Unit 8 People and Events（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ Ⅰ．补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话，从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 1．— Our team may not finish the train infographic on time. — ________. Let's divide the work and check the facts first. A. That's impossible B. You're welcome C. Take it easy D. Good night 2．— What do you think of Cai Lun's improvement of paper-making? — ________. It helped knowledge reach more people. A. It was meaningful B. I lost my way C. No, thanks D. See you later 3．— Could I interview you about your favorite invention after class? — ________. I have ten minutes before the meeting. A. Don't mention it B. I hope not C. What a pity D. With pleasure 4．— We should not copy long passages for our poster. — ________. A short summary of key facts is better. A. Never mind B. I agree C. Be careful D. It's raining 5．— Why is the Jingzhang Railway still remembered today? — ________. It showed the skill and courage of Chinese engineers. A. I can't find my phone B. It's too noisy C. Because it was a great achievement D. Please open the window Ⅱ．词汇（10小题，共20分） 阅读下列句子，从A、B、C、D中选出与划线单词或短语在句中意思最接近的中文释义。 6．The chief engineer checked every part of the plan before work began. A. 迟到的 B. 主要的 C. 彩色的 D. 安静的 7．The old railway stretches through hills and small towns. A. 返回 B. 记录 C. 发明 D. 延伸 8．The students made a short video to explain the railway's significance. A. 意义 B. 价格 C. 天气 D. 座位 9．The team showed a brilliant solution to the mountain problem. A. 私人的 B. 破损的 C. 杰出的 D. 昂贵的 10．China has built a large high-speed railway network. A. 笔记 B. 网络；系统 C. 灯泡 D. 饥饿 11．The engineer designed a safer bridge for the village. A. 采访 B. 改变 C. 借入 D. 设计 12．At the age of twelve, he showed an interest in machines. A. 对……感兴趣 B. 对……让步 C. 对……道歉 D. 对……付款 13．After years of practice, she succeeded in making a useful tool. A. 害怕做 B. 忘记做 C. 成功做成 D. 拒绝做 14．The young worker decided to return to his hometown after graduation. A. 离开 B. 返回 C. 比较 D. 拆除 15．Steam was once used to move early passenger trains. A. 药物 B. 省份 C. 方法 D. 火车 Ⅲ．完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16—30各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 During the school science week, Ming's class studied how transportation changed people's lives. Their teacher asked each group to compare an old invention with a modern one. Ming's group chose the Jingzhang Railway and the high-speed railway between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. At first, the task looked ____ 16 ____ because there were many dates, speeds and technical words. Ming did not ____ 17 ____ facts from the Internet directly. He knew a good summary needed clear thinking. He first made a table and ____ 18 ____ the length, opening time and power of the two railways. Then he asked his teammates to check every number. One student found that the old railway went through mountains, while the new line also had to face cold weather and busy travel needs. This ____ 19 ____ helped the group compare the two projects fairly. They saw that engineers in different times had to ____ 20 ____ different difficulties. When the poster was almost finished, Ming noticed a problem. The board was full of words, but visitors might not understand the ____ 21 ____ of the comparison. He suggested using two simple pictures: one steam train climbing through hills and one high-speed train running across snow. His teammates ____ 22 ____ the idea and redesigned the poster. They also added a short question: What can we learn from people who build railways? On the display day, many visitors stopped and discussed it. Ming realized that history was not only about remembering names. It was about learning how people used knowledge, courage and teamwork to ____ 23 ____ life. Their group won first prize, but Ming felt the greater ____ 24 ____ was understanding the spirit behind the work. He hoped to use his skills to ____ 25 ____ his hometown one day. The project made every member more ____ 26 ____ when facing hard tasks. They learned to ask questions, check facts and ____ 27 ____ ideas clearly. Even a small school poster could ____ 28 ____ students with great people in history. From then on, Ming believed that careful study can turn a simple homework task into ____ 29 ____ real learning experience and encourage young people to keep ____ 30 ____ forward. 16． A. funny B. empty C. simple D. difficult 17． A. copy B. hide C. lose D. paint 18． A. broke B. sold C. recorded D. forgot 19． A. mistake B. detail C. ticket D. voice 20． A. accept B. describe C. avoid D. overcome 21． A. size B. significance C. color D. price 22． A. returned B. changed C. supported D. missed 23． A. waste B. leave C. improve D. borrow 24． A. noise B. achievement C. danger D. meal 25． A. serve B. close C. watch D. refuse 26． A. careless B. silent C. hungry D. confident 27． A. share B. drop C. guess D. lock 28． A. cook B. connect C. push D. cover 29． A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 30． A. running B. looking C. moving D. sleeping Ⅳ．阅读理解（15小题，共45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案；C篇根据上下文将五个选项填入文中空缺处。 A A group of Grade One students joined a community project called “Tools Around Us”. They had to interview workers and learn how simple tools changed their work. Liao Fang, who studies computer applications, chose a small repair shop near her home. She expected to hear about modern machines, but Mr. Chen, the shop owner, first showed her a thick paper notebook. The notebook looked ordinary, yet it had been used for more than ten years. In the notebook, Mr. Chen recorded every repair case: the customer's problem, the parts used and the method that worked. He said the notebook was not as fast as a tablet, but it helped him think carefully. Once, a washing machine had the same problem as a machine he repaired two years earlier. Because of the notes, he found the reason quickly and saved the family money. Later, his daughter helped him put the records into a computer so that he could search them more easily. He still kept the paper notebook on his desk because writing by hand made him slow down and check each step. Liao Fang learned that old and new tools can work together. Paper helped Mr. Chen build good habits, while the computer helped him use the records better. In her report, she wrote that an invention is valuable when it serves real needs. Her teacher praised the report because it connected technology with daily work instead of only listing famous inventions. Liao Fang also decided to make a small digital form for her parents' shop, so they could record orders more clearly. 31．What was Liao Fang's project about? A. Learning how tools changed workers' work. B. Selling computers in a shop. C. Building a new railway station. D. Cooking meals for customers. 32．What did Mr. Chen record in his notebook? A. Only his daughter's homework. B. Weather reports and train times. C. Repair cases and useful methods. D. Stories about famous singers. 33．How did the old notebook help Mr. Chen once? A. It made the shop larger. B. It helped him find the reason for a problem quickly. C. It taught him to drive a train. D. It replaced every computer. 34．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Customers. B. Machines. C. Families. D. Records. 35．Why did the teacher praise Liao Fang's report? A. It connected technology with daily work. B. It used the longest English words. C. It asked students to stop using paper. D. It copied many famous stories. B When people talk about great achievements, they often focus on the final result: a railway is opened, a machine begins to work, or a new method is widely used. However, the road to an achievement is usually full of small decisions. The story of Zhan Tianyou and the Jingzhang Railway is a good example. The railway had to pass through hills and mountains, and many people doubted whether Chinese engineers could finish it. Such doubt was not only about technology, but also about confidence in a young nation's own engineers. Zhan did not answer doubt with loud words. He answered it with careful work. He studied the land, listened to workers and designed ways to solve practical problems. Every plan needed to be checked because a small mistake could become dangerous on a mountain railway. His team also had to manage time well. The railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. This result did not come from luck. It came from knowledge, responsibility and steady effort. The more difficult the work became, the more carefully the team checked the route, tools and safety details. The lesson is useful for students today. In a workshop, a kitchen or a computer room, students may also meet tasks that look too hard at first. If they only complain, the problem will stay there. If they break the task into smaller parts, check details and learn from others, they may find a way forward. A great event in history is not just something to remember. It can become a mirror that helps young people see how to work when life gives them a difficult task. It also reminds them that real confidence grows from preparation, practice and responsibility. 36．What do people often focus on when talking about achievements? A. The weather on that day. B. The workers' meals. C. The color of the tools. D. The final result. 37．How did Zhan Tianyou answer doubt? A. By writing songs. B. By avoiding the work. C. By asking others to leave. D. By careful work. 38．Why did every plan need to be checked? A. Because a small mistake could become dangerous. B. Because the railway was very short. C. Because students liked colorful maps. D. Because there was no mountain. 39．What does the underlined word “steady” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. 突然的 B. 昂贵的 C. 持续稳定的 D. 吵闹的 40．What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell students to complain about hard tasks. B. To show how historical achievements can guide young people. C. To prove that luck is the most important thing. D. To introduce how to buy train tickets. C A good summary is more than a shorter text. It helps readers catch the key facts quickly and understand why they matter. When students write about a great person or event, they often put in every detail they find. ____41____ A useful summary should be clear, accurate and focused. It should also keep the writer's own thinking visible, so readers know what is most important. First, decide the purpose of your summary. Are you explaining an invention, introducing a person's life, or comparing two projects? ____42____ For example, when you introduce a railway, length, opening time, difficulty and achievement may be more useful than a long list of small dates. If your purpose changes, the facts you choose may also change. Second, choose facts from reliable notes and check them twice. Do not change numbers just to make the writing sound better. ____43____ Accuracy is the first rule because readers may use your summary to learn or make a display. When a date or number is uncertain, write it down separately and ask a teacher or teammate to help check it. Third, connect facts with simple linking words. A list of facts can feel cold. Words like however, because and therefore can show time, reason and result. ____44____ Then readers can follow your thinking, not only remember separate facts. A clear connection is often more useful than an extra sentence full of information. Finally, use your own words. This does not mean changing every word in a strange way. It means understanding the facts first and then explaining them naturally. ____45____ If a classmate can retell your summary after reading it once, your writing is probably successful. You can then revise grammar, remove repeated words and make the final version cleaner. 选项： A. Wrong information can make the whole summary unreliable. B. That is why a summary also tests your understanding. C. Your purpose will tell you which facts to keep. D. They make the relationship between facts easier to see. E. As a result, the summary becomes too long and confusing. Ⅴ．语法填空（10小题，共20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week, our class made an infographic about two railways between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Before we started, our teacher asked us ____ 46 ____ (collect) key facts from reliable materials. The old railway ____ 47 ____ (complete) in 1909, and it was considered a brilliant achievement. The newer high-speed railway is much ____ 48 ____ (fast), so travel has become more convenient than before. Our group leader divided the work carefully. Li Wei, ____ 49 ____ is good at drawing, designed the map. I was responsible ____ 50 ____ checking numbers and writing a short summary. At first, we put too much information on the poster, ____ 51 ____ it looked crowded. After discussion, we decided ____ 52 ____ (keep) only the most important facts. The final poster ____ 53 ____ (show) in the hallway yesterday. Many students stopped to read it. I learned ____ 54 ____ a clear summary can help people understand history better. Working with my group also made me ____ 55 ____ (confident) than before. Ⅵ．完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给中文提示补全英文句子。 56．我们想知道这条铁路是怎样提前完成的。 We wonder _____________________ ahead of schedule. 57．对数字进行两次核查是有必要的。 _____________________ the numbers twice. 58．我们应该选择足够清楚、便于核查的事实。 We should choose facts _____________________. 59．这个展板昨天在走廊里展出了。 The poster _____________________ in the hallway yesterday. 60．他毕业后决定返回家乡。 He decided _____________________ after graduation. Ⅶ．应用写作（1小题，共10分） 61．你班将制作一张关于“Jingzhang Railway and Jingzhang High-Speed Railway”的英文信息图。请给组员写一封简短邮件，说明分工、完成时间和注意事项。正文约40词。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ Ⅰ．补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话，从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 1．— Our team may not finish the train infographic on time. — ________. Let's divide the work and check the facts first. A. That's impossible B. You're welcome C. Take it easy D. Good night 【答案】C 【详解】考查安慰与建议。上句表达担心不能按时完成，后句提出分工和核查事实，空处应先安慰对方。C项Take it easy符合语境。 2．— What do you think of Cai Lun's improvement of paper-making? — ________. It helped knowledge reach more people. A. It was meaningful B. I lost my way C. No, thanks D. See you later 【答案】A 【详解】考查评价。问句询问对造纸方法改进的看法，后句说明其积极影响，A项It was meaningful能够概括评价，故选A。 3．— Could I interview you about your favorite invention after class? — ________. I have ten minutes before the meeting. A. Don't mention it B. I hope not C. What a pity D. With pleasure 【答案】D 【详解】考查回应请求。Could I interview you...?是请求采访，后句说明有时间，空处应表示乐意接受。D项With pleasure符合礼貌交际。 4．— We should not copy long passages for our poster. — ________. A short summary of key facts is better. A. Never mind B. I agree C. Be careful D. It's raining 【答案】B 【详解】考查表达同意。上句提出不应照抄长文，后句进一步说明摘要更好，空处应表示赞同。B项I agree符合语境。 5．— Why is the Jingzhang Railway still remembered today? — ________. It showed the skill and courage of Chinese engineers. A. I can't find my phone B. It's too noisy C. Because it was a great achievement D. Please open the window 【答案】C 【详解】考查回答原因。Why提问原因，后句解释其体现工程师的技术和勇气，C项Because it was a great achievement与原因一致。 Ⅱ．词汇（10小题，共20分） 阅读下列句子，从A、B、C、D中选出与划线单词或短语在句中意思最接近的中文释义。 6．The chief engineer checked every part of the plan before work began. A. 迟到的 B. 主要的 C. 彩色的 D. 安静的 【答案】B 【详解】chief作形容词，意为“主要的；总的”。chief engineer表示“总工程师；主要工程师”，故选B。 7．The old railway stretches through hills and small towns. A. 返回 B. 记录 C. 发明 D. 延伸 【答案】D 【详解】stretch作动词，意为“延伸”。句中through hills and small towns说明铁路穿过山丘和城镇向前延伸，故选D。 8．The students made a short video to explain the railway's significance. A. 意义 B. 价格 C. 天气 D. 座位 【答案】A 【详解】significance为名词，意为“意义；重要性”。句中explain the railway's significance表示解释铁路的重要意义，故选A。 9．The team showed a brilliant solution to the mountain problem. A. 私人的 B. 破损的 C. 杰出的 D. 昂贵的 【答案】C 【详解】brilliant为形容词，意为“杰出的；出色的”。solution与mountain problem构成解决难题语境，杰出的方案符合语义。 10．China has built a large high-speed railway network. A. 笔记 B. 网络；系统 C. 灯泡 D. 饥饿 【答案】B 【详解】network可表示“网络；系统”。high-speed railway network指高铁网络或系统，因此选B。 11．The engineer designed a safer bridge for the village. A. 采访 B. 改变 C. 借入 D. 设计 【答案】D 【详解】design作动词，意为“设计”。宾语a safer bridge说明工程师设计了一座更安全的桥，故选D。 12．At the age of twelve, he showed an interest in machines. A. 对……感兴趣 B. 对……让步 C. 对……道歉 D. 对……付款 【答案】A 【详解】show an interest in为固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”。句中machines是兴趣对象，因此选A。 13．After years of practice, she succeeded in making a useful tool. A. 害怕做 B. 忘记做 C. 成功做成 D. 拒绝做 【答案】C 【详解】succeed in doing sth.表示“成功做成某事”。句中making a useful tool为成功完成的事情，故选C。 14．The young worker decided to return to his hometown after graduation. A. 离开 B. 返回 C. 比较 D. 拆除 【答案】B 【详解】return to表示“返回”。宾语his hometown说明毕业后回到家乡，故选B。 15．Steam was once used to move early passenger trains. A. 药物 B. 省份 C. 方法 D. 火车 【答案】D 【详解】train为名词，意为“火车”。passenger trains表示“客运火车”，与steam used to move相符，故选D。 Ⅲ．完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16—30各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 During the school science week, Ming's class studied how transportation changed people's lives. Their teacher asked each group to compare an old invention with a modern one. Ming's group chose the Jingzhang Railway and the high-speed railway between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. At first, the task looked ____ 16 ____ because there were many dates, speeds and technical words. Ming did not ____ 17 ____ facts from the Internet directly. He knew a good summary needed clear thinking. He first made a table and ____ 18 ____ the length, opening time and power of the two railways. Then he asked his teammates to check every number. One student found that the old railway went through mountains, while the new line also had to face cold weather and busy travel needs. This ____ 19 ____ helped the group compare the two projects fairly. They saw that engineers in different times had to ____ 20 ____ different difficulties. When the poster was almost finished, Ming noticed a problem. The board was full of words, but visitors might not understand the ____ 21 ____ of the comparison. He suggested using two simple pictures: one steam train climbing through hills and one high-speed train running across snow. His teammates ____ 22 ____ the idea and redesigned the poster. They also added a short question: What can we learn from people who build railways? On the display day, many visitors stopped and discussed it. Ming realized that history was not only about remembering names. It was about learning how people used knowledge, courage and teamwork to ____ 23 ____ life. Their group won first prize, but Ming felt the greater ____ 24 ____ was understanding the spirit behind the work. He hoped to use his skills to ____ 25 ____ his hometown one day. The project made every member more ____ 26 ____ when facing hard tasks. They learned to ask questions, check facts and ____ 27 ____ ideas clearly. Even a small school poster could ____ 28 ____ students with great people in history. From then on, Ming believed that careful study can turn a simple homework task into ____ 29 ____ real learning experience and encourage young people to keep ____ 30 ____ forward. 16． A. funny B. empty C. simple D. difficult 17． A. copy B. hide C. lose D. paint 18． A. broke B. sold C. recorded D. forgot 19． A. mistake B. detail C. ticket D. voice 20． A. accept B. describe C. avoid D. overcome 21． A. size B. significance C. color D. price 22． A. returned B. changed C. supported D. missed 23． A. waste B. leave C. improve D. borrow 24． A. noise B. achievement C. danger D. meal 25． A. serve B. close C. watch D. refuse 26． A. careless B. silent C. hungry D. confident 27． A. share B. drop C. guess D. lock 28． A. cook B. connect C. push D. cover 29． A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 30． A. running B. looking C. moving D. sleeping 【答案】16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.C 【详解】16.空后提到many dates, speeds and technical words，说明任务看起来困难，difficult符合语境。 17.copy facts directly表示“直接复制事实”。后句说好摘要需要清晰思考，说明Ming没有直接照抄，故选copy。 18.record the length, opening time and power表示记录长度、开通时间和动力，recorded与表格整理事实相符。 19.前句补充旧铁路穿山、新线路面对寒冷天气和出行需求，这一detail“细节”帮助公平比较，故选B。 20.overcome different difficulties表示“克服不同困难”，与工程建设中的挑战相符。 21.展板文字太多，参观者可能不理解比较的significance“意义”，故选B。 22.队友重新设计海报，说明他们支持这个想法，supported符合语境。 23.知识、勇气和团队合作用于improve life“改善生活”，与工程价值一致。 24.得了一等奖之外，更大的achievement“收获；成就”是理解作品背后的精神，故选B。 25.serve his hometown表示“服务家乡”，与未来用技能回报家乡的愿望一致。 26.项目让成员面对难题更confident“自信”，与后文学会提问、核查和表达形成因果。 27.share ideas clearly表示“清楚分享想法”，与展示任务和小组交流相符。 28.connect students with great people表示“把学生与历史上的伟大人物联系起来”，符合海报的教育作用。 29.experience为单数可数名词，real以辅音音素开头，泛指“一次真实学习经历”，故用a。 30.keep moving forward为固定表达，意为“继续前进”。结尾鼓励年轻人不断进步，故选C。 Ⅳ．阅读理解（15小题，共45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案；C篇根据上下文将五个选项填入文中空缺处。 A A group of Grade One students joined a community project called “Tools Around Us”. They had to interview workers and learn how simple tools changed their work. Liao Fang, who studies computer applications, chose a small repair shop near her home. She expected to hear about modern machines, but Mr. Chen, the shop owner, first showed her a thick paper notebook. The notebook looked ordinary, yet it had been used for more than ten years. In the notebook, Mr. Chen recorded every repair case: the customer's problem, the parts used and the method that worked. He said the notebook was not as fast as a tablet, but it helped him think carefully. Once, a washing machine had the same problem as a machine he repaired two years earlier. Because of the notes, he found the reason quickly and saved the family money. Later, his daughter helped him put the records into a computer so that he could search them more easily. He still kept the paper notebook on his desk because writing by hand made him slow down and check each step. Liao Fang learned that old and new tools can work together. Paper helped Mr. Chen build good habits, while the computer helped him use the records better. In her report, she wrote that an invention is valuable when it serves real needs. Her teacher praised the report because it connected technology with daily work instead of only listing famous inventions. Liao Fang also decided to make a small digital form for her parents' shop, so they could record orders more clearly. 31．What was Liao Fang's project about? A. Learning how tools changed workers' work. B. Selling computers in a shop. C. Building a new railway station. D. Cooking meals for customers. 32．What did Mr. Chen record in his notebook? A. Only his daughter's homework. B. Weather reports and train times. C. Repair cases and useful methods. D. Stories about famous singers. 33．How did the old notebook help Mr. Chen once? A. It made the shop larger. B. It helped him find the reason for a problem quickly. C. It taught him to drive a train. D. It replaced every computer. 34．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Customers. B. Machines. C. Families. D. Records. 35．Why did the teacher praise Liao Fang's report? A. It connected technology with daily work. B. It used the longest English words. C. It asked students to stop using paper. D. It copied many famous stories. 【答案】31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.A 【导语】本文讲述学生采访修理店店主，发现纸质笔记本与电脑记录能共同服务维修工作，说明工具的价值在于满足真实工作需要。 【详解】31.细节理解题。第一段“They had to interview workers and learn how simple tools changed their work.”说明项目主题是了解工具如何改变工作，故选A。 32.细节理解题。第二段列出the customer's problem, the parts used and the method that worked，概括为维修案例和有效方法，故选C。 33.细节理解题。第二段“Because of the notes, he found the reason quickly...”说明笔记帮助他快速找到原因，故选B。 34.代词指代题。前句说女儿把the records输入电脑，后句so that he could search them more easily中的them指records，故选D。 35.细节理解题。最后一句指出报告connected technology with daily work，因此老师表扬它，故选A。 B When people talk about great achievements, they often focus on the final result: a railway is opened, a machine begins to work, or a new method is widely used. However, the road to an achievement is usually full of small decisions. The story of Zhan Tianyou and the Jingzhang Railway is a good example. The railway had to pass through hills and mountains, and many people doubted whether Chinese engineers could finish it. Such doubt was not only about technology, but also about confidence in a young nation's own engineers. Zhan did not answer doubt with loud words. He answered it with careful work. He studied the land, listened to workers and designed ways to solve practical problems. Every plan needed to be checked because a small mistake could become dangerous on a mountain railway. His team also had to manage time well. The railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. This result did not come from luck. It came from knowledge, responsibility and steady effort. The more difficult the work became, the more carefully the team checked the route, tools and safety details. The lesson is useful for students today. In a workshop, a kitchen or a computer room, students may also meet tasks that look too hard at first. If they only complain, the problem will stay there. If they break the task into smaller parts, check details and learn from others, they may find a way forward. A great event in history is not just something to remember. It can become a mirror that helps young people see how to work when life gives them a difficult task. It also reminds them that real confidence grows from preparation, practice and responsibility. 36．What do people often focus on when talking about achievements? A. The weather on that day. B. The workers' meals. C. The color of the tools. D. The final result. 37．How did Zhan Tianyou answer doubt? A. By writing songs. B. By avoiding the work. C. By asking others to leave. D. By careful work. 38．Why did every plan need to be checked? A. Because a small mistake could become dangerous. B. Because the railway was very short. C. Because students liked colorful maps. D. Because there was no mountain. 39．What does the underlined word “steady” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. 突然的 B. 昂贵的 C. 持续稳定的 D. 吵闹的 40．What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell students to complain about hard tasks. B. To show how historical achievements can guide young people. C. To prove that luck is the most important thing. D. To introduce how to buy train tickets. 【答案】36.D 37.D 38.A 39.C 40.B 【导语】本文以京张铁路建设为例，说明伟大成就来自知识、责任和持续努力，并引导学生把历史事件转化为面对困难任务的方法。 【详解】36.细节理解题。第一段“they often focus on the final result”直接给出答案，故选D。 37.细节理解题。第二段“Zhan did not answer doubt with loud words. He answered it with careful work.”说明他用细致工作回应质疑，故选D。 38.细节理解题。第二段“because a small mistake could become dangerous on a mountain railway”说明核查计划的原因，故选A。 39.词义猜测题。该词与knowledge、responsibility并列，结合前文careful work和manage time well可知steady effort指持续稳定的努力，故选C。 40.写作目的题。文章最后指出历史事件能成为镜子，帮助年轻人面对困难任务，因此目的在于说明历史成就如何给年轻人以指导，故选B。 C A good summary is more than a shorter text. It helps readers catch the key facts quickly and understand why they matter. When students write about a great person or event, they often put in every detail they find. ____41____ A useful summary should be clear, accurate and focused. It should also keep the writer's own thinking visible, so readers know what is most important. First, decide the purpose of your summary. Are you explaining an invention, introducing a person's life, or comparing two projects? ____42____ For example, when you introduce a railway, length, opening time, difficulty and achievement may be more useful than a long list of small dates. If your purpose changes, the facts you choose may also change. Second, choose facts from reliable notes and check them twice. Do not change numbers just to make the writing sound better. ____43____ Accuracy is the first rule because readers may use your summary to learn or make a display. When a date or number is uncertain, write it down separately and ask a teacher or teammate to help check it. Third, connect facts with simple linking words. A list of facts can feel cold. Words like however, because and therefore can show time, reason and result. ____44____ Then readers can follow your thinking, not only remember separate facts. A clear connection is often more useful than an extra sentence full of information. Finally, use your own words. This does not mean changing every word in a strange way. It means understanding the facts first and then explaining them naturally. ____45____ If a classmate can retell your summary after reading it once, your writing is probably successful. You can then revise grammar, remove repeated words and make the final version cleaner. 选项： A. Wrong information can make the whole summary unreliable. B. That is why a summary also tests your understanding. C. Your purpose will tell you which facts to keep. D. They make the relationship between facts easier to see. E. As a result, the summary becomes too long and confusing. 【答案】41.E 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.B 【导语】本文介绍撰写事实摘要的方法，包括明确目的、核查事实、连接信息和使用自己的语言，帮助读者快速抓住重点。 【详解】41.空前说学生常把找到的所有细节都写进去，E项说明结果是摘要过长且混乱，符合因果关系，故选E。 42.空前询问摘要目的，空后举例说明介绍铁路时应保留哪些事实。C项指出目的决定保留哪些事实，承上启下，故选C。 43.空前强调核查事实且不要随意改数字，空后说明准确性是首要规则。A项指出错误信息会使摘要不可靠，逻辑紧密，故选A。 44.空前提到however, because, therefore能表示时间、原因和结果，D项说明这些词让事实关系更清楚，故选D。 45.空前强调先理解事实再自然表达，B项说明摘要也考查理解能力，符合段落主旨，故选B。 Ⅴ．语法填空（10小题，共20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week, our class made an infographic about two railways between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Before we started, our teacher asked us ____ 46 ____ (collect) key facts from reliable materials. The old railway ____ 47 ____ (complete) in 1909, and it was considered a brilliant achievement. The newer high-speed railway is much ____ 48 ____ (fast), so travel has become more convenient than before. Our group leader divided the work carefully. Li Wei, ____ 49 ____ is good at drawing, designed the map. I was responsible ____ 50 ____ checking numbers and writing a short summary. At first, we put too much information on the poster, ____ 51 ____ it looked crowded. After discussion, we decided ____ 52 ____ (keep) only the most important facts. The final poster ____ 53 ____ (show) in the hallway yesterday. Many students stopped to read it. I learned ____ 54 ____ a clear summary can help people understand history better. Working with my group also made me ____ 55 ____ (confident) than before. 【答案】46.to collect 47.was completed 48.faster 49.who 50.for 51.so 52.to keep 53.was shown 54.that 55.more confident 【详解】46.考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，故填to collect。 47.考查被动语态。主语The old railway与complete之间是被动关系，时间为1909年，应用一般过去时被动语态was completed。 48.考查形容词比较级。much修饰比较级，且后有than before，fast应变为faster。 49.考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Li Wei，且在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 50.考查介词搭配。be responsible for表示“负责……”，故填for。 51.考查连词。前句信息太多，后句海报显得拥挤，前后为因果关系，故填so。 52.考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，故填to keep。 53.考查被动语态。主语The final poster与show之间是被动关系，时间为yesterday，应用was shown。 54.考查宾语从句连接词。learn后接宾语从句，a clear summary can...结构和意义完整，应用that引导。 55.考查比较级。than before提示比较级，confident为多音节形容词，比较级为more confident。 Ⅵ．完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给中文提示补全英文句子。 56．我们想知道这条铁路是怎样提前完成的。 We wonder _____________________ ahead of schedule. 【答案】how the railway was completed 【详解】考查宾语从句与被动语态。从句应用陈述语序；“铁路被完成”用被动语态，故为how the railway was completed。 57．对数字进行两次核查是有必要的。 _____________________ the numbers twice. 【答案】It is necessary to check 【详解】考查It is + adj. + to do sth.结构。真正主语为to check the numbers twice，句首用It作形式主语。 58．我们应该选择足够清楚、便于核查的事实。 We should choose facts _____________________. 【答案】that are clear enough to check 【详解】考查定语从句与enough to结构。facts为先行词，that are clear enough to check表示“足够清楚、便于核查的事实”。 59．这个展板昨天在走廊里展出了。 The poster _____________________ in the hallway yesterday. 【答案】was shown 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。主语poster与show之间为被动关系，时间状语yesterday提示一般过去时，故填was shown。 60．他毕业后决定返回家乡。 He decided _____________________ after graduation. 【答案】to return to his hometown 【详解】考查固定搭配。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”；return to his hometown表示“返回家乡”。 Ⅶ．应用写作（1小题，共10分） 61．你班将制作一张关于“Jingzhang Railway and Jingzhang High-Speed Railway”的英文信息图。请给组员写一封简短邮件，说明分工、完成时间和注意事项。正文约40词。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】Dear members, Let's finish our infographic by Thursday afternoon. Li Hua will draw the route map, Wang Mei will check key numbers, and I will write the summary. Please use clear facts and simple English. We will meet at 4:30 to revise it together. Yours, Chen Ming 【词汇积累】infographic信息图；route map路线图；key numbers关键数字；revise修改。 【句式拓展】Li Hua will..., Wang Mei will..., and I will...可用于说明分工；Please use...可用于提出要求。 【点睛】范文格式完整，交代分工、完成时间和注意事项，语气自然，适合班级协作邮件。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $