专题04 动词时态（一）（讲义）-【2027年新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年江苏省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣江苏省职教高考中职英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年江苏省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》的第4个专题，内容为动词时态（一）。 【2027年新考纲】江苏省（职教高考） 《英语一轮讲练测》 专题04 动词时态（一） 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 一般现在时 即时训练 考点2 一般过去时 即时训练 考点3 一般将来时 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 江苏省近六年中职职教高考统计（题号） 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 2026年 一般将来时基本用法 掌握will/shall do、be going to do以及表示计划安排的将来表达；能根据tomorrow, next..., soon, in+一段时间等时间状语判断将来动作，区分临时决定、计划打算和客观趋势。 （8） （1） 三种基本时态综合运用 一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时常融入完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空和书面表达，要求结合语篇时间线、人物活动、通知要求和职业场景综合判断；训练时应关注时态一致、谓语形式和上下文逻辑。 （8） （1） 从江苏省近六年中职职教高考英语真题来看，一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时是动词时态复习中的基础板块，虽然旧真题中直接以单项选择形式考查这三类时态的题量不如进行时、完成时集中，但它们始终贯穿语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解和书面表达。命题重点通常不在机械背诵结构，而在根据时间状语、上下文语境、动作发生顺序和职业生活场景判断谓语动词形式。一般现在时多用于客观事实、习惯动作、规章制度和应用文表达；一般过去时多用于过去经历、事件叙述和阅读语篇中的时间线；一般将来时多用于计划安排、通知、建议、预测和写作表达。备考时应把三类时态放在真实语境中比较训练，重点掌握谓语结构、常见标志词、句式转换和写作迁移，避免只按中文意思直接套用时态。 【考点1 一般现在时】 一、一般现在时的结构 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词（表示存在的状态） 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 其他 I am a student. 我是一名学生。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他 I am not a student. 我不是一名学生。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. Are you a student? 你是学生吗？ -- Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 表示经常发生的动作（含有实义动词） 肯定句 主语 + 动词（原形/三单形式） + … I get up early every morning. 我每天早上早起。 He gets up early every morning. 他每天早上早起。 否定句 主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + … I don't get up early every morning. 我没有每天早上早起。 He doesn't get up early every morning. 他没有每天早上早起。 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t. Do you get up early every morning? 你每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Does he get up early every morning? 他每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 二、一般现在时的标志词 1.every系列 2.频度副词系列：always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never 三、动词第三人称单数的变化规则 规则 例句 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s play → plays 玩 work → works工作 live → lives居住 like → likes喜欢 以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的动词，在后面加-es watch → watches观看 teach → teaches教 wash → washes洗 brush → brushes刷 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es study → studies学习 carry → carries携带 fly → flies飞 try → tries尝试 特殊变化单独记 have → has有 be → is是 四、主语视为第三人称单数的情况 情况 例句 人称代词he、she、it He plays football every day.他每天踢足球。 She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。 单个人名、地名或称呼 Tom likes reading books.汤姆喜欢读书。 Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。 可数名词单数 The cat sleeps on the sofa.猫在沙发上睡觉。 A bird flies in the sky.一只鸟在天空中飞。 不定代词 Everyone is here.所有人都到齐了。 Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了点问题。 指示代词 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。 That looks interesting.那个看起来很有趣。 不可数名词 Water boils at 100℃.水在 100℃沸腾。 Music makes me happy.音乐让我开心。 单个数字或字母 Five is an odd number.5 是奇数。 “A” is the first letter.“A” 是第一个字母。 五、一般现在时的用法 用法 例句 表示现在的情况、状态或特征 He is a student. 他是一个学生。 I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。 表示经常性、习惯性的动作，常跟often, sometimes, usually, always, every day, every week等连用 He always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。 She often reads books in the morning. 她经常在早上读书。 表示客观事实和普遍真理 The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中经常用一般现在时来表示将要发生的事情，即“主将从现”原则。if 如果；as soon as 一...就 when 当...时；unless 除非 until 直到...才 I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. 我一到机场就会给你打电话。 He will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，他就去公园。 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The notice says that each visitor ______ a digital pass before entering the training hall. A. show B. shows C. showed D. has shown 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般现在时第三人称单数。notice says 引出规定性内容，each visitor 是单数主语，谓语用 shows。易错点是把 entering 看成现在进行而误选其他形式。 2. If the machine ______ during practice tomorrow, the instructor will stop the task at once. A. breaks down B. will break down C. broke down D. is breaking down 【答案】A 【解析】考查主将从现。if 引导条件状语从句，主句 will stop 表将来，从句用一般现在时；machine 单数，break 用三单 breaks。 3. In this museum, a blue light usually ______ when the temperature in the storage room rises too quickly. A. flashes B. flashed C. is flashing D. has flashed 【答案】A 【解析】考查习惯性动作。usually 表反复发生，a blue light 是单数主语，用 flashes。 4. Neither the guide nor the two assistants ______ where the spare keys are kept unless the manager tells them. A. knows B. know C. knew D. will know 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般现在时与就近原则。neither...nor...连接主语时，谓语通常与较近主语 two assistants 保持一致，因此用 know。 5. The online form ______ personal information automatically, so applicants do not need to type it twice. A. saved B. is saving C. saves D. has saved 【答案】C 【解析】考查功能说明中的一般现在时。句子说明表格的一般功能，form 为单数，用 saves。 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At a river-port visitor center, an English service board (1)______ (stand) beside the ticket window every morning, and it explains how passengers can change routes when fog delays a boat. Last Friday, however, the usual plan (2)______ (not work) because a sudden power cut stopped the electronic screen. While the clerk (3)______ (write) temporary notices by hand, two students from a vocational class were helping elderly passengers who had difficulty reading small print. By the time the backup battery arrived, the first notice (4)______ (copy) more than twenty times and several passengers had already changed their tickets. The teacher, who was observing the service task, said that the class (5)______ (review) the whole process the next day. Since the new semester began, the students (6)______ (take) part in three public-service practices, and their English instructions have become much clearer. Tomorrow, a shorter bilingual guide (7)______ (put) near the gate so that visitors can see it before they queue. If heavy fog (8)______ (return), the team will use paper signs first. The more carefully a time clue is read, the (9)______ (easy) it becomes to choose the correct verb form. This example also shows that a tense (10)______ (tell) readers not only when an action happens but also how actions are connected. 【答案】1. stands; 2. did not work; 3. was writing; 4. had been copied; 5. would review; 6. have taken; 7. will be put; 8. returns; 9. easier; 10. tells 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍河港游客中心的英文服务提示任务，综合考查一般现在时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时被动、过去将来时、现在完成时、一般将来时被动和主将从现。 【解析】1. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 2. 考查一般过去时否定。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 3. 考查过去进行时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 4. 考查过去完成时被动。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 5. 考查过去将来时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 6. 考查现在完成时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 7. 考查一般将来时被动。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 8. 考查主将从现。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 9. 考查比较级。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 10. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 【考点2 一般过去时】 一、一般过去时的结构 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词（表示过去存在的状态） 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 I was a student. 我曾是一名学生。 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其他 I was not a student. 我当时并非学生。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + was/were + not. Were you a student? 你是学生吗？ -- Yes, I was. / No, I was not. 表示过去经常发生的动作（含有实义动词） 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式（ed） + … I got up early yesterday morning. 我昨天早上早起。 He got up early yesterday morning. 他昨天早上早起。 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + … I didn't get up early yesterday morning. 我昨天早上没有早起。 He didn't get up early yesterday morning. 他昨天早上没有早起。 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. Did you get up early yesterday morning? 你昨天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. Did he get up early every morning? 他每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, he did. / No, he didn't. 二、一般过去时的标志词 1.含有yesterday的短语：yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天); yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 2.含有last的短语：last week(上周);last year(上年);last Friday(上周五) 3.含有ago的短语：a minute ago; two years ago(两年前) 4.in＋过去的年份：in 2011；in 2019... 5.其他: the other day(前几天), just now(刚刚), once upon a time(以前、从前) 三、规则动词的过去式变化规则 规则 例句 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-ed play → played 玩 work → worked工作 以e结尾，在后面加-d dance → danced跳舞 live → lived居住 like → liked喜欢 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed study → studied学习 carry → carried携带 fly → flied飞 try → tried尝试 以重读闭音节或重读r音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加­ed admit→admitted 允许 prefer→preferred 更喜欢 stop→stopped 停止 plan→planned 计划 refer→referred 参考，涉及，提到 特殊变化单独记 have → had有 be → was/were是 四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，其变化虽无规则，但有一定的规律。 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The visitors ______ the old fire station twice last month, but they still wanted to read more about its history. A. have visited B. visited C. were visiting D. had visited 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时。last month 是明确过去时间，动作发生并结束，用 visited。 2. When the repair record was checked, the worker found that he ______ the wrong date just now. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. was writing 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时。just now 指刚才，write 的过去式为 wrote。 3. The community kitchen ______ open until ten during last year's summer festival. A. stays B. has stayed C. stayed D. was staying 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去状态。during last year's summer festival 是过去时间范围，stay open 表保持开放，用 stayed。 4. Did the students ______ the broken labels before the exhibition opened? A. replace B. replaced C. replacing D. had replaced 【答案】A 【解析】考查 did 后接动词原形。一般疑问句已有 Did，后面用 replace。 5. The chef ______ the soup because the guests said it was too salty. A. remakes B. remade C. has remade D. was remaking 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时。said 是过去叙述，remake 的过去式为 remade。 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a community clinic, a digital booking system usually (1)______ (send) a reminder to patients two hours before their appointments, which helps nurses prepare records in advance. Last Monday, the system (2)______ (fail) for nearly half an hour after a storm damaged a cable outside the building. When Mrs. Chen reached the desk, the nurse (3)______ (check) a paper list while another worker was calling patients whose numbers could not be displayed. Before the repairman found the broken cable, more than thirty records (4)______ (arrange) by hand. The head nurse explained that the clinic (5)______ (use) this system since 2024, but staff members still needed a backup plan. She also told the students who were visiting from a health-care major that they (6)______ (learn) how to write clear English reminders the following week. Tomorrow, a new notice (7)______ (show) patients how to confirm their time without standing in a long line. If the network (8)______ (be) slow again, volunteers will guide elderly patients to the paper forms. The clinic has already improved several details, and the waiting area (9)______ (become) quieter recently. A good service text (10)______ (make) time, order and responsibility clear to everyone who reads it. 【答案】1. sends; 2. failed; 3. was checking; 4. had been arranged; 5. has used; 6. would learn; 7. will show; 8. is; 9. has become; 10. makes 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍社区诊所预约系统故障后的服务安排，综合考查一般现在时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时被动、现在完成时、过去将来时和条件状语从句。 【解析】1. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 2. 考查一般过去时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 3. 考查过去进行时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 4. 考查过去完成时被动。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 5. 考查现在完成时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 6. 考查过去将来时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 7. 考查一般将来时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 8. 考查主将从现。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 9. 考查现在完成时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 10. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 【考点3 一般将来时】 一、一般将来时的结构 分类 结构 例句 Be going to+do 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + going to+其他 It is going to rain. 将要下雨了。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not +going to+ 其他 It’s not going to rain.. 将不会下雨。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 +going to+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. Is it going to rain? 将会下雨吗？ -- Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Will+do 肯定句 主语 + will/shall+动词原形 +其他 We will have a party next Sunday. 下周日我们将举办一个派对。 否定句 主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形 + … We will not have a party next Sunday. 下周日我们将不会举办一个派对。 一般疑问句 Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 +will. 否定回答：No, 主语 + will not. Will you have a party next Sunday? 下周日你们将举办一个派对吗？ -- Yes, we will. / No, we won't. 注意： be+Ving（coming、going/arriving/leaving 等谓语动词）现在进行表将来 The bus is coming. 公共汽车即将到来了。 二、一般将来时的标志词 1.含有tomorrow的短语：the day after tomorrow后天tomorrow morning明天早上 2.含有next的短语：next day/week/month/ year... 3.in+时间段：in an hour一小时后；in a few days 几天后 4.其他:soon不久之后；tonight今晚；before long不久之后；some day将来某一天,in the future将来, this weekend 这周末 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The weather report says a cold wave ______ the riverside market tomorrow night, so the stalls are being covered now. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. has reached 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般将来时。tomorrow night 表将来预测，用 will reach。 2. Look at the dark smoke near the machine room. The alarm ______ soon if nobody checks it. A. went off B. is going to go off C. has gone off D. goes off 【答案】B 【解析】考查 be going to 表明显迹象。dark smoke 提供现在可见迹象，说明警报很可能要响。 3. There ______ a new self-service desk beside the clinic next month. A. has B. will have C. will be D. is 【答案】C 【解析】考查 there be 的将来结构。there will be 表将有，不能写 there will have。 4. The group ______ for Suzhou early tomorrow morning because the interview starts before noon. A. is leaving B. left C. has left D. leaves 【答案】A 【解析】考查位移动词现在进行时表将来。leave 可用于进行时表示已安排的近未来动作。 5. As soon as the final list ______ ready, the teacher will send it to the printing room. A. will be B. is C. was D. has been 【答案】B 【解析】考查主将从现。as soon as 引导时间状语从句，主句 will send，从句用一般现在时 is。 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small science museum near the old railway station (1)______ (open) at nine every day, but its most popular gallery is often checked much earlier because the models inside are easily damaged. Yesterday, before a group of junior visitors arrived, the guide (2)______ (notice) that one moving bridge model was making a strange sound. While she (3)______ (record) the problem on a tablet, a student assistant was comparing the sound with a note that the engineer had left. By ten o'clock, the model (4)______ (stop) twice, so the guide decided to close that corner for safety. She said the engineer (5)______ (come) in the afternoon and that the activity sheet would be changed if the repair took too long. Since the gallery opened last year, thousands of students (6)______ (learn) how bridges carry weight through small experiments. A new warning card (7)______ (place) beside each model next week, and visitors will be asked to read it before touching any button. If a child (8)______ (press) two buttons at the same time, the model will shut down automatically. The museum is also designing longer English explanations, which (9)______ (help) students connect science words with real objects. In this passage, each tense (10)______ (show) whether the action is a routine, a past event, a process or a future arrangement. 【答案】1. opens; 2. noticed; 3. was recording; 4. had stopped; 5. would come; 6. have learned; 7. will be placed; 8. presses; 9. will help; 10. shows 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学博物馆模型维护和英文提示设计，综合考查一般现在时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成时、一般将来时被动和主将从现。 【解析】1. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 2. 考查一般过去时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 3. 考查过去进行时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 4. 考查过去完成时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 5. 考查过去将来时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 6. 考查现在完成时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 7. 考查一般将来时被动。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 8. 考查主将从现。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 9. 考查一般将来时。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 10. 考查一般现在时第三人称单数。依据是本句时间线、主语单复数、主动被动关系和上下文衔接共同限定答案；易错点是只看局部时间词，忽视整个语篇的参照时间。 1. （2022年江苏真题 第8题）Wait here ________ a moment. Professor Johnson will be back ________ 10 minutes. A. for; in B. at; within C. to; for D. in; on 【答案】A 【解析】考查介词辨析及时态语境。句意：在这里稍等一下。约翰逊教授10分钟后回来。for + 一段时间表示“持续一段时间”，常用于表示动作持续；in + 一段时间表示“在……之后”，常与一般将来时连用。句中 “Professor Johnson will be back ... 10 minutes” 使用 will be back，表示将来动作，因此第二空用 in。故选 A。 2. （2024年江苏真题 第1题）An expert, together with some assistants, ________ for Nanjing to help in this work next week. A. has left B. have left C. is leaving D. are leaving 【答案】C 【解析】考查谓语动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：一位专家和几位助手将于下周前往南京协助这项工作。结合时间状语 “next week” 可知，该句表示将来动作。leave 为趋向性动词，可用现在进行时表示按计划即将发生的将来动作，即 be doing 表将来。主语中心词是 “An expert”，together with some assistants 不影响谓语单复数，因此 be 动词用 is。故选 C。 3. （2026年江苏真题 第2题）Jack ________ with his cat in the yard when Tom found him. A. is playing B. played C. was playing D. plays 【答案】C 【解析】本题直接考查过去进行时，但选项中包含一般现在时 plays 和一般过去时 played，可作为三种基本时态辨析的延伸素材。句意：当汤姆找到杰克时，他正在院子里和他的猫玩耍。句中 “when Tom found him” 表示过去的具体时间点，主句动作在该时间点正在进行，应使用过去进行时 was playing。A项 is playing 是现在进行时，时间不符；B项 played 是一般过去时，只表示过去发生过，不能突出“当时正在进行”；D项 plays 是一般现在时，表示习惯或事实，语境不符。故选 C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年江苏省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣江苏省职教高考中职英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年江苏省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》的第4个专题，内容为动词时态（一）。 【2027年新考纲】江苏省（职教高考） 《英语一轮讲练测》 专题04 动词时态（一） 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 一般现在时 即时训练 考点2 一般过去时 即时训练 考点3 一般将来时 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 江苏省近六年中职职教高考统计（题号） 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 2026年 一般将来时基本用法 掌握will/shall do、be going to do以及表示计划安排的将来表达；能根据tomorrow, next..., soon, in+一段时间等时间状语判断将来动作，区分临时决定、计划打算和客观趋势。 （8） （1） 三种基本时态综合运用 一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时常融入完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空和书面表达，要求结合语篇时间线、人物活动、通知要求和职业场景综合判断；训练时应关注时态一致、谓语形式和上下文逻辑。 （8） （1） 从江苏省近六年中职职教高考英语真题来看，一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时是动词时态复习中的基础板块，虽然旧真题中直接以单项选择形式考查这三类时态的题量不如进行时、完成时集中，但它们始终贯穿语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解和书面表达。命题重点通常不在机械背诵结构，而在根据时间状语、上下文语境、动作发生顺序和职业生活场景判断谓语动词形式。一般现在时多用于客观事实、习惯动作、规章制度和应用文表达；一般过去时多用于过去经历、事件叙述和阅读语篇中的时间线；一般将来时多用于计划安排、通知、建议、预测和写作表达。备考时应把三类时态放在真实语境中比较训练，重点掌握谓语结构、常见标志词、句式转换和写作迁移，避免只按中文意思直接套用时态。 【考点1 一般现在时】 一、一般现在时的结构 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词（表示存在的状态） 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 其他 I am a student. 我是一名学生。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他 I am not a student. 我不是一名学生。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. Are you a student? 你是学生吗？ -- Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 表示经常发生的动作（含有实义动词） 肯定句 主语 + 动词（原形/三单形式） + … I get up early every morning. 我每天早上早起。 He gets up early every morning. 他每天早上早起。 否定句 主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + … I don't get up early every morning. 我没有每天早上早起。 He doesn't get up early every morning. 他没有每天早上早起。 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t. Do you get up early every morning? 你每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Does he get up early every morning? 他每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 二、一般现在时的标志词 1.every系列 2.频度副词系列：always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never 三、动词第三人称单数的变化规则 规则 例句 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s play → plays 玩 work → works工作 live → lives居住 like → likes喜欢 以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的动词，在后面加-es watch → watches观看 teach → teaches教 wash → washes洗 brush → brushes刷 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es study → studies学习 carry → carries携带 fly → flies飞 try → tries尝试 特殊变化单独记 have → has有 be → is是 四、主语视为第三人称单数的情况 情况 例句 人称代词he、she、it He plays football every day.他每天踢足球。 She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。 单个人名、地名或称呼 Tom likes reading books.汤姆喜欢读书。 Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。 可数名词单数 The cat sleeps on the sofa.猫在沙发上睡觉。 A bird flies in the sky.一只鸟在天空中飞。 不定代词 Everyone is here.所有人都到齐了。 Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了点问题。 指示代词 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。 That looks interesting.那个看起来很有趣。 不可数名词 Water boils at 100℃.水在 100℃沸腾。 Music makes me happy.音乐让我开心。 单个数字或字母 Five is an odd number.5 是奇数。 “A” is the first letter.“A” 是第一个字母。 五、一般现在时的用法 用法 例句 表示现在的情况、状态或特征 He is a student. 他是一个学生。 I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。 表示经常性、习惯性的动作，常跟often, sometimes, usually, always, every day, every week等连用 He always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。 She often reads books in the morning. 她经常在早上读书。 表示客观事实和普遍真理 The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中经常用一般现在时来表示将要发生的事情，即“主将从现”原则。if 如果；as soon as 一...就 when 当...时；unless 除非 until 直到...才 I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. 我一到机场就会给你打电话。 He will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，他就去公园。 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The notice says that each visitor ______ a digital pass before entering the training hall. A. show B. shows C. showed D. has shown 2. If the machine ______ during practice tomorrow, the instructor will stop the task at once. A. breaks down B. will break down C. broke down D. is breaking down 3. In this museum, a blue light usually ______ when the temperature in the storage room rises too quickly. A. flashes B. flashed C. is flashing D. has flashed 4. Neither the guide nor the two assistants ______ where the spare keys are kept unless the manager tells them. A. knows B. know C. knew D. will know 5. The online form ______ personal information automatically, so applicants do not need to type it twice. A. saved B. is saving C. saves D. has saved 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At a river-port visitor center, an English service board (1)______ (stand) beside the ticket window every morning, and it explains how passengers can change routes when fog delays a boat. Last Friday, however, the usual plan (2)______ (not work) because a sudden power cut stopped the electronic screen. While the clerk (3)______ (write) temporary notices by hand, two students from a vocational class were helping elderly passengers who had difficulty reading small print. By the time the backup battery arrived, the first notice (4)______ (copy) more than twenty times and several passengers had already changed their tickets. The teacher, who was observing the service task, said that the class (5)______ (review) the whole process the next day. Since the new semester began, the students (6)______ (take) part in three public-service practices, and their English instructions have become much clearer. Tomorrow, a shorter bilingual guide (7)______ (put) near the gate so that visitors can see it before they queue. If heavy fog (8)______ (return), the team will use paper signs first. The more carefully a time clue is read, the (9)______ (easy) it becomes to choose the correct verb form. This example also shows that a tense (10)______ (tell) readers not only when an action happens but also how actions are connected. 【考点2 一般过去时】 一、一般过去时的结构 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词（表示过去存在的状态） 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 I was a student. 我曾是一名学生。 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其他 I was not a student. 我当时并非学生。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + was/were + not. Were you a student? 你是学生吗？ -- Yes, I was. / No, I was not. 表示过去经常发生的动作（含有实义动词） 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式（ed） + … I got up early yesterday morning. 我昨天早上早起。 He got up early yesterday morning. 他昨天早上早起。 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + … I didn't get up early yesterday morning. 我昨天早上没有早起。 He didn't get up early yesterday morning. 他昨天早上没有早起。 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. Did you get up early yesterday morning? 你昨天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. Did he get up early every morning? 他每天早上早起吗？ -- Yes, he did. / No, he didn't. 二、一般过去时的标志词 1.含有yesterday的短语：yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天); yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 2.含有last的短语：last week(上周);last year(上年);last Friday(上周五) 3.含有ago的短语：a minute ago; two years ago(两年前) 4.in＋过去的年份：in 2011；in 2019... 5.其他: the other day(前几天), just now(刚刚), once upon a time(以前、从前) 三、规则动词的过去式变化规则 规则 例句 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-ed play → played 玩 work → worked工作 以e结尾，在后面加-d dance → danced跳舞 live → lived居住 like → liked喜欢 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed study → studied学习 carry → carried携带 fly → flied飞 try → tried尝试 以重读闭音节或重读r音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加­ed admit→admitted 允许 prefer→preferred 更喜欢 stop→stopped 停止 plan→planned 计划 refer→referred 参考，涉及，提到 特殊变化单独记 have → had有 be → was/were是 四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，其变化虽无规则，但有一定的规律。 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The visitors ______ the old fire station twice last month, but they still wanted to read more about its history. A. have visited B. visited C. were visiting D. had visited 2. When the repair record was checked, the worker found that he ______ the wrong date just now. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. was writing 3. The community kitchen ______ open until ten during last year's summer festival. A. stays B. has stayed C. stayed D. was staying 4. Did the students ______ the broken labels before the exhibition opened? A. replace B. replaced C. replacing D. had replaced 5. The chef ______ the soup because the guests said it was too salty. A. remakes B. remade C. has remade D. was remaking 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a community clinic, a digital booking system usually (1)______ (send) a reminder to patients two hours before their appointments, which helps nurses prepare records in advance. Last Monday, the system (2)______ (fail) for nearly half an hour after a storm damaged a cable outside the building. When Mrs. Chen reached the desk, the nurse (3)______ (check) a paper list while another worker was calling patients whose numbers could not be displayed. Before the repairman found the broken cable, more than thirty records (4)______ (arrange) by hand. The head nurse explained that the clinic (5)______ (use) this system since 2024, but staff members still needed a backup plan. She also told the students who were visiting from a health-care major that they (6)______ (learn) how to write clear English reminders the following week. Tomorrow, a new notice (7)______ (show) patients how to confirm their time without standing in a long line. If the network (8)______ (be) slow again, volunteers will guide elderly patients to the paper forms. The clinic has already improved several details, and the waiting area (9)______ (become) quieter recently. A good service text (10)______ (make) time, order and responsibility clear to everyone who reads it. 【考点3 一般将来时】 一、一般将来时的结构 分类 结构 例句 Be going to+do 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + going to+其他 It is going to rain. 将要下雨了。 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not +going to+ 其他 It’s not going to rain.. 将不会下雨。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 +going to+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. Is it going to rain? 将会下雨吗？ -- Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Will+do 肯定句 主语 + will/shall+动词原形 +其他 We will have a party next Sunday. 下周日我们将举办一个派对。 否定句 主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形 + … We will not have a party next Sunday. 下周日我们将不会举办一个派对。 一般疑问句 Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 +will. 否定回答：No, 主语 + will not. Will you have a party next Sunday? 下周日你们将举办一个派对吗？ -- Yes, we will. / No, we won't. 注意： be+Ving（coming、going/arriving/leaving 等谓语动词）现在进行表将来 The bus is coming. 公共汽车即将到来了。 二、一般将来时的标志词 1.含有tomorrow的短语：the day after tomorrow后天tomorrow morning明天早上 2.含有next的短语：next day/week/month/ year... 3.in+时间段：in an hour一小时后；in a few days 几天后 4.其他:soon不久之后；tonight今晚；before long不久之后；some day将来某一天,in the future将来, this weekend 这周末 即时训练 基础夯实：单项选择（5题） 1. The weather report says a cold wave ______ the riverside market tomorrow night, so the stalls are being covered now. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. has reached 2. Look at the dark smoke near the machine room. The alarm ______ soon if nobody checks it. A. went off B. is going to go off C. has gone off D. goes off 3. There ______ a new self-service desk beside the clinic next month. A. has B. will have C. will be D. is 4. The group ______ for Suzhou early tomorrow morning because the interview starts before noon. A. is leaving B. left C. has left D. leaves 5. As soon as the final list ______ ready, the teacher will send it to the printing room. A. will be B. is C. was D. has been 能力提升：语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small science museum near the old railway station (1)______ (open) at nine every day, but its most popular gallery is often checked much earlier because the models inside are easily damaged. Yesterday, before a group of junior visitors arrived, the guide (2)______ (notice) that one moving bridge model was making a strange sound. While she (3)______ (record) the problem on a tablet, a student assistant was comparing the sound with a note that the engineer had left. By ten o'clock, the model (4)______ (stop) twice, so the guide decided to close that corner for safety. She said the engineer (5)______ (come) in the afternoon and that the activity sheet would be changed if the repair took too long. Since the gallery opened last year, thousands of students (6)______ (learn) how bridges carry weight through small experiments. A new warning card (7)______ (place) beside each model next week, and visitors will be asked to read it before touching any button. If a child (8)______ (press) two buttons at the same time, the model will shut down automatically. The museum is also designing longer English explanations, which (9)______ (help) students connect science words with real objects. In this passage, each tense (10)______ (show) whether the action is a routine, a past event, a process or a future arrangement. 1. （2022年江苏真题 第8题）Wait here ________ a moment. Professor Johnson will be back ________ 10 minutes. A. for; in B. at; within C. to; for D. in; on 2. （2024年江苏真题 第1题）An expert, together with some assistants, ________ for Nanjing to help in this work next week. A. has left B. have left C. is leaving D. are leaving 3. （2026年江苏真题 第2题）Jack ________ with his cat in the yard when Tom found him. A. is playing B. played C. was playing D. plays 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $