精品解析：广东广州市执信中学等五校2025-2026学年高二上学期期末联考模拟英语测试试题

2024学年上学期高二(上)期末五校联考英语试卷 二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company. A. despite… which B. regardless… that C. in spite of… that D. against… in which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词及同位语从句的引导词。句意：乔布斯被他雇用和信任的人从苹果公司解雇，尽管他是公司的合伙人。A. despite即使，尽管；B. regardless不管，不顾；C. in spite of尽管；不管，不顾；D. against反对。regardless 需与of连用，因此B项错误；against的意义不符合句意的需要，因此D项错误；despite 和in spite of都可以使用。分析句子结构可知，第二个空格后的句子的成分和语意都是完整的，这里需要填入that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact，因此A项的which错误。故选C。 2. It was ________ he came back to China that year ________ he realized what his lifelong career should be. A. when; when B. not until; when C. not until; that D. that; that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：直到那年他回到中国，他才意识到自己毕生的事业应该是什么。分析句子可知，该句为强调句型，其基本结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其余部分”。本题强调的是时间状语从句，结合句意可知，此处应用“not until (直到……才)”来表达时间的限制，即强调“not until he came back to China that year”。 3. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, ________ it was so poorly equipped. A. that; when B. what; when C. what; which D. which; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：那所学校发生了巨大的变化。它不再是20年前的样子了，那时它的设备非常简陋。It is no longer是主句，________ it was 20 years ago是连接词引导的表语从句，该连接词作was的表语，表示“……的样子”，选项中的what作连接代词，符合题干要求，排除AD；________ it was so poorly equipped是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词20 years ago，该定语从句结构完整，缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。综上所述，选项B符合要求。 4. — The actor ________ in the news has excellent performance in his new film. — That’s ________ I don’t agree. I think his expression is fake in the film. A. mentioned; where B. mentioning; how C. mention; when D. mentioned; what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——新闻中提到的那位演员在他的新电影中表现出色。——那是我不同意的地方。我认为他在电影中的表情很假。第一空，名词actor与动词mention之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，故使用过去分词mentioned作后置定语。第二空引导表语从句，从句缺少抽象的地点状语，表示“在这一点上”。That’s where I don’t agree. 意为“那是我不同意的地方”。 5. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ________, we refused his offer. A. not finishing B. had not been finished C. not having finished D. not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：Walter离开办公室时主动提出让我们搭便车，但由于我们的工作还没完成，我们拒绝了他的提议。but连接两个并列分句，but后的分句中谓语为refused，本空用非谓语动词。名词our work与动词finish之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词表被动，表示未完成，用否定结构not finished，与our work构成独立主格结构。 6. There was a loud noise ________ the sudden burst of light, ________ the dogs in the farm. A. followed; frightening B. followed; frightened C. following; frightened D. following; frightening 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：突然的闪光之后传来一声巨响，吓坏了农场里的狗。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“was”，所以两空均应用非谓语动词形式。第一空，“noise”和“follow”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式following作后置定语；第二空，巨响吓坏了狗，表示自然而然的结果，“noise”与“frighten”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式frightening作结果状语。 7. ________ is not known how this phenomenon has come into being — in a culture ________ so many people strive to look the same way, and any slight difference in appearance rapidly singles you out. A. It; where B. What; where C. Which; where D. As; in which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：目前尚不清楚这种现象是如何形成的——在一个很多人都力求看起来一样的文化中，外表上的任何细微差异都会让你显得格外扎眼。第一空使用it作形式主语，真正的主语为how引导的主语从句；第二空引导定语从句，先行词为culture，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。 8. She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to ________ her. A. be seeing B. seeing C. see D. have seen 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她一定很期待他的归来，就像他自己也同样期待见到她一样。本句为as...as...引导的比较状语从句，后半句为了避免重复进行了省略，其完整形式为as he himself is (looking forward) to ________ her。固定搭配look forward to doing sth.意为“期待做某事”，其中to为介词，其后应接动名词作宾语。此处表示一般的期待动作，没有“正在进行”的意味，无需使用进行式，因此填入seeing。 9. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look. A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久，这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词，后面需要动名词，而且城市是被夷为平地，所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。 10. Beijing's new international airport ___________ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually. A. being put B. to be put C. put D. putting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：将于2019年投入使用的北京新国际机场将会每年为7200万乘客提供服务。put into use与其逻辑主语Beijing's new international airport构成动宾关系，且根据时间状语in 2019可知，此处应使用不定式的被动形式to be done，to be done表将来，被动。故选B。 【点睛】常考的动词不定式 “五式” 1) 一般式（to do）：强调与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式（to have done）：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉给您带来这么多麻烦。 3) 进行式(to be doing)： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4) 被动式（to be done）： 表示将来，被动的动作。 There will be a new skyscraper to be built here.这儿将建一座新的摩天大楼。 5）否定式（not to do）： He was told not to leave without permission.他被告知不能在未经许可的情况下离开。 在本题中，首先，put into use与其逻辑主语Beijing's new international airport构成动宾关系；其次，且有很明显的表示将来的时间状语in 2019，故应使用不定时的被动形式to be done。 11. Mrs. Jones was annoyed that the sweeping machine she ________ was out of order again. A. had it repaired B. was repairing C. repaired D. had had repaired 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：Mrs. Jones很生气，因为她已经修好的扫地机又坏了。她使扫地机被修，have sth. done是固定短语，意为“使某物被……”，修理扫地机的动作在was annoyed前发生，因此空格处是had had repaired，其中“had had”为过去完成时助动词（第一个“had”表时态，第二个“had”为使役动词），表示“在‘was annoyed’之前已经让别人完成修理”；正确因时态符合动作先后顺序（修理先于机器出问题），且“have something repaired”结构准确表达“安排他人修理”的被动含义，与“again”（再次）呼应。故选D。 12. He suddenly realized that it was the first time for years that he ________ so much joy with others. A. was experiencing B. has experienced C. had experienced D. experienced 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：他突然意识到，这是多年来他第一次和别人一同感受到如此多的快乐。固定句型“It was the first time that...”，意为“这是第一次……”，该句型中that引导的从句用过去完成时，本题中谓语用had experienced。 13. The event that _________ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when I was 14 years old. It has never escaped. A. stood out B. stands out C. would stand out D. has stood out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在我的记忆中最突出的事件发生在1983年的一个早晨，当时我14岁。它从未逃出过我的记忆。分析句子可知，“ that _________ in my memory”是定语从句，修饰event，句子的谓语动词是happened，根据句意，从句指目前的一种事实，所以要用一般现在时。故选B。 14. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he ________ for the wedding. A. had planned B. was planning C. has planned D. had been planning 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的朋友约翰上周刚结婚，他为婚礼花的钱比他原计划的多出了3000美元。主句谓语动词为spent，时态用一般过去时，而plan“计划”这一动作发生在spent之前，即表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，从句谓语用had planned。 15. Jane ________ as a tourist guide for three years and now she is a teacher in our school. A. had worked B. has been working C. worked D. was working 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：简当了三年的导游，现在她是我们学校的一名老师。根据后半句“now she is a teacher in our school”可知，简现在是一名老师，说明她当导游的动作发生在过去，并且已经结束，与现在没有联系。表示过去发生并结束的动作，应使用一般过去时。 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs. Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 16. What is the purpose of this text? A. To raise money for local artists. B. To release a collection of artwork. C. To introduce a cultural festival. D. To call for artworks for a project. 17. How long will the public art signs be on display? A. Ten days. B. Three weeks. C. One month. D. Two months. 18. Which of the following meets the application requirements? A. A 150-word poem. B. A 100-word self-introduction. C. A 300-word story. D. A 200-word artwork statement. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合文化日征集本地艺术家作品，涵盖视觉与文学类型，明确报酬、时间节点及提交材料要求，作品将在指定时段展示。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. (伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目将在贝希威亚海滩举办一系列临时公共艺术标识，与安大略文化日活动同步进行。该项目将挑选 10 名视觉艺术家和 10 名作家来创作作品，这些作品将被展示在多用途路径上的临时标识牌上。此次征集面向伯灵顿本地的艺术家，并且接受所有能够以标识形式呈现的艺术形式的投稿。)”可知，文章核心内容是伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合安大略文化日，面向本地艺术家征集可用于标牌展示的艺术作品（包括视觉艺术和文学作品），同时明确了征集要求、时间节点、报酬及提交材料。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是为一个项目征集艺术作品。故选D项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Estimated Project Timeline部分，作品展示时间为“September 23 — October 13 (9月23日至10月13日)”计算可知，9月剩余8天（23日 - 30日），10月展示13天，总计21天，即三周。故选B项。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据Application Package中“Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (作品说明：请提供一份简短的说明（最多150个词），阐述您的作品理念。)”、“Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. (文字投稿：投稿内容不得超过 250 个词。可以是独立的作品，比如一首诗或一篇短篇小说，也可以是从一篇较大作品中选取的一部分。)”以及“Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. (艺术家简介：请以第三人称撰写一段简短的艺术家介绍（最多50个词）。)”可知，A选项“150 词的诗歌”符合写作类作品“最多250 词”的要求，正确。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A项。 B When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 19. What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A. Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B. Students’ false assumptions about learning. C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D. The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 20. Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A. To teach an engineering skill. B. To explain the structure of a car. C. To share a real-life experience. D. To illustrate a scientific concept. 21. What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A. A higher class attendance rate. B. Better examination results. C. A closer teacher-student bond. D. More spare time for students. 22. Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A. Innovative. B. Humorous. C. Decisive. D. Sympathetic. 【答案】19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师为打破学生对学习的错误认知，将自己的爱好融入课堂教学的经历，介绍了该教学方式的具体实践、初衷，以及意外收获的师生关系升温的效果，最终这一做法成为其教学理念，不仅让课堂更生动，还能启发学生找到自身的兴趣热情。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests (作为一名教师，工作的很大一部分是纠正学生的错误认知。学生们走进教室时，往往认为学习毫无乐趣，所学的知识与现实世界无关，更不用说和他们的个人兴趣相关了)”可知，教师面临的一大挑战是学生对于学习的错误设想，认为学习无趣且和现实、自身兴趣无关。故选B。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (我是一名汽车爱好者，所以教物理时，我会用汽车相关知识为物理概念创设情境。比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室，让学生用它们做实验，看看摩擦力在现实生活中是如何起作用的)”可知，作者将轮胎带到教室，是为了借助实物实验，让学生理解摩擦力这一科学概念在现实中的应用，也就是阐释科学概念。故选D。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them (起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能提高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密的关系)”可知，作者将爱好融入课堂的初衷是提升参与度、帮助学生理解概念，而意外的结果是师生之间的联系变得更加紧密。故选C。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，通过第二段“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (例如，如果我们要讨论摩擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活中是如何工作的)”和最后一段“What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy.Even when I'm planning classes，I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies.I find that doing so energizes my instruction，engages my students，and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world.Best of all，my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.(最初的尝试如今已演变成一种教学理念。即使在备课的时候，我也会思考如何把爱好融入教学。我发现这样做能让我的课堂更有活力，吸引学生的注意力，并向他们展示抽象概念在现实世界中的具体体现。最重要的是，我对爱好的热情似乎能激励他们满怀热情地去寻找属于自己的兴趣所在)”可知，作者作为教师，敢于创新教学方式，打破学生对学习的固有认知，是富有创新精神的。故选A。 C Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews. The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel. The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi says. When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers — or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in. The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign. 23. Which aspect of the study does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its design. B. Its findings. C. Its purposes. D. Its significance. 24. What does the underlined word “glowing” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Funny. B. Abusive. C. Insightful. D. Praising. 25. What kind of review would readers most likely trust? A. A long, positive one. B. An unemotional, negative one. C. A short, negative one. D. An enthusiastic, positive one. 26. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many companies are producing fake reviews. B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal. C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews. 【答案】23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于虚假评论的一项研究，包括研究设计、结果发现以及AI生成虚假评论带来的识别难题等内容。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel.(该研究使用了芝加哥酒店的1600条评论作为数据集，其中一些是真实的，另一些是虚假的。这些评论被呈现给400名受试者，每位受试者要阅读8条评论：两组均衡的评论，包括2条虚假好评、2条真实好评、2条虚假差评和2条真实差评，以随机顺序呈现。这些评论由获得酒店相关信息的真实人员撰写。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了这项研究的数据集、受试者以及评论呈现方式等，即研究的设计情况。B项“它的发现”、C项“它的目的”、D项“它的意义”均未在第二段体现，故选A项。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short.(另一方面，冗长的好评被认为是可疑的，受试者往往更信任那些保持glowing评论简短的作者。)”可知，此处“glowing reviews”与前文“positive review（好评）”构成同义指代，由此猜测glowing意为“赞美的、表扬的”。A项“有趣的”、B项“辱骂的”、C项“有洞察力的”均不符合语境，故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants.(一条包含大量信息的冗长酒店差评，往往更能让受试者信服。)”和“The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in.(负面评论越冷静客观，就越有可能让读者相信。)”可知，读者最有可能相信的是冷静客观、不带强烈情绪的差评。A项“冗长的好评”与“冗长的好评被认为可疑”相悖；C项“简短的差评”与“冗长的差评更有说服力”不符；D项“热情洋溢的好评”与“情绪强烈的评论不被信任”相悖，故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign.(为阿齐米的研究撰写的虚假评论是由人类编写的，但如今越来越多的虚假评论由人工智能生成，这使得它们看起来更真实。尽管许多公司使用算法来清除虚假评论，但阿齐米指出，这些机器是由人类编程的，而考虑到我们识别虚假评论的能力有限，这并不是一个好迹象。)”可推断，随着AI生成的虚假评论越来越逼真，未来识别虚假评论将会变得更加困难。A项“许多公司在生成虚假评论”文中未提及；B项“撰写虚假评论将被宣布为非法”文中未提及；C项“机器能准确检测虚假评论”与“算法由人类编程，识别能力有限”相悖，故选D项。 D Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP — an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants. In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes — how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly. The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog (目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. “Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.” 27. What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve? A. Keeping more carbon in plants. B. Optimizing the use of energy. C. Enhancing biological diversity. D. Reducing carbon absorption. 28. Why did Pereira create SLEAP? A. To generate plant images. B. To conduct research on animals. C. To study climate patterns. D. To track features of root growth. 29. What will SLEAP help the scientists do? A. Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B. Collect samples of plant root systems. C. Identify genes for desirable plant roots. D. Preserve the genes of endangered plants. 30. What can be inferred from Pereira’s words? A. Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B. Computer programming is a must for scientists. C. Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D. Cooperation outweighs competition in research. 【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述索尔克研究所科学家为固碳优化植物根系，将原追踪动物AI工具SLEAP应用于研究植物根系表型，助力筛选有益基因，这也是跨学科合作的成果。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization ( 优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. (索尔克研究所的科学家们通过强化植物根系，利用其吸收二氧化碳的天然能力。这一优化旨在增加碳的储存量并延长其储存时间。)”可知，索尔克研究所的科学家们希望让植物储存更多的碳。故选A项。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. (SLEAP 由索尔克研究所的塔尔莫・佩雷拉研发，最初被设计用于在实验室中追踪动物的活动。)”可知，佩雷拉研发SLEAP是为了开展动物相关研究。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. (此外，追踪这些植物根系的物理特征，有助于科学家找到与这些特征相关的基因，同时还能弄清多种根系特征是由同一基因决定，还是各自独立调控。这也让索尔克研究所的研究团队能够确定，哪些基因对其植物育种研究最具利用价值。)”可知，SLEAP能帮助科学家识别出利于培育理想根系的基因。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段佩雷拉的话“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts. (我们不只是从不同学科中‘借鉴’，而是真正让各学科处于平等地位，以创造出比各部分总和更有价值的成果。)”可知，跨学科的研究方法能够促进创新。故选C项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs? Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep? ____31____ You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. ____32____ Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. This type of rereading is called regression. Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. ____33____ If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday. Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. ____34____ Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” ____35____ Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. A. Both are to blame. B. Probably the latter is true. C. Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. D. Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud. E. Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not. F. Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. G. Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. 【答案】31. B 32. E 33. C 34. F 35. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍阅读中因打瞌睡导致的回读现象，分析原因并给出专注阅读、克服该习惯的建议。 【31题详解】 根据上文“Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep? (是因为材料太难，第一次读不懂，还是因为你打瞌睡了？)”以及下文“You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. (你在打盹或做白日梦。)”可知，此处应承接上文的两个疑问，明确更可能是后者（打瞌睡）的情况，B选项“Probably the latter is true. (可能后者是对的。)”中的the latter指代上文because you are asleep，与下文的打盹、做白日梦相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 【32题详解】 根据上文“Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. (读到页面中间，你意识到自己根本不知道读了什么。)”以及下文“Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. (因此，你回去重读，不是因为你不懂，而是因为你没有集中注意力。)”可知，此处应体现眼睛在看但大脑没专注的状态，E选项“Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not. (你的眼睛在看，但你的大脑没有投入。)”既解释了为什么不知道读了什么，又为下文“没集中注意力”的原因做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 【33题详解】 根据上文“Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. (集中注意力。想象即将接收的观点，并将新材料与你已有的知识联系起来。)”以及下文“If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday. (如果你的大脑真的专注于文本，你就不会去想周五晚上或周六去哪里。)”可知，此处应强调阅读时要思考观点而非只看文字，C选项“Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. (不要只看文字，要思考其中的观点。)”与上文Engage your mind和下文mind is truly occupied with the text相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。 【34题详解】 根据上文“First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. (首先，要意识到自己何时以及为何会回读。)”以及下文“Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” (比如，“好的。我因为想别的事情错过了那一段，但我会继续读下去，并开始集中注意力。”)”可知，此处应体现意识到回读原因后，要拒绝回读以打破习惯，F选项“Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. (然后，开始拒绝自己回读的权利，以打破这个习惯。)”中的Then承接上文First of all，denying yourself the right与下文keep on going相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 【35题详解】 根据下文“Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. (善于监控自己理解程度的优秀读者会在阅读过程中使用它。然而，因为打瞌睡而回读是浪费时间。)”可知，此处应区分两种回读，强调因不懂而回读是合理的，G选项“Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. (因为不懂而回读是一种合理的补救策略。)”中的Rereading because you did not understand与下文regressing because your mind was asleep形成对比，reasonable fix-up strategy与下文use it in the reading process相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) During my childhood, I had survived many incidents, most related to riding my bike. I ____36____ a bike on my 9th birthday from my parents, and I loved it. My older sister also had one, and we would ride almost daily. One day, our cousin paid us a visit. We took out our bikes, and since we only had two, we took turns riding them. Soon we got bored and decided to seek something more ____37____. My sister suggested playing red and green light, and we all agreed. She played as the light, while my cousin and I as ____38____. After a couple of rounds, my sister instructed us to ____39____ each other for the last round. She said “green light”, and we ____40____ full speed towards each other. Somehow, our bikes ran into each other, and we crashed. I ____41____ and landed face-first, with my knees and arms bleeding and my ___42___ sprained. The pain was ____43____, and I screamed and cried. My dad heard my cries and ran to me. He ____44____ me inside, and my mom came downstairs to see me in a state of suffering. She ____45____ my severe wounds with the aid kit, especially my ankle, and the mention of my favorite General Tso’s chicken ____46____ me and eased my pain. It was clear that my sister was to blame for the accident — her ____47____ in the game had led to the crash. She approached, casting me a(n) ____48____ look and asking for forgiveness, and I forgave her but let her know that tricks weren’t allowed anymore. From that day on, we agreed to let the ____49____ of that incident fade into the past, learning from the lessons it had taught us and the strength it had ____50____ the fabric of our relationship. 36. A. purchased B. earned C. received D. hired 37. A. engaging B. entertaining C. ambitious D. ideal 38. A. bikes B. cars C. planes D. policemen 39. A. persuade B. follow C. accompany D. face 40. A. cycled B. marched C. wandered D. proceeded 41. A. flew off B. fell off C. switched off D. got off 42. A. wrist B. ankle C. shoulder D. knee 43. A. uneasy B. untouchable C. unbearable D. unavoidable 44. A. dragged B. carried C. pushed D. walked 45. A. questioned B. worried C. examined D. treated 46. A. comforted B. amused C. inspired D. motivated 47. A. competence B. innovation C. function D. leadership 48. A. encouraging B. indifferent C. regretful D. pessimistic 49. A. shadows B. memories C. conflicts D. settings 50. A. run into B. broken into C. turned into D. integrated into 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者9岁生日收到自行车，和姐姐、表弟玩骑车游戏时相撞受伤，父母及时照料，姐姐愧疚道歉，作者选择原谅，这次经历让他们的感情更加牢固。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我九岁生日那天，父母送给我一辆自行车，我非常喜欢它。A. purchased购买；B. earned赚取；C. received收到；D. hired雇佣。根据后文“a bike on my 9th birthday from my parents, and I loved it”可知，作者生日的时候收到自行车作为礼物。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快我们就感到厌倦了，于是决定寻找一些更有趣的事情来做。A. engaging有吸引力的；B. entertaining有趣的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. ideal理想的。根据上文“Soon we got bored”可知，他们觉得无聊，想找更有趣、吸引人的事做。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她扮演的是光源的角色，而我和我表弟则分别扮演了汽车的角色。A. bikes自行车；B. cars汽车；C. planes飞机；D. policemen警察。根据上文“My sister suggested playing red and green light, and we all agreed.”可知，玩红绿灯游戏，姐姐当灯，作者和表弟扮演汽车。故选B。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几轮之后，我姐姐让我们面对面进行最后一轮比赛。A. persuade说服；B. follow跟随；C. accompany陪伴；D. face面对。根据后文“our bikes ran into each other”可知，最后一轮让他们面对面骑。故选D。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喊了声“开绿灯”，然后我们便全速朝着对方骑去。A. cycled骑自行车；B. marched行军；C. wandered闲逛；D. proceeded继续。根据后文“Somehow, our bikes ran into each other, and we crashed.”可知，他们便全速朝着对方骑去。故选A。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我猛地一跳，结果整个人扑倒在地，膝盖和胳膊都流血了，脚踝也扭伤了。A. flew off飞走；B. fell off掉落；C. switched off关闭；D. got off下车。根据上文“Somehow, our bikes ran into each other, and we crashed.”可知，两车相撞，作者从车上摔下来。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我猛地一跳，结果整个人扑倒在地，膝盖和胳膊都流血了，脚踝也扭伤了。A. wrist手腕；B. ankle脚踝；C. shoulder肩膀；D. knee膝盖。后文“especially my ankle”提到妈妈特别处理了脚踝，所以是脚踝扭伤。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那种疼痛简直无法忍受，我痛哭流涕地大喊起来。A. uneasy不安的；B. untouchable不可触摸的；C. unbearable难以忍受的；D. unavoidable不可避免的。根据后文“I screamed and cried”可知，疼痛难以忍受，所以尖叫大哭。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把我抱了进去，而我的妈妈则下楼来看着我那痛苦的样子。A. dragged拖拽；B. carried搬运，抱着；C. pushed推；D. walked走路。根据作者脚踝受伤以及后文“me inside, and my mom came downstairs to see me in a state of suffering”可知，作者受伤被爸爸抱进屋。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用药箱处理了我严重的伤口，尤其是脚踝，一提到我最爱吃的左宗棠鸡，就安慰了我，缓解了疼痛。A. questioned询问；B. worried担心；C. examined检查；D. treated治疗。根据后文“my severe wounds with the aid kit, especially my ankle”可知，妈妈用急救包治疗伤口。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用药箱处理了我严重的伤口，尤其是脚踝，一提到我最爱吃的左宗棠鸡，就安慰了我，缓解了疼痛。A. comforted安慰；B. amused逗乐；C. inspired激励；D. motivated激发。根据后文“me and eased my pain”可知，最爱的菜安慰了作者，缓解了疼痛。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，是我姐姐造成了这次事故——她在游戏中的作用导致了车辆的碰撞。A. competence能力；B. innovation创新；C. function操作，作用；D. leadership领导力。根据上文“She played as the light”和后文“in the game had led to the crash”可知，姐姐在游戏里的操作失误导致了撞车。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她走了过来，向我投来歉意的目光，并请求我的原谅，我原谅了她，但同时告诉她，以后不能再使用这种手段了。A. encouraging鼓励的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. regretful后悔的；D. pessimistic悲观的。根据后文“asking for forgiveness”可知，姐姐造成事故，投来歉意的目光，并请求原谅。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我们决定让那起事件的阴影随时间一同消逝，从它所给予我们的教训中汲取经验，在我们之间的关系中融入它的力量。A. shadows影子，阴影；B. memories回忆；C. conflicts冲突；D. settings环境。根据后文“of that incident fade into the past”可知，事故导致作者受伤，所以是阴影。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那天起，我们决定让那起事件的阴影随时间一同消逝，从它所给予我们的教训中汲取经验，在我们之间的关系中融入它的力量。A. run into偶遇；B. broken into闯入；C. turned into变成；D. integrated into融入。根据后文“the fabric of our relationship”可知，这次经历带来的力量融入了他们的感情。故选D。 第二部分 非选择题(共30分) 五、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) ____51____ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held ____52____ her arms, counting down the flashing green ____53____ (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes ____54____ (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, ____55____ (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____56____ always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____57____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over ____58____ uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back ____59____ my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many ____60____ (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】51. to finish 52. in 53. numbers 54. watching 55. excitement 56. that##which 57. being pushed 58. the 59. and 60. seemingly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与母亲一起度过的快乐时光，以及母亲如何将平凡的日常活动变得充满乐趣。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one’s arms表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。 【53题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。number“数字”是可数名词，此处指多个数字，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填numbers。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，就像它是一艘太空火箭的倒计时，兴奋和紧张一直持续到最后一刻：哔！本句已有谓语动词would dance，此处为独立主格结构，our eyes与watch之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填 watching。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 【56题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我记得坐在在超市的手推车里被推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面就像坐过山车一样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【59题详解】 考查连词。句意：她会加速，风吹着我们的头发向后飘，而我小小的声音喊着：“呜呜呜！”本空连接两个并列的独立主格结构the wind blowing our hair back和my tiny voice singing out为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处修饰形容词uneventful，应用副词seemingly“看似”，作状语。故填seemingly。 六、应用文写作(共1题，满分15分) 61. 假如你是李华，最近参观了博物馆举办的绘画展，你的外国朋友Daniel对此很感兴趣，写信向你咨询细节，请你写一封回信。内容包括： 1．活动亮点； 2．观展感受。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Daniel, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Daniel, Pleased to know that you are interested in the painting exhibition at the National Museum, I’m writing to share some details about my recent visit, which featured a collection of traditional Chinese paintings. One of the highlights was Tang Yin’s masterpiece Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, immersing viewers in a Ming Dynasty winter landscape. Renowned for its masterful brushwork, this artwork vividly depicts snow-covered mountains, trees, and houses with strokes so fluid and natural that the snow appears freshly fallen. I was deeply moved by the artist’s ability to capture nature’s serene beauty. This experience has deepened my appreciation for the timeless elegance of Chinese art. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的外国朋友Daniel写信告诉他关于你参观的博物馆举办绘画展的详细情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → take interest in 分享：share → have a share in 有名的：renowned → famous 感动：move → touch 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：One of the highlights was Tang Yin’s masterpiece Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, immersing viewers in a Ming Dynasty winter landscape. 拓展句：One of the highlights was Tang Yin’s masterpiece Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, which immersed viewers in a Ming Dynasty winter landscape. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share some details about my recent visit, which featured a collection of traditional Chinese paintings.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Renowned for its masterful brushwork, this artwork vividly depicts snow-covered mountains, trees, and houses with strokes so fluid and natural that the snow appears freshly fallen.（运用了so…that…连接的结果状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年上学期高二(上)期末五校联考英语试卷 二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company. A. despite… which B. regardless… that C. in spite of… that D. against… in which 2. It was ________ he came back to China that year ________ he realized what his lifelong career should be. A. when; when B. not until; when C. not until; that D. that; that 3. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, ________ it was so poorly equipped. A. that; when B. what; when C. what; which D. which; that 4. — The actor ________ in the news has excellent performance in his new film. — That’s ________ I don’t agree. I think his expression is fake in the film. A. mentioned; where B. mentioning; how C. mention; when D. mentioned; what 5. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ________, we refused his offer. A. not finishing B. had not been finished C. not having finished D. not finished 6. There was a loud noise ________ the sudden burst of light, ________ the dogs in the farm. A. followed; frightening B. followed; frightened C. following; frightened D. following; frightening 7. ________ is not known how this phenomenon has come into being — in a culture ________ so many people strive to look the same way, and any slight difference in appearance rapidly singles you out. A. It; where B. What; where C. Which; where D. As; in which 8. She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to ________ her. A. be seeing B. seeing C. see D. have seen 9. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look. A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced 10. Beijing's new international airport ___________ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually. A. being put B. to be put C. put D. putting 11. Mrs. Jones was annoyed that the sweeping machine she ________ was out of order again. A. had it repaired B. was repairing C. repaired D. had had repaired 12. He suddenly realized that it was the first time for years that he ________ so much joy with others. A. was experiencing B. has experienced C. had experienced D. experienced 13. The event that _________ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when I was 14 years old. It has never escaped. A. stood out B. stands out C. would stand out D. has stood out 14. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he ________ for the wedding. A. had planned B. was planning C. has planned D. had been planning 15. Jane ________ as a tourist guide for three years and now she is a teacher in our school. A. had worked B. has been working C. worked D. was working 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs. Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 16. What is the purpose of this text? A. To raise money for local artists. B. To release a collection of artwork. C. To introduce a cultural festival. D. To call for artworks for a project. 17. How long will the public art signs be on display? A. Ten days. B. Three weeks. C. One month. D. Two months. 18. Which of the following meets the application requirements? A. A 150-word poem. B. A 100-word self-introduction. C. A 300-word story. D. A 200-word artwork statement. B When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 19. What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A. Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B. Students’ false assumptions about learning. C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D. The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 20. Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A. To teach an engineering skill. B. To explain the structure of a car. C. To share a real-life experience. D. To illustrate a scientific concept. 21. What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A. A higher class attendance rate. B. Better examination results. C. A closer teacher-student bond. D. More spare time for students. 22. Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A. Innovative. B. Humorous. C. Decisive. D. Sympathetic. C Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews. The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel. The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi says. When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers — or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in. The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign. 23. Which aspect of the study does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its design. B. Its findings. C. Its purposes. D. Its significance. 24. What does the underlined word “glowing” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Funny. B. Abusive. C. Insightful. D. Praising. 25. What kind of review would readers most likely trust? A. A long, positive one. B. An unemotional, negative one. C. A short, negative one. D. An enthusiastic, positive one. 26. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many companies are producing fake reviews. B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal. C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews. D Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP — an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants. In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes — how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly. The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog (目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. “Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.” 27. What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve? A. Keeping more carbon in plants. B. Optimizing the use of energy. C. Enhancing biological diversity. D. Reducing carbon absorption. 28. Why did Pereira create SLEAP? A. To generate plant images. B. To conduct research on animals. C. To study climate patterns. D. To track features of root growth. 29. What will SLEAP help the scientists do? A. Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B. Collect samples of plant root systems. C. Identify genes for desirable plant roots. D. Preserve the genes of endangered plants. 30. What can be inferred from Pereira’s words? A. Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B. Computer programming is a must for scientists. C. Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D. Cooperation outweighs competition in research. 第二节 七选五(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs? Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep? ____31____ You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. ____32____ Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention. This type of rereading is called regression. Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already know. ____33____ If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday. Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. ____34____ Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” ____35____ Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. A. Both are to blame. B. Probably the latter is true. C. Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. D. Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud. E. Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not. F. Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. G. Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) During my childhood, I had survived many incidents, most related to riding my bike. I ____36____ a bike on my 9th birthday from my parents, and I loved it. My older sister also had one, and we would ride almost daily. One day, our cousin paid us a visit. We took out our bikes, and since we only had two, we took turns riding them. Soon we got bored and decided to seek something more ____37____. My sister suggested playing red and green light, and we all agreed. She played as the light, while my cousin and I as ____38____. After a couple of rounds, my sister instructed us to ____39____ each other for the last round. She said “green light”, and we ____40____ full speed towards each other. Somehow, our bikes ran into each other, and we crashed. I ____41____ and landed face-first, with my knees and arms bleeding and my ___42___ sprained. The pain was ____43____, and I screamed and cried. My dad heard my cries and ran to me. He ____44____ me inside, and my mom came downstairs to see me in a state of suffering. She ____45____ my severe wounds with the aid kit, especially my ankle, and the mention of my favorite General Tso’s chicken ____46____ me and eased my pain. It was clear that my sister was to blame for the accident — her ____47____ in the game had led to the crash. She approached, casting me a(n) ____48____ look and asking for forgiveness, and I forgave her but let her know that tricks weren’t allowed anymore. From that day on, we agreed to let the ____49____ of that incident fade into the past, learning from the lessons it had taught us and the strength it had ____50____ the fabric of our relationship. 36. A. purchased B. earned C. received D. hired 37. A. engaging B. entertaining C. ambitious D. ideal 38. A. bikes B. cars C. planes D. policemen 39. A. persuade B. follow C. accompany D. face 40. A. cycled B. marched C. wandered D. proceeded 41. A. flew off B. fell off C. switched off D. got off 42. A. wrist B. ankle C. shoulder D. knee 43. A. uneasy B. untouchable C. unbearable D. unavoidable 44. A. dragged B. carried C. pushed D. walked 45. A. questioned B. worried C. examined D. treated 46. A. comforted B. amused C. inspired D. motivated 47. A. competence B. innovation C. function D. leadership 48. A. encouraging B. indifferent C. regretful D. pessimistic 49. A. shadows B. memories C. conflicts D. settings 50. A. run into B. broken into C. turned into D. integrated into 第二部分 非选择题(共30分) 五、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) ____51____ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held ____52____ her arms, counting down the flashing green ____53____ (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes ____54____ (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, ____55____ (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____56____ always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____57____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over ____58____ uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back ____59____ my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many ____60____ (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 六、应用文写作(共1题，满分15分) 61. 假如你是李华，最近参观了博物馆举办的绘画展，你的外国朋友Daniel对此很感兴趣，写信向你咨询细节，请你写一封回信。内容包括： 1．活动亮点； 2．观展感受。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Daniel, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $