Unit 4 Amazing plants and animals 单元测试 B卷2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦“奇妙动植物”主题，融合科普素材与语言技能考查，适配初中英语Unit 4复习，通过真实生物案例提升语言能力与跨学科思维。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力理解|20题/20分|章鱼心脏、猪笼草捕食等动植物特性|第三节图片排序考查信息匹配与逻辑思维| |阅读理解|20题/40分|大王花、永生水母、电报植物等生物特征与环保|D篇七选五考查语篇衔接，渗透植物智能认知| |完形填空|15题/15分|美西螈再生能力及生态保护|以科学案例培养细节理解与推理能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|生物多样性重要性与保护行动|结合环保主题，体现文化意识与社会责任感|

Unit 4 Amazing plants and animals B卷 (时间:120分钟　满分:120分) 第一部分　听力理解 (20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man say about the octopus? A. It has three hearts. B. It can change its color. C. It lives in deep sea. 2. What is the fastest fish in the ocean? A. The sailfish. B. The shark. C. The tuna. 3. How does the pitcher plant attract insects? A. With bright colors and sweet smell. B. With loud sounds. C. By moving its leaves. 4. What does the woman think of the cactus? A. It’s ugly. B. It’s amazing for surviving in deserts. C. It’s too dangerous to touch. 5. Why are coral reefs important? A. They are beautiful. B. They are home to many sea creatures. C. They produce oxygen. 第二节：听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. How many legs does a spider have? A. Six. B. Eight. C. Ten. 7. What does the man say about spiders? A. They are all dangerous. B. They help control insect populations. C. They live in water. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. What plant are they discussing? A. The lotus. B. The bamboo. C. The orchid. 9. What is special about this plant? A. It can grow in water. B. It blooms only at night. C. It is the fastest-growing plant. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What animal is the speaker describing? A. The chameleon. B. The lizard. C. The snake. 11. How does this animal catch its prey? A. By using its long tongue. B. By running fast. C. By changing color. 12. What is one of its defense mechanisms? A. Playing dead. B. Changing color to blend in. C. Making loud noises. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13. What is the woman’s main concern about the rainforest? A. It’s too hot. B. Many species are losing their habitat. C. It is difficult to travel through. 14. What percentage of Earth’s species live in rainforests? A. About 30%. B. Over 50%. C. About 70%. 15. What does the man suggest they do? A. Donate money to protect rainforests. B. Stop using paper. C. Plant more trees. 第三节：听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。 A. 鲸鲨游泳   B. 热带兰花盛开   C. 变色龙变色   D. 捕蝇草捕虫   E. 海豚跳跃 16. ______   17. ______   18. ______   19. ______   20. ______ 第二部分　阅读理解 (20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A The Rafflesia – The World’s Largest Flower Deep in the rainforests of Southeast Asia grows a strange and incredible plant called Rafflesia. It produces the largest single flower on Earth – up to one meter across and weighing as much as 10 kilograms. But this giant flower has no leaves, stems, or roots. It lives as a parasite inside a host vine. The Rafflesia flower is not only huge but also smells terrible. It gives off a smell like rotting meat. This smell attracts flies and beetles, which help pollinate the flower. The flower blooms for only about 5 to 7 days. After that, it wilts and dies. Because Rafflesia depends on a specific host vine, it is very sensitive to deforestation. When the host vines are cut down, Rafflesia cannot survive. Scientists estimate that some species of Rafflesia are critically endangered, with only a few hundred individuals left. Despite its unpleasant smell, Rafflesia is a wonder of nature. It shows how plants can evolve in extraordinary ways to survive. Researchers are working to protect its habitat and better understand its life cycle. 21. Where does the Rafflesia grow? A. In African deserts. B. In Southeast Asian rainforests. C. In North American grasslands. D. In European gardens. 22. How long does the Rafflesia flower last? A. 1 to 2 days. B. 3 to 4 days. C. 5 to 7 days. D. 10 to 14 days. 23. Why does the Rafflesia smell like rotting meat? A. To scare away animals. B. To attract insects for pollination. C. To protect itself from disease. D. To store water. 24. What makes Rafflesia endangered? A. It is eaten by animals. B. Its host vines are being destroyed. C. It cannot reproduce. D. The flowers are picked by people. 25. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Rafflesia is the smelliest flower. B. Rafflesia is a unique but threatened plant. C. Rafflesia has no leaves or roots. D. Rafflesia is only found in zoos. B The Immortal Jellyfish – A Creature That Cheats Death Imagine a creature that can live forever. It sounds like science fiction, but the Turritopsis dohrnii, also known as the “immortal jellyfish,” can actually reverse its life cycle. When it is injured, sick, or old, it can transform back into a young polyp – the earliest stage of its life. Then it can grow up again. This process can repeat indefinitely. How does it do this? The jellyfish has special cells that can change from one type to another, a process called transdifferentiation. This allows it to rebuild its body. Scientists are studying this ability to learn more about human aging and diseases like cancer. However, this jellyfish is not truly immortal in the wild. It can still be eaten by predators or killed by disease. Also, its ability to reverse aging has only been observed in the laboratory. Despite its name, the immortal jellyfish is tiny – only about 4.5 millimeters across. It is found in oceans all over the world, but it originally comes from the Caribbean Sea. This tiny creature reminds us that nature is full of surprises. 26. What is special about the immortal jellyfish? A. It can live in fresh water. B. It can reverse its life cycle. C. It glows in the dark. D. It has no brain. 27. What is transdifferentiation? A. The ability to change color. B. The process of cells changing from one type to another. C. The ability to regenerate lost parts. D. The process of growing larger. 28. How big is the immortal jellyfish? A. About 4.5 centimeters. B. About 4.5 millimeters. C. About 45 millimeters. D. About 45 centimeters. 29. Where did the immortal jellyfish originally come from? A. The Pacific Ocean. B. The Atlantic Ocean. C. The Caribbean Sea. D. The Mediterranean Sea. 30. What does the writer imply about the jellyfish’s immortality? A. It can never die. B. It can avoid death, but it’s not invincible. C. It only lives in laboratories. D. Its ability is not useful to humans. C ① Have you ever seen a plant that can move quickly? Most plants are slow growers, but the telegraph plant (or Semaphore plant) is different. Its small side leaflets can move up and down in a few seconds, almost like a telegraph machine sending signals. ② The telegraph plant is native to Asia. Its leaves move in response to changes in light, temperature, and even sound. Scientists think this movement helps the plant avoid too much sunlight or protect itself from wind. ③ Another amazing plant is the Mimosa pudica, which folds its leaves when touched. But the telegraph plant’s movement is different — it is rhythmic and can continue for hours. ④ The telegraph plant also has bright yellow flowers and is used as a natural medicine in some cultures. However, it is also considered a weed in many agricultural areas. ⑤ This plant reminds us that plants are not as passive as they seem. They have sophisticated ways to interact with their environment. 31. What makes the telegraph plant special? A. It can move its side leaflets quickly. B. It can grow very tall. C. It produces sweet fruit. D. It can eat insects. 32. What causes the telegraph plant to move? A. Touch. B. Light, temperature, and sound. C. Insect attacks. D. Water shortage. 33. Which plant is mentioned as another fast-moving plant? A. The Venus flytrap. B. The Mimosa pudica. C. The Rafflesia. D. The cactus. 34. What does the writer say about the telegraph plant’s use? A. It is used as medicine in some cultures. B. It is only used for decoration. C. It is a major food source. D. It is harmful to humans. 35. Which structure best shows the passage? A. ①—②③—④⑤ B. ①②—③—④⑤ C. ①—②—③④—⑤ D. ①②③—④—⑤ D Many people think of plants as simple organisms, but they are actually quite complex. They can sense their environment and respond to it. 36. ______ For example, plants can tell the difference between light from the sun and light from artificial sources. They use this ability to grow towards the sun, a process called phototropism. 37. ______ Plants can also communicate with other organisms. They release chemicals into the air to attract predators that eat their pests. 38. ______ Some plants even release chemicals that reduce their neighbors’ growth, a form of competition. Moreover, plants have memory. The Venus flytrap can remember if an insect has touched its hairs once or twice. 39. ______ This prevents it from closing on false alarms. These discoveries show that plants are far more active and intelligent than we once believed. 40. ______ 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. This helps them avoid wasting energy. B. They can also produce chemicals that warn other plants of danger. C. They have ways to detect and react to their surroundings. D. It’s time to appreciate the hidden world of plants. E. This is why they bend towards windows. 36. ______   37. ______   38. ______   39. ______   40. ______ 三、完形填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 The axolotl, also known as the Mexican walking fish, is one of the most 41. ______ creatures on Earth. Despite its name, it is not a fish but an amphibian. What makes it truly remarkable is its 42. ______ to regenerate almost any part of its body. If it loses a leg, it can grow a new one perfectly. It can even regenerate parts of its 43. ______ and spinal cord. Axolotls are native 44. ______ Mexico. They live in lakes and canals. They have feathery gills on the sides of their heads, which give them a 45. ______ look. They come in various colors, including black, white, and gold. Because of their amazing regenerative ability, scientists are 46. ______ studying axolotls. They hope to learn how to help humans regenerate lost limbs or repair 47. ______ tissues. However, axolotls are 48. ______ in the wild. Their natural habitat is shrinking due to pollution and urbanization. In captivity, axolotls are 49. ______ pets, but they require careful care. They need cool, clean water and a proper diet. Many people are 50. ______ by their ability to regrow body parts. The axolotl reminds us how much we still have to learn from nature. By studying these 51. ______ animals, we might unlock secrets to 52. ______ human health. It also highlights the 53. ______ of protecting biodiversity. We must ensure that these creatures do not disappear 54. ______ we fully understand them. So, next time you hear about the axolotl, 55. ______ its extraordinary gift and the lessons it offers. 41. A. dangerous   B. mysterious   C. unusual   D. ugly 42. A. ability   B. need   C. habit   D. appearance 43. A. skin   B. heart   C. brain   D. bones 44. A. in   B. to   C. from   D. with 45. A. common   B. strange   C. beautiful   D. familiar 46. A. still   B. never   C. always   D. actively 47. A. healthy   B. damaged   C. young   D. strong 48. A. protected   B. endangered   C. extinct   D. abundant 49. A. popular   B. unusual   C. dangerous   D. expensive 50. A. puzzled   B. frightened   C. fascinated   D. annoyed 51. A. ordinary   B. ancient   C. tiny   D. remarkable 52. A. improving   B. harming   C. destroying   D. ignoring 53. A. importance   B. difficulty   C. uncertainty   D. expense 54. A. until   B. before   C. after   D. since 55. A. forget   B. admire   C. question   D. criticize 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节：阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。  planet   depend   survive   adapt   extinct   threaten   diversity   balance   urgent   environment Our 56. ______ is home to millions of species of plants and animals. Each one plays a role in maintaining the ecological 57. ______. When one species disappears, it can affect many others. Sadly, human activities are causing many species to become 58. ______. Deforestation, pollution, and climate change are the main 59. ______. To 60. ______, animals must 61. ______ quickly, but many cannot keep up with the rapid changes. We 62. ______ on healthy ecosystems for food, water, and clean air. The loss of 63. ______ weakens these systems. It is 64. ______ that we take action now. We can protect natural habitats, reduce waste, and support conservation efforts. By protecting other species, we also protect our own future. We must recognize that every creature has a role in the web of life. Our 65. ______ is our shared home, and we must care for it. 56. ______   57. ______   58. ______   59. ______   60. ______ 61. ______   62. ______   63. ______   64. ______   65. ______ 第二节：阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 What is the largest animal in the world? It’s the blue whale. 66. ______ blue whale can grow up to 30 meters long and weigh over 200 tons. Even 67. ______ its huge size, it feeds on tiny shrimp-like creatures called krill. Blue whales are found 68. ______ all oceans except the Arctic. They are known 69. ______ their loud vocalizations, which can be heard for hundreds of miles underwater. Unfortunately, they were once hunted to near extinction. Today, they are protected, but their population 70. ______ still slow to recover. 66. ______   67. ______   68. ______   69. ______   70. ______ 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 Anna: Hi, Mike. I watched a documentary about plants last night. It was mind-blowing! Mike: 71. ____________________________? Tell me about it. Anna: It showed that plants can actually communicate with each other through their roots. Mike: 72. ____________________________? I thought plants were just passive. Anna: No, they are very active. They share nutrients and send warnings about pests. Mike: That’s fascinating. 73. ____________________________? Anna: They use a network of fungi. It’s often called the “wood wide web”. Mike: 74. ____________________________? I’d like to learn more. Anna: Sure! I can lend you the DVD. Or we can watch it together this weekend. Mike: That sounds great. 75. ____________________________? Anna: How about Saturday afternoon? I’m free then. 六、书面表达 (20分) 生物多样性对地球的健康至关重要。请你根据以下提示，以“Why Biodiversity Matters”为题，写一篇英文短文，阐述保护生物多样性的重要性。 提示： · 生物多样性指的是地球上的各种生命形式（动植物、微生物等）； · 生物多样性对人类的重要性（提供食物、药物、清洁空气和水等）； · 当前生物多样性面临的威胁（栖息地破坏、气候变化、污染）； · 我们每个人可以采取的行动（减少浪费、支持环保组织、教育他人）。 要求： · 包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥； · 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； · 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； · 词数：不少于100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Why Biodiversity Matters Biodiversity is the variety of all life forms on Earth, from tiny bacteria to giant whales. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 听力理解 第一节： 1-5 A A A B B 第二节： 6-7 B B   8-9 B C   10-12 A A B   13-15 B B A 第三节： 16. E   17. D   18. C   19. A   20. B 阅读理解 A篇： 21-25 B C B B B B篇： 26-30 B B B C B C篇： 31-35 A B B A A D篇（五选五）： 36. C   37. E   38. B   39. A   40. D 完形填空 41-45 C A B B B   46-50 D B B A C   51-55 D A A B B 语篇填空 第一节： 56. planet   57. balance   58. extinct   59. threats   60. survive   61. adapt   62. depend   63. diversity   64. urgent   65. environment 第二节： 66. The   67. with   68. in   69. for   70. is 补全对话 71. Really? / What was it about? (答案不唯一) 72. Are you serious? / Can plants really do that? (答案不唯一) 73. How do they communicate? (答案不唯一) 74. Can I borrow it? / Could you tell me more? (答案不唯一) 75. When shall we watch it? (答案不唯一) 书面表达 (略) 听力材料 第一节 Text 1 W: Did you know that an octopus has three hearts? M: Really? I thought it only had one. That’s amazing! Text 2 M: What is the fastest fish in the ocean? W: The sailfish, I believe. It can swim over 100 kilometers per hour. Text 3 W: How does the pitcher plant catch insects? M: It attracts them with bright colors and a sweet smell. Then they slip into the pitcher and get digested. Text 4 M: What do you think of cacti? W: They are incredible. They can survive in the desert with almost no water. That’s really amazing. Text 5 M: Why are coral reefs so important? W: They are home to about 25% of all marine species. They provide habitat and food for many fish. 第二节 Text 6 (6-7) W: How many legs does a spider have? M: Eight. And they are very helpful because they eat many insects that we consider pests. W: So they are useful, not scary? Text 7 (8-9) M: Have you ever seen a bamboo plant grow? W: Yes, it grows incredibly fast! Some species can grow over a meter in a single day. M: That’s why it’s considered the fastest-growing plant on Earth. Text 8 (10-12) The chameleon is a master of disguise. It can change its color to match its surroundings. This helps it hide from predators and also to communicate with other chameleons. Its tongue is very long and sticky. It shoots out its tongue to catch insects from a distance. Chameleons are found mainly in Madagascar and Africa. Text 9 (13-15) W: I’m worried about the rainforests. Many animals are losing their homes. M: Yes, over 50% of the world’s species live in rainforests. We need to protect them. W: What can we do? M: We can support organizations that work to preserve these areas. Every little bit helps. 第三节 Text 10 (排序) Today we visited an aquarium and a botanical garden. First, we saw dolphins jumping gracefully out of the water. (E) Then we watched a Venus flytrap catching a fly – it snapped shut in a split second. (D) Next, we observed a chameleon changing its color right before our eyes. (C) After that, we saw a huge whale shark swimming slowly in the tank. (A) Finally, we admired the beautiful tropical orchids in full bloom. (B) What a diverse day! 顺序：E → D → C → A → B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $