “could you please”. A. should B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 9. —Could you please take out the rubbish? —OK, I ______ do it right away. A. can B. could C. am D. will 10. —______ I watch TV after dinner? —Yes, you may. A. Do B. Does C. Can D. Must 🟡提升层（总分40分） 一、句型转换（每空2分，共20分） 1. Could you please fold the clothes?（作否定完整回答） Sorry, ______ ______ clean the bathroom now. 2. I can help my mum do the dishes.（改为寻求许可的一般疑问句） ______ ______ help my mum do the dishes? 3. Can I hang out after school?（改为语气更委婉的同义句） ______ ______ hang out after school? 4. You can’t play outside before finishing homework.（同义句改写） ______ you please ______ outside before finishing homework? 二、判断句子类型（R=请求他人，P=征求许可，每题4分，共20分） 1. Could you please water the plants? (____) 2. Can I borrow your brush? (____) 3. Could I meet you at the paint shop? (____) 4. Can you help me pack up things? (____) 5. Could you hang up this poster for me? (____) 🔴拔高层（总分20分） 一、句子改错（划出错误并写出正确形式，每题4分，共12分） 1. —Could I use your glue? —Yes, you could. ________ 2. Could you please to clean the bathroom? ________ 3. Could you please not to talk loudly here? ________ 二、情景小写作（8分） 根据提示写两段短句，分别完成： 1. 礼貌请求同桌帮你拿刷子 2. 向妈妈请求周末和朋友出门闲逛 ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 参考答案（独立分开） 🟢基础层 单选 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.C 🟡提升层 句型转换 1.I have to 2.Can I 3.Could I 4.Could; not play 类型判断 1.R 2.P 3.P 4.R 5.R 🔴拔高层 改错 1. could → can 2. to clean → clean 3. to talk → talk 写作参考范文 1. Could you please pass me the brush? 2. Could I hang out with my friends this weekend? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $