Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B (3a～3c) 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语人教版（2024）八年级上册

该初中英语教学设计聚焦蓝鲸说明文阅读与第一人称改写核心知识点，通过蓝鲸图片引导学生讨论已知信息导入课堂，衔接前期略读与精读策略，以3a表格提取体重、栖息地等关键信息为学习支架，过渡到3b第三人称转第一人称的改写训练。 资料特色在于采用任务型阅读法整合阅读输入与写作输出，通过同伴评价法（从人称转换、内容完整等维度互评）提升学生语言转化思维，结合鲸落生态知识渗透文化意识，帮助学生掌握as much as等核心句型，教师可直接使用结构化活动提升课堂效率，助力学生语言能力与生态保护意识同步发展。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B (3a~3c) 教案 —— 阅读写作课：蓝鲸与海洋生态（人教版八年级上册 2026-2027学年） 课题 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B (3a~3c) 学科 英语 年级 八年级 教材版本 人教版（2024） 课时 第 3 课时 课型 阅读写作课 教学方法 任务型阅读法、第一人称改写法、同伴评价法、合作讨论法 教学用具 多媒体课件、黑板、粉笔 教学目标 ①语言能力：掌握blue whale、as much as、up to、lively、ecosystem等核心词汇，读懂蓝鲸说明文，提取关键信息完成表格，能以第一人称改写文本段落。②学习能力：运用略读策略获取主旨，精读策略提取细节信息，掌握第三人称到第一人称的改写技巧（the blue whale→I）。③思维品质：通过分析蓝鲸的生态角色培养归纳思维，结合改写任务培养语言转化思维。④文化意识：了解蓝鲸的生态重要性，增强保护海洋生物和维护生态平衡的意识。 教学重难点 重点：读懂蓝鲸说明文，提取体重、栖息地、食物、寿命和生态角色等关键信息完成3a表格，掌握第三人称到第一人称的改写规则。难点：以第一人称改写完整文本段落，做到人称转换准确（the blue whale→I, it→I, its→my, they→we等）、内容完整、语气亲切自然。 一、教学过程 Step 0 Learning Objectives（学习目标展示）（2 min） 【教师活动】T: Good morning, class! Today we'll learn Section B (3a~3c). Let's look at our learning objectives for today's lesson. 【教师活动】T: 本课学习目标：①以第一人称改写蓝鲸文本段落；②通过阅读理解蓝鲸描述，提取关键信息完成表格；③增强保护海洋生物的意识。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生阅读学习目标，了解本课学习重点：蓝鲸阅读、第一人称改写、海洋生态保护) 【提示】学习目标关联：本课3a表格提取信息与之前所学的阅读策略（略读和精读）紧密关联，3b第一人称改写则是将阅读输入转化为写作输出的重要训练。 【过渡语】学习目标明确，接下来进入热身讨论。 Step 1 Warm-up（Speaking导入）（4~5 min） 【教师活动】T: Now let's start with a speaking activity. What animal is it? Do you know something about it? 【教师活动】T: Look at the picture. This is a blue whale — 蓝鲸. It's the largest animal on earth. What do you know about blue whales? Discuss with your partner. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生观察蓝鲸图片，讨论关于蓝鲸的已知信息：最大动物、生活在海洋、吃小鱼虾等) 【教师活动】T: Good discussions! I can see you know quite a lot about blue whales. Let's see if the text tells us more interesting facts. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生继续讨论，分享各自了解的蓝鲸知识，如蓝鲸的心脏有一辆小汽车那么大等) 【过渡语】热身讨论完成。接下来通过标题和图片预测阅读内容。 Step 2 Pre-reading（标题预测）（2~3 min） 【教师活动】T: Look at the title and the picture below. Guess what the text is about. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生根据标题和图片预测：文本可能是关于蓝鲸的特征、生活习性、生态作用等) 【教师活动】T: Good predictions! Some of you guessed it's about the whale's size, some about its food, and some about its life in the ocean. Let's read and find out. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生分享各自的预测内容，教师简要板书关键词：size, food, home, life, ecosystem) 【知识点】阅读策略——标题预测：通过标题关键词和配图预测文本主题，培养主动阅读的意识。 【过渡语】预测完成。接下来快速阅读，获取文章主旨。 Step 3 Fast Reading（快速阅读获取主旨）（3~4 min） 【教师活动】T: Now let's read the text. Read fast and answer: What's the main idea of the text? You have two minutes. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生快速阅读文本，跳过生词，抓住段落首尾句和关键词，概括主旨) 【学生活动】Ss: (学生概括主旨：The text mainly introduces some facts about blue whales, including their weight, food, lifespan, and their role in the ecosystem.) 【教师活动】T: Excellent! The text introduces blue whales' weight, home, food, lifespan, and their role in the ecosystem. Now let's read carefully and complete the table in Activity 3a. 【知识点】略读策略：快速阅读时，重点关注标题、段落首尾句和关键词（数字、最高级、核心名词），忽略生词细节，快速获取文章主旨大意。 【过渡语】快速阅读完成。接下来精读，完成3a信息表格。 Step 4 3a While-reading（精读完成表格）（6~8 min） 【教师活动】T: Activity 3a — Read the text and complete the table. The table has five categories: Weight, Home, Food, Lifespan, and Role in the ecosystem. 【教师活动】T: Let's check the answers one by one. First, Weight: As much as 200 tons. "as much as" means 多达/高达. 【教师活动】T: Second, Home: All oceans except the Arctic Ocean. 北冰洋 is "the Arctic Ocean" in English. "except" means 除...之外. 【教师活动】T: Third, Food: Some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. "tiny" means 微小的, "tiniest" is the superlative form — 最微小的. 【教师活动】T: Fourth, Lifespan: Up to 90 years. "up to" means 最多/高达. And fifth, Role: Become food for many sea animals when dying and help create a lively and healthy ecosystem. "lively" means 生机勃勃的, "ecosystem" means 生态系统. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生逐一核对3a表格答案，标记有疑问的部分) 【教师活动】T: Now let's read the table answers together. Weight: As much as 200 tons; Home: All oceans except the Arctic Ocean; Food: Some of the tiniest animals; Lifespan: Up to 90 years; Role: Become food, help create ecosystem. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生齐读3a表格答案，巩固关键信息：体重200吨、除北冰洋外所有海洋、海洋中最微小的动物、最长90年、死后成为其他海洋动物的食物帮助创造生机勃勃的生态系统) 【知识点】3a表格重点信息归纳：①Weight（体重）—as much as 200 tons（多达200吨），as much as表示"多达/高达"；②Home（栖息地）—all oceans except the Arctic Ocean（除北冰洋外所有海洋），except表示"除...之外"；③Food（食物）—some of the tiniest animals in the ocean（海洋中最微小的动物），tiniest是tiny的最高级；④Lifespan（寿命）—up to 90 years（最长90年），up to表示"最多/高达"；⑤Role（生态角色）—死后成为海洋动物的食物，帮助创造生机勃勃的生态系统，lively（生机勃勃的）、ecosystem（生态系统）。 【提示】阅读策略：完成信息表格时，先浏览表格各列标题，再有针对性地回到原文定位对应信息。注意数字、比较级和最高级关键词（as much as, up to, tiniest）。 【过渡语】表格完成。接下来进入3b，学习以第一人称改写文本。 Step 5 3b First Person Rewrite（第一人称改写讲解）（6~8 min） 【教师活动】T: Activity 3b — Imagine you are a blue whale. Use the first person to rewrite the first paragraph. First, let's learn how to change third person to first person. 【教师活动】T: Look at this example. Original: "The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons." → Rewrite: "I am the largest and heaviest animal on earth. I can weigh as much as 200 tons." Do you see the changes? The blue whale → I, is → am, It → I. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生学习第三人称到第一人称的改写规则：the blue whale→I, is→am, it→I, its→my, they→we, their→our, are→are) 【教师活动】T: Let's practice with more examples. "The blue whale lives in all oceans." → "I live in all oceans." "Its favourite food is tiny animals." → "My favourite food is tiny animals." Can you see the pattern? 【学生活动】Ss: (学生跟读更多改写示例，体会人称转换规律：The blue whale→I, Its→My, lives→live) 【教师活动】T: Now use the template to complete your writing. The template gives you five parts to fill in: 描述自身情况和体重、从蓝鲸角度说喜欢游泳、说明生存区域、阐述食物喜好、阐述食量。 【教师活动】T: You have about five minutes to write. Please use the information from the 3a table to help you. Remember to change all third-person words to first-person. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生根据3a表格信息和写作模板，完成3b第一人称改写，注意人称转换准确、内容完整、语气亲切) 【教师活动】T: While you are writing, I'll walk around and check. If you have any questions, raise your hand. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生独立完成改写，部分学生向教师请教人称转换的具体问题，如they变成we还是I) 【知识点】人称转换规则归纳：①the blue whale → I（主语转换）；②is → am（be动词随人称变化）；③it/its → I/my（代词转换）；④they/their → we/our（复数人称转换）；⑤动词时态不变，仍用一般现在时。写作模板结构：Hello everyone! My name is Billy the Blue Whale. I am ___(自身情况)___ I'm heavy, but I love ___(喜欢游泳)___ I live in ___(生存区域)___ My favourite food is ___(食物)___ I can eat ___(食量)___. 【提示】改写注意事项：①人称转换要彻底，不要遗漏任何the blue whale/it/its；②be动词要随人称变化：is→am, are→are；③保持内容完整，不要遗漏表格中的任何一个信息；④语气要亲切自然，像在和朋友介绍自己。 【过渡语】改写规则讲解完毕。接下来学生独立写作并分享。 Step 6 Sharing & 3c（分享与同伴评价）（6~8 min） 【教师活动】T: Share your writing in class. 注意读的时候，要带着"自己就是蓝鲸"的感觉，语气亲切，像和朋友介绍自己一样。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生以蓝鲸的身份朗读自己的改写作品，注意语气亲切自然，像在做自我介绍) 【教师活动】T: Very good! I like how you used "I" and "my" in your writing. Let's listen to a few more classmates. 【学生活动】Ss: (2-3名学生轮流朗读自己的改写作品，全班同学认真倾听，学习优秀表达) 【教师活动】T: Let's read a possible version together. "Hello everyone! My name is Billy the Blue Whale. I am the largest and heaviest animal on earth. I can weigh as much as 200 tons. I'm heavy, but I love swimming. I live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. My favourite food is some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. I can eat around four tons of these tiny animals a day." 【教师活动】T: Activity 3c — 按照以下维度，完成改写后先自查。再和同伴交流，互相评价、提建议。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生按照评价维度自查：①人称转换是否准确 ②内容是否完整 ③语言是否正确 ④语气是否亲切自然，然后同伴互评互改) 【知识点】同伴评价维度：①人称转换准确性—the blue whale→I, is→am, it→I, its→my是否全部转换；②内容完整性—体重/栖息地/食物/寿命/生态角色是否全部包含；③语言准确性—语法正确、拼写无误；④语气自然度—读起来是否像在做自我介绍。 【过渡语】分享和评价完成。接下来学习完整范文并思考蓝鲸保护。 Step 7 Full Version & Think（完整范文与深度思考）（5~6 min） 【教师活动】T: Now let's read the full possible version. This time, it includes the second paragraph about the whale's role in the ecosystem and a call for protection. 【教师活动】T: 范文第二段：I can live up to 90 years. When I die at sea, I become food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. I play an important role in the world, so please protect me! 【学生活动】Ss: (学生学习完整范文，注意第二段人称转换：they→I, their→my，结尾增加呼吁保护的句子"I play an important role in the world, so please protect me!") 【教师活动】T: Now compare this full version with your own writing. What information did you include? What did you miss? This is a great opportunity to learn from the full version. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生对比自己的改写与完整范文，找出遗漏的信息点，如寿命、生态角色等，在范文旁边做标记) 【教师活动】T: Protect Our Ocean, Protect Our Future! 蓝鲸是海洋生态系统中不可或缺的一部分。蓝鲸死后身体成为其他海洋动物的食物，持续一年多，帮助创造生机勃勃的生态系统。所以保护蓝鲸就是保护海洋，保护海洋就是保护我们的未来。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生理解蓝鲸的生态价值：蓝鲸死后成为"鲸落"（whale fall），为深海生物提供食物来源，维持海洋生态平衡) 【知识点】蓝鲸生态价值：①蓝鲸死后身体沉入海底成为"鲸落"（whale fall），为数十种深海生物提供食物和栖息地，持续数十年；②鲸落是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分，帮助维持生物多样性；③蓝鲸在活着时通过粪便为浮游植物提供营养，促进光合作用。参考表达：become food for... / help create a lively and healthy ecosystem / play an important role in the world / Protect Our Ocean, Protect Our Future。 【过渡语】范文学习和深度思考完成。接下来进行汉译英练习。 Step 8 Translation Practice（汉译英练习）（4~5 min） 【教师活动】T: Let's do a translation exercise. Translate the following Chinese passage into English. 【教师活动】T: 中文：非洲象是地球上最大、最强壮的陆地动物之一。它的重量可达7吨。非洲象可以活到70岁。非洲象在我们的世界中发挥重要作用，所以我们必须保护它们。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生独立完成汉译英翻译，注意运用本课核心句型) 【教师活动】T: English version: The African elephant is one of the largest and strongest land animals on earth. It can weigh as much as 7 tons. African elephants can live up to 70 years. African elephants play an important role in our world, so we must protect them. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生翻译并核对：注意one of the...结构、as much as表达重量、up to表达寿命、play an important role in固定搭配) 【教师活动】T: Notice how these sentence patterns are very similar to what we used for blue whales. "one of the largest...", "as much as...", "up to...", "play an important role in..." — these are very useful patterns for describing animals. 【知识点】汉译英重点句型：①one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词（最...之一的）；②as much as + 数字（多达...）；③up to + 数字（最多/高达...）；④play an important role in...（在...中发挥重要作用）。这些句型在蓝鲸和非洲象的描述中反复出现，是本课核心句型。 【提示】汉译英技巧：先找出中文句中的核心句型（one of the...、as much as、up to、play an important role in），再确定主语和时态（一般现在时），最后检查人称和数的一致性。 Step 9 Summary & Homework（2~3 min） 【教师活动】T: Let's summarize. Today we read about blue whales and learned how to rewrite a text from third person to first person. We also learned about whales' important role in the ocean ecosystem. 【教师活动】T: First, we used fast reading to find the main idea. Then we read carefully and completed the 3a table with five key facts about blue whales: weight, home, food, lifespan, and role. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生回顾本课阅读部分：快速阅读获取主旨、精读完成信息表格) 【教师活动】T: Next, we learned how to rewrite the text from third person to first person. We practiced changing "the blue whale" to "I", "is" to "am", "it/its" to "I/my". We also shared our writing and evaluated each other's work. 【学生活动】Ss: (学生回顾本课写作部分：第一人称改写规则、写作分享、同伴评价) 【教师活动】T: Finally, we discussed the importance of blue whales in the ocean ecosystem and practiced translation using key sentence patterns. 【教师活动】T: Homework: 1. 根据评价指标，完善课堂3c写作，形成一篇完整的短文。2. 思考我们可以做些什么保护蓝鲸，下节课分享。 【学生活动】Ss: (学生记录作业要求) 【教师活动】T: For homework item 1, make sure your writing includes both paragraphs and all the information from the table. For item 2, think about reducing ocean pollution, supporting whale protection organizations, or spreading awareness. 【知识点】本课总结：①蓝鲸核心信息—200吨、除北冰洋外所有海洋、吃最小海洋动物、寿命90年、死后创造生态；②人称改写规则—the blue whale→I, is→am, it/its→I/my；③核心句型—as much as, up to, one of the..., play an important role in；④蓝鲸生态价值—鲸落为深海生物提供食物，维持海洋生态平衡；⑤保护意识—Protect Our Ocean, Protect Our Future。 二、板书设计（三栏式） 3a 蓝鲸信息表 3b 人称改写规则 核心句型 Weight: as much as 200 tons Home: all oceans except the Arctic Ocean Food: the tiniest animals Lifespan: up to 90 years Role: become food, help create ecosystem the blue whale → I is → am it/its → I/my they/their → we/our 保持一般现在时 语气亲切自然 one of the + 最高级 + 复数 as much as + 数字 up to + 数字 play an important role in Protect Our Ocean 核心词汇： blue whale 蓝鲸 as much as 多达/高达 up to 最多/高达 tiny 微小的 tiniest 最微小的 lively 生机勃勃的 ecosystem 生态系统 except 除...之外 改写注意事项： 人称转换要彻底 be动词随人称变化 内容不遗漏 语气亲切自然 像和朋友介绍自己 蓝鲸生态价值： 鲸落 whale fall 为深海生物提供食物 维持海洋生态平衡 呼吁保护： Protect Our Ocean Protect Our Future Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B (3a~3c) 阅读写作课 — 蓝鲸与海洋生态 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $