Unit 1 Here and Now 核心语法之现在进行时（描述此时此刻正在进行的动作）-2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）七年级英语上册
2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）七年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练
（新教材）Unit 1 Here and Now
核心语法：现在进行时（描述此时此刻正在进行的动作）
一、核心概念
现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作。它强调动作的“进行中”，即说话的那一刻动作正在发生。
核心含义： “正在做……”
时间轴理解：
二、基本结构
构成：am/is/are + 现在分词（V-ing）
主语 | 肯定式 | 否定式 | 疑问式 |
I | am working | am not working | Am I working? |
He/She/It | is working | is not working | Is he working? |
You/We/They | are working | are not working | Are you working? |
缩略形式：
肯定：I'm, he's, she's, it's, we're, you're, they're
否定：I'm not, he isn't / he's not, they aren't / they're not
三、现在分词的构成规则
规则 | 原形 | V-ing | 记忆要点 |
一般情况直接 +ing | read, play, study | reading, playing, studying | 大多数动词 |
规则 | 原形 | V-ing | 记忆要点 |
以不发音 e 结尾，去 e +ing | write, come, dance | writing, coming, dancing | 去掉 e 再加 ing |
重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音 +ing | sit, run, swim, begin | sitting, running, swimming, beginning | 辅+元+辅，双写末尾辅音 |
以 ie 结尾，变 ie 为 y +ing | lie, die | lying, dying | ie → y + ing |
以 y 结尾（非 ie） | play, enjoy | playing, enjoying | 直接 +ing |
常见重读闭音节动词：
run, sit, swim, put, get, stop, begin, shop, plan, cut
四、此时此刻正在进行的动作（核心用法）
1. 用于描述此刻正在发生的动作
常用于回答“What are you doing?”或描述现场情况。
What are you doing now? （你现在在做什么？）
I am reading a book.（我正在看书。）
She is singing at the moment.（她此刻正在唱歌。）
Listen! Someone is playing the piano.（听！有人在弹钢琴。）
Look! The children are dancing.（看！孩子们正在跳舞。）
2. 现在进行时的标志词
标志词 | 含义 | 位置 | 例句 |
now | 现在 | 句首或句末 | Now I am reading. / I am reading now. |
at the moment | 此刻 | 句末 | She is singing at the moment. |
right now | 此刻 | 句末 | They are leaving right now. |
Listen! / Look! | 听！/看！ | 句首 | Listen! Someone is crying. |
Be quiet! / Don't talk! | 安静！/别说话！ | 句首 | Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. |
3. 句型转换
肯定句变否定句： 在 be 动词后加 not
I am reading. → I am not reading.
She is dancing. → She is not / isn't dancing.
肯定句变一般疑问句： 将 be 动词提到主语前
I am reading. → Am I reading?
She is dancing. → Is she dancing?
肯定句变特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be + 主语 + V-ing？
I am reading a book. → What are you reading?
She is singing in the room. → Where is she singing?
五、现在进行时 vs 一般现在时
这是七年级最重要的易混点之一。
对比维度 | 现在进行时 | 一般现在时 |
时间焦点 | 此时此刻 | 通常情况或经常性 |
动作性质 | 暂时性、进行中 | 习惯性、反复发生 |
典型时间状语 | now, at the moment | often, always, usually, every day |
典型疑问 | What are you doing? | What do you usually do? |
对比例句：
He is eating lunch now.（他正在吃午饭。）→ 此刻
He eats lunch at 12:00 every day.（他每天12点吃午饭。）→ 习惯
六、易错点与难点突破
1. be 动词的选择
❌ I is reading.
❌ She are dancing.
✅ I am reading. / She is dancing.
2. 忘记加 -ing
❌ I am read a book.