摘要:
**基本信息**
聚焦可数与不可数名词系统训练,以规则归纳为纲、分层题型为目,构建"概念-规则-应用"三阶逻辑体系,提升语言准确表达与语法思维能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|知识回顾|1表|可数名词复数5规则+不规则变化、不可数名词3规则、修饰词区分、量化表达结构、易混名词辨析|从定义分类到规则细化,再到易混区分,形成完整概念链|
|考点夯基|填空15/单选10/完成句子10/句型转换10|单复数转换技巧、修饰词匹配方法、量化表达应用|对应知识回顾规则,分题型强化基础应用|
|综合提升|语法选择2篇20题|语境中名词形式判断、跨知识点综合运用|融合名词与冠词、时态等,提升语用能力|
内容正文:
Unit 3 Food核心语法精练
(可数名词和不可数名词)
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3
二、单项选择 4
三、完成句子 5
四、句型转换 5
6
一、语法选择 6
可数名词和不可数名词
定义
表示人、事物、地点、物品、食物、抽象事物的词,分为可数名词、不可数名词两大类
可数名词
1.不定冠词搭配可数名词单数使用:
· a + 辅音开头单词:a book, a dog
· an + 元音 (a/e/i/o/u) 发音开头单词:an egg, an orange, an apple
2.复数变化规则
规则 1:一般情况直接 +s
desk → desks 桌子 girl → girls 女孩 map → maps 地图
规则 2:s /x/sh /ch 结尾,加 es(读 /ɪz/)
bus → buses 公交车 box → boxes 盒子 brush → brushes 刷子 watch → watches 手表
规则 3:辅音字母 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i + es
city → cities 城市 family → families 家庭 baby → babies 婴儿 补充:元音 + y 直接 + s:boy→boys,toy→toys
规则 4:f /fe 结尾,变 f/fe 为 v 再加 es
knife → knives 小刀 leaf → leaves 树叶 wolf → wolves 狼
特殊:roof-roofs 屋顶,直接加 s
规则 5:o 结尾分两种
有生命(动植物)+es:
potato-potatoes 土豆;tomato-tomatoes 西红柿;hero-heroes 英雄
无生命物品直接 + s:
photo-photos 照片;radio-radios 收音机;zoo-zoos 动物园
3.修饰可数名词专用词:
many 许多、few 很少、a few 一些、several 几个、数字(two three)等
4.不规则复数
man-men 男人 woman-women 女人 child-children 孩子 foot-feet 脚
tooth-teeth 牙齿 mouse-mice 老鼠 fish-fish(鱼,条数不变;种类 fishes)
sheep-sheep 绵羊 deer-deer 鹿
不可数名词
1.规则
· 永远无复数,不能加 s 错:rices /breads 对:rice /bread
· 前面不能直接加 a/an 错:a water 对:a bottle of water
· 谓语动词永远用单数(搭配一般现在三单考点)
The milk is fresh. 牛奶很新鲜。 Some bread is on the table.
2.修饰不可数名词专用词
much 许多、little 几乎没有、a little 一点、some/any(通用)、a lot of = lots of 许多等
3.不可数名词量化表达
不可数名词不能直接数,必须加量词短语 结构:数字 + 量词 (s) + of + 不可数名词 量词随数字变复数,后面名词不变
a cup of tea 一杯茶 /two cups of tea 两杯茶
a glass of juice 一杯果汁 /three glasses of juice
a bottle of water 一瓶水
a piece of bread 一片面包
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a box of milk 一盒牛奶
易混名词区分
· chicken
不可数:鸡肉 I eat chicken every day.
可数:小鸡 two chickens 两只小鸡
· fish
不可数:鱼肉 I like fish.
可数(同种类条数):three fish 三条鱼
可数(不同种类):many fishes 多种鱼
· orange
可数:橙子 an orange
不可数:橙汁 orange juice
· glass 可数:
玻璃杯 a glass
不可数:玻璃(材料)
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Our school has many ________ (club). And I want to join the English club.
2.—How many ________ (goose) can you see on Peter’s uncle’s farm?
—Ten.
3.Look at these ________ (photo) of the farm. You can see many plants in them.
4.Mrs Green’s two ________ (son) are in No.8 Middle School.
5.There are many ________ (holiday) in a year.
6.—What color are the ________ (box)? —They’re yellow.
7.What other ________ (object) can you see?
8.How many ________ (fish) can you see?
9.I need two ________ (tomato) and some bread.
10.My uncle has many ________ (sheep) on his farm.
11.We should brush our ________ (tooth) after meals.
12.These ________ (child) are playing basketball.
13.Two ________ (woman) teachers are talking in front of the classroom.
14.The cat is good at catching ________ (mouse) and other small animals.
15.The shop has all kinds of _________ (brush).
二、单项选择。
16.She has got many new ________ at her new school.
A.friend B.friends C.friend’s D.friends’
17.We take plenty of ________ every day, and we finish these math ________ before dinner.
A.exercise; exercise B.exercises; exercises
C.exercise; exercises D.exercises; exercise
18.There are different ________ in the mountains.
A.sound B.sounds C.sounding D.sounded
19.—Can I help you, madam?
—Yes. I’d like three ________ and two ________.
A.orange; orange juice
B.oranges; boxes of orange juice
C.oranges; box of orange juice
D.oranges; boxes of orange juices
20.—Where are the two big and lively ________ you caught from the river today?
—On the plate now.Help yourself to some ________.
A.fishes; fish B.fishes; fishes C.fish; fish D.fish; fishes
21.How many ________ do you need?
A.milk B.water C.grapes D.tea
22.—What are these?
—They are ________, ________ and ________.
A.mouses; foxs; wolfs B.mice; foxes; wolves
C.mice; foxs; wolves D.mouses; foxes; wolfs
23.They study in the same ________, but in different ________.
A.grades; class B.grade; classes C.grade; class D.grades; classes
24.—May I take your order?
—I’d like a bowl of soup with ________ and ________ in it.
A.carrots; fish B.carrot; fishes
C.carrots; fishes D.carrot; fish
25.Let’s have some________ and ________ after the basketball game.
A.chicken; egg B.chickens; egg C.chickens; eggs D.chicken; eggs
三、完成句子。
26.她的丈夫和两个女儿住在这套公寓里。
Her ________ and two ________ live in this flat.
27.你能看到很多种动物。
You can see many ________ of ________.
28.你想要薯条还是面条搭配你的鸡肉?
Would you like ________ or ________ to go with your chicken?
29.我们应该点一些蔬菜。
We should ________ some ________.
30.他们(大象)是很棒的游泳者。
They are great ________.
31.我们打很多比赛。
We play many ________.
32.快来数一数农场里有多少头奶牛。
Let’s ________ how many ________ there are on the farm.
33.吃太多甜食会导致牙齿问题。
Eating too many ________ ________ can cause tooth problems.
34.Ella有多少只兔子在院子里?
________ ________ ________ does Ella have ?
35.这儿有一些我家乡的漂亮照片。
Here _________ some nice _________ of my hometown.
四、句型转换。
36.This is an apple tree. (改为复数句)
________ ________ apple trees.
37.There is a tree in the garden. (改为复数句)
There ________ ________ ________ in the garden.
38.I’d like a cup of coffee.(变为复数句)
We’d like some ________ of ________.
39.He works in that factory. (改为复数形式)
They work in ________ ________.
40.I am doing a history project on France. (改为复数形式)
We ________ doing some history ________ on France.
41.A book is on the chair. (用four替换a改写句子)
Four ________ ________ on the chair.
42.This knife is mine.(改为复数句)
________ ________ are mine.
43.Is this your eraser? (变复数形式)
_______________________________________________________
44.Here is a box of milk. (改为复数句)
Here are some ________ of ________.
45.He is a bus driver.(改为复数形式)
They ____________ ____________ ____________.
一、语法选择
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Last month, our class went on 46 interesting trip to the Nature Museum. We learned many things about animals and plants. The museum 47 three floors with different exhibitions. On the first floor, we saw many kinds of insects. “A bee can fly 48 than a butterfly,” the guide told us. On the second floor, we learned about trees. Some trees are over 100 years old. They are very tall and strong. I took many 49 with my phone. My friend Tom did a small experiment. He put a seed in water and watched it grow. “ 50 you give the seed water, it will become a plant,” he said. The guide also taught us how 51 the forest. “People should not cut down too many trees,” she said. After the trip, all of us felt 52 . We learned that nature is beautiful and we need to protect it. Our teacher asked, “ 53 did you like best about the trip?” Everyone shared their ideas. I said I liked the insect exhibition best. Tom said he enjoyed the experiment. We all promised 54 care of the environment. Next month, our class 55 visit the Science Museum. I can’t wait!
46.A.a B.an C.the
47.A.have B.has C.had
48.A.fast B.faster C.fastest
49.A.photo B.photos C.photoes
50.A.If B.Because C.So
51.A.protect B.protecting C.to protect
52.A.happily B.happy C.happiness
53.A.What B.How C.Which
54.A.take B.taking C.to take
55.A.must B.can C.should
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
It is a sunny day! We can go to a beach to have fun. We should wear 56 T-shirt and shorts. We can eat ice-cream and drink cold juices. Look, I 57 at the beach now.
It is a rainy day! We need 58 home. We should wear 59 jackets and use an umbrella. We can’t stay outside 60 it is wet. 61 am I doing now? I am listening to music at home.
It is a 62 day! We can go outside. But we should wear warm clothes 63 a hat and gloves. We usually build 64 or have a snowball fight!
It is a windy day! If it blows 65 we need to stay at home. We should wear a jacket and fitted (合适的) clothes. We can fly a kite, but we should stay inside.
56.A.the B.an C.a
57.A.sunbathes B.am sunbathing C.is sunbathing
58.A.to go B.go C.going
59.A.us B.we C.our
60.A.when B.and C.because
61.A.How B.What C.Where
62.A.snow B.snowy C.snows
63.A.on B.from C.with
64.A.snowmen B.snowman C.snowman’s
65.A.heavily B.heavy C.heavier
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Unit 3 Food核心语法精练
(可数名词和不可数名词)
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3
二、单项选择 5
三、完成句子 8
四、句型转换 10
11
一、语法选择 11
可数名词和不可数名词
定义
表示人、事物、地点、物品、食物、抽象事物的词,分为可数名词、不可数名词两大类
可数名词
1.不定冠词搭配可数名词单数使用:
· a + 辅音开头单词:a book, a dog
· an + 元音 (a/e/i/o/u) 发音开头单词:an egg, an orange, an apple
2.复数变化规则
规则 1:一般情况直接 +s
desk → desks 桌子 girl → girls 女孩 map → maps 地图
规则 2:s /x/sh /ch 结尾,加 es(读 /ɪz/)
bus → buses 公交车 box → boxes 盒子 brush → brushes 刷子 watch → watches 手表
规则 3:辅音字母 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i + es
city → cities 城市 family → families 家庭 baby → babies 婴儿 补充:元音 + y 直接 + s:boy→boys,toy→toys
规则 4:f /fe 结尾,变 f/fe 为 v 再加 es
knife → knives 小刀 leaf → leaves 树叶 wolf → wolves 狼
特殊:roof-roofs 屋顶,直接加 s
规则 5:o 结尾分两种
有生命(动植物)+es:
potato-potatoes 土豆;tomato-tomatoes 西红柿;hero-heroes 英雄
无生命物品直接 + s:
photo-photos 照片;radio-radios 收音机;zoo-zoos 动物园
3.修饰可数名词专用词:
many 许多、few 很少、a few 一些、several 几个、数字(two three)等
4.不规则复数
man-men 男人 woman-women 女人 child-children 孩子 foot-feet 脚
tooth-teeth 牙齿 mouse-mice 老鼠 fish-fish(鱼,条数不变;种类 fishes)
sheep-sheep 绵羊 deer-deer 鹿
不可数名词
1.规则
· 永远无复数,不能加 s 错:rices /breads 对:rice /bread
· 前面不能直接加 a/an 错:a water 对:a bottle of water
· 谓语动词永远用单数(搭配一般现在三单考点)
The milk is fresh. 牛奶很新鲜。 Some bread is on the table.
2.修饰不可数名词专用词
much 许多、little 几乎没有、a little 一点、some/any(通用)、a lot of = lots of 许多等
3.不可数名词量化表达
不可数名词不能直接数,必须加量词短语 结构:数字 + 量词 (s) + of + 不可数名词 量词随数字变复数,后面名词不变
a cup of tea 一杯茶 /two cups of tea 两杯茶
a glass of juice 一杯果汁 /three glasses of juice
a bottle of water 一瓶水
a piece of bread 一片面包
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a box of milk 一盒牛奶
易混名词区分
· chicken
不可数:鸡肉 I eat chicken every day.
可数:小鸡 two chickens 两只小鸡
· fish
不可数:鱼肉 I like fish.
可数(同种类条数):three fish 三条鱼
可数(不同种类):many fishes 多种鱼
· orange
可数:橙子 an orange
不可数:橙汁 orange juice
· glass 可数:
玻璃杯 a glass
不可数:玻璃(材料)
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Our school has many ________ (club). And I want to join the English club.
【答案】clubs
【详解】句意:我们学校有很多社团,我想加入英语社团。many表示“许多”,必须接可数名词复数,club的复数变化直接加s。故填clubs。
2.—How many ________ (goose) can you see on Peter’s uncle’s farm?
—Ten.
【答案】geese
【详解】句意:——在彼得叔叔的农场你能看到多少只鹅?——十只。空前How many修饰可数名词复数,goose的复数形式为geese。
3.Look at these ________ (photo) of the farm. You can see many plants in them.
【答案】photos
【详解】句意:看这些农场的照片。你能在里面看到很多植物。根据“these”可知,此处用可数名词复数;photo的复数形式为photos。
4.Mrs Green’s two ________ (son) are in No.8 Middle School.
【答案】sons
【详解】句意:格林夫人的两个儿子都在第八中学上学。原句中two后面需要接可数名词复数,son的复数形式为sons,谓语动词are也匹配复数主语,因此填sons,符合句子逻辑及语境。
5.There are many ________ (holiday) in a year.
【答案】holidays
【详解】句意:一年中有许多节日。句中“many”后接可数名词复数,holiday的复数形式为holidays,故填holidays。
6.—What color are the ________ (box)? —They’re yellow.
【答案】boxes
【详解】句意:——这些盒子是什么颜色?——它们是黄色的。问句中be动词是are,答句主语是They,说明指代的名词要用复数形式,box的复数变化规则是在词尾加-es,变为boxes。故填boxes。
7.What other ________ (object) can you see?
【答案】objects
【详解】句意:你还能看到哪些其他物体?“other objects”意为“其他物品”,object是可数名词,此处用复数。
8.How many ________ (fish) can you see?
【答案】fish
【详解】句意:你能看到多少条鱼?根据“How many”提示,后接可数名词复数形式。fish表示“鱼”时单复数同形,仍用fish。
9.I need two ________ (tomato) and some bread.
【答案】tomatoes
【详解】句意:我需要两个番茄和一些面包。tomato是可数名词,two后接其复数形式,“tomato”以-o结尾,是有“生命”的名词,其复数形式是在词尾加-es。
10.My uncle has many ________ (sheep) on his farm.
【答案】sheep
【详解】句意:我的叔叔在他的农场里有很多绵羊。句中many后需要搭配可数名词复数,提示词sheep是单复数同形的特殊名词,它的复数形式不变,仍写作sheep,故填sheep。
11.We should brush our ________ (tooth) after meals.
【答案】teeth
【详解】句意:我们应该饭后刷牙。空格前为“our”,tooth是可数名词,刷牙不可能只刷一颗牙,要用复数形式teeth。
12.These ________ (child) are playing basketball.
【答案】children
【详解】句意:这些孩子们正在打篮球。child“孩子”,名词,前面有指示代词These修饰,表示复数概念,故填child的复数形式children。
13.Two ________ (woman) teachers are talking in front of the classroom.
【答案】women
【详解】句意:两位女老师正在教室前面谈话。“woman”作定语修饰复数名词时,其本身也需要变为复数形式。“woman”的复数形式为“women”。故填women。
14.The cat is good at catching ________ (mouse) and other small animals.
【答案】mice
【详解】句意:猫擅长抓老鼠和其他小动物。根据“and other small animals.”可知此处表示泛指用名词复数mice“老鼠”。故填mice。
15.The shop has all kinds of _________ (brush).
【答案】brushes
【详解】句意:这家商店有各种各样的刷子。all kinds of意为“各种各样的”,后接可数名词复数;brush是以sh结尾的名词,变复数时加-es,因此填brushes。
二、单项选择。
16.She has got many new ________ at her new school.
A.friend B.friends C.friend’s D.friends’
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她在新学校有许多新朋友。
friend朋友;friends朋友(复数);friend’s朋友的;friends’朋友们的。根据“many”可知后面接可数名词复数形式。应填friends。
17.We take plenty of ________ every day, and we finish these math ________ before dinner.
A.exercise; exercise B.exercises; exercises
C.exercise; exercises D.exercises; exercise
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们每天做大量的锻炼,并且在晚饭前完成这些数学练习题。
exercise 作“锻炼”讲时是不可数名词;作“练习题”讲时是可数名词。根据“take plenty of…every day”可知,第一空指日常锻炼,用exercise;根据“these math…”可知第二空指具体的练习题,且these修饰复数名词,用exercises。
18.There are different ________ in the mountains.
A.sound B.sounds C.sounding D.sounded
【答案】B
【详解】句意:山里有不同的声音。
sound声音(名词单数形式);sounds声音(名词复数形式);sounding现在分词;sounded动词过去式/过去分词。根据句首的“There are”可知,其后需要接复数可数名词作主语,应填sounds。
19.—Can I help you, madam?
—Yes. I’d like three ________ and two ________.
A.orange; orange juice
B.oranges; boxes of orange juice
C.oranges; box of orange juice
D.oranges; boxes of orange juices
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——女士,请问您需要点什么?——我想要三个橙子和两盒橙汁。
第一空:orange表示“橙子”时是可数名词,前面有数词three,需用复数形式oranges。第二空:orange juice“橙汁”,不可数名词,表达数量要借助量词box,数词two后,量词box需变为复数boxes,即boxes of orange juice。
20.—Where are the two big and lively ________ you caught from the river today?
—On the plate now.Help yourself to some ________.
A.fishes; fish B.fishes; fishes C.fish; fish D.fish; fishes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你今天从河里抓到的两条又大又活泼的鱼在哪里?——现在在盘子里。请随便吃点鱼肉。
fish表示“鱼的数量”时单复数同形;表示“鱼肉”时为不可数名词;表示“多种鱼类”时复数为fishes。第一空根据“two”可知指两条活鱼,用fish;第二空根据“On the plate”可知指鱼肉,用fish。故应填fish;fish。
21.How many ________ do you need?
A.milk B.water C.grapes D.tea
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你需要多少葡萄?
milk牛奶(不可数名词);water水(不可数名词);grapes葡萄(可数名词复数);tea茶(不可数名词)。根据句中的“How many”可知,其后需要接可数名词复数形式,故填grapes。
22.—What are these?
—They are ________, ________ and ________.
A.mouses; foxs; wolfs B.mice; foxes; wolves
C.mice; foxs; wolves D.mouses; foxes; wolfs
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这些是什么?——它们是老鼠、狐狸和狼。
mouse老鼠,复数为mice;fox狐狸,复数为foxes;wolf狼,复数为wolves。根据问句“What are these?”可知,答语需用复数形式,应填mice; foxes; wolves。
23.They study in the same ________, but in different ________.
A.grades; class B.grade; classes C.grade; class D.grades; classes
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他们在同一个年级学习,但在不同班级。
考查可数名词单复数。grades; class前者意为“年级”,复数名词,后者意为“班级”,单数名词;grade; classes前者意为“年级”,单数名词,后者意为“班级”,复数名词;grade; class前者意为“年级”,后者意为“班级”,均为单数名词;grades; classes前者意为“年级”,后者意为“班级”,均为复数名词。根据“same”可知,他们在同一个年级,第一个空填单数名词grade;根据“different”可知,他们在不同的班级,第二个空填复数名词classes。故选B。
24.—May I take your order?
—I’d like a bowl of soup with ________ and ________ in it.
A.carrots; fish B.carrot; fishes
C.carrots; fishes D.carrot; fish
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你可以点菜了吗?——我想要一碗里面有胡萝卜和鱼肉的汤。
考查名词的数。 carrot胡萝卜,可数名词,复数形式为carrots;fish鱼肉(不可数名词)/鱼(不可数名词,指不同种类时才用复数)。根据“I’d like a bowl of soup with ... and ... in it.”可知,此处表示“我想要一碗里面有胡萝卜和鱼肉的汤”,carrot需用复数形式carrots;这里指鱼肉,fish为不可数名词,故选A。
25.Let’s have some________ and ________ after the basketball game.
A.chicken; egg B.chickens; egg C.chickens; eggs D.chicken; eggs
【答案】D
【详解】句意:篮球比赛结束后,我们吃些鸡肉和鸡蛋吧。
考查名词辨析。chicken鸡肉,不可数名词;egg鸡蛋;chickens鸡,可数名词。根据“Let’s have some”可知,第一空指的吃鸡肉,some接不可数名词chicken;第二空some接可数名词复数eggs。故选D。
三、完成句子。
26.她的丈夫和两个女儿住在这套公寓里。
Her ________ and two ________ live in this flat.
【答案】husband daughters
【详解】原句中“丈夫”“两个女儿”是关键词,“丈夫”对应的英文单词为husband,形容词性物主代词Her后接名词,此处根据中文“丈夫”可知用单数;two后需搭配可数名词复数,“女儿”daughter的复数形式为daughters。
27.你能看到很多种动物。
You can see many ________ of ________.
【答案】kinds animals
【详解】原句中“很多种”是关键词,对应固定短语many kinds of。 many“许多”修饰可数名词复数,所以kind变为kinds;“动物”在此处泛指多种动物,应用复数形式animals。
28.你想要薯条还是面条搭配你的鸡肉?
Would you like ________ or ________ to go with your chicken?
【答案】chips noodles
【详解】原句中“薯条”和“面条”是关键词,表示“薯条”的单词是chips;表示“面条”的单词是noodles。
29.我们应该点一些蔬菜。
We should ________ some ________.
【答案】order vegetables
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“点”和“蔬菜”。“点(菜)”用动词order表示,情态动词should后接动词原形;“蔬菜”用名词vegetable表示,some后接可数名词复数。故填order;vegetables。
30.他们(大象)是很棒的游泳者。
They are great ________.
【答案】swimmers
【详解】对照中英文可知,空处表示“游泳者”,对应的英文是swimmer,结合“They are”可知,此处应用复数形式。故填swimmers。
31.我们打很多比赛。
We play many ________.
【答案】matches
【详解】根据中英文对照,此处缺少“比赛”的英文表达,对应的单词是“match”;前面有“many”(许多)修饰,所以要用复数形式。故填matches。
32.快来数一数农场里有多少头奶牛。
Let’s ________ how many ________ there are on the farm.
【答案】count cows
【详解】count“数一数”,let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,cow“奶牛”,是名词,有how many修饰,用复数名词,故填count;cows。
33.吃太多甜食会导致牙齿问题。
Eating too many ________ ________ can cause tooth problems.
【答案】sweet things
【详解】sweet thing“甜点,甜食”,有too many修饰,用复数形式,故填sweet;things。
34.Ella有多少只兔子在院子里?
________ ________ ________ does Ella have ?
【答案】How many rabbits
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,how many“多少”,引导特殊疑问句,位于句首首字母大写,并且后面修饰可数名词的复数;rabbit“兔子”,可数名词,此处应用其复数形式rabbits。故填How;many;rabbits。
35.这儿有一些我家乡的漂亮照片。
Here _________ some nice _________ of my hometown.
【答案】are photos/pictures
【详解】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知,“照片”译成:photo/picture,空前有some,用复数形式;分析句子结构可知,主语“some nice…of my hometown.”是复数,因此第一个空填are。故填are;photos/pictures。
四、句型转换。
36.This is an apple tree. (改为复数句)
________ ________ apple trees.
【答案】These are
【详解】句意:这是一棵苹果树。单数句改复数句时,指示代词This变为复数These,be动词is对应变为复数are,去掉不定冠词an,名词tree改为复数trees。故①填These,②填are。
37.There is a tree in the garden. (改为复数句)
There ________ ________ ________ in the garden.
【答案】are some trees
【详解】句意:花园里有一棵树。改为复数句时,将is改为are,a改为some,tree改为trees。
38.I’d like a cup of coffee.(变为复数句)
We’d like some ________ of ________.
【答案】cups coffee
【详解】句意:我想要一杯咖啡。cup的复数是cups;coffee是不可数名词,故填cups;coffee。
39.He works in that factory. (改为复数形式)
They work in ________ ________.
【答案】those factories
【详解】句意:他在那家工厂工作。that的复数是those,factory的复数是factories,故填those;factories。
40.I am doing a history project on France. (改为复数形式)
We ________ doing some history ________ on France.
【答案】are projects
【详解】句意:我正在做一个关于法国的历史项目。根据“We…doing some history…on France.”及汉语提示可知,主语“We”,be动词应为“are”;project“项目”,根据“some”可知,空处应为可数名词复数形式“projects”。故填are;projects。
41.A book is on the chair. (用four替换a改写句子)
Four ________ ________ on the chair.
【答案】books are
【详解】句意:椅子上有一本书。用four替换“a”时,原句中的“book”变为复数,系动词“is”变为are。故填books;are。
42.This knife is mine.(改为复数句)
________ ________ are mine.
【答案】These knives
【详解】句意:这把刀是我的。this对应的复数形式为these“这些”;knife的复数为knives。故填These;knives。
43.Is this your eraser? (变复数形式)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】Are these your erasers?
【详解】句意:这是你的橡皮吗?this对应的复数是these“这些”;is对应的复数是are;eraser对应的复数是erasers“橡皮”,故填Are these your erasers?
44.Here is a box of milk. (改为复数句)
Here are some ________ of ________.
【答案】boxes milk
【详解】句意:这儿有一盒牛奶。box的复数是boxes;milk为不可数名词,没有复数。故填 boxes;milk。
45.He is a bus driver.(改为复数形式)
They ____________ ____________ ____________.
【答案】are bus drivers
【详解】句意:他是一个公交司机。is的复数形式是are;bus在句中作定语,形式不变;driver司机,是一个名词,变为复数drivers。故填are bus drivers。
一、语法选择
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Last month, our class went on 46 interesting trip to the Nature Museum. We learned many things about animals and plants. The museum 47 three floors with different exhibitions. On the first floor, we saw many kinds of insects. “A bee can fly 48 than a butterfly,” the guide told us. On the second floor, we learned about trees. Some trees are over 100 years old. They are very tall and strong. I took many 49 with my phone. My friend Tom did a small experiment. He put a seed in water and watched it grow. “ 50 you give the seed water, it will become a plant,” he said. The guide also taught us how 51 the forest. “People should not cut down too many trees,” she said. After the trip, all of us felt 52 . We learned that nature is beautiful and we need to protect it. Our teacher asked, “ 53 did you like best about the trip?” Everyone shared their ideas. I said I liked the insect exhibition best. Tom said he enjoyed the experiment. We all promised 54 care of the environment. Next month, our class 55 visit the Science Museum. I can’t wait!
46.A.a B.an C.the
47.A.have B.has C.had
48.A.fast B.faster C.fastest
49.A.photo B.photos C.photoes
50.A.If B.Because C.So
51.A.protect B.protecting C.to protect
52.A.happily B.happy C.happiness
53.A.What B.How C.Which
54.A.take B.taking C.to take
55.A.must B.can C.should
【答案】46.B 47.B 48.B 49.B 50.A 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.B
【导语】本文讲述了班级上月参观自然博物馆的经历,学习了动植物知识,并计划下月参观科学博物馆,体现了对自然的热爱与探索精神。
【详解】46.句意:上个月,我们班开启了一场有趣的自然博物馆之旅。
trip为单数可数名词,此处泛指“一场”有趣的自然博物馆之旅,interesting元音音素开头,应选用an。
47.句意:这座博物馆有三层,每层都有不同展厅。
博物馆楼层数为客观事实用一般现在时,主语the museum为单数,应选用has。
48.句意:导游告诉我们,蜜蜂飞得比蝴蝶更快。
标志词than提示用比较级faster。
49.句意:我用手机拍了很多照片。
many后接可数名词复数,photo复数形式为photos。
50.句意:如果你给种子浇水,它就会长成植物。
本句为条件状语从句,if意为“如果”,遵循“主将从现”原则。
51.句意:导游还教我们如何保护森林。
疑问词(how)后接动词不定式,因此,应填to protect。
52.句意:旅行结束后,我们所有人都感到很开心。
系动词felt后接形容词作表语,应选用happy。
53.句意:我们的老师问:这次旅行你最喜欢什么?
what用来询问事物,指代参观的事物;how询问方式,which表 “哪一个”,无选择范围不适用。
54.句意:我们都承诺会爱护环境。
promise to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“承诺做某事”,因此,应选用to take。
55.句意:下个月,我们班可以去参观科技馆。
can表示客观能力、计划安排,契合下月既定出行;must表强制必须,should表建议,不符合行程安排语境。
请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
It is a sunny day! We can go to a beach to have fun. We should wear 56 T-shirt and shorts. We can eat ice-cream and drink cold juices. Look, I 57 at the beach now.
It is a rainy day! We need 58 home. We should wear 59 jackets and use an umbrella. We can’t stay outside 60 it is wet. 61 am I doing now? I am listening to music at home.
It is a 62 day! We can go outside. But we should wear warm clothes 63 a hat and gloves. We usually build 64 or have a snowball fight!
It is a windy day! If it blows 65 we need to stay at home. We should wear a jacket and fitted (合适的) clothes. We can fly a kite, but we should stay inside.
56.A.the B.an C.a
57.A.sunbathes B.am sunbathing C.is sunbathing
58.A.to go B.go C.going
59.A.us B.we C.our
60.A.when B.and C.because
61.A.How B.What C.Where
62.A.snow B.snowy C.snows
63.A.on B.from C.with
64.A.snowmen B.snowman C.snowman’s
65.A.heavily B.heavy C.heavier
【答案】56.C 57.B 58.A 59.C 60.C 61.B 62.B 63.C 64.A 65.A
【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的天气我们应该穿什么衣服以及做什么事情。
56.句意:我们应该穿一个短袖和一条短裤。
the这个(定冠词,表特指);an一个(用在元音音素开头的单词前);a一个(用在辅音音素开头的单词前)。“T-shirt”为辅音音素开头的单词。故选C。
57.句意:看,我正在沙滩晒日光浴。
sunbathes日光浴(第三人称单数形式);am sunbathing正在晒日光浴(现在进行时);is sunbathing正在晒日光浴(现在进行时)。根据“now”可知,动作正在进行,因此时态为现在进行时,且主语为“I”,因此be动词用am。故选B。
58.句意:我们需要回家。
to go去(动词不定式);go去(动词原形);going去(动名词形式)。need作实义动词时其后跟动词不定式,need to do sth表示“需要去做某事”;need作情态动词时后跟动词原形,但常用于否定句和疑问句中,此句为肯定句。故选A。
59.句意:我们应该穿我们的夹克衫并且使用雨伞。
us我们(宾格);we我们(主格);our我们的(形容词性物主代词)。根据题空后的名词“jackets”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰限定。故选C。
60.句意:我们不能待在外面因为潮湿。
when什么时候;and和;because因为。“it is wet”与“can’t stay outside”为因果关系。故选C。
61.句意:我现在在做什么?
how如何;what什么;where哪里。根据“I am listening to music at home.”可知,此处问在做什么,疑问代词what充当“doing”的宾语。故选B。
62.句意:是一个下雪天!
snow雪(动词或名词);snowy下雪的(形容词);snows下雪(第三人称单数形式)。位于名词前,因此应使用形容词修饰限定。故选B。
63.句意:但是我们应该穿上带有帽子和手套的暖和的衣服。
on在上面;from来自;with带有。根据语境可知,此处表示衣服上带有帽子和手套,表示伴随。故选C。
64.句意:我们通常会堆雪人或者打雪仗。
snowmen雪人(名词复数);snowman雪人(名词单数);snowman’s雪人的(名词所有格)。build snowmen表示“堆雪人”,名词前没有不定冠词,因此用名词复数。故选A。
65.句意:如果风吹得很大,我们需要待在家里。
heavily重地(副词);heavy重的(形容词);heavier更重的(形容词比较级)。此处使用副词修饰动词“blows”,且不含比较意义。故选A。
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