精品解析：陕西榆林市第十四中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

榆林市第十四中学期末检测 高二英语试题 本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第三册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1．What will the man do next? A．Write a report. B．Send an email. C．Free up the computer. 2．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Tourist and guide. B．Librarian and student. C．Manager and salesman. 3．Why was the woman late? A．She got up late. B．Her car broke down. C．She was caught in traffic. 4．Where are the speakers probably? A．In a hospital. B．In a museum. C．In a library. 5．How does the man feel about the upcoming exam? A．Anxious. B．Confident. C．Relaxed. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6．What do the speakers decide to watch? A．A comedy. B．A documentary. C．A sci-fi movie. 7．When will the movie start? A．At 6:30. B．At 7:00. C．At 7:30. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8．How did the man spend his summer holiday? A．He worked full-time. B．He traveled abroad. C．He looked after his sister. 9．What does the man think of his job? A．Boring but easy. B．Tiring but rewarding. C．Difficult and complex. 10．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Learn to make coffee. B．Watch TV at home. C．Visit the shop. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11．What is the woman looking for? A．A blue silk dress. B．A woolen sweater. C．A cotton shirt. 12．What size does the woman need? A．Small. B．Medium. C．Large. 13．How much will the woman pay? A．$50. B．$80. C．$100. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14．What is the man’s problem? A．He can’t find his suitcase. B．His suitcase is broken. C．He missed his light. 15．What color is the man’s suitcase? A．Black. B．Red. C．Silver. 16．What does the woman suggest the man do? A．Wait at the gate. B．Fill out a form. C．Call the airline office. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speech mainly about? A．A charity event. B．A sports meet. C．A school program. 18．When will Challenge Week come to an end? A．On Wednesday. B．On Friday. C．On Sunday. 19．What challenge is mentioned by the speaker? A．Giving up sugar for just five days. B．Speaking 20 words a day for a month. C．Disconnecting from social media for a week. 20．What should Challenge Week participants do? A．Donate as much as possible. B．Find sponsors for their challenges. C．Complete challenges together with partners. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Medical Volunteer Campaign in Antigua, Guatemala Join International Volunteer HQ (IVHQ) for a meaningful Medical Volunteer Campaign in the beautiful city of Antigua, Guatemala. This program offers a unique opportunity for individuals to provide vital healthcare support while experiencing rich local traditions and culture. The campaign is highly flexible, with start dates available every Monday. Volunteers can choose a duration of one to two weeks, dedicating around four hours a day to their work. Who Can Join This opportunity is open to anyone aged 18 and above, with accommodation provided in either a warm homestay or a shared volunteer house. While the application process itself is free, the program is specifically designed for pre-med, pre-nursing, and medical students, as well as qualified medical professionals. Additionally, groups of eight or more can participate in customized community outreach initiatives, traveling to various areas to offer essential health services, check-ups, and education. Why Join Guatemala currently faces significant challenges regarding funding and medical resources, leaving many in remote areas without access to quality healthcare. By joining, volunteers directly contribute to improving local health and well-being, actively supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3. Beyond the clinical experience, participants can practice Spanish, develop crucial communication skills, and explore Antigua, a remarkable UNESCO World Heritage Site famous for its colonial architecture. Essential Requirements and Costs To participate, volunteers must provide a criminal background check, speak English, and hold valid volunteer travel insurance. Arrival in Guatemala City is required one day prior to the Monday training, with convenient free airport pick-up provided. The weekly program fee is $750 per person, which comprehensively includes 24/7 support, accommodation, meals, and transportation. Please note that an additional registration fee and a 5% international banking Fee also apply. 1. What is required of the volunteers? A. Being 18 or older. B. Speaking Spanish well. C. Having work experience. D. Bringing their own meals. 2. What can volunteers do to help local people? A. Build new local hospitals. B. Train professional doctors. C. Offer basic health services. D. Run advanced medical labs. 3. What do we know about the program cost? A. Banking fees are included in the $750. B. The total cost is more than $750 a week. C. No extra fees are needed for registration. D. Free food is offered without extra charge. B Ronda Rousey is an American mixed martial artist, actress, and former World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) champion. She became famous as the first Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) women’s bantamweight (雏量级) champion and helped bring women’s fighting into the mainstream. Rousey was born on February 1, 1987, in Riverside, California. Her childhood was challenging. She had a speech disorder and did not speak until she was six years old. When she was eight, her father took his own life after a serious injury left him unable to walk. Her mother, a former world judo (柔道) champion, encouraged Ronda to take up judo as a way to deal with her emotions. Rousey excelled quickly. At 15, she made the U.S. Olympic team. At 16, she became the youngest American to earn the number one national ranking in her division. She won a bronze medal at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and retired from judo at 21. After the Olympics, Rousey struggled financially. She worked at a bar and even lived in her car for a time. She then turned to mixed martial arts. In 2010, she had her first amateur match and won her first fight in just 23 seconds using her famous armbar technique. She turned professional soon after and won her first four fights in less than one minute each. In 2012 Rousey became the first woman to sign with the UFC. She successfully defended her championship title multiple times, often winning in the first round. Many of her fights ended in under one minute. Her speed and power made her a superstar. She appeared on magazine covers and in movies like The Expendables 3 and Furious 7. However, her run of victories ended in November 2015 when she lost to Holly Holm. Another loss followed in 2016. Rousey then moved to professional wrestling, joining WWE. She became a champion there as well and is one of only eight female Triple Crown champions in WWE history. Rousey married UFC fighter Travis Browne, and they have two daughters. She returned to the fighting cage for a special match against Gina Carano. Rousey said this would likely be her last fight, as she wanted to focus on her family. 4. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The 2008 Beijing Olympics. B. Rousey’s achievements in judo. C. The youngest judo champion. D. Ways to join the Olympic team. 5. Why does the author mention The Expendables 3? A. To prove films need stars. B. To explain skills of fighting. C. To show Rousey’s wide influence. D. To introduce a popular action movie. 6. What happened to Rousey after 2015? A. She kept winning all fights. B. She gave up WWE quickly. C. She lost two fights in a row. D. She left lighting forever. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A famous actress’s film works. B. History of the UFC and WWE. C. Development of women’s fighting. D. A female champion’s life and career. C Living through extreme heat waves can speed up aging, according to a study published Monday. Scientists analyzed 15 years’ health data from nearly 25,000 adults, finding two years of exposure to heat waves could speed up aging by 8 to 12 extra days. It may not sound like a lot, but this number builds over time, said Cui Guo, an assistant professor at the University of Hong Kong. The research comes as human-induced (人为诱发的) climate change is making heat waves more intense and long-lasting. The West Coast of the United States is suffering from burning temperatures, while the impact of extreme heat is becoming increasingly severe, affecting countries such as Iran, Japan, Korea, and France. In 2024, the hottest year on record, climate change was responsible for 41 extra days of extreme heat worldwide, according to an analysis by World Weather Attribution. Particular groups are weaker to faster aging because of heat, the researchers found. If you are an older person who has lived through many heat waves, you may age faster than a younger person who had the same exposure. Other factors, such as living without air-conditioning or working outdoors, can also make your aging rate significantly worse. The study defined heat waves as both a period of at least two continuous days of abnormally high temperatures and any time when officials issued heat warnings. It also took the sum of a person’s heat exposure into account. The researchers quantified the heat’s effects by comparing people’s biological age to their chronological age (实际年龄). The study used 12 of these health measurements, known as biomarkers, to work out how heat affected the rate of aging for the study’s participants. The results accounted for individual factors that can affect aging markers, such as exercise, smoking and preexisting disease. Since biological aging is closely linked to death and many diseases, speeding it up can be a sign of serious health problems. To address this, experts suggested taking personal protective measures. 8. How does the author develop the first paragraph? A. By giving a definition. B. By presenting research data. C. By making a comparison. D. By quoting a famous saying. 9. Why does the author mention some countries in paragraph 2? A. To illustrate the serious situation of the research. B. To show the widespread impact of extreme heat. C. To call on global action against climate change. D. To explain the causes of human-induced climate change. 10. Which group is more likely to age faster according to the text? A. Construction workers laboring outdoors. B. Teachers working in a school with central cooling. C. Office clerks working in an air-conditioned building. D. Delivery drivers laboring in air-conditioned vehicles. 11. What might be discussed in the follow-up paragraph? A. Criticism of the study’s methodology and limitations. B. A detailed list of the 12 biomarkers used in the study. C. A comparison of aging rates in different climate zones. D. The specific protective measures recommended by experts. D The world’s landfills are filling up with valuable electronics. According to the UN, about 62 million tons of e-waste are produced yearly. Only 22% is recycled. Most of the rest is buried or burned, in which case recoverable raw materials worth $63 billion go to waste. Getting those materials out is a challenge. Many of these materials become polluted when e-waste is crushed during recycling, limiting the effectiveness of specialist extraction techniques. The process becomes simpler if products are taken apart and their parts sorted by composition before crushing. The trouble is that manual disassembly (拆解) is labour-intensive and costly. Although robots are good at putting together a specific item, they struggle to recognize and take apart the thousands of different devices ending up in landfills. A new generation of robots powered by artificial-intelligence (AI) models, however, seems to be equal to the job. ABB, an electrical-engineering company, is working with Molg, an American engineer, on robotic “mini-factories” to disassemble and recover materials from electronics used in big data centers. Meanwhile, Molg and his team in Germany aim higher. They are creating a robotic system for general recycling centers that must be flexible enough to handle diverse e-waste, ranging from phones to electric-car batteries, LED screens and solar panels. They are starting with an AI-assisted robot that can take apart old desktop computers. The first thing the team’s robot does is to identify any offered product. All gathered information is analyzed and stored in its memory. Once the identification is completed, the AI system then determines which parts are worth removing. Analysis done, the AI generates a disassembly process for operating the robot’s arms, for example, choosing the order to remove screws (螺丝钉). Such multi-purpose robots are likely to gain popularity as companies face growing legal pressure to manage their products’ end-of-life cycle. Therefore, the development of smarter tool-using robots should encourage more firms to ensure their products remain valuable even after being thrown away. 12. The statistics in the first paragraph aim to show that ______. A. e-waste recycling is at a high level B. most electronics are successfully recycled C. the cost caused by e-waste in landfills is huge D. the recycling of e-waste has to be improved urgently 13. What does the underlined word “extraction” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Recovery. B. Control. C. Protection. D. Production. 14. What will the companies probably do according to the last paragraph? A. Reduce the production of electronics to cut e-waste. B. Rely on taking-apart manually to handle their e-waste. C. Make their products easier to recycle. D. Ignore legal requirements on their products’ end-of-life cycle. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI Robots: A Helper for E-waste Classification. B. AI Robots: Reducing Losses from E-waste. C. AI Robots: Efficient Disassemblers of E-waste. D. AI Robots: Finding Valuable Materials in E-waste. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 A lot of people tend to focus on how many hours of sleep they’re getting but ignore the quality of their sleep, which can be even more important than sleep time. “____16____. They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms,” said Cunningham, an assistant professor of psychology at Harvard Medical School. Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep. ____17____. To get a good night’s worth of sleep, you just get into bed when you’ve built up a lot of sleep pressure. Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock. ____18____. Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm. For higher sleep quality, sleep pressure and your circadian rhythm should be working together. ____19____. This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality. “One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day. ____20____,” Cunningham said. Once you have a general sleep schedule or routine, then your body will naturally start to seek out its optimal sleep time. A. Don’t let the term fool you, though B. Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep C. It’s better to engage in some low-arousing activities D. You’re concerned about the amount of sleep you’re getting E. An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep F. Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea G. It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal, and it changed my career. Our first task was to write a response to the customer’s request for a ____21____ update. The customer offered nothing and he simply said, “Just about the future development of our brand, and I want to see what you ____22____.” However, through all the confusion in dealing with this ____23____ project, many of my ____24____ about work were answered. I was extremely ____25____ about the task as well as my new role. I was confused. What was the ____26____ way to meet the customer’s ____27____? Full of anxiety, I tried various ____28____ — brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining. ____29____, after a lot of stress, my ideas became more organized and the content ____30____. I had my understanding of the customer’s needs, and my reasons for it. I finished my ____31____ with uncertainty, had it ____32____ and submitted (提交) it. To my surprise, I received their full ____33____. The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts. My ____34____ and newfound confidence upon hearing their feedback could not be overstated. What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a business proposal. I learned to be open to new ____35____. This project gave me the confidence, critical-thinking skills and courage to try a new career path. 21. A. brand B. climate C. computer D. society 22. A. give in to B. take part in C. come up with D. break away from 23. A. well-organized B. old-fashioned C. open-ended D. cold-blooded 24. A. ideas B. dreams C. plans D. questions 25. A. calm B. nervous C. certain D. proud 26. A. proper B. strange C. wrong D. single 27. A. habits B. hobbies C. needs D. companies 28. A. feelings B. jobs C. tasks D. strategies 29. A. Suddenly B. Particularly C. Eventually D. Factually 30. A. fell into place B. got into trouble C. settled into routine D. sank into silence 31. A. homework B. proposal C. order D. speech 32. A. refused B. received C. forgotten D. checked 33. A. approval B. doubt C. blame D. refusal 34. A. luck B. relief C. pity D. worry 35. A. changes B. challenges C. plans D. teammates 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Fujian, 46 tulou were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2018, with 23 of them in Yongding. Tulou are closed circular structures with earthen outer ____36____ (wall) and wooden frames inside. They were built by the Hakka, a group of people ____37____ moved from China’s central plains to the south to avoid wars centuries ago. There are thousands of tulou across Fujian, with Longyan’s Yongding district being home ____38____ 1,768 of them. Have you ever dreamed of spending a day ____39____ (live) in a tulou? Now, that dream can come true. Shenghuang Lou, ____40____ tulou in Yongding with nearly four centuries of history, has now become a hotel. The condition of the building ____41____ (be) quite bad, but now it has been turned into a modern hotel. The rebuilding has fixed the old problems and added new functions like toilets. Zeng Jieshan, a high school student from Shenzhen, Guangdong province, traveled four hours by train to experience the tulou firsthand on ____42____ (he) own. I used to think ancient buildings were mostly temples or royal palaces, like the Forbidden City, Zeng said ____43____ (excited). But here in the tulou, people still live and thrive. Tulou are not only special structures ____44____ also windows into the rich history and culture of the Hakka people. ____45____ (conduct) interviews with residents to showcase tulou life is an important way to keep their culture alive. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你校邀请专家做了一场“运动与健康”的讲座。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 讲座内容； 2. 讲座反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Enlightenment Lecture on Sports and Health ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, my father and I decided to go hiking in a deep forest. My father, an experienced hiker, always told me to“leave no trace” and respect nature. However, I was more interested in taking perfect photos for my social media. To me, the forest was just a beautiful background and the animals in it were nothing more than subjects for my camera. On the second day, we found a small, hidden valley. In the center was a clear pond, surrounded by rare flowers. “Look at this!” I cried, immediately leaving the path to get a closer photo. My father warned me to stay on the path, but I was too focused on the photo to hear him. As I moved around the pond, I saw a young deer trapped in some old wire fencing near the bushes. It was struggling hard, its leg bleeding and its eyes full of fear. My first thought was to reach for my camera, not to help. “This will be a great photo,” I whispered to myself. But as I looked through the camera, the deer’s fast breathing and the sight of its wound suddenly hit me. This wasn’t a“photo”; it was a life in pain. My father came up and saw the situation. He didn’t say a word, but his disappointed look made me feel very bad. He immediately knelt down and started working on the wire carefully, but the deer was too frightened and kept kicking, making it dangerous for both of them. I stood there, camera in hand, feeling very ashamed. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I dropped my camera onto the soft grass and moved toward them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we watched the deer disappear into the woods, my father turned to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 榆林市第十四中学期末检测 高二英语试题 本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第三册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1．What will the man do next? A．Write a report. B．Send an email. C．Free up the computer. 2．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Tourist and guide. B．Librarian and student. C．Manager and salesman. 3．Why was the woman late? A．She got up late. B．Her car broke down. C．She was caught in traffic. 4．Where are the speakers probably? A．In a hospital. B．In a museum. C．In a library. 5．How does the man feel about the upcoming exam? A．Anxious. B．Confident. C．Relaxed. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6．What do the speakers decide to watch? A．A comedy. B．A documentary. C．A sci-fi movie. 7．When will the movie start? A．At 6:30. B．At 7:00. C．At 7:30. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8．How did the man spend his summer holiday? A．He worked full-time. B．He traveled abroad. C．He looked after his sister. 9．What does the man think of his job? A．Boring but easy. B．Tiring but rewarding. C．Difficult and complex. 10．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Learn to make coffee. B．Watch TV at home. C．Visit the shop. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11．What is the woman looking for? A．A blue silk dress. B．A woolen sweater. C．A cotton shirt. 12．What size does the woman need? A．Small. B．Medium. C．Large. 13．How much will the woman pay? A．$50. B．$80. C．$100. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14．What is the man’s problem? A．He can’t find his suitcase. B．His suitcase is broken. C．He missed his light. 15．What color is the man’s suitcase? A．Black. B．Red. C．Silver. 16．What does the woman suggest the man do? A．Wait at the gate. B．Fill out a form. C．Call the airline office. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speech mainly about? A．A charity event. B．A sports meet. C．A school program. 18．When will Challenge Week come to an end? A．On Wednesday. B．On Friday. C．On Sunday. 19．What challenge is mentioned by the speaker? A．Giving up sugar for just five days. B．Speaking 20 words a day for a month. C．Disconnecting from social media for a week. 20．What should Challenge Week participants do? A．Donate as much as possible. B．Find sponsors for their challenges. C．Complete challenges together with partners. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Medical Volunteer Campaign in Antigua, Guatemala Join International Volunteer HQ (IVHQ) for a meaningful Medical Volunteer Campaign in the beautiful city of Antigua, Guatemala. This program offers a unique opportunity for individuals to provide vital healthcare support while experiencing rich local traditions and culture. The campaign is highly flexible, with start dates available every Monday. Volunteers can choose a duration of one to two weeks, dedicating around four hours a day to their work. Who Can Join This opportunity is open to anyone aged 18 and above, with accommodation provided in either a warm homestay or a shared volunteer house. While the application process itself is free, the program is specifically designed for pre-med, pre-nursing, and medical students, as well as qualified medical professionals. Additionally, groups of eight or more can participate in customized community outreach initiatives, traveling to various areas to offer essential health services, check-ups, and education. Why Join Guatemala currently faces significant challenges regarding funding and medical resources, leaving many in remote areas without access to quality healthcare. By joining, volunteers directly contribute to improving local health and well-being, actively supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3. Beyond the clinical experience, participants can practice Spanish, develop crucial communication skills, and explore Antigua, a remarkable UNESCO World Heritage Site famous for its colonial architecture. Essential Requirements and Costs To participate, volunteers must provide a criminal background check, speak English, and hold valid volunteer travel insurance. Arrival in Guatemala City is required one day prior to the Monday training, with convenient free airport pick-up provided. The weekly program fee is $750 per person, which comprehensively includes 24/7 support, accommodation, meals, and transportation. Please note that an additional registration fee and a 5% international banking Fee also apply. 1. What is required of the volunteers? A. Being 18 or older. B. Speaking Spanish well. C. Having work experience. D. Bringing their own meals. 2. What can volunteers do to help local people? A. Build new local hospitals. B. Train professional doctors. C. Offer basic health services. D. Run advanced medical labs. 3. What do we know about the program cost? A. Banking fees are included in the $750. B. The total cost is more than $750 a week. C. No extra fees are needed for registration. D. Free food is offered without extra charge. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍危地马拉安提瓜医疗志愿活动，包含招募对象、参与价值、参与条件以及相关费用信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Who Can Join部分的“This opportunity is open to anyone aged 18 and above, with accommodation provided in either a warm homestay or a shared volunteer house.(这个机会面向所有18周岁以及以上的人开放，提供住宿，可选温馨寄宿家庭或志愿者合住房屋。)”可知，志愿者必须年满18周岁。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Who Can Join部分的“Additionally, groups of eight or more can participate in customized community outreach initiatives, traveling to various areas to offer essential health services, check-ups, and education.(此外，八人及以上团体可参与定制化社区外展项目，前往多个地区提供基础医疗服务、体检以及健康教育。)”可知，志愿者可以为当地人提供基础医疗相关服务。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Essential Requirements and Costs部分的“The weekly program fee is $750 per person, which comprehensively includes 24/7 support, accommodation, meals, and transportation. Please note that an additional registration fee and a 5% international banking Fee also apply.(每周项目费用为每人750美元，该费用全面包含全天候支持服务、住宿、膳食以及交通。请注意，还需另行支付注册费以及5%国际银行手续费。)”可知，每周实际总花费高于750美元。 B Ronda Rousey is an American mixed martial artist, actress, and former World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) champion. She became famous as the first Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) women’s bantamweight (雏量级) champion and helped bring women’s fighting into the mainstream. Rousey was born on February 1, 1987, in Riverside, California. Her childhood was challenging. She had a speech disorder and did not speak until she was six years old. When she was eight, her father took his own life after a serious injury left him unable to walk. Her mother, a former world judo (柔道) champion, encouraged Ronda to take up judo as a way to deal with her emotions. Rousey excelled quickly. At 15, she made the U.S. Olympic team. At 16, she became the youngest American to earn the number one national ranking in her division. She won a bronze medal at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and retired from judo at 21. After the Olympics, Rousey struggled financially. She worked at a bar and even lived in her car for a time. She then turned to mixed martial arts. In 2010, she had her first amateur match and won her first fight in just 23 seconds using her famous armbar technique. She turned professional soon after and won her first four fights in less than one minute each. In 2012 Rousey became the first woman to sign with the UFC. She successfully defended her championship title multiple times, often winning in the first round. Many of her fights ended in under one minute. Her speed and power made her a superstar. She appeared on magazine covers and in movies like The Expendables 3 and Furious 7. However, her run of victories ended in November 2015 when she lost to Holly Holm. Another loss followed in 2016. Rousey then moved to professional wrestling, joining WWE. She became a champion there as well and is one of only eight female Triple Crown champions in WWE history. Rousey married UFC fighter Travis Browne, and they have two daughters. She returned to the fighting cage for a special match against Gina Carano. Rousey said this would likely be her last fight, as she wanted to focus on her family. 4. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The 2008 Beijing Olympics. B. Rousey’s achievements in judo. C. The youngest judo champion. D. Ways to join the Olympic team. 5. Why does the author mention The Expendables 3? A. To prove films need stars. B. To explain skills of fighting. C. To show Rousey’s wide influence. D. To introduce a popular action movie. 6. What happened to Rousey after 2015? A. She kept winning all fights. B. She gave up WWE quickly. C. She lost two fights in a row. D. She left lighting forever. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A famous actress’s film works. B. History of the UFC and WWE. C. Development of women’s fighting. D. A female champion’s life and career. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国综合格斗运动员、演员及前WWE冠军Ronda Rousey的生平与职业生涯，涵盖了她的童年经历、柔道成就、UFC冠军之路、失利后转战WWE以及最终回归家庭的故事。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“At 15, she made the U.S. Olympic team. At 16, she became the youngest American to earn the number one national ranking in her division. She won a bronze medal at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and retired from judo at 21.(15岁时，她入选美国奥运代表队。16岁时，她成为美国最年轻的全国排名第一的选手。她在2008年北京奥运会上获得铜牌，并在21岁时从柔道界退役。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Rousey在柔道领域取得的成就。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Her speed and power made her a superstar. She appeared on magazine covers and in movies like The Expendables 3 and Furious 7.(她的速度和力量使她成为超级明星。她登上了杂志封面，并出演了《敢死队3》和《速度与激情7》等电影。）”可知，作者提到《敢死队3》是为了说明Rousey的影响力不仅限于体育界，还扩展到了影视和流行文化领域。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“However, her run of victories ended in November 2015 when she lost to Holly Holm. Another loss followed in 2016.(然而，她的连胜在2015年11月结束，当时她输给了Holly Holm。2016年她又遭遇了另一场失利。）”可知，2015年后她连续输掉了两场比赛。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章从Rousey的出生、童年、柔道生涯、UFC冠军、失利、WWE到回归家庭，完整介绍了她的人生与职业历程，D项“一位女冠军的人生与职业生涯”准确概括了全文内容。 C Living through extreme heat waves can speed up aging, according to a study published Monday. Scientists analyzed 15 years’ health data from nearly 25,000 adults, finding two years of exposure to heat waves could speed up aging by 8 to 12 extra days. It may not sound like a lot, but this number builds over time, said Cui Guo, an assistant professor at the University of Hong Kong. The research comes as human-induced (人为诱发的) climate change is making heat waves more intense and long-lasting. The West Coast of the United States is suffering from burning temperatures, while the impact of extreme heat is becoming increasingly severe, affecting countries such as Iran, Japan, Korea, and France. In 2024, the hottest year on record, climate change was responsible for 41 extra days of extreme heat worldwide, according to an analysis by World Weather Attribution. Particular groups are weaker to faster aging because of heat, the researchers found. If you are an older person who has lived through many heat waves, you may age faster than a younger person who had the same exposure. Other factors, such as living without air-conditioning or working outdoors, can also make your aging rate significantly worse. The study defined heat waves as both a period of at least two continuous days of abnormally high temperatures and any time when officials issued heat warnings. It also took the sum of a person’s heat exposure into account. The researchers quantified the heat’s effects by comparing people’s biological age to their chronological age (实际年龄). The study used 12 of these health measurements, known as biomarkers, to work out how heat affected the rate of aging for the study’s participants. The results accounted for individual factors that can affect aging markers, such as exercise, smoking and preexisting disease. Since biological aging is closely linked to death and many diseases, speeding it up can be a sign of serious health problems. To address this, experts suggested taking personal protective measures. 8. How does the author develop the first paragraph? A. By giving a definition. B. By presenting research data. C. By making a comparison. D. By quoting a famous saying. 9. Why does the author mention some countries in paragraph 2? A. To illustrate the serious situation of the research. B. To show the widespread impact of extreme heat. C. To call on global action against climate change. D. To explain the causes of human-induced climate change. 10. Which group is more likely to age faster according to the text? A. Construction workers laboring outdoors. B. Teachers working in a school with central cooling. C. Office clerks working in an air-conditioned building. D. Delivery drivers laboring in air-conditioned vehicles. 11. What might be discussed in the follow-up paragraph? A. Criticism of the study’s methodology and limitations. B. A detailed list of the 12 biomarkers used in the study. C. A comparison of aging rates in different climate zones. D. The specific protective measures recommended by experts. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍一项研究发现热浪会加速人体衰老，分析易感人群，并介绍研究方式与专家提出的应对思路。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists analyzed 15 years’ health data from nearly 25,000 adults, finding two years of exposure to heat waves could speed up aging by 8 to 12 extra days.(科学家分析了近25000名成年人长达15年的健康数据，发现持续两年遭遇热浪会使衰老进程额外加快8至12天。)”可知，作者在第一段通过展示相关研究数据来展开行文。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The research comes as human-induced (人为诱发的) climate change is making heat waves more intense and long-lasting. The West Coast of the United States is suffering from burning temperatures, while the impact of extreme heat is becoming increasingly severe, affecting countries such as Iran, Japan, Korea, and France.(这项研究出炉之际，人为诱发的气候变化正让热浪变得更猛烈、持续更久。美国西海岸正遭受酷热侵袭，同时极端高温带来的影响日益严峻，波及伊朗、日本、韩国与法国等国家。)”可知，作者列举多个国家，是为了说明极端高温影响范围广泛。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Other factors, such as living without air-conditioning or working outdoors, can also make your aging rate significantly worse.(其他因素，例如生活环境没有空调或者从事户外工作，也会显著加快衰老速度。)”可知，在户外劳作的建筑工人更容易加速衰老。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Since biological aging is closely linked to death and many diseases, speeding it up can be a sign of serious health problems. To address this, experts suggested taking personal protective measures.(由于生物衰老和死亡、许多疾病紧密相关，加速它会是严重健康问题的一种迹象。为解决这点，专家建议采取个人防护措施。)”可知，下文很有可能详细介绍专家推荐的具体防护办法。 D The world’s landfills are filling up with valuable electronics. According to the UN, about 62 million tons of e-waste are produced yearly. Only 22% is recycled. Most of the rest is buried or burned, in which case recoverable raw materials worth $63 billion go to waste. Getting those materials out is a challenge. Many of these materials become polluted when e-waste is crushed during recycling, limiting the effectiveness of specialist extraction techniques. The process becomes simpler if products are taken apart and their parts sorted by composition before crushing. The trouble is that manual disassembly (拆解) is labour-intensive and costly. Although robots are good at putting together a specific item, they struggle to recognize and take apart the thousands of different devices ending up in landfills. A new generation of robots powered by artificial-intelligence (AI) models, however, seems to be equal to the job. ABB, an electrical-engineering company, is working with Molg, an American engineer, on robotic “mini-factories” to disassemble and recover materials from electronics used in big data centers. Meanwhile, Molg and his team in Germany aim higher. They are creating a robotic system for general recycling centers that must be flexible enough to handle diverse e-waste, ranging from phones to electric-car batteries, LED screens and solar panels. They are starting with an AI-assisted robot that can take apart old desktop computers. The first thing the team’s robot does is to identify any offered product. All gathered information is analyzed and stored in its memory. Once the identification is completed, the AI system then determines which parts are worth removing. Analysis done, the AI generates a disassembly process for operating the robot’s arms, for example, choosing the order to remove screws (螺丝钉). Such multi-purpose robots are likely to gain popularity as companies face growing legal pressure to manage their products’ end-of-life cycle. Therefore, the development of smarter tool-using robots should encourage more firms to ensure their products remain valuable even after being thrown away. 12. The statistics in the first paragraph aim to show that ______. A. e-waste recycling is at a high level B. most electronics are successfully recycled C. the cost caused by e-waste in landfills is huge D. the recycling of e-waste has to be improved urgently 13. What does the underlined word “extraction” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Recovery. B. Control. C. Protection. D. Production. 14. What will the companies probably do according to the last paragraph? A. Reduce the production of electronics to cut e-waste. B. Rely on taking-apart manually to handle their e-waste. C. Make their products easier to recycle. D. Ignore legal requirements on their products’ end-of-life cycle. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI Robots: A Helper for E-waste Classification. B. AI Robots: Reducing Losses from E-waste. C. AI Robots: Efficient Disassemblers of E-waste. D. AI Robots: Finding Valuable Materials in E-waste. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球垃圾填埋场电子垃圾堆积，现有回收方式存在不足，人工智能机器人有望高效拆解电子垃圾，助力回收利用。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“According to the UN, about 62 million tons of e-waste are produced yearly. Only 22% is recycled. Most of the rest is buried or burned, in which case recoverable raw materials worth $63 billion go to waste.(据联合国统计，每年产生约6200万吨电子垃圾。只有22%被回收。其余大部分被掩埋或焚烧，在这种情况下，价值630亿美元的可回收原材料被浪费。)”可知，第一段中的统计数据旨在表明电子垃圾的回收必须紧急改进。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Getting those materials out is a challenge. Many of these materials become polluted when e-waste is crushed during recycling, limiting the effectiveness of specialist extraction techniques.(把这些材料取出来是一项挑战。许多材料在回收过程中被粉碎时受到污染，限制了专业extraction技术的有效性。)”可知，电子垃圾在回收过程中被粉碎，许多材料受到污染，这限制了专业回收技术的有效性，extraction意思为“回收”。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Such multi-purpose robots are likely to gain popularity as companies face growing legal pressure to manage their products’ end-of-life cycle. Therefore, the development of smarter tool-using robots should encourage more firms to ensure their products remain valuable even after being thrown away.(随着公司面临管理产品生命周期终结的法律压力越来越大，这种多功能机器人可能会越来越受欢迎。因此，更智能的工具使用机器人的发展应该鼓励更多的公司确保他们的产品即使在被丢弃后仍然有价值。)”可知，公司可能会使他们的产品更容易回收。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段“The trouble is that manual disassembly (拆解) is labour-intensive and costly. Although robots are good at putting together a specific item, they struggle to recognize and take apart the thousands of different devices ending up in landfills. A new generation of robots powered by artificial-intelligence (AI) models, however, seems to be equal to the job.(问题在于，人工拆解耗时费力、成本高昂。机器人擅长组装固定产品，却难以识别并拆解垃圾填埋场里成千上万种各式各样的电子设备。不过，搭载人工智能模型的新一代机器人，似乎能够胜任这项工作。)”可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能机器人作为电子垃圾的高效拆解者，可助力电子垃圾回收，减少资源浪费，故C选项“人工智能机器人：电子垃圾的高效拆解者”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 A lot of people tend to focus on how many hours of sleep they’re getting but ignore the quality of their sleep, which can be even more important than sleep time. “____16____. They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms,” said Cunningham, an assistant professor of psychology at Harvard Medical School. Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep. ____17____. To get a good night’s worth of sleep, you just get into bed when you’ve built up a lot of sleep pressure. Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock. ____18____. Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm. For higher sleep quality, sleep pressure and your circadian rhythm should be working together. ____19____. This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality. “One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day. ____20____,” Cunningham said. Once you have a general sleep schedule or routine, then your body will naturally start to seek out its optimal sleep time. A. Don’t let the term fool you, though B. Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep C. It’s better to engage in some low-arousing activities D. You’re concerned about the amount of sleep you’re getting E. An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep F. Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea G. It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍影响睡眠质量的两大身体因素，解释其运作原理，并给出改善睡眠质量的有效方法。 【16题详解】 下文“They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms(它们既影响我们的睡眠类型，也影响睡眠质量。它们就是我们的睡眠压力和昼夜节律)”出现代词They，并具体介绍两种影响睡眠的因素，B选项“Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep(我们体内有两种不同的机制支配着我们的睡眠)”引出下文的两种睡眠影响因素，代词对应。 【17题详解】 上文“Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep.(你清醒的时间越长，睡眠压力就越大，睡眠时睡眠压力就会降低)”介绍了睡眠压力的基本原理，G选项“It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period(这就是你长时间保持清醒后会感到疲惫的原因)”承接上文，进一步解释睡眠压力带来的身体表现。 【18题详解】 上文“Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock.(你的昼夜节律是你身体的内部时钟)”引出昼夜节律的定义，下文“Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm.(虽然身体遵循的作息模式由大脑主导，但光线等外界因素会影响你的昼夜节律)”介绍昼夜节律的影响因素，A选项“Don’t let the term fool you, though(不过，不要被这个术语误导)”过渡自然，引出昼夜节律并非完全固定、会受外界影响的特点，衔接上下文。 【19题详解】 下文“This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality(这种紊乱最终会降低你的睡眠质量)”出现指代紊乱的关键词，E选项“An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep(不规律的作息或突发变化会扰乱你的睡眠)”介绍造成睡眠紊乱的情况，与下文disturbance对应，逻辑通顺。 【20题详解】 上文“One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day.(改善睡眠质量的一个方法是每天同一时间起床，这比每天同一时间睡觉效果更好)”介绍改善睡眠的方法，F选项“Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea(在不困的时候强迫自己睡觉并非总是好事)”承接上文，补充说明睡眠的正确方式，贴合专家观点。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal, and it changed my career. Our first task was to write a response to the customer’s request for a ____21____ update. The customer offered nothing and he simply said, “Just about the future development of our brand, and I want to see what you ____22____.” However, through all the confusion in dealing with this ____23____ project, many of my ____24____ about work were answered. I was extremely ____25____ about the task as well as my new role. I was confused. What was the ____26____ way to meet the customer’s ____27____? Full of anxiety, I tried various ____28____ — brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining. ____29____, after a lot of stress, my ideas became more organized and the content ____30____. I had my understanding of the customer’s needs, and my reasons for it. I finished my ____31____ with uncertainty, had it ____32____ and submitted (提交) it. To my surprise, I received their full ____33____. The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts. My ____34____ and newfound confidence upon hearing their feedback could not be overstated. What I learned through this process extended well beyond how to write a business proposal. I learned to be open to new ____35____. This project gave me the confidence, critical-thinking skills and courage to try a new career path. 21. A. brand B. climate C. computer D. society 22. A. give in to B. take part in C. come up with D. break away from 23. A. well-organized B. old-fashioned C. open-ended D. cold-blooded 24. A. ideas B. dreams C. plans D. questions 25. A. calm B. nervous C. certain D. proud 26. A. proper B. strange C. wrong D. single 27. A. habits B. hobbies C. needs D. companies 28. A. feelings B. jobs C. tasks D. strategies 29. A. Suddenly B. Particularly C. Eventually D. Factually 30. A. fell into place B. got into trouble C. settled into routine D. sank into silence 31. A. homework B. proposal C. order D. speech 32. A. refused B. received C. forgotten D. checked 33. A. approval B. doubt C. blame D. refusal 34. A. luck B. relief C. pity D. worry 35. A. changes B. challenges C. plans D. teammates 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者在新工作中的第一个项目是品牌战略提案，客户要求模糊且开放。作者在焦虑中尝试各种策略，最终完成提案并获得客户认可，这次经历让他学会了迎接新的挑战。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们的第一个任务是写一份回应客户请求的回应，客户要求进行品牌更新。A. brand品牌；B. climate气候；C. computer电脑；D. society社会。根据上文“a brand strategy proposal”以及下文“Just about the future development of our brand”可知，客户要求的是“品牌”更新。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：客户没有提供任何信息，他只是说：“关于我们品牌的未来发展，我想看看你们能想出什么。”A. give in to屈服于；B. take part in参加；C. come up with想出；D. break away from脱离。根据上文“The customer offered nothing”和“I want to see what you”可知，客户什么都没有提供，他想看作者团队能“想出”什么。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，在处理这个开放式的项目时，我关于工作的许多疑问都得到了解答。A. well-organized组织良好的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. open-ended开放式的；D. cold-blooded冷血的。根据上文“The customer offered nothing”可知，客户没有提供具体信息，要求模糊，所以这是一个“开放式的”项目。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. ideas想法；B. dreams梦想；C. plans计划；D. questions疑问。根据下文“were answered”可知，作者关于工作的“疑问”得到了解答。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我对这项任务以及我的新角色感到非常紧张。A. calm冷静的；B. nervous紧张的；C. certain确定的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“I was confused.”和“Full of anxiety”可知，他感到“紧张”。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：满足客户需求的正确方式是什么？A. proper正确的，恰当的；B. strange奇怪的；C. wrong错误的；D. single单一的。根据上文“I was confused”以及他在寻找方法可知，他在思考“正确的”方式。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. habits习惯；B. hobbies爱好；C. needs需求；D. companies公司。根据上文“meet the customer’s”以及项目是回应客户要求可知，是满足“需求”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：满怀焦虑，我尝试了各种策略——头脑风暴、思维导图、列提纲。A. feelings感受；B. jobs工作；C. tasks任务；D. strategies策略。根据下文“brainstorming, idea mapping, outlining”，这些都是他尝试的“策略”。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：最终，在经历了很大压力之后，我的想法变得更加有条理，内容也逐渐成形。A. Suddenly突然；B. Particularly特别地；C. Eventually最终；D. Factually事实上。根据上文他尝试了各种策略，以及下文“after a lot of stress”可知，“最终”他的想法变得有条理。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。A. fell into place变得清晰，逐渐成形；B. got into trouble陷入麻烦；C. settled into routine按部就班；D. sank into silence陷入沉默。根据上文“my ideas became more organized and the content”可知，想法变得有条理，内容逐渐“成形”。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：我带着不确定感完成了我的提案，找人检查后提交了。A. homework家庭作业；B. proposal提案；C. order订单；D. speech演讲。根据上文“The first project I took on at my new job was a brand strategy proposal”可知，项目是品牌战略提案可知，他完成的是“提案”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. refused拒绝；B. received收到；C. forgotten忘记；D. checked检查。根据常识，提交前会找人“检查”。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我得到了他们的完全认可。A. approval认可；B. doubt怀疑；C. blame责备；D. refusal拒绝。根据下文“The customer praised my original perspective”可知，客户“认可”了他的提案。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：听到他们的反馈时，我的宽慰和新获得的自信怎么强调都不为过。A. luck运气；B. relief宽慰；C. pity遗憾；D. worry担心。根据上文“Full of anxiety”可知，他之前充满焦虑和不确定，结合“The customer praised my original perspective and organized thoughts”可知，作者最终得到客户认可，所以会感到“宽慰”。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：我学会了以开放的心态迎接新的挑战。A. changes改变；B. challenges挑战；C. plans计划；D. teammates队友。根据上文他通过这个开放式的项目获得了成长，以及下文“try a new career path”可推知，作者学会了迎接新的“挑战”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Fujian, 46 tulou were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2018, with 23 of them in Yongding. Tulou are closed circular structures with earthen outer ____36____ (wall) and wooden frames inside. They were built by the Hakka, a group of people ____37____ moved from China’s central plains to the south to avoid wars centuries ago. There are thousands of tulou across Fujian, with Longyan’s Yongding district being home ____38____ 1,768 of them. Have you ever dreamed of spending a day ____39____ (live) in a tulou? Now, that dream can come true. Shenghuang Lou, ____40____ tulou in Yongding with nearly four centuries of history, has now become a hotel. The condition of the building ____41____ (be) quite bad, but now it has been turned into a modern hotel. The rebuilding has fixed the old problems and added new functions like toilets. Zeng Jieshan, a high school student from Shenzhen, Guangdong province, traveled four hours by train to experience the tulou firsthand on ____42____ (he) own. I used to think ancient buildings were mostly temples or royal palaces, like the Forbidden City, Zeng said ____43____ (excited). But here in the tulou, people still live and thrive. Tulou are not only special structures ____44____ also windows into the rich history and culture of the Hakka people. ____45____ (conduct) interviews with residents to showcase tulou life is an important way to keep their culture alive. 【答案】36. walls 37. who##that 38. to 39. living 40. a 41. was 42. his 43. excitedly 44. but 45. Conducting 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了福建永定土楼的历史、风貌，讲述部分土楼被改造为酒店的现状，并提及土楼承载着客家文化，人们也在采取方式传承这份独特文化。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：土楼是封闭式的环形建筑，外墙由泥土筑成，内部为木质框架。此处指多个土楼的外墙，用名词复数形式。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它们由客家人修建，客家人是几个世纪前为躲避战乱而从中国中原迁往南方的一群人。此处是定语从句，先行词是people，指人，从句中缺主语，用关系代词who或that引导。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：福建境内现存数千座土楼，其中龙岩永定区就有1768座。be home to为固定搭配，意为“是……的所在地”。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你是否曾梦想过在土楼里生活一天？spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用动名词形式living。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：盛皇楼，一座位于永定、拥有近四个世纪历史的土楼，如今已改造成酒店。此处泛指“永定的一座土楼”，tulou以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【41题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这座建筑原先的状况很差，如今却被改造成了现代化酒店。空处作谓语，此处描述盛皇楼过去的破败状况，和现在形成对比，用一般过去时；主语condition是单数，用was。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：来自广东深圳的高中生曾杰山独自乘坐四小时火车，前来亲身体验土楼风情。on one’s own为固定搭配，意为“独自”，用he的形容词性物主代词his。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：曾杰山兴奋地说道：“我以前一直以为古建筑大多是寺庙或是故宫这样的皇家宫殿。”空处修饰动词said，要用副词，形容词excited变为副词excitedly，意为“兴奋地”。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：土楼不仅是独特的建筑，更是了解客家人悠久历史与文化的窗口。not only…but also…为固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：走访当地居民、展示土楼生活，是传承客家文化的重要方式。句子谓语是is，此处需要动名词作主语，句首首字母大写。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你校邀请专家做了一场“运动与健康”的讲座。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 讲座内容； 2. 讲座反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Enlightenment Lecture on Sports and Health ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: An Enlightenment Lecture on Sports and Health Last weekend, our school invited an expert to give a lecture themed “Sports and Health”, which was warmly welcomed by all students. In the lecture, the expert introduced scientific exercise skills and explained how sports benefit our physical and mental health. ‌He also showed us several simple stretching moves that we can do between classes to relieve tired eyes and stiff shoulders.‌ He also patiently answered students’ questions about proper exercise in daily life. The lecture was highly praised. All students gained useful knowledge and realized the importance of keeping exercising regularly. It was a meaningful and rewarding activity for everyone. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的身份给校英语报写一篇“运动与健康”讲座的校园报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 专家：expert → specialist 合适的：proper → appropriate 获得：gain → obtain 重要性：importance → significance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：All students gained useful knowledge and realized the importance of keeping exercising regularly. 拓展句：All students who attended the lecture gained useful knowledge, which helped them fully realize the importance of keeping exercising regularly in daily life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last weekend, our school invited an expert to give a lecture themed “Sports and Health”, which was warmly welcomed by all students. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】In the lecture, the expert introduced scientific exercise skills and explained how sports benefit our physical and mental health. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, my father and I decided to go hiking in a deep forest. My father, an experienced hiker, always told me to“leave no trace” and respect nature. However, I was more interested in taking perfect photos for my social media. To me, the forest was just a beautiful background and the animals in it were nothing more than subjects for my camera. On the second day, we found a small, hidden valley. In the center was a clear pond, surrounded by rare flowers. “Look at this!” I cried, immediately leaving the path to get a closer photo. My father warned me to stay on the path, but I was too focused on the photo to hear him. As I moved around the pond, I saw a young deer trapped in some old wire fencing near the bushes. It was struggling hard, its leg bleeding and its eyes full of fear. My first thought was to reach for my camera, not to help. “This will be a great photo,” I whispered to myself. But as I looked through the camera, the deer’s fast breathing and the sight of its wound suddenly hit me. This wasn’t a“photo”; it was a life in pain. My father came up and saw the situation. He didn’t say a word, but his disappointed look made me feel very bad. He immediately knelt down and started working on the wire carefully, but the deer was too frightened and kept kicking, making it dangerous for both of them. I stood there, camera in hand, feeling very ashamed. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I dropped my camera onto the soft grass and moved toward them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we watched the deer disappear into the woods, my father turned to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I dropped my camera onto the soft grass and moved toward them. I knelt down beside my father, trying to calm the trembling deer. Filled with guilt and regret for my earlier selfishness, I did my best to calm the frightened animal. My father worked silently beside me, his focus entirely on freeing the deer, as I realized how thoughtless I had been to prioritize a photo over a living creature’s pain. With our joint efforts, we finally freed the deer, and it quickly stood up, shook off its fear, and ran into the deep forest. As we watched the deer disappear into the woods, my father turned to me. He patted my shoulder softly and told me true love for nature is not about taking perfect photos, but about protecting every living creature quietly. The disappointment that had been in his eyes was gone, replaced by a warm and kind look that made me feel at ease. His gentle words sank deep into my heart, and I finally understood what he had been trying to teach me all along. I looked down at my camera lying on the grass, knowing I no longer needed it to record beautiful moments — some memories are far more precious when kept in the heart, not just in a photo. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一次森林徒步经历为线索展开。去年夏天作者和经验丰富、倡导无痕徒步的父亲去深林远足，起初作者只顾着为社交平台拍美照，后来偶遇被铁丝困住的受伤小鹿，第一反应竟是先拍照，最终在父亲的影响下幡然醒悟，为自己漠视生命的行为深感羞愧。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首可知，第一段可以描写作者放下相机靠近小鹿，内心充满愧疚，和父亲一同安抚、解救受惊小鹿的过程，途中醒悟自己只顾拍照忽视生灵痛苦的过错。 ②由第二段句首可知，第二段可以描写父亲温和开导作者，眼神由失望转为温柔，作者领悟热爱自然的真谛，最后明白珍贵记忆应当珍藏心底而非依靠相机记录，升华文章主旨：爱护生灵才是对自然真正的热爱。 2.续写线索：放下相机走向小鹿——内心愧疚安抚受惊小鹿—— 和父亲合力解救小鹿——小鹿挣脱跑进森林——父亲谈心开导—— 领悟热爱自然的真正含义 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①跪下：kneel down/get down on one’s knees ②释放：free/release 情绪类 ①害怕的：frightened/scared ②爱：love/affection 【点睛】【高分句型1】I knelt down beside my father, trying to calm the trembling deer. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】The disappointment that had been in his eyes was gone, replaced by a warm and kind look that made me feel at ease. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $