Unit 4 Travellers' tales-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第三册（沪教版）

Unit 4 Travellers'tales 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： guideline track enthusiasm involve employ use;challenge escape angle inspire concept pension construct count specific design double struggle poet value anxious 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 guideline 释义：n.准则：指导方针 /gaidlain/ 词汇变形：无常见词性转换，但可作动词（较少用） 搭配：follow/obey the guidelines遵循准则；set/establish guidelines 制定指导方针；guidelines for doing sth.做某事的指导方针 辨析：guideline偏向建议性指导，ule为强制性规则 例句：The government has issued new guidelines for school safety. 政府发布了关于学校安全的新指导方针。 enthusiasm 释义：n.热情；热忱 /m'0ju:ziaezom/ 词汇变形：enthusiastic(adj.)热情的；enthusiast(.)热心者； enthusiastically(adv.)热情地 搭配：show enthusiasm for/about sth.对某事表现出热情：with enthusiasm热情地；enthusiasm for doing sth.做某事的热情 辨析：enthusiasm侧重外显的热情，passion更强烈、持久 例句：Her enthusiasm for learning English inspires everyone.. 她对学习英语的热情激励着每个人。 involve 释义：V.使参与：牵涉：包含 /m'volv/ 词汇变形：involved(adj.)参与的/复杂的：involvement(n)参 与牵连 搭配：involve sb.in sth.使某人参与某事：be involved in参与/ 涉及；involve doing sth.包含做某事 辨析：involve强调牵连、需要，include只是列出部分 例句：The project involves working with local communities. 这个项目需要与当地社区合作。 employ 释义：v.雇用：聘用：使用 Im'plol/ 词汇变形：employer()雇主；employee(n)雇员；employment(n) 就业；nemployment()失业 搭配：employ sb.as.雇用某人为…；employ sb.to do sth.雇用某 人做某事；be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事；employ a method 使用方法 辨析：employ较正式，hire更口语化，常指临时雇用 例句：The company employs over.500 workers 该公司雇佣了500多名工人。 challenge 释义：n.挑战：艰巨任务v.挑战 /'tfaelmd3/ 词汇变形：challenging(adj)有挑战性的；challenger()挑战者 搭配：face a challenge面临挑战；take up a challenge接受挑战： challenge sb.to do sth.挑战某人做某事；pose a challenge构成挑战 辨析：challenge强调挑战性与激励性，difficulty侧重困难 例句：Learning a new language is a big challenge for him. 学习一门新语言对他来说是一个大挑战 6 escape 释义：v.逃跑；逃离；避开n.逃跑：逃避 /I'skeip/ 词汇变形：escapee(m)逃亡者；escaped(adj)逃走的 搭配：escape from..从…逃跑；escape doing sth.逃避做某事； narrow escape九死一生；escape one's notice逃过注意 辨析：escape侧重逃脱，avoid侧重避免 例句：He narrowly escaped being hurt in the accident. 他差点在事故中受伤。 angle 释义：n.角度；（摄影的)视角；立场 /'aengl 词汇变形：无常见词性转换 搭配：at an angle倾斜；from a different angle从不同角度；view sth.from an angle从某角度看；consider sth.from all angles全面考 虑 辨析：angle指具体角度或观点，perspective更抽象 例句：The photographer tried to find the best angle. 摄影师试图找到最佳角度。 8 inspire 释义：v.激励：鼓舞：赋予灵感 /m'spara(r)/ 词汇变形：inspiration(n)灵感；鼓舞；inspired(adj,)受启发的； inspiring(adj)鼓舞人心的 搭配：inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事；be inspired by受…启 发；inspire confidence in sb.激发某人信心 辨析：inspire强调激发内在灵感，encourage侧重鼓励 例句：The teacher's words inspired us to work harder: 老师的话激励我们更加努力。 concept 释义：n.概念；观念 /'konsept/ 词汇变形：conceptual(adj)概念的：conceptualize(v.)概念化 搭配：the concept of…的概念：grasp a concept理解概念；abstract concept抽象概念 辨析：concept更正式、系统，idea更广泛 例句：Itis dif伍cult to grasp the concept of time 很难掌握时间的概念。 10 construct 释义：v.建造；修建；构思 /kan'strAkt/ 词汇变形：construction()建造/建筑物；constructive(adj)建设 性的；constructor(n)建造者 搭配：construct sth.fiom/out of用…建造；construct a theory构建 理论；be under construction在建设中 辨析：construct较正式，可用于抽象，buld更常用 例句：The bridge was constructed in2020. 这座桥建于2020年。 11 specific 释义：adj.明确的：具体的；特定的 /spa'sifik/ 词汇变形：specifically(adv)具体地；specify(v,)具体说明； specification(n.)规格 搭配：be specific about对…具体说明；specific purpose特定目 的：specific details具体细节 辨析：specific强调明确特定，concrete强调具体可感 例句：Can you be more specific about your plan? 你能更具体地说明你的计划吗？ 12 struggle 释义：V.斗争：对抗；努力n.斗争；挣扎 /'strAgl/ 词汇变形：struggling(adj)挣扎的；struggler(n)奋斗者 搭配：struggle to do sth.努力做某事；struggle with/against与…斗 争：struggle for为…奋斗；have a struggle挣扎 辨析：struggle强调艰难努力，fght更直接对抗 例句：He struggled to keep his balance on the icy road. 他挣扎着在结冰的路上保持平衡。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（每空一词，共12题） 1.The government has issued new (guideline)for environmental protection. 2.Her (enthusiastic)for volunteering impressed all of us 3.The project (involve)more than 100 volunteers 4.The company plans to employ more workers (improve)production efficiency. 5.It is a great (challenge)for a new teacher to manage a class of 40 students. 6.The prisoner managed to escape the prison last night 7.Try to look at the problem a different angle. 8.The speech _(inspire)many young people to pursue their dreams 9.It took him a long time to grasp the (concept)of gravity. 10.The new library (construct)last year is now open to the public 11.Can you give me some (specifically)examples? 12.He (struggle)to finish the work on time,but finally succeeded. 13.Many teenagers show great enthusiasm learning new skills 14.The teacher involved all students the class discussion 15.She was employed a secretary in a big company (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共8题） 1.政府为食品安全制定了新的指导方针。 1.The government has for food safety 2她对学习中文表现出极大的热情。 2.She great learning Chinese. 3这项任务需要你参与社区服务。 3.This task you community service. 4.那家公司雇用了许多大学生来做兼职。 4.That company many college students part-time jobs. 5.接受这个挑战意味着要付出更多努力。 5 this challenge means making more efforts. 6他幸运地逃脱了惩罚。 6.He was lucky to 7.从不同的角度看问题有助于找到解决办法。 7.Looking at the problem helps find a solution. 8这位老师的演讲激励我们永不放弃。 8.The teacher's speech us up 9你能更具体地说明你的计划吗？ 9.Can you your plan? 10.为了生计，他不得不与困难作斗争。 10.He had to difficulties to make a living. (三)短文填空 Last summer,our school organized a volunteer activity to help protect the local wetland.It was a great 1 (challenge)for us because we had to work in hot weather.However, everyone showed great 2 (enthusiastic)for the project.First,we received some 3 (guideline)from the environmental experts.They told us how to 4 (construct)bird nests and 5 (specific)methods to clean the water.One of the tasks 6 (involve)picking up plastic waste along the river.Some students 7_ (employ)simple tools to remove the rubbish from the water.I worked with a group of volunteers.We 8 (struggle)to carry heavy bags of garbage,but we never gave up We tried to 9 (escape)the heat by taking breaks under trees.The activity 10 (inspire)me to care more about nature.From this experience,I learned an important 11 (concept):every small effort counts.We must look at environmental problems 12 different angles.The teacher also 13 (involve)us in a discussion about how to protect the wetland in the long term.I felt proud to be part of this meaningful activity.I hope more people will join us and face the 14 (challenge) bravely.Only by working together can we make a 15 (specifically)difference. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.guidelines;2.enthusiasm;3.involves;4.to improve;5.challenge;6.from;7.from; 8.inspired;9.concept;10.constructed;11.specific;12.struggled;13.for/about;14.in; 15.as (二)单句表达 1.set new guidelines;2.shows;enthusiasm for;3.involves;in taking part in;4.employed; to do;5.Taking up/Accepting;6.escape punishment;7.from a different angle;8.inspired, never to give;9.be more specific about;10.struggle with/against (三)短文填空 1.challenge;2.enthusiasm;3.guidelines;4.construct;5.specific;6.involved; 7.employed;8.struggled;9.escape;10.inspired;11.concept;12.from;13.involved; 14.challenges;15.specific