Unit 1 This is me（知识清单）英语新教材外研版八年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“Unit 1 This is me”核心内容，涵盖主题场景分类词汇、短语、实用交际句型、现在完成时语法及自我介绍写作，构建从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过11类主题词汇分类、动词/介词短语分级及语法与写作关联呈现知识体系，如“自我与外貌认知”词汇配例句，现在完成时结合标志词对比，培养语言能力和思维品质。设计“助记口诀”（如already与yet用法）、“写作框架模板”，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可精准教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 This is me 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、自我与外貌认知 1. ______ (想，认为)I ______ he is right. (我认为他是对的。) 2. ______ (胎记，胎痣) She has a small ______ on her face. (她脸上有一块小胎记。) 3. ______ (我们自己) We should help ______. (我们应该帮助自己。) 4. ______ (特殊的，特别的) You are ______ to me. (你对我来说很特别。) 5. ______ (差别，差异) There is no ______ between them. (他们之间没有差别。) 6. ______ (身高；高，高度) What is your ______? (你的身高是多少？) 7. ______ (真实地，确实地) I ______ love my family. (我真的爱我的家人。) 二、情绪和态度 1. ______ (讨厌，不喜欢) I ______ getting up early. (我讨厌早起。) 2. ______ (不确定，怀疑；不信任) I ______ his words. (我怀疑他的话。) 3. ______ (害怕，恐惧；担忧) She has a ______ of dark. (她害怕黑暗。) 4. ______ (满意的，满足的) He is ______ with his work. (他对自己的工作很满意。) 5. ______ (意见，看法，主张) What’s your ______? (你的看法是什么？) 三、品质与价值观 1. ______ (友谊) ______ is important. (友谊很重要。) 2. ______ (价值观) We have different ______. (我们有不同的价值观。) 3. ______ (素质；品德，品性) He has good ______. (他品德很好。) 4. ______ (卓越的；极好的) She is an ______ student. (她是一名优秀的学生。) 5. ______ (成功，达成) Work hard and you will ______. (努力你就会成功。) 四、动作与行为 1. ______ (遮盖) ______ your book. (把你的书盖上。) 2. ______ ((用颜料)画，绘) She likes to ______ flowers. (她喜欢画花。) 3. ______ (粘，贴) ______ the picture on the wall. (把画贴在墙上。) 4. ______ (坚持) ______ your dream. (坚持你的梦想。) 5. ______ (代替；而不是) He didn’t go out. ______, he stayed at home. (他没出去，而是待在家里。) 6. ______ (代替……；而不是……) I drank tea ______ coffee. (我喝茶而不是咖啡。) 五、人物与身份 1. ______ (运动员；田径运动员) He is a great ______. (他是一名很棒的运动员。) 2. ______ (年轻人) The ______ runs very fast. (这个年轻人跑得很快。) 3. ______ (男巫) The ______ has magic power. (这个男巫有魔力。) 4. ______ (超人) He wants to be a ______. (他想成为超人。) 5. ______ (英国的；英国人的) He is ______. (他是英国人。) 六、运动与奥运 1. ______ (奥林匹克运动会，奥运会) The ______ are held every four years. (奥运会每四年举办一次。) 2. ______ (奥林匹克运动会的，奥运会的) He took part in the ______ Games. (他参加了奥运会。) 七、地点与环境 1. ______ (浴室，卫生间) The ______ is clean. (卫生间很干净。) 2. ______ (挤满人(物)的；拥挤的) The bus is ______. (公交车很拥挤。) 八、方位与方向 1. ______ (朝另一个方向) Please look ______. (请看向别处。) 2. ______ (在……当中) He is ______ my friends. (他在我的朋友之中。) 3. ______ (一排，一行) Sit in the first ______. (坐在第一排。) 九、逻辑与连接 1. ______ (正好，恰好) It is ______ what I want. (这正是我想要的。) 2. ______ (因此，由此，所以) He is ill. ______, he can’t come. (他病了，所以来不了。) 3. ______ (直到……为止) Wait ______ tomorrow. (等到明天。) 4. ______ (虽然，尽管) ______ he is tired, he works on. (虽然他累了，但他继续工作。) 5. ______ ((用于否定句)还，尚) I haven’t finished ______. (我还没完成。) 6. ______ (总之) ______, we must try. (总之，我们必须试试。) 7. ______ (已经) I have ______ seen it. (我已经看过了。) 8. ______ (在(以前)任何时候；从来) Have you ______ been to Beijing? (你去过北京吗？) 9. ______ (这样的；这种的；如此的) It is ______ a good book. (这是如此好的一本书。) 十、事物与物品 1. ______ (草莓) I like eating ______. (我喜欢吃草莓。) 2. ______ (东西，物) What is that ______? (那个东西是什么？) 3. ______ (脑，大脑) Use your ______. (动动脑筋。) 4. ______ (银制的，银质的) She has a ______ ring. (她有一个银戒指。) 5. ______ (电影业) He works in the ______ ______. (他从事电影业。) 6. ______ (没有任何东西；没有事) There is ______ in the box. (盒子里什么都没有。) 十一、可能与风险 1. ______ (可能的，可能做到的) It is ______ to finish it. (完成它是可能的。) 2. ______ (不可能发生的；办不到的) Nothing is ______. (没有什么是不可能的。) 3. ______ (有危险的，有风险的) It is a ______ plan. (这是一个有风险的计划。) 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ______________ (更好地了解自己) We should ______________. (我们应该更好地了解自己。) 2. ______________ (挑战自我) It’s good to ______________. (挑战自我是件好事。) 3. ______________ (想起；认为) I often ______________ my old friends. (我经常想起我的老朋友。) 4. ______________ (使某人紧张) Exams always ______________. (考试总是让我紧张。) 5. ______________ (和某人分享某物) I like to ______________ my parents. (我喜欢和父母分享我的想法。) 6. ______________ (做出明智的决定) He can ______________. (他能做出明智的决定。) 7. ______________ (擅长) She ______________ English. (她擅长英语。) 8. ______________ (为……自豪) We ______________ our country. (我们为我们的国家感到自豪。) 9. ______________ (发生) The sports meeting will ______________ tomorrow. (运动会明天举行。) 10. ______________ (做笔记) You should ______________ in class. (你应该在课堂上做笔记。) 11. ______________ (专注于) Please ______________ your study. (请专注于你的学习。) 12. ______________ (对……满意) My teacher ______________ my homework. (老师对我的作业很满意。) 13. ______________ (从零开始) I have to ______________. (我必须从零开始。) 14. ______________ (克服恐惧) He tried to ______________. (他努力克服自己的恐惧。) 15. ______________ (坚持) We should ______________ our dreams. (我们应该坚持我们的梦想。) 16. ______________ (接受差异) We should ______________. (我们应该接受他人的差异。) 17. ______________ (阻碍某人) Don’t let fear ______________. (不要让恐惧阻碍你。) 18. ______________ (克服挑战) He can ______________ easily. (他能轻松克服挑战。) 19. ______________ (过去常常做某事) I ______________ get up late. (我过去常常起床很晚。) 20. ______________ (冲向) They ______________ the classroom. (他们冲向教室。) 21. ______________ (坐在某人旁边) May I ______________? (我可以坐在你旁边吗？) 22. ______________ (帮助他人) We should learn to ______________. (我们应该学会帮助他人。) 23. ______________ (创造历史) He wants to ______________. (他想要创造历史。) 24. ______________ (转移目光) Don’t ______________ from me. (别把目光从我身上移开。) 25. ______________ (移开目光) She didn’t ______________. (她没有移开目光。) 二、介词短语 1. ______________ (而不是；代替) I will go ______________ you. (我会代替你去。) 2. ______________ (令某人惊讶的是) ______________, he won the game. (令我惊讶的是，他赢了比赛。) 3. ______________ (以某人自己的方式) He loves me ______________. (他以他自己的方式爱我。) 4. ______________ (只要) You can succeed ______________ you work hard. (只要努力，你就能成功。) 5. ______________ (惊讶地) She looked at me ______________. (她惊讶地看着我。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、自我认知与自我评价 1. ______ may ______ we ______ ____________ better than anyone else. 我们也许认为我们比任何其他人更了解我们自己。 2. I ______ everyone has something they don’t like about ____________. 我认为每个人都有他们对自己不满意的某种东西。 3. Everyone has something ____________ and ____________. 每个人都有某种特别和不一样的东西。 4. I’m ____________ ____________ myself. 我为我自己感到自豪。 二、动作、神态与场景描写 1. I ______ people secretly ______ at my face. 我感觉大家在偷偷地看我的脸。 2. ____________ of ______ away, she ______ my face. 她没有挪开视线，反而仔细地看着我的脸。 3. On ____________ buses, it ______ just like a disaster. 在拥挤的公交车上，它就像一场灾难。 4. For the ______ time, I could ______ at my ____________ without quickly ______ away. 第一次我可以不需要很快地转头了，我可以正视我的胎记了。 三、转折、惊讶与阻碍 1. ______ my surprise, she ______ a red rose on her own face. 使我惊讶的是，她在她自己的脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。 2. ____________, ______ and ______ often ______ us back. 然而，怀疑和恐惧经常会阻止我们前进。 四、坚持、努力与励志 1. Su ______ hard and quickly ______ one of the fastest runners. 苏炳添很努力地训练，很快就成为了最快的短跑运动员之一。 2. At ______ an age, many runners ______ to stop running. 在这样的年龄，很多短跑运动员选择停止跑步。 3. ______ is impossible, ______ ______ ______you try and ______ to it. 只要你尝试并坚持下去，没有什么是不可能的。 4. He ______ the first Chinese ______ to run in the Olympic 100 m final. 他成为第一个在奥运会100米决赛中跑步的中国运动员。 语法 现在完成时I 写作 自我介绍 一、知识点精讲 考点1 suppose 的用法 ① 表示“假设；设想” 常见结构：suppose+(that)从句（假设某种情况） 例句：Let’s suppose it rains tomorrow. What shall we do? 假设明天下雨，我们该怎么办？ ② 表示“认为（某人是……）；推测（某人会做某事）” 常见搭配：suppose+人/物 + to be + 名词/形容词 例句：Everyone supposes her to be a good writer. 所有人都认为她是一名优秀的作家。 ③ 表示“假设（某人/物是……）” 常见结构：suppose+人/物+名词/形容词 例句：Let’s suppose this idea useful for now. 我们暂且认为这个想法是有用的。 ④ 表示“认为；推测” 常见搭配：be supposed to (应该做某事，表示责任、义务、惯例) 例句：You are supposed to hand in your report this afternoon. 你应该今天下午上交你的报告。 【拓展】 ① suppose 用于句首，表“假如，要是”，引导条件，语气委婉。 例句：Suppose we miss the bus. What can we do then? 要是我们错过公交车，那该怎么办？ ② I suppose so. / I suppose not. 常用口语，意为“我想是这样 / 我想不是”。 ③ be supposed to have done 表示“本应该做某事（实际没做）”，含责备或遗憾语气。 例句：You were supposed to have finished the work yesterday. 你昨天本应该完成这项工作的。 ④ supposed adj. 所谓的，号称的。 例句：This is his supposed reason for being late. 这就是他所谓的迟到理由。 考点2 cover 的用法 一、cover 作动词，意为“遮盖” ① cover sth. with sth. 用某物遮盖某物 例句：He covered the chair with a cloth. 他用一块布盖住了椅子。 ② be covered with 被……覆盖（强调状态） 例句：The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地面铺满落叶。 二、cover 其他用法 ▶ 作名词 ① 封面、封皮 例句：His photo appeared on the front cover of the newspaper. 这份报纸的头版封面是他的照片。 ② 盖子，罩子 例句：Put the cover back on the cup. 把杯子盖子盖回去。 ▶ 动词拓展用法 ① 包括；包含；涉及 例句：The lessons cover all grammar points. 课程涵盖全部语法知识点。 ② 足以支付；够付 例句：Will 200 yuan cover the cost of the meal? 200元够支付这顿饭的费用吗？ ③ 报道；采访 例句：The reporter will cover the sports meeting. 这名记者将报道运动会。 ④ 行走（一段路程） 例句：We covered eight kilometers this morning. 我们今早走了八公里。 【拓展】 ① coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 ② cover up 掩盖，掩饰（错误、真相、过失等） 例句：He tried to cover up his mistake. 他试图掩盖自己的错误。 ③ cover for sb. 为某人打掩护，替某人代班 例句：Can you cover for me for ten minutes?你能替我顶十分钟班吗？ 考点3 instead 的用法 ① instead 副词，表“代替；反而；却”，可放句首或句尾，单独使用。 例句：Tom didn’t go swimming. He read books at home instead. 汤姆没去游泳，反而在家看书。 ② instead of 介词短语，表“代替……；而不是……”，后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语。 例句：She drew pictures instead of watching cartoons. 她画画，而不是看动画片。 【拓展】 ① in place of 与 instead of 同义，更正式，多用于书面语。 ② instead 不能接宾语，instead of 必须接宾语。 ③ rather than 可与 instead of 替换，但 rather than 前后结构更对称，可接动词原形。 例句：I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话。 ④ instead 位于句首时，常用逗号隔开。 例句：He never studies. Instead, he plays games all day. 他从不学习，反而整天玩游戏。 考点4 with 的用法 ① 意为“和……一起”，表伴随。 例句：I went hiking with my best friend. 我和好朋友一起去徒步了。 ② 意为“用……”，表工具或手段。 例句：She cut the apple with a knife. 她用小刀切苹果。 ③ 意为“带有……；长有……”，表特征。 例句：The girl with long hair is my deskmate. 那个长发女孩是我的同桌。 ④ 意为“因为；由于”，表原因。 例句：With his help, I finished the task quickly. 多亏他帮忙，我很快完成任务。 ⑤ 意为“以……方式；带着……表情”，表方式。 例句：He welcomed us with a warm hug. 他热情拥抱欢迎我们。 【拓展】 ① with + 宾语 + 宾补（形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词），构成with复合结构，表伴随、原因、方式。 例句：He fell asleep with the light on. 他开着灯睡着了。 ② without 是 with 反义词，意为“没有”。 ③ with 表“随着”，引导时间状语。 例句：Temperature changes with the season. 温度随季节变化。 ④ with 表“支持；赞同”。 例句：I’m with you on this plan. 在这个计划上我支持你。 考点5 doubt 的用法 ① doubt 作动词，意为“怀疑；不相信；不确定”。肯定句后接 whether/if 从句；否定/疑问句后接 that 从句。 例句：I doubt if she will join us. 我不确定她会不会加入我们。 例句：Do you doubt that he tells the truth? 你怀疑他没说实话吗？ ② doubt 作名词，意为“怀疑；疑虑”。常用：there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……；have doubts about… 对……有疑虑。 例句：He doubts my words. 他怀疑我说的话。 例句：There is no doubt that she is honest. 毫无疑问她为人诚实。 【拓展】 ① beyond doubt 毫无疑问，确凿无疑 例句：Her ability is beyond doubt. 她的能力毋庸置疑。 ② in doubt 不确定；拿不准 例句：The final result is still in doubt. 最终结果还没有定论。 ③ no doubt 无疑地；很可能 例句：No doubt he will help us. 他无疑会帮助我们。 ④ without doubt 必定，当然 例句：Without doubt, he is the best student in the class. 毫无疑问，他是班里最好的学生。 考点6 succeed 及相关词的用法 ① success n. 成功（不可数）；成功的人/事（可数） 例句：Wish you success in your exam! 祝你考试顺利！ 例句：The concert was a great success. 这场音乐会大获成功。 ② succeed v. 成功；达成；接替 固定搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 例句：She succeeded in passing the driving test. 她顺利通过驾照考试。 ③ successful adj. 成功的；有成就的 例句：He is a successful writer. 他是一名成功的作家。 ④ successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地 例句：She finished the competition successfully. 她顺利完成比赛。 【拓展】 ① succeed in sth. 在某方面取得成功 ② succeed to sth. 继承（职位、王位、财产等） 例句：He will succeed to his father’s company. 他将继承他父亲的公司。 ③ unsuccessful adj. 不成功的；失败的 ④ success in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事上的成功 考点7 stick 的用法 一、stick 作名词：枝条；棍；棒；手杖 例句：He used a wooden stick to pick up the box on the high shelf. 他用一根木棍够到了高处架子上的箱子。 二、stick 作动词 ① 意为“粘，贴；粘贴”；过去式/过去分词：stuck；名词 sticker 贴纸 例句：Please stick this photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片贴在笔记本上。 ② 意为“坚持；固守；不改变”，搭配：stick to sth./doing sth. 坚持（计划、原则、诺言等），to 为介词。 例句：We’d better stick to our decision and never give up easily. 我们最好坚守决定，不轻易放弃。 【拓展】 ① stick out 伸出；突出；显眼 例句：His ears stick out a little. 他的耳朵有点突出。 ② stick with sb./sth. 紧跟；持续支持；不放弃 例句：I’ll stick with you no matter what happens. 无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 ③ stuck adj. 卡住的；被困住的；无法进展的 例句：The door is stuck. 门卡住了。 ④ stick around 不走开；留下来等候 例句：Stick around. I’ll be right back. 别走，我马上回来。 二、核心语法精讲 现在完成时I 一、定义 现在完成时由 have / has + 动词过去分词 构成，两大核心用法： ① 过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响/结果； ② 动作/状态从过去持续到现在。 二、人称句式结构 ① 第一人称（I / We） 肯定句：I have read this story. / We have visited many museums. 否定句：I haven’t read this story. / We haven’t visited many museums. 一般疑问句（把have 提前，用yes或no回答） —Have you read this story? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. —Have you visited many museums? —Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. ② 第二人称（You） 肯定句：You have travelled to Japan. 否定句：You haven’t travelled to Japan. 一般疑问句： —Have you travelled to Japan? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. ③ 第三人称单数（He / She / It） 肯定句：She has climbed the high mountain. 否定句：She hasn’t climbed the high mountain. 一般疑问句： —Has she climbed the high mountain? —Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. ④ 第三人称复数（They） 肯定句：They have played football in many cities. 否定句：They haven’t played football in many cities. 一般疑问句： —Have they played football in many cities? —Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. ✅ 规则总结： 只有第三人称单数用 has / hasn’t，其余所有人称一律用 have / haven’t。 三、动词过去分词 ① 规则变化 大部分动词词尾直接加-ed； 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，直接在词尾加 -d。 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -ed。 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加 -ed。 ② 不规则变化 be – was/were – been do – did – done eat – ate – eaten go – went – gone see – saw – seen find – found – found have – had – had make – made – made let – let – let put – put – put 四、标志性副词 just / already / yet（全新替换例句 ① just 含义：刚刚，用于肯定句，放在have/has后 例句：I have just finished my breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。 ② already 含义：已经，用于肯定句，放have/has后 例句：We have already learnt English songs. 我们已经学过英文歌了。 ③ yet 含义：还（未），只用于否定句、疑问句，放句末 例句：My parents have not seen this cartoon yet. 我父母还没看过这部动画片。 五、现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 ① 核心区别 1. 现在完成时：无明确过去时间，强调过去动作对现在的影响、结果； 2. 一般过去时：搭配明确过去时间（last week / ...ago / yesterday），只陈述过去发生的事，和现在无关。 ② 对照例句 1. I have been to Xi’an.（现在完成时，暗示我了解西安风土人情） I went there last summer.（一般过去时，last summer 明确过去时间） 2. I have cleaned my bedroom.（现在完成时，结果：房间现在干净了） I cleaned it two hours ago.（一般过去时，two hours ago 过去时间） ③ 对话判断技巧 问句强调当下状态、现有结果 → 现在完成时 A: Where have you left my ruler? I can’t find it.（现在找不到尺子，对现在有影响） 答句只陈述当时动作，无现在关联 → 一般过去时 B: I left it on your desk this morning.（只说早上摆放的动作） 答句强调现在无法再做某事（过去动作带来现状）→ 现在完成时 A: Would you like to watch the cartoon with me tonight? B: Sorry, I have watched it already.（看过动画片，现在不想再看） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作主题为人物自我介绍，主要分为演讲稿和课堂短文两种形式。写作均以第一人称、一般现在时为主，严禁出现真实人名、校名、地名，词数要求在80–100词左右。内容必须包含两大核心部分：一是个人爱好及原因，或自身优缺点介绍；二是理想职业与实现梦想的具体行动规划。演讲稿语言口语化、格式规范，适合公开表达；短文语言简洁平实，侧重日常交流。整体考查学生基本信息描述、逻辑条理组织和常用句型运用能力。 2. 写作框架 框架一：演讲稿 (1). 开头 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to introduce myself. (2). 主体1：爱好+理由 I have two hobbies. My first hobby is … I like it because … My second hobby is … I think it is relaxing and enjoyable. (3). 主体2：梦想职业+努力方向 My dream job is to be … To make my dream come true, I will … Although it is difficult, I will never give up. (4). 结尾 Thanks for your listening! 框架二：课堂自我介绍短文 (1). 开头 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Ming. I’m in Grade Eight now. (2). 主体1：优点与缺点 I have many strong points. I am good at … and I am ready to help others. But I also have some weak points. Sometimes I … (3). 主体2：梦想+计划 My dream is to be a … In order to realize it, I will … I will keep trying and never give up. (4). 结尾 That’s all about me. I hope we can be friends. 3. 写作素材 （1）必背短语 introduce oneself 自我介绍 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be good at 擅长 be ready to help others 乐于助人 keep healthy / keep fit 保持健康 dream job 理想职业 come true 实现 try one’s best 尽最大努力 stick to 坚持 give up 放弃 in order to 为了 make up one’s mind 下定决心 （2）常用句型 My hobby is doing… 我的爱好是…… I like… because… 我喜欢……因为…… I am outgoing / helpful / hard-working. 我性格外向/乐于助人/学习努力。 Sometimes I am careless / lazy. 有时我粗心/懒惰。 My dream is to be a… 我的梦想是成为一名…… To make my dream come true, I will… 为了实现梦想，我将…… Although it is not easy, I will keep trying. 虽然不容易，但我会坚持努力。 （3）常用替换词汇 爱好：reading, painting, playing basketball, swimming, listening to music 职业：teacher, doctor, writer, basketball player, engineer, singer 优点：kind, friendly, patient, careful, hard-working 缺点：shy, careless, lazy, not patient enough 4. 范文背诵 范文1：演讲稿 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to introduce myself. I have two hobbies. My first hobby is playing basketball. I like it because it can make me strong and healthy. My second hobby is reading. I think reading is interesting and it helps me learn more about the world. My dream job is to be a basketball player. To make my dream come true, I will practice every day. Although it is hard, I will never give up. Thanks for your listening! 范文2：自我介绍短文 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Ming. I’m in Grade Eight now. I have many strong points. I am good at English and I am always ready to help my classmates. But I also have some weak points. Sometimes I am careless and I don’t do my homework carefully enough. My dream is to be an English teacher. In order to make it come true, I will read more English books and practice speaking every day. I will keep working hard. That’s all about me. I hope we can be friends. 易错点01 already 与 yet 【助记口诀】 肯定句用already，句中句末都能放； 疑问否定要用yet，固定放在句子尾。 【错因辨析】 1. 句式混用 already 仅限肯定句，可放句中（助动词后）或句末； yet 仅限否定句、一般疑问句，只能放句末。 例：I’ve already been there twice. / I haven’t finished the book yet. 错例：I haven’t finished already.（肯定词用于否定句） 2. 位置误用 yet 不能放在句中，只能置于整句话末尾；already 句中、句末均可。 错例：I yet haven’t finished my homework. 【对点训练】用 already / yet 填空 1. I have ______ visited the museum. 2. He hasn’t cleaned his room ______. 3. Have you eaten lunch ______? 易错点02 success、succeed、successful、successfully 【助记口诀】 success名词表成果，succeed动词表做成； ful变形容ly变副，全部搭配in doing。 【错因辨析】 1. 词性混淆 success（名词）：冠词/形容词后使用，have success in doing sth succeed（动词）：作句子谓语，succeed in doing sth successful（形容词）：be动词后、修饰名词，be successful in doing sth successfully（副词）：修饰动词，表“成功地” 错例：He success passed the exam.（名词误用为动词） 【对点训练】用success的适当形式填空 1. His ______ makes all of us happy. 2. They ______ in finishing the task last week. 3. My mother is ______ in running her shop. 4. The match ended ______. 一、单项选择 1．—What do you ________ your English teacher? —She is very patient and helpful. A．think of B．look for C．talk about D．wait for 2．People say I look like my mother, but our ________ are different. A．hobbies B．families C．homes D．looks 3．Mike is always ________ in class. He listens to the teacher carefully. A．active B．careful C．happy D．friendly 4．—What is your sister like? —She is very ________ and often helps me with my homework. A．shy B．quiet C．kind D．funny 5．— Nice to meet you. — ________ A．How are you? B．Good morning. C．Nice to meet you, too. D．See you. 6．—Hello, I’m Li Ming. What’s your name? —________ A．I’m fine, thanks. B．I’m from Beijing. C．My name is Wang Fang. D．Goodbye. 7．—________ your brother like playing computer games? —Yes, he ________. A．Does; does B．Do; does C．Does; do D．Do; do 8．Everyone in our class ________ reading books. A．like B．likes C．liking D．to like 9．—I got a new bike for my birthday! —________. I’m sure you’ll love it. A．That’s too bad B．Good luck C．You’re welcome D．That’s great 10．The ambulance (救护车) arrived ________ to save the patient’s life after the big fire. A．quickly enough B．enough quickly C．enough quick D．quick enough 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I have a happy hobby. I love 1 stamps. I have collected stamps for about two years. I got my 2 stamp from my father. It is a beautiful stamp with a picture of the Great Wall. From then on, I started to 3 stamps. I ask my friends and relatives to 4 me stamps from different places. When I get a new stamp, I feel very 5 . I put them carefully in my stamp album (集邮册). Collecting stamps is 6 and useful. I can learn a lot 7 the stamps. I learn about different countries, famous people and great events (事件). 8 , I have a stamp about the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It helps me remember that big day. My parents 9 my hobby. They say it is a good way to learn about the world. I also make many new friends 10 we often exchange (交换) stamps. I think I will keep this hobby forever. 1．A．buying B．collecting C．drawing D．making 2．A．first B．second C．last D．next 3．A．sell B．use C．collect D．make 4．A．borrow B．bring C．lend D．take 5．A．sad B．tired C．excited D．angry 6．A．difficult B．interesting C．expensive D．boring 7．A．to B．with C．of D．from 8．A．In fact B．For example C．At first D．Of course 9．A．support B．stop C．change D．refuse 10．A．so B．if C．because D．but 三、阅读理解 （一） In our life, we may meet persons with different personalities. What is your personality type? Read about the following and find it out! A dreamer thinks there is a “right” way to do things. This person wants to live in the “perfect world”. Dreamers like to do things in order. Many are good at listening and like to help others. Many dreamers work as teachers, and often lead others. A partner wants to be in a group. For this person, rules are important. Partners pay attention to rules and think everybody should follow them. They are often both serious and careful. Many do well as teachers, managers (管理者) and officers. For thinkers, understanding things is very important. They like to work out problems and make new things. Thinkers are ▲ . They enjoy leading and winning. They have very strong opinions. Many thinkers work as scientists, inventors and engineers. Artists want to be free. They don’t want to follow the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. They are lively and active and do well as musicians and writers. 1．How many personality types are mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is important for partners? A．Right ways. B．A group. C．Rules. D．Understanding things. 3．Which of the following words can be put in ▲ ? A．friendly B．clever C．helpful D．interesting 4．What can we know about artists according to the passage? A．They like to experience something new. B．They like to work out problems. C．They are serious and careful. D．They like to do things in order. 5．Which of the following is the right structure of the passage? A．①②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②/③/④⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ （二） Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn’t move his body from the shoulders down. Doctors told him that he’d probably never walk again, but Ed didn’t want to believe this. He had recently got engaged (订婚) to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes (脚趾) and trying to make them move, and finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey. While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick. Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848 meters, almost the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised £46,000 for charity (慈善). Ed hopes his story can help people. That’s why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”. 1．Who did Ed want to get better mainly for? A．His parents. B．His doctor. C．His friend. D．His wife. 2．What is Ed like according to Paragraph 3? A．Brave. B．Helpful. C．Honest. D．Hard-working. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to(指代)? A．Raising money. B．Doing new movements. C．Visiting parents. D．Going up and down stairs. 4．Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage. a. Ed started M2M. b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move. c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool. d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. e. Ed climbed his parents' stairs 2,783 times. A．c-e-b-d-a B．c-b-d-e-a C．e-a-b-d-c D．e-b-d-c-a 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Football Player B．A Challenge Lover C．A Charity Worker D．A Mountain Climber 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 This is me 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、自我与外貌认知 1. suppose (想，认为) I suppose he is right. (我认为他是对的。) 2. birthmark (胎记，胎痣) She has a small birthmark on her face. (她脸上有一块小胎记。) 3. ourselves (我们自己) We should help ourselves. (我们应该帮助自己。) 4. special (特殊的，特别的) You are special to me. (你对我来说很特别。) 5. difference (差别，差异) There is no difference between them. (他们之间没有差别。) 6. height (身高；高，高度) What is your height? (你的身高是多少？) 7. truly (真实地，确实地) I truly love my family. (我真的爱我的家人。) 二、情绪和态度 1. hate (讨厌，不喜欢) I hate getting up early. (我讨厌早起。) 2. doubt (不确定，怀疑；不信任) I doubt his words. (我怀疑他的话。) 3. fear (害怕，恐惧；担忧) She has a fear of dark. (她害怕黑暗。) 4. satisfied (满意的，满足的) He is satisfied with his work. (他对自己的工作很满意。) 5. opinion (意见，看法，主张) What’s your opinion? (你的看法是什么？) 三、品质与价值观 1. friendship (友谊) Friendship is important. (友谊很重要。) 2. value (价值观) We have different values. (我们有不同的价值观。) 3. quality (素质；品德，品性) He has good qualities. (他品德很好。) 4. excellent (卓越的；极好的) She is an excellent student. (她是一名优秀的学生。) 5. succeed (成功，达成) Work hard and you will succeed. (努力你就会成功。) 四、动作与行为 1. cover (遮盖) Cover your book. (把你的书盖上。) 2. paint ((用颜料)画，绘) She likes to paint flowers. (她喜欢画花。) 3. stick (粘，贴) Stick the picture on the wall. (把画贴在墙上。) 4. stick to (坚持) Stick to your dream. (坚持你的梦想。) 5. instead (代替；而不是) He didn’t go out. Instead, he stayed at home. (他没出去，而是待在家里。) 6. instead of (代替……；而不是……) I drank tea instead of coffee. (我喝茶而不是咖啡。) 五、人物与身份 1. athlete (运动员；田径运动员) He is a great athlete. (他是一名很棒的运动员。) 2. youngster (年轻人) The youngster runs very fast. (这个年轻人跑得很快。) 3. wizard (男巫) The wizard has magic power. (这个男巫有魔力。) 4. superman (超人) He wants to be a superman. (他想成为超人。) 5. British (英国的；英国人的) He is British. (他是英国人。) 六、运动与奥运 1. Olympics (奥林匹克运动会，奥运会) The Olympics are held every four years. (奥运会每四年举办一次。) 2. Olympic (奥林匹克运动会的，奥运会的) He took part in the Olympic Games. (他参加了奥运会。) 七、地点与环境 1. bathroom (浴室，卫生间) The bathroom is clean. (卫生间很干净。) 2. crowded (挤满人(物)的；拥挤的) The bus is crowded. (公交车很拥挤。) 八、方位与方向 1. away (朝另一个方向) Please look away. (请看向别处。) 2. among (在……当中) He is among my friends. (他在我的朋友之中。) 3. row (一排，一行) Sit in the first row. (坐在第一排。) 九、逻辑与连接 1. just (正好，恰好) It is just what I want. (这正是我想要的。) 2. therefore (因此，由此，所以) He is ill. Therefore, he can’t come. (他病了，所以来不了。) 3. until (直到……为止) Wait until tomorrow. (等到明天。) 4. although (虽然，尽管) Although he is tired, he works on. (虽然他累了，但他继续工作。) 5. yet ((用于否定句)还，尚) I haven’t finished yet. (我还没完成。) 6. anyway (总之) Anyway, we must try. (总之，我们必须试试。) 7. already (已经) I have already seen it. (我已经看过了。) 8. ever (在(以前)任何时候；从来) Have you ever been to Beijing? (你去过北京吗？) 9. such (这样的；这种的；如此的) It is such a good book. (这是如此好的一本书。) 十、事物与物品 1. strawberry (草莓) I like eating strawberries. (我喜欢吃草莓。) 2. thing (东西，物) What is that thing? (那个东西是什么？) 3. brain (脑，大脑) Use your brain. (动动脑筋。) 4. silver (银制的，银质的) She has a silver ring. (她有一个银戒指。) 5. the silver screen (电影业) He works in the silver screen. (他从事电影业。) 6. nothing (没有任何东西；没有事) There is nothing in the box. (盒子里什么都没有。) 十一、可能与风险 1. possible (可能的，可能做到的) It is possible to finish it. (完成它是可能的。) 2. impossible (不可能发生的；办不到的) Nothing is impossible. (没有什么是不可能的。) 3. risky (有危险的，有风险的) It is a risky plan. (这是一个有风险的计划。) 短 语 一、动词短语 1. know oneself better (更好地了解自己) We should know ourselves better. (我们应该更好地了解自己。) 2. challenge oneself (挑战自我) It’s good to challenge yourself. (挑战自我是件好事。) 3. think of (想起；认为) I often think of my old friends. (我经常想起我的老朋友。) 4. make sb nervous (使某人紧张) Exams always make me nervous. (考试总是让我紧张。) 5. share sth with sb (和某人分享某物) I like to share my ideas with my parents. (我喜欢和父母分享我的想法。) 6. make wise decisions (做出明智的决定) He can make wise decisions. (他能做出明智的决定。) 7. be good at (擅长) She is good at English. (她擅长英语。) 8. be proud of (为……自豪) We are proud of our country. (我们为我们的国家感到自豪。) 9. take place (发生) The sports meeting will take place tomorrow. (运动会明天举行。) 10. take notes (做笔记) You should take notes in class. (你应该在课堂上做笔记。) 11. focus on (专注于) Please focus on your study. (请专注于你的学习。) 12. be satisfied with (对……满意) My teacher is satisfied with my homework. (老师对我的作业很满意。) 13. start from zero (从零开始) I have to start from zero. (我必须从零开始。) 14. fight one’s fears (克服恐惧) He tried to fight his fears. (他努力克服自己的恐惧。) 15. stick to (坚持) We should stick to our dreams. (我们应该坚持我们的梦想。) 16. accept one’s differences (接受差异) We should accept others’ differences. (我们应该接受他人的差异。) 17. hold sb back (阻碍某人) Don’t let fear hold you back. (不要让恐惧阻碍你。) 18. overcome challenges (克服挑战) He can overcome challenges easily. (他能轻松克服挑战。) 19. used to do sth (过去常常做某事) I used to get up late. (我过去常常起床很晚。) 20. rush to (冲向) They rush to the classroom. (他们冲向教室。) 21. sit beside sb (坐在某人旁边) May I sit beside you? (我可以坐在你旁边吗？) 22. help others (帮助他人) We should learn to help others. (我们应该学会帮助他人。) 23. make history (创造历史) He wants to make history. (他想要创造历史。) 24. look away (转移目光) Don’t look away from me. (别把目光从我身上移开。) 25. turn away (移开目光) She didn’t turn away. (她没有移开目光。) 二、介词短语 1. instead of (而不是；代替) I will go instead of you. (我会代替你去。) 2. to one’s surprise (令某人惊讶的是) To my surprise, he won the game. (令我惊讶的是，他赢了比赛。) 3. in one’s own way (以某人自己的方式) He loves me in his own way. (他以他自己的方式爱我。) 4. as long as (只要) You can succeed as long as you work hard. (只要努力，你就能成功。) 5. in surprise (惊讶地) She looked at me in surprise. (她惊讶地看着我。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、自我认知与自我评价 1. We may think we know ourselves better than anyone else. 我们也许认为我们比任何其他人更了解我们自己。 2. I suppose everyone has something they don’t like about themselves. 我认为每个人都有他们对自己不满意的某种东西。 3. Everyone has something special and different. 每个人都有某种特别和不一样的东西。 4. I’m proud of myself. 我为我自己感到自豪。 二、动作、神态与场景描写 1. I felt people secretly looking at my face. 我感觉大家在偷偷地看我的脸。 2. Instead of looking away, she studied my face. 她没有挪开视线，反而仔细地看着我的脸。 3. On crowded buses, it felt just like a disaster. 在拥挤的公交车上，它就像一场灾难。 4. For the first time, I could look at my birthmark without quickly turning away. 第一次我可以不需要很快地转头了，我可以正视我的胎记了。 三、转折、惊讶与阻碍 1. To my surprise, she painted a red rose on her own face. 使我惊讶的是，她在她自己的脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。 2. However, doubts and fears often hold us back. 然而，怀疑和恐惧经常会阻止我们前进。 四、坚持、努力与励志 1. Su trained hard and quickly became one of the fastest runners. 苏炳添很努力地训练，很快就成为了最快的短跑运动员之一。 2. At such an age, many runners choose to stop running. 在这样的年龄，很多短跑运动员选择停止跑步。 3. Nothing is impossible, as long as you try and stick to it. 只要你尝试并坚持下去，没有什么是不可能的。 4. He became the first Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final. 他成为第一个在奥运会100米决赛中跑步的中国运动员。 语法 现在完成时I 写作 自我介绍 一、知识点精讲 考点1 suppose 的用法 ① 表示“假设；设想” 常见结构：suppose+(that)从句（假设某种情况） 例句：Let’s suppose it rains tomorrow. What shall we do? 假设明天下雨，我们该怎么办？ ② 表示“认为（某人是……）；推测（某人会做某事）” 常见搭配：suppose+人/物 + to be + 名词/形容词 例句：Everyone supposes her to be a good writer. 所有人都认为她是一名优秀的作家。 ③ 表示“假设（某人/物是……）” 常见结构：suppose+人/物+名词/形容词 例句：Let’s suppose this idea useful for now. 我们暂且认为这个想法是有用的。 ④ 表示“认为；推测” 常见搭配：be supposed to (应该做某事，表示责任、义务、惯例) 例句：You are supposed to hand in your report this afternoon. 你应该今天下午上交你的报告。 【拓展】 ① suppose 用于句首，表“假如，要是”，引导条件，语气委婉。 例句：Suppose we miss the bus. What can we do then? 要是我们错过公交车，那该怎么办？ ② I suppose so. / I suppose not. 常用口语，意为“我想是这样 / 我想不是”。 ③ be supposed to have done 表示“本应该做某事（实际没做）”，含责备或遗憾语气。 例句：You were supposed to have finished the work yesterday. 你昨天本应该完成这项工作的。 ④ supposed adj. 所谓的，号称的。 例句：This is his supposed reason for being late. 这就是他所谓的迟到理由。 考点2 cover 的用法 一、cover 作动词，意为“遮盖” ① cover sth. with sth. 用某物遮盖某物 例句：He covered the chair with a cloth. 他用一块布盖住了椅子。 ② be covered with 被……覆盖（强调状态） 例句：The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地面铺满落叶。 二、cover 其他用法 ▶ 作名词 ① 封面、封皮 例句：His photo appeared on the front cover of the newspaper. 这份报纸的头版封面是他的照片。 ② 盖子，罩子 例句：Put the cover back on the cup. 把杯子盖子盖回去。 ▶ 动词拓展用法 ① 包括；包含；涉及 例句：The lessons cover all grammar points. 课程涵盖全部语法知识点。 ② 足以支付；够付 例句：Will 200 yuan cover the cost of the meal? 200元够支付这顿饭的费用吗？ ③ 报道；采访 例句：The reporter will cover the sports meeting. 这名记者将报道运动会。 ④ 行走（一段路程） 例句：We covered eight kilometers this morning. 我们今早走了八公里。 【拓展】 ① coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 ② cover up 掩盖，掩饰（错误、真相、过失等） 例句：He tried to cover up his mistake. 他试图掩盖自己的错误。 ③ cover for sb. 为某人打掩护，替某人代班 例句：Can you cover for me for ten minutes?你能替我顶十分钟班吗？ 考点3 instead 的用法 ① instead 副词，表“代替；反而；却”，可放句首或句尾，单独使用。 例句：Tom didn’t go swimming. He read books at home instead. 汤姆没去游泳，反而在家看书。 ② instead of 介词短语，表“代替……；而不是……”，后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语。 例句：She drew pictures instead of watching cartoons. 她画画，而不是看动画片。 【拓展】 ① in place of 与 instead of 同义，更正式，多用于书面语。 ② instead 不能接宾语，instead of 必须接宾语。 ③ rather than 可与 instead of 替换，但 rather than 前后结构更对称，可接动词原形。 例句：I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话。 ④ instead 位于句首时，常用逗号隔开。 例句：He never studies. Instead, he plays games all day. 他从不学习，反而整天玩游戏。 考点4 with 的用法 ① 意为“和……一起”，表伴随。 例句：I went hiking with my best friend. 我和好朋友一起去徒步了。 ② 意为“用……”，表工具或手段。 例句：She cut the apple with a knife. 她用小刀切苹果。 ③ 意为“带有……；长有……”，表特征。 例句：The girl with long hair is my deskmate. 那个长发女孩是我的同桌。 ④ 意为“因为；由于”，表原因。 例句：With his help, I finished the task quickly. 多亏他帮忙，我很快完成任务。 ⑤ 意为“以……方式；带着……表情”，表方式。 例句：He welcomed us with a warm hug. 他热情拥抱欢迎我们。 【拓展】 ① with + 宾语 + 宾补（形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词），构成with复合结构，表伴随、原因、方式。 例句：He fell asleep with the light on. 他开着灯睡着了。 ② without 是 with 反义词，意为“没有”。 ③ with 表“随着”，引导时间状语。 例句：Temperature changes with the season. 温度随季节变化。 ④ with 表“支持；赞同”。 例句：I’m with you on this plan. 在这个计划上我支持你。 考点5 doubt 的用法 ① doubt 作动词，意为“怀疑；不相信；不确定”。肯定句后接 whether/if 从句；否定/疑问句后接 that 从句。 例句：I doubt if she will join us. 我不确定她会不会加入我们。 例句：Do you doubt that he tells the truth? 你怀疑他没说实话吗？ ② doubt 作名词，意为“怀疑；疑虑”。常用：there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……；have doubts about… 对……有疑虑。 例句：He doubts my words. 他怀疑我说的话。 例句：There is no doubt that she is honest. 毫无疑问她为人诚实。 【拓展】 ① beyond doubt 毫无疑问，确凿无疑 例句：Her ability is beyond doubt. 她的能力毋庸置疑。 ② in doubt 不确定；拿不准 例句：The final result is still in doubt. 最终结果还没有定论。 ③ no doubt 无疑地；很可能 例句：No doubt he will help us. 他无疑会帮助我们。 ④ without doubt 必定，当然 例句：Without doubt, he is the best student in the class. 毫无疑问，他是班里最好的学生。 考点6 succeed 及相关词的用法 ① success n. 成功（不可数）；成功的人/事（可数） 例句：Wish you success in your exam! 祝你考试顺利！ 例句：The concert was a great success. 这场音乐会大获成功。 ② succeed v. 成功；达成；接替 固定搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 例句：She succeeded in passing the driving test. 她顺利通过驾照考试。 ③ successful adj. 成功的；有成就的 例句：He is a successful writer. 他是一名成功的作家。 ④ successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地 例句：She finished the competition successfully. 她顺利完成比赛。 【拓展】 ① succeed in sth. 在某方面取得成功 ② succeed to sth. 继承（职位、王位、财产等） 例句：He will succeed to his father’s company. 他将继承他父亲的公司。 ③ unsuccessful adj. 不成功的；失败的 ④ success in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事上的成功 考点7 stick 的用法 一、stick 作名词：枝条；棍；棒；手杖 例句：He used a wooden stick to pick up the box on the high shelf. 他用一根木棍够到了高处架子上的箱子。 二、stick 作动词 ① 意为“粘，贴；粘贴”；过去式/过去分词：stuck；名词 sticker 贴纸 例句：Please stick this photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片贴在笔记本上。 ② 意为“坚持；固守；不改变”，搭配：stick to sth./doing sth. 坚持（计划、原则、诺言等），to 为介词。 例句：We’d better stick to our decision and never give up easily. 我们最好坚守决定，不轻易放弃。 【拓展】 ① stick out 伸出；突出；显眼 例句：His ears stick out a little. 他的耳朵有点突出。 ② stick with sb./sth. 紧跟；持续支持；不放弃 例句：I’ll stick with you no matter what happens. 无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 ③ stuck adj. 卡住的；被困住的；无法进展的 例句：The door is stuck. 门卡住了。 ④ stick around 不走开；留下来等候 例句：Stick around. I’ll be right back. 别走，我马上回来。 二、核心语法精讲 现在完成时I 一、定义 现在完成时由 have / has + 动词过去分词 构成，两大核心用法： ① 过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响/结果； ② 动作/状态从过去持续到现在。 二、人称句式结构 ① 第一人称（I / We） 肯定句：I have read this story. / We have visited many museums. 否定句：I haven’t read this story. / We haven’t visited many museums. 一般疑问句（把have 提前，用yes或no回答） —Have you read this story? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. —Have you visited many museums? —Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. ② 第二人称（You） 肯定句：You have travelled to Japan. 否定句：You haven’t travelled to Japan. 一般疑问句： —Have you travelled to Japan? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. ③ 第三人称单数（He / She / It） 肯定句：She has climbed the high mountain. 否定句：She hasn’t climbed the high mountain. 一般疑问句： —Has she climbed the high mountain? —Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. ④ 第三人称复数（They） 肯定句：They have played football in many cities. 否定句：They haven’t played football in many cities. 一般疑问句： —Have they played football in many cities? —Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. ✅ 规则总结： 只有第三人称单数用 has / hasn’t，其余所有人称一律用 have / haven’t。 三、动词过去分词 ① 规则变化 大部分动词词尾直接加-ed； 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，直接在词尾加 -d。 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -ed。 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加 -ed。 ② 不规则变化 be – was/were – been do – did – done eat – ate – eaten go – went – gone see – saw – seen find – found – found have – had – had make – made – made let – let – let put – put – put 四、标志性副词 just / already / yet（全新替换例句 ① just 含义：刚刚，用于肯定句，放在have/has后 例句：I have just finished my breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。 ② already 含义：已经，用于肯定句，放have/has后 例句：We have already learnt English songs. 我们已经学过英文歌了。 ③ yet 含义：还（未），只用于否定句、疑问句，放句末 例句：My parents have not seen this cartoon yet. 我父母还没看过这部动画片。 五、现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 ① 核心区别 1. 现在完成时：无明确过去时间，强调过去动作对现在的影响、结果； 2. 一般过去时：搭配明确过去时间（last week / ...ago / yesterday），只陈述过去发生的事，和现在无关。 ② 对照例句 1. I have been to Xi’an.（现在完成时，暗示我了解西安风土人情） I went there last summer.（一般过去时，last summer 明确过去时间） 2. I have cleaned my bedroom.（现在完成时，结果：房间现在干净了） I cleaned it two hours ago.（一般过去时，two hours ago 过去时间） ③ 对话判断技巧 问句强调当下状态、现有结果 → 现在完成时 A: Where have you left my ruler? I can’t find it.（现在找不到尺子，对现在有影响） 答句只陈述当时动作，无现在关联 → 一般过去时 B: I left it on your desk this morning.（只说早上摆放的动作） 答句强调现在无法再做某事（过去动作带来现状）→ 现在完成时 A: Would you like to watch the cartoon with me tonight? B: Sorry, I have watched it already.（看过动画片，现在不想再看） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作主题为人物自我介绍，主要分为演讲稿和课堂短文两种形式。写作均以第一人称、一般现在时为主，严禁出现真实人名、校名、地名，词数要求在80–100词左右。内容必须包含两大核心部分：一是个人爱好及原因，或自身优缺点介绍；二是理想职业与实现梦想的具体行动规划。演讲稿语言口语化、格式规范，适合公开表达；短文语言简洁平实，侧重日常交流。整体考查学生基本信息描述、逻辑条理组织和常用句型运用能力。 2. 写作框架 框架一：演讲稿 (1). 开头 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to introduce myself. (2). 主体1：爱好+理由 I have two hobbies. My first hobby is … I like it because … My second hobby is … I think it is relaxing and enjoyable. (3). 主体2：梦想职业+努力方向 My dream job is to be … To make my dream come true, I will … Although it is difficult, I will never give up. (4). 结尾 Thanks for your listening! 框架二：课堂自我介绍短文 (1). 开头 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Ming. I’m in Grade Eight now. (2). 主体1：优点与缺点 I have many strong points. I am good at … and I am ready to help others. But I also have some weak points. Sometimes I … (3). 主体2：梦想+计划 My dream is to be a … In order to realize it, I will … I will keep trying and never give up. (4). 结尾 That’s all about me. I hope we can be friends. 3. 写作素材 （1）必背短语 introduce oneself 自我介绍 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be good at 擅长 be ready to help others 乐于助人 keep healthy / keep fit 保持健康 dream job 理想职业 come true 实现 try one’s best 尽最大努力 stick to 坚持 give up 放弃 in order to 为了 make up one’s mind 下定决心 （2）常用句型 My hobby is doing… 我的爱好是…… I like… because… 我喜欢……因为…… I am outgoing / helpful / hard-working. 我性格外向/乐于助人/学习努力。 Sometimes I am careless / lazy. 有时我粗心/懒惰。 My dream is to be a… 我的梦想是成为一名…… To make my dream come true, I will… 为了实现梦想，我将…… Although it is not easy, I will keep trying. 虽然不容易，但我会坚持努力。 （3）常用替换词汇 爱好：reading, painting, playing basketball, swimming, listening to music 职业：teacher, doctor, writer, basketball player, engineer, singer 优点：kind, friendly, patient, careful, hard-working 缺点：shy, careless, lazy, not patient enough 4. 范文背诵 范文1：演讲稿 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to introduce myself. I have two hobbies. My first hobby is playing basketball. I like it because it can make me strong and healthy. My second hobby is reading. I think reading is interesting and it helps me learn more about the world. My dream job is to be a basketball player. To make my dream come true, I will practice every day. Although it is hard, I will never give up. Thanks for your listening! 范文2：自我介绍短文 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Ming. I’m in Grade Eight now. I have many strong points. I am good at English and I am always ready to help my classmates. But I also have some weak points. Sometimes I am careless and I don’t do my homework carefully enough. My dream is to be an English teacher. In order to make it come true, I will read more English books and practice speaking every day. I will keep working hard. That’s all about me. I hope we can be friends. 易错点01 already 与 yet 【助记口诀】 肯定句用already，句中句末都能放； 疑问否定要用yet，固定放在句子尾。 【错因辨析】 1. 句式混用 already 仅限肯定句，可放句中（助动词后）或句末； yet 仅限否定句、一般疑问句，只能放句末。 例：I’ve already been there twice. / I haven’t finished the book yet. 错例：I haven’t finished already.（肯定词用于否定句） 2. 位置误用 yet 不能放在句中，只能置于整句话末尾；already 句中、句末均可。 错例：I yet haven’t finished my homework. 【对点训练】用 already / yet 填空 1. I have ______ visited the museum. 答案：already 解析：句子为肯定陈述句，规则要求肯定句使用already，此处置于助动词have之后。 2. He hasn’t cleaned his room ______. 答案：yet 解析：本句含否定词hasn’t，属于否定句，否定句末尾只能填yet。 3. Have you eaten lunch ______? 答案：yet 解析：本句是一般疑问句，疑问句需在句末使用yet。 易错点02 success、succeed、successful、successfully 【助记口诀】 success名词表成果，succeed动词表做成； ful变形容ly变副，全部搭配in doing。 【错因辨析】 1. 词性混淆 success（名词）：冠词/形容词后使用，have success in doing sth succeed（动词）：作句子谓语，succeed in doing sth successful（形容词）：be动词后、修饰名词，be successful in doing sth successfully（副词）：修饰动词，表“成功地” 错例：He success passed the exam.（名词误用为动词） 【对点训练】用success的适当形式填空 1. His ______ makes all of us happy. 答案：success 解析：his是形容词性物主代词，后面必须接名词，因此填名词success。 2. They ______ in finishing the task last week. 答案：succeeded 解析：句子缺少谓语动词，last week为过去时间状语，动词需用过去式succeeded；固定搭配succeed in doing sth。 3. My mother is ______ in running her shop. 答案：successful 解析：be动词后接形容词构成系表结构，be successful in doing sth是固定短语。 4. The match ended ______. 答案：successfully 解析：空格修饰动词ended，修饰动词只能使用副词，因此填副词successfully。 一、单项选择 1．—What do you ________ your English teacher? —She is very patient and helpful. A．think of B．look for C．talk about D．wait for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为你的英语老师怎么样？——她非常有耐心，乐于助人。 think of认为；look for寻找；talk about谈论；wait for等待。根据答句评价人物性格的语境可知，此处是询问对某人的看法，应填think of。 2．People say I look like my mother, but our ________ are different. A．hobbies B．families C．homes D．looks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人们说我长得像我的妈妈，但我们的爱好是不同的。 hobbies爱好；families家庭；homes家；looks外貌。根据前半句“People say I look like my mother”的转折逻辑可知，此处要选和“外貌相似”不冲突的不同点，应选hobbies。 3．Mike is always ________ in class. He listens to the teacher carefully. A．active B．careful C．happy D．friendly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：迈克在课堂上总是认真的。他认真听老师讲课。 active活跃的；careful认真的；happy开心的；friendly友好的。根据“He listens to the teacher carefully.”可知他听老师讲课很认真，推测出他在课堂上是认真的。 4．—What is your sister like? —She is very ________ and often helps me with my homework. A．shy B．quiet C．kind D．funny 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的姐妹是什么样的人？——她非常善良，经常帮我做作业。 shy害羞的；quiet安静的；kind善良的；funny有趣的。根据“often helps me with my homework”可知她经常帮助我，说明她是善良的。kind符合语境。 5．— Nice to meet you. — ________ A．How are you? B．Good morning. C．Nice to meet you, too. D．See you. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——很高兴见到你。——我也很高兴见到你。 How are you你好吗；Good morning早上好；Nice to meet you, too我也很高兴见到你；See you再见。根据上句“Nice to meet you.”可知，此处是初次见面打招呼，对应的回应是“我也很高兴见到你”。 6．—Hello, I’m Li Ming. What’s your name? —________ A．I’m fine, thanks. B．I’m from Beijing. C．My name is Wang Fang. D．Goodbye. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好，我是李明。你叫什么名字？——我的名字是王芳。 I’m fine, thanks.我很好，谢谢；I’m from Beijing.我来自北京；My name is Wang Fang.我的名字是王芳；Goodbye.再见。根据问句“What’s your name?”可知，此处是询问对方姓名，对应的回应需要回答自己的名字。 7．—________ your brother like playing computer games? —Yes, he ________. A．Does; does B．Do; does C．Does; do D．Do; do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥喜欢玩电脑游戏吗？——是的，他喜欢。 问句的主语your brother是第三人称单数，谓语是实义动词like，变一般疑问句需借助助动词Does。一般疑问句的肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语+助动词”，助动词需要和问句保持一致，因此答语也要用does。所以选项A正确。 8．Everyone in our class ________ reading books. A．like B．likes C．liking D．to like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班的每个人都喜欢读书。 主语是不定代词“Everyone”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，应填likes。 9．—I got a new bike for my birthday! —________. I’m sure you’ll love it. A．That’s too bad B．Good luck C．You’re welcome D．That’s great 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我生日得到了一辆新自行车！——太好了！我相信你会喜欢的。 That’s too bad那太糟糕了；Good luck祝你好运；You’re welcome不客气；That’s great太棒了。根据前一句收到新自行车的好消息可知，此处是表达夸赞，应填 That’s great。故选D。 10．The ambulance (救护车) arrived ________ to save the patient’s life after the big fire. A．quickly enough B．enough quickly C．enough quick D．quick enough 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大火过后，救护车来得足够快，挽救了病人的生命。 句中修饰动词arrived要用副词quickly，enough修饰副词时放在副词后面，用quickly enough。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I have a happy hobby. I love 1 stamps. I have collected stamps for about two years. I got my 2 stamp from my father. It is a beautiful stamp with a picture of the Great Wall. From then on, I started to 3 stamps. I ask my friends and relatives to 4 me stamps from different places. When I get a new stamp, I feel very 5 . I put them carefully in my stamp album (集邮册). Collecting stamps is 6 and useful. I can learn a lot 7 the stamps. I learn about different countries, famous people and great events (事件). 8 , I have a stamp about the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It helps me remember that big day. My parents 9 my hobby. They say it is a good way to learn about the world. I also make many new friends 10 we often exchange (交换) stamps. I think I will keep this hobby forever. 1．A．buying B．collecting C．drawing D．making 2．A．first B．second C．last D．next 3．A．sell B．use C．collect D．make 4．A．borrow B．bring C．lend D．take 5．A．sad B．tired C．excited D．angry 6．A．difficult B．interesting C．expensive D．boring 7．A．to B．with C．of D．from 8．A．In fact B．For example C．At first D．Of course 9．A．support B．stop C．change D．refuse 10．A．so B．if C．because D．but 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了李明集邮的爱好，包括他如何开始集邮、集邮的收获以及父母和朋友的支持。 【详解】 1．句意：我喜欢收集邮票。 后文出现“have collected stamps”，并且全文主题是集邮，说明他的爱好是“集邮”。collect stamps固定搭配，意为“集邮”，填collecting。 2．句意：我从父亲那里得到了我的第一枚邮票。 后文“From then on, I started to collect stamps”说明这是第一张邮票，是集邮的起点，填first“第一”。 3．句意：从那时起，我开始收集邮票。 全文核心爱好是收集邮票，collect stamps“集邮”，贴合上下文。 4．句意：我请我的朋友和亲戚从不同的地方给我带邮票。 bring sb. sth.意为“把某物带给某人”，此处指亲友从外地把邮票带给“我”，bring符合语境。 5．句意：当我得到一枚新邮票时，我感到非常兴奋。 集邮是作者的爱好，收到新邮票心情开心兴奋，excited“兴奋的”符合积极情绪。 6．句意：集邮既有趣又有用。 后文说能学到很多知识，是正面评价，and连接并列的褒义词，interesting“有趣的”和useful并列。 7．句意：我可以从邮票中学到很多。 固定搭配learn...from...表示“从……中学到……”，此处指从邮票中学到很多知识，因此选from。 8．句意：例如，我有一枚关于2008年北京奥运会的邮票。 前文说邮票能让我们了解不同国家、名人和事件，后文举奥运邮票作为实例，For example“例如”用于举例。 9．句意：我的父母支持我的爱好。 后文“They say it is a good way to learn about the world.”说明父母是“支持”的，support符合。 10．句意：我也交了很多新朋友，因为我们经常交换邮票。 后半句“我们经常交换邮票”是“李明交到新朋友”的原因，故用because“因为”连接因果关系。 三、阅读理解 （一） In our life, we may meet persons with different personalities. What is your personality type? Read about the following and find it out! A dreamer thinks there is a “right” way to do things. This person wants to live in the “perfect world”. Dreamers like to do things in order. Many are good at listening and like to help others. Many dreamers work as teachers, and often lead others. A partner wants to be in a group. For this person, rules are important. Partners pay attention to rules and think everybody should follow them. They are often both serious and careful. Many do well as teachers, managers (管理者) and officers. For thinkers, understanding things is very important. They like to work out problems and make new things. Thinkers are ▲ . They enjoy leading and winning. They have very strong opinions. Many thinkers work as scientists, inventors and engineers. Artists want to be free. They don’t want to follow the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. They are lively and active and do well as musicians and writers. 1．How many personality types are mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is important for partners? A．Right ways. B．A group. C．Rules. D．Understanding things. 3．Which of the following words can be put in ▲ ? A．friendly B．clever C．helpful D．interesting 4．What can we know about artists according to the passage? A．They like to experience something new. B．They like to work out problems. C．They are serious and careful. D．They like to do things in order. 5．Which of the following is the right structure of the passage? A．①②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②/③/④⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了四种不同性格类型的特点与适配职业，引导读者判断自己的性格类型。 【详解】1．通读全文可知，文章分别介绍了A dreamer（梦想家）、A partner（合作者）、Thinkers（思考者）和Artists（艺术家）这四种性格类型，共提到4种。 2．根据第三段“For this person, rules are important.”可知，规则对合作者而言是重要的。 3．根据第四段“work out problems and make new things”，且很多从事科学家、发明家这类对脑力要求较高的职业，可推断出思考者通常是聪明的。选项中clever符合语境。 4．根据最后一段“They also like trying new things.”可知，艺术家喜欢体验新事物。选项A与此意相符。 5．文章第一段引出性格类型的话题，属于总起段；第二段至第五段分别详细介绍了四种不同的性格类型，属于分述部分。因此文章结构为“总—分”结构，选项D符合这一结构。 （二） Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn’t move his body from the shoulders down. Doctors told him that he’d probably never walk again, but Ed didn’t want to believe this. He had recently got engaged (订婚) to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes (脚趾) and trying to make them move, and finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey. While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick. Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848 meters, almost the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised £46,000 for charity (慈善). Ed hopes his story can help people. That’s why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”. 1．Who did Ed want to get better mainly for? A．His parents. B．His doctor. C．His friend. D．His wife. 2．What is Ed like according to Paragraph 3? A．Brave. B．Helpful. C．Honest. D．Hard-working. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to(指代)? A．Raising money. B．Doing new movements. C．Visiting parents. D．Going up and down stairs. 4．Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage. a. Ed started M2M. b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move. c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool. d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. e. Ed climbed his parents' stairs 2,783 times. A．c-e-b-d-a B．c-b-d-e-a C．e-a-b-d-c D．e-b-d-c-a 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Football Player B．A Challenge Lover C．A Charity Worker D．A Mountain Climber 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了前足球运动员Ed遭遇意外下半身瘫痪后，没有放弃康复，坚持锻炼、攀登高山，还鼓励同病房病友、创办慈善机构，用自身经历激励身处困境之人的励志故事。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段“He had recently got engaged to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better.”可知，Ed想要康复的主要动力是因为他的未婚妻（现在的妻子）。 2．根据文章第三段“Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.”可知，Ed鼓励病友Paul不要放弃，最终帮助Paul重新行走，这体现了Ed乐于助人（Helpful）的品质。 3．根据文章第五段“by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it...”可知，“it”指代的是前文提到的通过上下楼梯来模拟登山的行为。 4．根据文章顺序：第一段提到Ed发生事故（c. Ed had an accident）；第二段提到他努力让脚趾动起来并成功了（b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move）；第四段提到事故一年后他攀登了威尔士最高峰（d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales）；第五段提到两年后他通过上下楼梯模拟攀登（e. Ed climbed his parents’ stairs）；最后一段提到他创立了慈善机构M2M（a. Ed started M2M）。正确顺序为c-b-d-e-a，对应B选项。 5．全文主要讲述了Ed在遭遇瘫痪事故后，勇于挑战自我，不仅恢复行走能力，还攀登高山并帮助他人面对生活挑战的故事。“A Challenge Lover”最能概括文章主旨和Ed面对困难积极进取的精神，适合作为文章标题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $