Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（译林版）

Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： soccer bat skydiving congratulation assume do wonders lung over the long term tend immune disease moreover reduce routine muscle aerobic jogging skiing pull-up bone gymnastics tai chi stretch range;movement等 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 assume 释义：假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露 /'sju:m/ 词汇变形：assumption(n,)假定，假设；assumed(adj,)假定的 搭配：assume that..假定…；assume responsibility/.office承担责 任/就职；assume an air of..装出…的样子 辨析：assume指没有证据的推测；presume指基于可能性的推测； suppose指基于一定事实的猜想 例句：We cannot assume that he is guilty without evidence, 没有证据，我们不能假定他有罪。 She assumed the position of manager last month. 她上个月担任了经理一职。 tend 释义：往往会；趋向：vt.照看 /tend/ 词汇变形：tendency(m)趋势，倾向；tender(adj)温柔的；tending )照料 搭配：tend to do sth.往往会做某事：tend towards趋向于；tend(to) sb./sth.照料某人/某物 辨析：tend to do侧重习惯性倾向；be inclined to do侧重主观意愿： be apt to do侧重可能性 例句：People tend to sleep more in winter: 人们在冬天往往睡得更多。 The nurse tended to the injured carefully. 护士仔细照料受伤者。 immune 释义：有免疫力：不受影响的；免疫的 /I'mju:n/ 词汇变形：immunity(n.)免疫力；immunize(v,)使免疫； immunization(,)免疫接种 搭配：be immune to对…有免疫力：不受…影响；be immune fiom免除…的 辨析：immune强调自身抵抗力；resistant强调抗拒外力：protected 强调被动保护 例句：Once you have had the disease,you are immune to it for life. 一旦你得过这种病，你就终身对其免疫。 He seems immune to criticism. 他似乎对批评无动于衷。 reduce 释义：减少，缩小 /rI'dju:s/ 词汇变形：reduction(n.)减少；reducible(adj,)可减少的：reducer (n.)减速器 搭配：reduce sth.to.使减少到…；reduce sth.by.减少了 reduce the risk降低风险 辨析：reduce指数量、程度、大小等减少；decrease指逐渐减少： decline指下降、衰退 例句：The cost has been reduced by20%. 成本已经减少了20%。 We must reduce our expenditure to a minimum. 我们必须将开支降到最低。 routine 释义：常规，惯例；ad山j.常规的，例行的 ru:'ti:n/ 词汇变形：routinely(adv)例行公事地；routinize(v.)使常规化 搭配：daily routine日常事务；break the routine打破常规：routine check例行检查 辨析：routine指固定、习惯性的程序；habit指个人习惯；custom指 社会习俗 例句：Getting up early is part of my daily routine. 早起是我日常生活的一部分。 The doctor performed a routine operation 医生进行了一次常规手术。 6 stretch 释义：伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使）延伸 /stretf/ 词汇变形：stretcher(n)担架；stretchy(adj,)有弹性的；stretching (n.)伸展运动 搭配：stretch oneself伸展身体；stretch one's legs活动腿脚；stretch out伸出；延长 辨析：stretch指拉长、延伸；extend指在空间或时间上延长； expand指扩大、膨胀 例句：Stretch your arms above your head. 将双臂举过头顶伸展。 The road stretches for miles. 这条路绵延数英里。 range 释义：n.(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间：一系列：vi.(在… /remd3/ 范围内)变动 词汇变形：ranging(adj)范围广泛的；rangefinder()测距仪 搭配：a range of一系列；range from..to..范围从…到…； within1ange在范围内；beyond range超出范围 辨析：range指变动幅度；scope指活动或理解的范围：scale指规模 大小 例句：The prices range from5to$50. 价格从5美元到50美元不等。 We offer a wide range ofproducts. 我们提供广泛的产品系列。 8 movement 释义：活动，转动：移动：运动 /'mu:vmant/ 词汇变形：move(v,)移动：moving(adj)令人感动的；movable (adj.)可移动的 搭配：the movement of.....的运动；a political movement政治运 动；make a movement做动作 辨析：movement泛指运动、移动；motion指物理上的运动； campaign指有目的的社会/政治运动 例句：The environmental movement has gained more support. 环保运动获得了更多支持。 He made a sudden movement and scared me. 他突然动了一下，吓了我一跳。 9 moreover 释义：此外，而且 /mo:r'auva(r)/ 词汇变形：无（副词） 搭配：常用于句首或句中，起递进作用；同义词：furthermore,in addition,besides 辨析：moreover语气较强，正式；besides口语化；furthermore正式 且强调递进 例句：The plan was expensive,.moreover it was risky. 这个计划很昂贵，而且很冒险。 He is a good teacher;moreover,he is a great friend. 他是一位好老师，而且是一个很好的朋友。 10 congratulation 释义：祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 /kan,graet fu'leifn/ 词汇变形：congratulate(v)祝贺；congratulatory(adj)祝贺的： congratulator(n.)祝贺者 搭配：congratulations on sth.就某事祝贺：offer/give congratulations 表示祝贺；a letter of congratulation贺信 注意：常用复数形式congratulations 例句：Congratulations on your success! 祝贺你成功！ I sent him my congratulations by email. 我通过电子邮件向他表示祝贺。 11 do wonders 释义：创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 搭配：do wonders for/tosb./sth.对…产生神奇效果 同义短语：work miracles,achieve wonders,work wonders 例句：A good night's sleep can do wonders for your energy. 夜好眠对你的精力有神奇的效果。 This medicine did wonders for my headache 这种药对缓解我的头痛有奇效。 12 over the long term 释义：长期 同义短语：in the long term;in the long run,over the long haul 反义短语：in the short term,over the short term 搭配：常作状语，用于预测或评价长期结果 例句：Over the long term,regular exercise improves health. 从长远来看，定期锻炼有益健康。 The investment will pay offover the long term. 这项投资长期来看会有回报。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式） 1.It is unwise to (assume)that all teenagers are addicted to smartphones 2.People who exercise regularly (tend)to have stronger immune systems. 3.Once you have recovered from measles,you are usually (immune)to it. 4.The new policy aims to reduce the use of plastic bags 50%by2025. 5.As a nurse,she is used to the daily (routine)of the hospital 6.Before doing sports,you should (stretch)your muscles to avoid injury. 7.The ages of the participants (range)from 10 to 80 years old 8.The (move)of the dancers was so graceful that everyone was amazed. 9.The project is challenging; (moreover),it requires a lot oftime 10.I want to offer my (congratulate)on your winning the first prize. 11.A ten-minute walk every day can do (wonder)for your mental health 12. the long term,eating too much sugar will damage your teeth. (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示，用本单元核心词汇/短语完成句子） 1.我们不应假定所有学生都知道这个规则。 We should not all students know the rule. 2.在压力下，人们往往会犯更多的错误。 Under pressure,people more mistakes. 3这种疫苗能使你终生对流感免疫。 This vaccine can make you flu for life. 4.公司正试图将成本降低到最低水平。 The company is trying to the cost the minimum level. 5.除了日常事务，他还负责管理团队。 Besides he is also responsible for managing the team. 6这条河流延伸超过一百公里。 The river over 100 kilometers. 7.这个博物馆提供从古代到现代的各种艺术品。 The museum offers a wide artworks ancient modern 8.一杯热牛奶能在睡前产生神奇的效果。 Aglass of warm milk can before bedtime. (三)短文填空（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式) Many people believe that sports can 1 (do)wonders for physical health,and 2. the long term,they also benefit mental well-being.3. (moreover), regular exercise can 4. (reduction)the risk of various diseases and strengthen the immune system. First,aerobic exercises like jogging and swimming help improve heart and 5. (lung)function.They also 6 (tend)to increase muscle strength and bone density. For beginners,it is important to 7. (stretch)before and after workouts to prevent injury.Over time,you can 8. (assume)that your endurance will improve. Second,strength training,such as pull-ups and weightlifting,builds 9. (muscle) and speeds up metabolism.While these activities may seem challenging 10. first, they become part of your daily 11. (routine)once you get used to them. Finally,we should not 12 (immune)from the importance of rest.A balanced schedule that 13 (range)from high-intensity exercise to gentle activities like tai chi or yoga can help maintain a healthy 14. (move)range.15. (congratulate)yourself for every small progress you make-it will keep you motivated! 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.assume;2.tend;3.immune;4.by;5.routine;6.stretch;7range;8.movement; 9.moreover;10.congratulations;11.wonders;12.Over (二)单句表达 1.assume that;2.tend to make;3.immune to;4.reduce;to;5.daily routine;6.stretches for;7range of;from;to;8.do wonders (三)短文填空 1.do;2.over;3.Moreover;4.reduce;5.lung;6.tend;7.stretch;8.assume;9.muscle; 10.at;11.routine;12.be immune;13.ranges;14.movement;15.Congratulate