Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading and Thinking 长难句精讲精练 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

本讲义聚焦高中英语必修二Unit1 Reading and thinking的10个核心长难句，系统梳理倒装定语从句、it形式主语、动名词作主语、定语从句等关键句型，通过“句型讲解-实例分析-典型题练”的学习支架，构建从基础到复杂的语法知识脉络。 资料以讲练结合为特色，每个句型配备精准解析与针对性练习，助力提升语言理解与表达能力，通过句子结构分析培养逻辑思维品质。随堂练习及参考答案方便课后自主学习，融入文化遗产保护主题增强文化意识，课中辅助教学高效，课后助力查漏补缺。

高中英语必修二Unit1 Reading and thinking 长难句精讲精练 长难句 1:There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.总会有新旧更替的时刻，而在我们迈向未来的过程中，想要完整留存过往的一切是不可能的。 【重点句型讲解】 1.There comes a time when… 此句为倒装定语从句，正常语序为 A time comes when…。when 引导定语从句修饰先行词 time，译为 “总会有…… 的时候”。 例如：There comes a time when old people enjoy pop music .总会有老年人喜欢流行音乐的时候。 2. it 形式主语结构：it is + adj. + to do sth. “做某事……” 此句中it 是形式主语，真正主语是后置不定式 to preserve everything…。 例如：It is not easy to solve such a difficult problem .解决这样的一个难题并不容易。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：There comes a time ______ people have to make choices ______ cultural protection and economic growth. 汉译英：总会有我们必须平衡发展与文物保护的时刻。 长难句 2:Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在社会发展和文化遗址保护之间找到并维持恰当的平衡点，会是一项巨大挑战。 【重点句型讲解】 句中的Finding and keeping…balance为动名词并列共同作句子主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。 例：Listening and reading English passages can be helpful to your English learning . 听读英语文章对你的英语学习有益。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：______ (maintain) a balance between tourism and heritage ______ (remain) a difficult task for local governments. 汉译英：守护古迹并传承传统文化是当代青年的责任。（使用动名词并列作主语） 长难句 3:In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area.20 世纪 50 年代，埃及政府计划在尼罗河上修建一座新水坝，用以防洪、发电，同时为当地更多农户供水。 【重点句型讲解】 此句中的in order to do 作目的状语。要注意：多个并列目的动作时，仅第一个不定式保留 to，后续并列动词直接用原形，如句中的to control, (to) produce, (to) supply。 例如：They sold the company in order to raise money and set up shelters for the homeless. 他们卖掉公司为了筹集资金，为无家可归的人建立避难所。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：The museum was built ______ (record) local history and ______ (display) precious ancient relics to visitors. 汉译英：我们启动这个项目是为了修复庙宇、传播历史、吸引全球游客。 长难句 4:Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.水坝蓄水很可能损毁大量庙宇，破坏那些属于埃及重要文化遗产的文物古迹。 【重点句型讲解】 句中的that 引导限制性定语从句，先行词 temples and cultural relics 为复数，从句谓语用 were；that 在从句中充当主语，不可省略。 例如：He is the only student that comes from England.他是唯一一个来自英格兰的学生 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：Heavy rain may ruin old buildings ______ carry thousands of years of city memory. 汉译英：洪水可能会摧毁那些承载着民族历史的古老遗迹。（使用that 定语从句） 长难句 5: After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.在听取研究过该难题的科学家与居住在水坝周边居民的意见后，埃及政府于 1959 年向联合国寻求援助。 【重点句型讲解】 1.句中After + 动名词短语作状语，为状语从句的省略。此时动名词的逻辑主语必须和主句主语 the government 保持一致。同样用法的还有连词while ,when ,if ,although , unless ,even if ,before 等。 例如：Before heading home , they chat with each other and share stories of daily lives . 往家走之前，他们互相闲聊，并且分享日常生活经历。 例如：When asked about his father , the boy was in silence . 当问到他父亲时，男孩沉默了。 2.句中有两组并列的定语从句：scientists who… 和citizens who…，who 引导定语从句分别修饰两类人群，在从句中作主语。 例如：These are scientists who are doing researches on greenhouse effect . 这些科学家正在做关于温室效应的研究。 3. 句中“the scientists who had studied the problem”部分，还含有过去完成时 had studied，表示“研究问题” 发生在 “听取意见” 之前，代表过去的过去。 例如：He went to play with his friends because he had finished all his homework. 他出去和朋友玩了，因为他已经完成了所有作业。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：After ______ (talk) with experts ______ study heritage protection, we turned to volunteers ______ support. 汉译英：在采访研究古遗址的学者和住在文物旁的村民后，我们向当地博物馆寻求帮助。（用after doing 及定语从句完成） 长难句 6：A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.政府专门成立了委员会，用来降低埃及古建筑的损毁程度，防止文物流失。 【重点句型讲解】 1.句中的 A committee was established为过去时的被动语态；不定式 to limit and (to) prevent 并列作目的状语，第二个 to 可省略。 例如：A new shelter was built to hold more homeless people . 一个新的避难所被建立，为了容纳更多无家可归的人。 2.句中短语damage to sth 对…… 的损坏；the loss of sth …… 的遗失、流失。 例如：The earthquake did great damage to the buildings in the street. 这场地震对街上的建筑物造成了很大的损坏。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：A rescue team ______ (set) up to cut harm ______ ancient sites and avoid the ______ (disappear) of traditional artworks. 汉译英：一支保护小队被组建，用来减轻灾害对古建筑的破坏，避免珍贵文物流失。（用被动语态与并列目的不定式完成） 长难句 7：Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.专家调研了相关问题，开展多次实地勘测，随后拟定了一份古建筑抢救方案。 【重点句型讲解】 1.此句中investigated, conducted, made三个动词做并列谓语，指连贯的过去动作。 例如：He felt surprised ,stood up slowly and went out of the room. 他感到吃惊，慢慢站起来走出房间。 2.句中的for 后接how 引导宾语从句，how 在从句中作方式状语。宾语从句里使用了被动语态 could be saved，突出文物 “被抢救”。要注意：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序。 例如：You should decide on how we can prepare for this party . 你应该决定我们如何为这次聚会做准备。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：Researchers surveyed the problem, did field tests and put forward plans for ______ old relics ______ (rescue). 汉译英：工作人员调研难题、实地考察，并提出了修复古庙宇的实施方案。（使用how 宾语从句） 长难句 8：Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.庙宇与各类文化遗址被逐块拆解，随后迁移至一处不会被洪水侵袭的地点重新拼接复原。 【重点句型讲解】 此句中were taken down, (were) moved and (were) put back，为多重并列被动语态，后面重复的 be 动词可省略。句中还含有一个where 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 a place，要注意where为关系副词。 例如：The building was destroyed in the earthquake and rebuilt again .那幢大楼被地震摧毁，又重新被建立起来。 例如：He found the farm where his father worked thirty years ago .他找到了父亲三十年前工作的农场。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：Ancient stone statues were split bit by bit and rebuilt in a place ______ they were free ______ wind and sand. 汉译英:古老石雕被逐块拆分，运往一处远离风沙的场地重新组装。 长难句 9:Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.各国不仅找到了一条不会牺牲历史遗迹的发展道路，还意识到各国携手共建美好未来是完全可行的。 【重点句型讲解】 1.句中的Not only 与后面的but连用，表示“不仅……而且”。当not only置于句首，主句必须使用部分倒装。即：Not only + 助动词 /had/be 动词 + 主语 + 剩余谓语；but (also) 引导的后半分句语序正常，不倒装。 例如：Not only can housework build up our strength ,but also makes us realize the importance of labour .家务不仅能增强我们的体质，而且使我们意识到劳动的重要性。 2.另外句中的a path 后接 that 限制性定语从句; learnt 后接了that引导的宾语从句，从句中使用 it 作形式主语的常用句式，即：it was possible for sb to do sth。（对某人来讲做某事......） 例如：It is also common for them to be held during traditional Chinese holidays. 对他们来讲在传统的中国节日中被举办也是常见的。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空： Not only ______ we ______ (protect) relics well, but we also realized ______ it is vital for all nations ______ (cooperate). 汉译英：我们不仅妥善保护了历史古迹，还懂得了各国合作保护文化遗产至关重要。（使用Not only 倒装句型） 长难句 10：Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.联合国教科文组织就是最好的例证，该机构运营专项项目，阻止全球各地世界文化遗产消亡。 【重点句型讲解】 此句中which 引导非限制性定语从句，用逗号分隔，修饰专有名词 UNESCO，不能用 that 替换。programme 后用that 限制性定语从句，修饰项目内容。 例如：He passed the exams ,which made his parents satisfied. 他通过了所有考试，这使他的父母感到很满意。 【典型题练】 单句语法填空：The foundation, ______ provides money for relics, carries a project ______ stops heritage ______ fading away. 汉译英：这家基金会为古迹提供资金，推行项目阻止传统手工艺消失。（用非限制性定语从句） 随堂练习题 一.单句语法填空 1. There comes a time ______ everyone should take responsibility for cultural heritage protection. 2. ______ (Respect) old constructions and inheriting history requires long-term efforts of the whole society. 3. The park was built ______ (preserve) ancient walls and show local ancient culture to visitors. 4. We should treasure the old villages ______ record the lifestyle of our ancestors. 5. After ______ (communicate) with archaeologists ______ devote themselves to relic rescue, we called on the public for help. 6. A special group ______ (organize) to reduce threats ______ historic buildings and prevent the ______ (lose) of old paintings. 7. Workers examined the damage, ran experiments and offered suggestions for ______ the damaged towers could be repaired. 8. Ancient stone carvings were taken apart gradually and reconstructed in a place ______ they could stay safe ______ heavy rains. 9. Not only have local people ______ (save) dozens of relics, but they also found that it is necessary for different regions ______ (unite). 10. This institute, ______ offers professional technical support, carries out a plan that protects ancient towns ______ being destroyed. 二.汉译英 1. 总会有我们需要平衡经济发展与文物修复（restoration）的时刻。（There comes a time when…） 2. 发掘历史遗迹并传承千年文明是我们这一代人的使命。（动名词并列作主语） 3. 在咨询（consult）过研究古建筑的专家和居住在古城周边的居民后，我们向当地政府寻求支持。（after doing + 定语从句） 4. 这批古老壁画（mural）被逐块剥离（peel off），转移到一处远离潮湿的展厅重新拼接。（并列被动 + where 定语从句） 5. 我们不仅守护好了本土文化遗产，还明白了各国携手保护古迹意义重大。（Not only 置于句首倒装） 典型题练参考答案 长难句 1 单句语法填空：There comes a time when people have to make choices between cultural protection and economic growth. 汉译英：There comes a time when we must balance development and cultural relic protection. 长难句 2 单句语法填空：Maintaining a balance between tourism and heritage remains a difficult task for local governments. 汉译英：Protecting ancient sites and passing down traditional culture is the duty of contemporary youth. 长难句 3 单句语法填空：The museum was built to record local history and (to) display precious ancient relics to visitors. 汉译英：We launched this project in order to repair temples, spread history and attract tourists worldwide. 长难句 4 单句语法填空：Heavy rain may ruin old buildings that carry thousands of years of city memory. 汉译英：Floods may destroy ancient relics that carry the history of the nation. 长难句 5 单句语法填空：After talking with experts who study heritage protection, we turned to volunteers for support. 汉译英：After interviewing scholars who have studied ancient sites and villagers who live beside cultural relics, we turned to the local museum for help. 长难句 6 单句语法填空：A rescue team was set up to cut harm to ancient sites and avoid the disappearance of traditional artworks. 汉译：A protection team was formed to reduce the damage of disasters to ancient buildings and prevent the loss of precious cultural relics. 长难句 7 单句语法填空：Researchers surveyed the problem, did field tests and put forward plans for how old relics could be rescued. 汉译英：Staff investigated the problems, conducted field surveys and put forward plans for how ancient temples could be restored. 长难句 8 单句语法填空：Ancient stone statues were split bit by bit and rebuilt in a place where they were free from wind and sand. 汉译英：Ancient stone sculptures were taken apart piece by piece and transported to a place far away from wind and sand to be reassembled. 长难句 9 单句语法填空：Not only had we protected relics well, but we also realized that it is vital for all nations to cooperate. 汉译英：Not only have we protected historical sites properly, but we have also learned that it is vital for all countries to cooperate to protect cultural heritage. 长难句 10 单句语法填空：The foundation, which provides money for relics, carries a project that stops heritage from fading away. 汉译英:This foundation, which provides funds for ancient sites, runs a project that prevents traditional handicrafts from disappearing. 随堂练习参考答案 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一 .语法填空答案 1. when 2. Respecting 3. to preserve 4. that 5. communicating; who 6. was organized; to; loss 7. how 8. where; from 9. saved; to unite 10. which; from 二.汉译英 1. There comes a time when we need to balance economic development and the restoration of cultural relics. 2. Discovering historical sites and passing down thousands of years of civilization is the mission of our generation. 3. After consulting experts who study ancient buildings and residents who live around the ancient city, we turned to the local government for support. 4. These ancient murals were peeled off piece by piece, transported to an exhibition hall where they could stay away from dampness and put back together again. 5. Not only have we well protected local cultural heritage, but we have also realized that it is of great significance for all countries to work together to protect ancient sites. $