Unit 3 Same or Different Section A (1a～Pronunciation) 学案 2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦人教版八年级上册Unit 3人物比较与发音，核心知识点包括描述人物异同的词汇、比较级句型及/ɜː/音、弱读、语调等发音规则。通过课前预习的词汇表、关键问句辨析和反义词练习搭建学习支架，衔接旧知与新知，为课堂探究奠定基础。 资料亮点在于听力任务分层设计，从地点勾选到人物匹配并标注证据关键词，引导学生抓取关键信息提升语言能力。比较级规则归纳表格和语音知识探究（发音要领、语调标注）培养观察对比的思维品质，自主总结规律发展学习能力，习题针对性强助力目标语言运用。

Unit 3 Same or Different — Section A (1a~Pronunciation) 学案 —— 人物比较与发音 2026-2027学年 人教版八年级上册 班级 姓名 学号 日期 课题 Unit 3 Section A (1a~Pronunciation): 人物比较与发音 学习目标 ① 语言能力：掌握描述人物相似与不同的核心词汇（outgoing, boring, quiet, hard-working, perform, solve, show等）和比较级句型；能听懂关于人物比较的对话并获取关键信息；能运用目标语言描述人物异同。 ② 学习能力：通过听前预测、听中抓取关键信息、听后模仿操练的方式提升听说技能；通过归纳总结发现比较级的构成规律。 ③ 思维品质：培养观察对比和逻辑分析能力，能从多个维度对人物进行比较。 ④ 文化意识：了解英语中委婉表达和礼貌比较的交际策略，理解语音语调在交际中的重要作用。 板块一：课前预习 Pre-class Preview ❶ 重点词汇与短语预习表 单词/短语 释义 例句填空 outgoing 外向的 Tom is more ________ than Jack. boring 无聊的 The book is really ________. quiet 安静的 She is very ________ in class. hard-working 勤奋的 Chen Jie is very ________. perform 表演 I am afraid of ________ alone. solve 解决 They ________ the problem together. show 展示 Can you ________ me your photo? compare 比较 Don't ________ me with others. identical 完全相同的 They wear ________ clothes. bookish 书呆子气的 He is quiet and ________. ❷ 三个关键问句辨析 Q1: What does she look like? 询问的是________（外貌/爱好/性格） A1: ________________________________________________________________ Q2: What does she like? 询问的是________（外貌/爱好/性格） A2: ________________________________________________________________ Q3: What is she like? 询问的是________（外貌/爱好/性格） A3: ________________________________________________________________ Q4: 请写出三个问句对应的典型答语。 A4: ________________________________________________________________________. Q5: 用英语描述你最好的朋友的外貌、爱好和性格各一句话。 Appearance: ________________________________________________________________ Hobbies: ________________________________________________________________ Personality: ________________________________________________________________ ❸ 反义词预习 请写出下列单词的反义词： 1. fast → ________ 2. shy → ________ 3. late → ________ 4. tall → ________ 5. lazy → ________ 6. loud → ________ 7. funny → ________ 板块二：课堂探究 Class Exploration ❶ 1b 听力任务：地点勾选 Listen to the conversations and tick the correct place. Conversation 1: □ at the music club □ at the music festival Conversation 2: □ at the music club □ at the music festival 我的判断依据：__________________________________________________________ ❷ 1c 完成句子 Listen again and complete the sentences. 1. They are at the school ________ ________. 2. They are going to play ________. 3. ________ plays the Chinese flute better. 4. It is ________ song. ❸ 1d 人物匹配 Listen again and match the people with the descriptions. Write C (Chen Jie), P (Peter), EM (Emma), or EL (Ella). Description Person 证据/关键词 plays Chinese flute better, works harder ________ ________________ more outgoing ________ ________________ taller, sings louder, dances better ________ ________________ longer hair, dances better (Peter's view) ________ ________________ ❹ 听力原文 Conversation 1 (At the music festival) Emma: Wow, Chen Jie! You play the Chinese flute so well! Chen Jie: Thanks, Emma. But I think you sing louder than me. Emma: Really? I think you work harder than me, too. You practise every day. Chen Jie: Yes, I do. But you are taller than me. And you dance better, too. Emma: Thank you! I like dancing very much. Conversation 2 (At the music club) Peter: Hey, Ella! Are you going to perform at the school music festival? Ella: Yes, I am. But I am afraid of performing alone. Peter: Don't worry. You can play a song together with Emma. Ella: Good idea! Emma plays the guitar better than me. Peter: That's true. But you have longer hair than her. And you dance better, too! Ella: Haha, thank you, Peter! You are more outgoing than me. ❺ 1e 比较句型练习 根据表格信息，用比较级完成对话。 1. — Is Ella taller than Emma? — No, she is ________. 2. — Who dances better? — ________ dances better than ________. 3. — Who works harder? — ________ works harder than ________. 4. — Is Peter shyer? — No, Peter is ________. 我的发现：比较级的基本句型是 ________________________________________ ❻ 比较级构成规则归纳 请根据所学，完成下表： 规则类型 原级 → 比较级 例句 一般情况 +er tall → taller Tom is taller than Jack. 以e结尾 +r nice → nicer ________________ 辅音+y 变i+er happy → happier ________________ 重读闭音节 双写+er big → bigger ________________ 多音节形容词 +more outgoing → more outgoing Peter is more outgoing than me. 不规则变化 good → better Emma dances better. ❼ 语音知识探究 A. /ɜː/ 音： 代表单词：shirt /ʃɜːt/, bird /bɜːd/, hurt /hɜːt/, earth /ɜːθ/ 发音要领：舌位________，口型________，发音________（长/短）。 B. 弱读现象： 例词：banana /bəˈnɑːnə/, problem /ˈprɒbləm/, today /təˈdeɪ/, teacher /ˈtiːtʃə/ 规律：在非重读音节中，元音常弱化为________音。 C. 语调： 降调↘适用于：__________________________________________________________ 升调↗适用于：__________________________________________________________ 请标出下列句子的语调： Who plays the Chinese flute better? （________） Is Ella taller than Emma? （________） She is quiet, serious, and shy. （________） Be quick. （________） Be slow. （________） ❽ 语言点归纳 短语/句型 用法说明 例句 我的例句 compare with/to 与……比较；把……比作 Compare A with B. ________________ perform 表演；执行 perform at the festival ________________ play the + 乐器 演奏某种乐器 play the piano ________________ 板块三：课堂练习 Class Practice I. 语音辨析（找出划线部分发音不同的一项） 1. A. again B. angry C. hand D. cat 答案：________ 2. A. term B. person C. terrible D. serve 答案：________ 3. A. nurse B. hurt C. purple D. surprise 答案：________ 4. A. heart B. early C. serve D. bird 答案：________ 5. A. together B. compare C. follow D. second 答案：________ II. 完成句子 1. Chen Jie is afraid of ________ in front of many people. (perform) 2. Peter is good at ________ ________ ________. (play the flute) 3. Make a list to ________ the prices. (compare) 4. Tom is a little more ________ than me. (outgoing) III. 句型转换与运用 1. 用比较级改写句子：Emma is tall. Ella is short. → Emma is ________ than Ella. / Ella is ________ than Emma. 2. 用 more outgoing 造句，比较你和你的同桌。 → ________________________________________________________________ 3. 将下列句子改为比较级问句： Chen Jie works hard. Peter works hard, too. → ________________________________________________________________ 4. 根据情景完成句子： 你想说"不要把我跟别人比" → Don't ________ me ________ others. 你想说"我今晚要在学校演出" → I will ________ at the school tonight. 你想说"她会弹钢琴" → She can ________ ________ ________. 板块四：归纳总结 Summary ❶ 本课语法框架总结 类别 句型结构 例句 外貌询问 What does she/he look like? She has long black hair. 爱好询问 What does she/he like? She likes dancing. 性格询问 What is she/he like? She is outgoing and hard-working. 比较级句型 A is + 比较级 + than B Emma is taller than Chen Jie. ❷ 重点词汇默写框 英文单词/短语 中文释义 outgoing ________ ________ 勤奋的 perform ________ ________ 比较 play the piano ________ ________ 解决 hard-working ________ ❸ 易错点自我提醒 1. What does she look like? / What is she like? / What does she like? 三个问句的区别： look like → ________；be like → ________；like (v.) → ________ 2. 比较级中，多音节形容词要加 ________，如 more outgoing。 3. play + ________ + 乐器，如 play the violin。球类前______ the。 4. be afraid of 后接 ________（do / doing / to do）。 5. 降调↘用于________和________；升调↗用于________。 6. 我还需要注意：__________________________________________________________ 板块五：参考答案 重点词汇与短语预习表答案 1. outgoing 2. boring 3. quiet 4. hard-working 5. performing 6. solve 7. show 8. compare 9. identical 10. bookish 三个关键问句辨析答案 Q1: 外貌；Q2: 爱好；Q3: 性格 A4示例：She has long black hair. / She likes reading. / She is quiet and hard-working. 反义词预习答案 1. slow 2. outgoing 3. early 4. short 5. hard-working 6. quiet 7. boring 1b 听力任务答案 Conversation 1: at the music festival Conversation 2: at the music club 1c 完成句子答案 1. music festival 2. together 3. Ella 4. Emma's 1d 人物匹配答案 Chen Jie (C) → plays Chinese flute better, works harder Peter (P) → more outgoing Emma (EM) → taller, sings louder, dances better Ella (EL) → longer hair, dances better (Peter's view) 1e 比较句型练习答案 1. shorter 2. Ella dances better than Emma. 3. Chen Jie works harder than Emma. 4. more outgoing 比较级基本句型：A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B 语音知识探究答案 /ɜː/ 音：舌位中央，口型自然，发音长。 弱读：在非重读音节中，元音常弱化为 /ə/ 音。 降调↘：陈述句、特殊疑问句(what/who/where)、祈使句(强硬命令)、感叹句、列举最后一项、真诚致歉 升调↗：一般疑问句、复述核实、列举非最后一项、委婉提醒、善意警告、不确定的反义疑问句 语调标注：Who plays...?↘ / Is Ella...?↗ / She is↗ quiet,↗ serious, and↘ shy. / Be↘ quick. / Be↗ slow. 课堂练习答案 I. 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B II. 1. performing 2. playing the flute 3. compare 4. outgoing III. 1. taller; shorter 2. My deskmate is more outgoing than me. / I am more outgoing than my deskmate. 3. Does Chen Jie work harder than Peter? / Who works harder, Chen Jie or Peter? 4. compare...with; perform; play the piano 重点词汇默写框答案 outgoing — 外向的 hard-working — 勤奋的 perform — 表演 compare — 比较 play the piano — 弹钢琴 solve — 解决 易错点自我提醒答案 1. 外貌；性格；爱好 2. more 3. the；不加 4. doing 5. 陈述句和特殊疑问句；一般疑问句和列举非最后一项（答案不唯一，合理即可） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $