Unit 7 Natural Disasters（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 本试卷为《英语 基础模块3》Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷能力提升卷，紧扣教材核心考点，通过基础巩固与能力提升结合的题型设计，适配单元复习场景，强化语言应用与环保主题认知。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇与语法|25/25|含sandstorm等单元核心词汇，名词性从句、被动语态等语法点|通过辨音、词义选择等基础题型，夯实语言能力基础| |情景交际|15/30|环保行动、灾害应对等主题对话|创设访谈、社区活动等真实情境，提升跨文化沟通与思维品质| |阅读理解|10/20|自然灾害与人类活动关系、绿色能源等文本|选取台风防护、环保海报设计等贴近生活素材，培养信息获取与问题分析能力| |英汉互译|5/15|环保理念句群翻译|融合sustainable等单元关键词，强化语言转换与表达准确性| |应用写作|1/10|环保主题发言稿|要求结合灾害与人类活动关系提建议，体现语言能力与社会责任感，呼应人类命运共同体意识|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：70分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 综合卷Ⅰ（75分） 一、词汇与语法（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分） （一）单词辨音 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个画线部分发音与所给单词画线部分发音不同的选项。（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1．sandstorm A．star B．tap C．dark 2．frequently A．mouth B．jump C．under 3．realize A．night B．child C．rich 4．pollute A．lock B．hole C．tone 5．force A．message B．even C．never （二）词义选择 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个与句子中画线的英文单词或短语含义相符的中文选项。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 6．A sudden storm may strike the coastal town tonight. A．打扫 B．侵袭 C．安排 7．A sustainable city uses clean energy and saves resources. A．临时的 B．拥挤的 C．可持续的 8．The club will promote green travel through posters and speeches. A．促进 B．推迟 C．忽视促进 9．Many roads were closed due to the flood in the low area. A．通过 B．由于 C．除了 10．Strong winds can blow over trees growing in loose soil. A．潮湿的 B．昂贵的 C．松的 11．More students realize that small actions can protect the planet. A．认识到 B．借给 C．测量 12．Climate change is a global problem, not just a local one. A．古老的 B．全球的 C．吵闹的 13．Acid rain may harm forests, lakes and old buildings. A．海浪 B．沙尘暴 C．酸雨 14．After the discussion, the class chose five actions for the poster. A．地址 B．实验 C．讨论 15．An electric car creates less pollution than a gas-powered car. A．消防车 B．电动汽车 C．长途汽车 （三）语法运用 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项填入空白处完成句子。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 16．It is reported ______ electric buses can reduce air pollution. A．what B．whether C．that 17．______ worries many residents is whether the river will be polluted again. A．What B．That C．Which 18．The reason for the delay is ______ the typhoon struck the coast. A．whether B．that C．where 19．The problem is ______ we can persuade more drivers to choose electric cars. A．what B．that C．how 20．The bridge ______ by the flood last week. A．damaged B．was damaged C．is damaging 21．Students are encouraged ______ reusable bags when shopping. A．use B．to use C．using 22．We do not know ______ the outdoor activity will be canceled or not. A．that B．what C．whether 23．The city has planted more trees ______ it can reduce sandstorms. A．so that B．even if C．as soon as 24．Neither trains nor ships ______ on time during the storm yesterday. A．was B．were C．is 25．______ important change it is to use clean energy! A．How B．What C．What an 二、情景交际（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （一）简短对话 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项完成对话。（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 26．Speaker A: The report says some disasters are caused by human activities. Speaker B: ______ A．I am going to the library. B．It costs twenty yuan. C．That is certainly true. We need to make a change. 27．Speaker A: May I interview you about the flood last month? Speaker B: ______ A．Of course. I will share what I saw. B．It is a clean city. C．No, it is not a vehicle. 28．Speaker A: What is the most important thing in environmental protection? Speaker B: ______ A．I missed the train. B．It is a sunny morning. C．How we can get more people to join us. 29．Speaker A: My flight has been canceled due to the typhoon. Speaker B: ______ A．I like posters. B．You are a driver. C．I am sorry to hear that. Stay safe. 30．Speaker A: Would you like to present our poster on green energy? Speaker B: ______ A．Yes, I would love to. B．It is made of glass. C．The flood was serious. 31．Speaker A: How should we prepare before a strong typhoon arrives? Speaker B: ______ A．At the bus station. B．We should check windows and keep emergency supplies. C．It is about acid rain. 32．Speaker A: It seems that heat waves happen more frequently now. Speaker B: ______ A．That is only a ticket. B．I work in a company. C．Yes, climate change may be one reason. 33．Speaker A: Could you explain why electric cars are helpful? Speaker B: ______ A．No, I have not. B．It was canceled yesterday. C．They create less pollution than gas-powered cars. 34．Speaker A: The community will organize a recycling event tomorrow. Speaker B: ______ A．It is too salty. B．Great. I will take part in it. C．The volcano is far away. 35．Speaker A: What did the expert tie the sandstorm problem to? Speaker B: ______ A．It is not mine. B．By bus. C．Rapid urban development and tree cutting. （二）补全对话 阅读下面对话，根据上下文从所给的七个选项中选出一个最佳选项补全对话，其中2项多余。（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Reporter: Good morning. May I ask you some questions about last week's sandstorm? Student: ____ 36 ____ Reporter: What was the weather like that day? Student: The sky turned yellow, and the wind was very strong. Reporter: ____ 37 ____ Student: We stayed inside, closed the windows and wore masks when we had to go out. Reporter: Do you think human activities are related to such problems? Student: ____ 38 ____ Tree cutting and rapid building may make soil loose. Reporter: What can students do after the disaster? Student: ____ 39 ____ Reporter: That sounds practical. Thank you for your time. Student: ____ 40 ____ A. Yes, I think so. B. Of course. I will answer them. C. You are welcome. D. How did your class keep safe? E. We can make posters and join tree-planting activities. F. It is my family name. G. The train leaves at noon. 三、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列两篇短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 A When a typhoon warning was issued for a coastal town in Fujian, the community volunteer team began to work before the strong wind arrived. Lin Tao, a vocational school student whose father worked at the emergency service center, followed the online instructions carefully and helped his neighbors check whether their windows were closed tightly. Although he had never taken part in such work before, he understood that small preparations, if they were made early enough, could prevent serious damage. During the night, the rain became heavier, and several streets near the river were covered with water. Instead of going outside to take photos, Lin Tao stayed at home and helped his grandmother prepare flashlights, drinking water and simple food. His father sent messages to remind residents not to touch fallen electric wires, because what looked like an ordinary wire could become extremely dangerous after it was soaked by rainwater. The next morning, when the wind became weaker, the volunteer team cleaned leaves and plastic bags from the drains. A worker explained that drains blocked by rubbish might make floodwater rise faster, which would then damage shops, homes and vehicles along the street. Lin Tao wrote these details into an interview report, hoping that more students would realize disaster prevention is not only the work of adults but also a shared responsibility in daily life. 41．What did Lin Tao do before the strong wind arrived? A．He helped neighbors check their windows. B．He took photos near the river. C．He repaired fallen electric wires. 42．Why did Lin Tao prepare flashlights, water and food? A．To sell them to local shops. B．To get ready for the typhoon night. C．To decorate a classroom poster. 43．What warning did Lin Tao’s father send to residents? A．Do not touch fallen electric wires. B．Open windows to let wind in. C．Drive through flooded streets quickly. 44．What may happen if drains are blocked by rubbish? A．Green energy will be saved. B．Electric cars will charge faster. C．Floodwater may rise faster and cause damage. 45．What does the story mainly show? A．Typhoons only influence airports. B．Disaster prevention needs shared daily responsibility. C．Students should work outside during strong winds. B Natural disasters are often described as events that human beings cannot control, but many experts point out that the word “natural” does not tell the whole story. In some areas, sandstorms become more serious when trees are cut down for rapid urban development, because the soil that once stayed firm under grass and roots becomes loose and is easily blown away by strong winds. Smog, which many people regard only as an uncomfortable weather problem, is also closely connected with gases from heavy industry and vehicles. A group of vocational students studied these problems while preparing an environmental protection poster. They compared two pictures: one showed a crowded road full of gas-powered cars, and the other showed people taking electric buses and riding bicycles. After a long discussion, they agreed that promoting green energy and public transportation would not prevent every disaster, yet it could reduce environmental damage that makes some disasters more frequent or more harmful. Their poster did not simply ask people to “love the earth”. Instead, it listed practical actions that ordinary families could take, such as saving electricity, choosing reusable bags, using electric cars when possible, and joining tree-planting activities. The students also wrote a sentence at the bottom: “What matters most is that we act before the next warning arrives.” This sentence became the focus of their presentation, because it reminded listeners that environmental protection is meaningful only when ideas turn into daily habits. 46．Why can tree cutting make sandstorms more serious? A．Because loose soil is more easily blown away. B．Because trees create harmful gases. C．Because strong winds stop after trees are cut. 47．What is smog closely connected with according to the text? A．Only clean energy use. B．Gases from heavy industry and vehicles. C．The sound of electric buses. 48．What did the students agree on after discussion? A．Green energy and public transportation can reduce environmental damage. B．Every family should stop using all vehicles immediately. C．Posters are useless in environmental protection. 49．Which action was mentioned on the poster? A．Buying more plastic bags. B．Choosing reusable bags. C．Cutting down old trees. 50．What does the last sentence on the poster stress? A．People should turn ideas into action before problems grow worse. B．Warnings are more important than daily habits. C．Students should only listen to experts. 综合卷Ⅱ（25分） 四、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 51．It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds. _____________________________________________ 52．The most important thing is how we can get more people to join us. _____________________________________________ 53．Electric cars help reduce pollution and protect the environment. _____________________________________________ 54．问题是我们是否能阻止进一步的损害。（whether） _____________________________________________ 55．为了可持续发展，我们应该推广公共交通。（sustainable） _____________________________________________ 五、应用写作（满分10分） 56．假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举行“Protect Our Planet”主题展示。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文发言稿。 提示： 1.说明自然灾害与人类活动可能存在的关系； 2.提出至少两条环保行动建议； 3.呼吁同学们从日常生活中作出改变。 要求： 1.词数80—100词； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear classmates, Today I would like to talk about how to protect our planet. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：70分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 综合卷Ⅰ（75分） 一、词汇与语法（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分） （一）单词辨音 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个画线部分发音与所给单词画线部分发音不同的选项。（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1．sandstorm A．star B．tap C．dark 【答案】B 【详解】考查字母 a 的发音。sandstorm、star、dark 中 a 发 /ɑː/，tap 中 a 发 /æ/，发音不同。故选 B。 2．frequently A．mouth B．jump C．under 【答案】A 【详解】考查字母 u 的发音。frequently、jump、under 中 u 发 /ʌ/，mouth 中 u 发 /juː/，发音不同。故选 A。 3．realize A．night B．child C．rich 【答案】C 【详解】考查字母 i 的发音。realize、night、child 中 i 发 /aɪ/，rich 中 i 发 /ɪ/，发音不同。故选 C。 4．pollute A．lock B．hole C．tone 【答案】A 【详解】考查字母 o 的发音。pollute、hole、tone 中 o 发 /əʊ/，lock 中 o 发 /ɒ/，发音不同。故选 A。 5．force A．message B．even C．never 【答案】B 【详解】考查字母 e 的发音。force、message、never 中 e 发 /e/，even 中 e 发 /iː/，发音不同。故选 B。 （二）词义选择 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个与句子中画线的英文单词或短语含义相符的中文选项。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 6．A sudden storm may strike the coastal town tonight. A．打扫 B．侵袭 C．安排 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义。strike 在自然灾害语境中表示“侵袭；袭击”。故选 B。 7．A sustainable city uses clean energy and saves resources. A．临时的 B．拥挤的 C．可持续的 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义。sustainable 描述城市发展方式，意为“可持续的”。故选 C。 8．The club will promote green travel through posters and speeches. A．促进 B．推迟 C．忽视促进 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义。promote 与 green travel 搭配，表示“促进；推广”。故选 A。 9．Many roads were closed due to the flood in the low area. A．通过 B．由于 C．除了 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词短语。due to 引出道路关闭的原因，意为“由于”。故选 B。 10．Strong winds can blow over trees growing in loose soil. A．潮湿的 B．昂贵的 C．松的 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义。loose soil 表示“松散的土壤”，容易被风吹动。故选 C。 11．More students realize that small actions can protect the planet. A．认识到 B．借给 C．测量 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义。realize 后接 that 从句，表示“认识到”。故选 A。 12．Climate change is a global problem, not just a local one. A．古老的 B．全球的 C．吵闹的 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义。global 与 not just a local one 对比，表示“全球的”。故选 B。 13．Acid rain may harm forests, lakes and old buildings. A．海浪 B．沙尘暴 C．酸雨 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词短语。acid rain 指“酸雨”，句中说明其会危害森林、湖泊和建筑。故选 C。 14．After the discussion, the class chose five actions for the poster. A．地址 B．实验 C．讨论 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义。discussion 表示“讨论”，后文 chose five actions 是讨论后的结果。故选 C。 15．An electric car creates less pollution than a gas-powered car. A．消防车 B．电动汽车 C．长途汽车 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词短语。electric car 表示“电动汽车”，与 less pollution 语境一致。故选 B。 （三）语法运用 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项填入空白处完成句子。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 16．It is reported ______ electric buses can reduce air pollution. A．what B．whether C．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句。It is reported that... 表示“据报道……”，that 引导真正的主语从句。故选 C。 17．______ worries many residents is whether the river will be polluted again. A．What B．That C．Which 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。空处在从句中作主语，表示“使居民担心的事”，用 What。故选 A。 18．The reason for the delay is ______ the typhoon struck the coast. A．whether B．that C．where 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。主语为 The reason，表语从句说明原因内容，常用 that 引导。故选 B。 19．The problem is ______ we can persuade more drivers to choose electric cars. A．what B．that C．how 【答案】C 【详解】考查表语从句。句意为“问题是我们如何说服更多司机选择电动汽车”，用 how。故选 C。 20．The bridge ______ by the flood last week. A．damaged B．was damaged C．is damaging 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。主语 The bridge 是动作承受者，last week 表示过去，故用 was damaged。故选 B。 21．Students are encouraged ______ reusable bags when shopping. A．use B．to use C．using 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。be encouraged to do sth. 表示“被鼓励做某事”。故选 B。 22．We do not know ______ the outdoor activity will be canceled or not. A．that B．what C．whether 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。whether...or not 为固定搭配，表示“是否”。故选 C。 23．The city has planted more trees ______ it can reduce sandstorms. A．so that B．even if C．as soon as 【答案】A 【详解】考查目的状语从句。so that 表示“以便”，说明植树的目的。故选 A。 24．Neither trains nor ships ______ on time during the storm yesterday. A．was B．were C．is 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。Neither...nor...连接复数名词，yesterday 表示过去，谓语用 were。故选 B。 25．______ important change it is to use clean energy! A．How B．What C．What an 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句。change 为可数名词单数，important 以元音音素开头，结构为 What an + 形容词 + 名词。故选 C。 二、情景交际（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （一）简短对话 从下列各小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项完成对话。（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 26．Speaker A: The report says some disasters are caused by human activities. Speaker B: ______ A．I am going to the library. B．It costs twenty yuan. C．That is certainly true. We need to make a change. 【答案】C 【详解】考查观点回应。对方陈述报告观点，此处应表达认同并提出改变行动。故选 C。 27．Speaker A: May I interview you about the flood last month? Speaker B: ______ A．Of course. I will share what I saw. B．It is a clean city. C．No, it is not a vehicle. 【答案】A 【详解】考查采访请求回应。May I...? 表示礼貌请求，Of course 表示同意接受采访。故选 A。 28．Speaker A: What is the most important thing in environmental protection? Speaker B: ______ A．I missed the train. B．It is a sunny morning. C．How we can get more people to join us. 【答案】C 【详解】考查信息回答。问句询问最重要的事情，选项 C 用名词性从句说明关键点。故选 C 。 29．Speaker A: My flight has been canceled due to the typhoon. Speaker B: ______ A．I like posters. B．You are a driver. C．I am sorry to hear that. Stay safe. 【答案】C 【详解】考查安慰表达。听到对方航班因台风取消，应表达遗憾并提醒安全。故选 C。 30．Speaker A: Would you like to present our poster on green energy? Speaker B: ______ A．Yes, I would love to. B．It is made of glass. C．The flood was serious. 【答案】A 【详解】考查邀请回应。Would you like to...? 的肯定回答可用 Yes, I would love to。故选 A。 31．Speaker A: How should we prepare before a strong typhoon arrives? Speaker B: ______ A．At the bus station. B．We should check windows and keep emergency supplies. C．It is about acid rain. 【答案】B 【详解】考查建议表达。问句询问台风前准备措施，应回答具体安全做法。故选 B。 32．Speaker A: It seems that heat waves happen more frequently now. Speaker B: ______ A．That is only a ticket. B．I work in a company. C．Yes, climate change may be one reason. 【答案】C 【详解】考查观点补充。对方提到热浪更频繁，应结合气候变化补充原因。故选 C。 33．Speaker A: Could you explain why electric cars are helpful? Speaker B: ______ A．No, I have not. B．It was canceled yesterday. C．They create less pollution than gas-powered cars. 【答案】C 【详解】考查解释说明。问句询问电动汽车有益的原因，应回答其污染更少。故选 C。 34．Speaker A: The community will organize a recycling event tomorrow. Speaker B: ______ A．It is too salty. B．Great. I will take part in it. C．The volcano is far away. 【答案】B 【详解】考查活动回应。听到社区组织回收活动，应表达积极参与。故选 B。 35．Speaker A: What did the expert tie the sandstorm problem to? Speaker B: ______ A．It is not mine. B．By bus. C．Rapid urban development and tree cutting. 【答案】C 【详解】考查信息回答。问句询问专家把沙尘暴问题与什么相关联，选项 C 符合语境。故选 C。 （二）补全对话 阅读下面对话，根据上下文从所给的七个选项中选出一个最佳选项补全对话，其中2项多余。（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Reporter: Good morning. May I ask you some questions about last week's sandstorm? Student: ____ 36 ____ Reporter: What was the weather like that day? Student: The sky turned yellow, and the wind was very strong. Reporter: ____ 37 ____ Student: We stayed inside, closed the windows and wore masks when we had to go out. Reporter: Do you think human activities are related to such problems? Student: ____ 38 ____ Tree cutting and rapid building may make soil loose. Reporter: What can students do after the disaster? Student: ____ 39 ____ Reporter: That sounds practical. Thank you for your time. Student: ____ 40 ____ A. Yes, I think so. B. Of course. I will answer them. C. You are welcome. D. How did your class keep safe? E. We can make posters and join tree-planting activities. F. It is my family name. G. The train leaves at noon. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. E 40. C 【解析】 36. 上文为采访请求，Of course. I will answer them. 表示接受采访并愿意回答问题。故选 B。 37. 下文介绍待在室内、关窗和戴口罩等安全措施，所以上文应询问如何保障安全。故选 D。 38. 上文询问人类活动是否相关，下文列举砍树和快速建设的影响，说明此处表示肯定。故选 A。 39. 上文询问学生灾后可以做什么，此处回答制作海报和参加植树活动，符合问题。故选 E。 40. 上文记者表示感谢，You are welcome. 是恰当回应。故选 C。 三、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列两篇短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 A When a typhoon warning was issued for a coastal town in Fujian, the community volunteer team began to work before the strong wind arrived. Lin Tao, a vocational school student whose father worked at the emergency service center, followed the online instructions carefully and helped his neighbors check whether their windows were closed tightly. Although he had never taken part in such work before, he understood that small preparations, if they were made early enough, could prevent serious damage. During the night, the rain became heavier, and several streets near the river were covered with water. Instead of going outside to take photos, Lin Tao stayed at home and helped his grandmother prepare flashlights, drinking water and simple food. His father sent messages to remind residents not to touch fallen electric wires, because what looked like an ordinary wire could become extremely dangerous after it was soaked by rainwater. The next morning, when the wind became weaker, the volunteer team cleaned leaves and plastic bags from the drains. A worker explained that drains blocked by rubbish might make floodwater rise faster, which would then damage shops, homes and vehicles along the street. Lin Tao wrote these details into an interview report, hoping that more students would realize disaster prevention is not only the work of adults but also a shared responsibility in daily life. 41．What did Lin Tao do before the strong wind arrived? A．He helped neighbors check their windows. B．He took photos near the river. C．He repaired fallen electric wires. 42．Why did Lin Tao prepare flashlights, water and food? A．To sell them to local shops. B．To get ready for the typhoon night. C．To decorate a classroom poster. 43．What warning did Lin Tao’s father send to residents? A．Do not touch fallen electric wires. B．Open windows to let wind in. C．Drive through flooded streets quickly. 44．What may happen if drains are blocked by rubbish? A．Green energy will be saved. B．Electric cars will charge faster. C．Floodwater may rise faster and cause damage. 45．What does the story mainly show? A．Typhoons only influence airports. B．Disaster prevention needs shared daily responsibility. C．Students should work outside during strong winds. 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述福建沿海小镇台风预警期间，中职学生林涛参与社区防灾准备、家庭应急和灾后清理的经历。文章通过较复杂的时间线和因果关系，强调灾害预防中的公共责任。 【详解】41．根据第一段“helped his neighbors check whether their windows were closed tightly”可知，强风到来前他帮助邻居检查窗户。故选 A。 【详解】42．根据第二段台风夜雨势变大以及准备手电、饮水和简易食物可知，这些物品用于应对台风夜晚。故选 B。 【详解】43．根据第二段“not to touch fallen electric wires”可知，父亲提醒居民不要触碰掉落电线。故选 A。 【详解】44．根据第三段“drains blocked by rubbish might make floodwater rise faster”可知，堵塞的排水沟会让洪水上涨更快并造成损害。故选 C。 【详解】45．文章通过林涛参与防台风准备和灾后清理，说明防灾不是成人专属，而是日常共同责任。故选 B。 B Natural disasters are often described as events that human beings cannot control, but many experts point out that the word “natural” does not tell the whole story. In some areas, sandstorms become more serious when trees are cut down for rapid urban development, because the soil that once stayed firm under grass and roots becomes loose and is easily blown away by strong winds. Smog, which many people regard only as an uncomfortable weather problem, is also closely connected with gases from heavy industry and vehicles. A group of vocational students studied these problems while preparing an environmental protection poster. They compared two pictures: one showed a crowded road full of gas-powered cars, and the other showed people taking electric buses and riding bicycles. After a long discussion, they agreed that promoting green energy and public transportation would not prevent every disaster, yet it could reduce environmental damage that makes some disasters more frequent or more harmful. Their poster did not simply ask people to “love the earth”. Instead, it listed practical actions that ordinary families could take, such as saving electricity, choosing reusable bags, using electric cars when possible, and joining tree-planting activities. The students also wrote a sentence at the bottom: “What matters most is that we act before the next warning arrives.” This sentence became the focus of their presentation, because it reminded listeners that environmental protection is meaningful only when ideas turn into daily habits. 46．Why can tree cutting make sandstorms more serious? A．Because loose soil is more easily blown away. B．Because trees create harmful gases. C．Because strong winds stop after trees are cut. 47．What is smog closely connected with according to the text? A．Only clean energy use. B．Gases from heavy industry and vehicles. C．The sound of electric buses. 48．What did the students agree on after discussion? A．Green energy and public transportation can reduce environmental damage. B．Every family should stop using all vehicles immediately. C．Posters are useless in environmental protection. 49．Which action was mentioned on the poster? A．Buying more plastic bags. B．Choosing reusable bags. C．Cutting down old trees. 50．What does the last sentence on the poster stress? A．People should turn ideas into action before problems grow worse. B．Warnings are more important than daily habits. C．Students should only listen to experts. 【答案】46．A 47．B 48．A 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文兼说明文，围绕自然灾害与人类活动之间的关系展开，分析砍树、工业排放、交通方式等因素对沙尘暴和雾霾的影响，并说明学生如何把环保理念转化为具体行动。语篇包含长句、让步关系和因果推理，适合能力提升训练。 【详解】46．根据第一段“the soil...becomes loose and is easily blown away by strong winds”可知，砍树会让土壤变松，更容易被强风吹走。故选 A。 【详解】47．根据第一段“connected with gases from heavy industry and vehicles”可知，雾霾与重工业和车辆排放气体密切相关。故选 B。 【详解】48．根据第二段“promoting green energy and public transportation...could reduce environmental damage”可知，学生认为绿色能源和公共交通能减少环境损害。故选 A。 【详解】49．根据第三段“choosing reusable bags”可知，海报列出了选择可重复使用购物袋这一行动。故选 B。 【详解】50．海报句子强调在下一次预警到来前采取行动，结合末句 ideas turn into daily habits 可知，重点是把想法落实为行动。故选 A。 综合卷Ⅱ（25分） 四、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 51．It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds. _____________________________________________ 【答案】众所周知，沙尘暴是由强风自然引起的。 【详解】It is known that... 表示“众所周知……”；be caused by 表示“由……引起”。 52．The most important thing is how we can get more people to join us. _____________________________________________ 【答案】最重要的事情是我们如何能让更多人加入我们。 【详解】how 引导表语从句；get sb. to do sth. 表示“让某人做某事”。 53．Electric cars help reduce pollution and protect the environment. _____________________________________________ 【答案】电动汽车有助于减少污染并保护环境。 【详解】help do sth. 表示“帮助做某事”；reduce pollution 表示“减少污染”。 54．问题是我们是否能阻止进一步的损害。（whether） _____________________________________________ 【答案】The problem is whether we can prevent further damage. 【详解】whether 引导表语从句，表示“是否”；prevent further damage 表示“阻止进一步损害”。 55．为了可持续发展，我们应该推广公共交通。（sustainable） _____________________________________________ 【答案】For sustainable development, we should promote public transportation. 【详解】sustainable development 表示“可持续发展”；promote public transportation 表示“推广公共交通”。 五、应用写作（满分10分） 56．假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举行“Protect Our Planet”主题展示。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文发言稿。 提示： 1.说明自然灾害与人类活动可能存在的关系； 2.提出至少两条环保行动建议； 3.呼吁同学们从日常生活中作出改变。 要求： 1.词数80—100词； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear classmates, Today I would like to talk about how to protect our planet. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【参考范文】 Dear classmates, Today I would like to talk about how to protect our planet. In recent years, natural disasters such as floods, sandstorms and heat waves have happened more frequently. Some of them are related to human activities, because polluted air, tree cutting and waste of resources can damage the environment. What matters most is that we make a change before the next warning arrives. First, we should save electricity and water at school and at home. Second, we can use public transportation or electric cars more often. Third, we should join clean-up and tree-planting activities. If everyone takes small but useful actions, our earth will become safer and more beautiful. Thank you! 【解析】结构完整：范文先说明自然灾害与人类活动的关系，再提出节水节电、绿色出行、清扫植树等行动，最后发出倡议。 【解析】语言准确：文章使用 natural disasters, be related to, make a change, public transportation 等表达，句式包含原因状语从句、主语从句和条件状语从句，符合能力提升要求。 【解析】主题集中：全文围绕环境保护展开，内容没有偏离发言稿任务，呼吁明确，逻辑自然。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $