Unit 5 What an adventure!-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第三册（外研版）

Unit 5 What an adventure! 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： initial;thus;zone;oxygen;border,confirm;crowd;sheer;bring...into focus; attempt;failure;psychologist;thrill;port;unaware;alcohol;bandage;plaster; thermometer,ubber等 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 initial 释义：adj.开始的，最初的 h'nifV 词汇变形：initially(adv,)起初；initiative()主动性，倡议 搭配：initial stage初始阶段；initialplan最初计划；initial reaction 最初反应 辨析：initial强调时间顺序上的“最初”，与later相对original 强调“原始的/独创的”，与copy相对 例句：The initial step of the experiment is to collect enough data. 实验的第一步是收集足够的数据。 She overcame her initial nervousness and gave a brilliant speech. 她克服了最初的紧张，发表了一场精彩的演讲。 thus 释义：adv.因此，从而 /os/ 词汇变形：无词性变化 搭配：hus+句子；thus doing sth.从而做某事；thus far迄今为止 辨析：hus较正式，常用于书面：herefore更常用；so最口语化 例句：He studied hard,.thus achieving excellent results. 他努力学习，因此取得了优异的成绩。 The weather was bad;thus the match was cancelled. 天气不好，所以比赛被取消了。 3 confirm 释义：v.证实，证明 /kan'f3:m/ 词汇变形：confirmation(n.)证实，确认；confirmed(adj.)被证实 的，坚定的 搭配：confirm sb.'s suspicion证实某人的怀疑；confirm a reservation确认预订；it is confirmed that...据悉… 辨析：confirm指通过证据“证实”某事的真实性；prove指通过逻 辑或实验“证明”客观事实；verify指核对数据或信息“验证”真伪 例句：The experiment confirmed the scientist'stheory. 实验证实了科学家的理论。 Can you confirm your attendance before Friday? 你能在周五前确认是否出席吗？ sheer 释义：ad.纯粹的，十足的 fia(r)/ 词汇变形：sheerly(adv.)完全地；sheerness(n)透明，纯粹 搭配：sheer luck纯属运气；sheer size庞大的规模；sheer joy纯粹 的快乐 辨析：heer强调“绝对的/不掺杂的”，多修饰抽象名词：pre强 调“纯净的/无杂质的”，可修饰物质 例句：It was sheer coincidence that we met in Paris. 我们在巴黎相遇纯属巧合。 The view from the top was sheer beauty. 从山顶看到的景色美不胜收。 5 bring...into focus 释义：使…成为焦点 结构：bring sth./sb.into focus 同义替换：focus on,concentrate on 用法：focus前不加冠词，into focus是固定短语，“成为清晰焦 点” 搭配：bring the issue into focus使问题受到关注；bring the image into focus使图像清晰 例句：The accident brought the dangers of texting while driving into focus. 这起事故使开车时发短信的危险成为焦点。 New evidence brought the suspect into focus. 新证据使嫌疑人成为焦点。 6 attempt 释义：n.努力，尝试；v.尝试 /a'tempt/ 词汇变形：attempted(adj,)未遂的（如attempted murder) 搭配：make an attempt to do sth.尝试做某事；attempt at doing sth 做某事的尝试：in an attempt to do sth.为了做某事 辨析：attempt比ty更正式，常暗示有挑战性；effort强调付出的 努力，不一定成功 例句：The climber made another attempt to reach the summit. 登山者再次尝试登顶。 They attempted to escape but were caught. 他们试图逃跑，但被抓住了。 failure 释义：n.失败 /'feilja(r)/ 词汇变形：fail(v.)失败：failed(adj.)失败的 搭配：failure to do sth.未能做某事；end in failure以失败告终；a complete/total failure彻底的失败 辨析：failure指“失败”的结果或状态；defeat指“被击败”： mistake指“错误” 例句：His failure to pass the exam discouraged him. 他考试不及格，这让他的信心受挫。 Success comes after many failures. 成功是在多次失败之后到来的。 8 psychologist 释义：n.心理学家 /sar'kplad3Ist/ 词汇变形：psychology(m)心理学；psychological(adj)心理的； psychologically(adv)心理上 搭配：clinical psychologist临床心理学家；consult a psychologist 咨询心理学家 辨析：psychiatrist是精神科医生（可开药）；psychologist是心理学 家（通常不处方药物) 例句：The psychologist analyzed the child's behavior patterns. 心理学家分析了孩子的行为模式。 Psychological research shows that stress affects memory. 心理学研究表明压力会影响记忆。 thrill 释义：n.惊险，刺激；v.使激动 /erIV/ 词汇变形：thrilled(adj,)非常兴奋的；thrilling(adj.)令人激动的； thriller (n)惊悚片 搭配：a thrill of excitement一阵兴奋；thrill to sth.因某事激动： seek thrills寻求刺激 辨析：hill强调短暂强烈的兴奋；excitement泛指兴奋情绪； pleasure指愉悦 例句：The roller coaster ride gave me a real thrill. 过山车给了我很刺激的体验。 The audience was thrilled by the performance. 观众被表演深深吸引了。 10 unaw are 释义：adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的 /,n3'wea()/ 词汇变形：aware(adj.)意识到的；awareness(n)意识；unawareness (.)没意识 搭配：be unaware of sth.未意识到…；unaware that+从句 用法：uaware只能作表语，不能放在名词前；unawares(adv)意外 地，出其不意地 例句：She was unaware of the danger ahead, 她没有意识到前方的危险。 Many people are unaware that their habits harm the environment. 许多人没有意识到他们的习惯会危害环境。 11 border 释义：n国界，边界；v.接壤；接近 /'bo:da(r)/ 词汇变形：borderline(n./adj)边界线/临界；borderer(n)边境居民 搭配：border on sth.接壤；接近于（比喻用法)；cross the border 过境：border dispute边境争端 辨析：border侧重国界线；boundary指任何界限（如土地）： frontier指边疆、前沿 例句：Canada borders on the United States in the south. 加拿大南部与美国接壤。 His remarks bordered on rudeness. 他的话近乎粗鲁。 12 crowd 释义：n.人群；v.挤满，聚集 raod/ 词汇变形：crowded(adj)拥挤的；crowding (n)拥挤 搭配：a crowd of一群；be crowded with挤满：crowd into涌进； follow the crowd随大流 辨析：crowd指杂乱的人群；group指有组织的群体；throng指密集 移动的人群 例句：The stadium was crowded with excited fans 体育场里挤满了兴奋的粉丝。 Don't just follow the crowd;think for yourself. 不要随大流，要自己思考。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（共12小题） 1.She overcame her (initially)shyness and gave a wonderful speech 2.The evidence (confirm)the truth of the accident. 3.It was shee luck that he found the lost wallet. 4.The new policy brought the problem of air pollution focus. 5.Despite many (attempt),the scientists failed to find a cure 6.His (fail)to keep his promise disappointed his friends. 7.A (psychology)is a professional who studies human mind and behavior. 8.The roller coaster ride was such a (thrill)experience that everyone screamed. 9.Many teenagers are unaware the dangers of excessive screen time. 10.The country's northern border (border)on a vast desert. 11.The square is always (crowd)with tourists during festivals. 12.He didn't call us,thus (leave)us waiting for hours. (二)单句表达（共9小题) 1.这个实验的初始阶段需要收集足够的数据。 The of the experiment requires collecting enough data 2他学习非常刻苦，因此取得了优异的成绩。 He studied very hard, excellent results 3请在下周五前确认你是否参加会议。 Please your for the meeting before next Friday 4这完全是巧合，我们居然在同一家餐厅相遇。 It was that we met in the same restaurant. 5这次事故使行人安全的问题成为焦点。 The accident the issue of pedestrian safety 6这名登山者试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰，但失败了。 The climber an to climb Mount Qomolangma but failed. 7心理学家指出，失败是成功之母。 point out that failure is the mother of success. 8许多游客涌进了那个小镇，观赏樱花。 alarge number of tourists the small town to see cherry blossoms. 9他完全没有意识到自己的行为对别人造成了伤害。 He was completely the harm his actions had caused to others. (三)短文填空 Last summer,I decided to climb a famous mountain.The 1 (initially)plan seemed simple,but the reality was far more challenging.I had been training for months,2 (thus)I felt confident.However,at the 3 (begin)of the climb,I was 4 (aware)of the danger ahead.The weather suddenly turned bad.5 (sheer)luck saved me from falling when I slipped on a wet stone.The incident 6 the importance of safety equipment into focus.I made another 7 (attempt)to continue,but my legs were shaking.The fear of8 (fail)almost made me give up.A9 (psychology)once told me that fear is a normal reaction.I took a deep breath and felt a 10 (thrill)of excitement instead of panic.The path 11 (border)on a steep cliff.I had to be careful not to crowd myself with other climbers.Finally,I reached the top Looking back,I realized that 12 (aware)of one's limits is also a kind of growth 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.initial;2.confirms;3.sheer;4.into;5.attempts;6.failure;7.psychologist; 8.thrilling;9.of;10.borders;11.crowded;12.leaving (二)单句表达 1initial stage;2.thus achieving;3.confirm attendance;4.sheer coincidence; 5.brought into focus;6.made attempt;7.Psychologists;8.crowded into;9.unaware of (三)短文填空 1.initial;2.thus;3.beginning;4.unaware;5.Sheer;6.brought;7.attempt;8.failure; 9.psychologist;10.thrill;11.bordered;12.awareness