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译林版四年级上册Unit 5 Different toys, same fun
常考易错语法专项练习
语法一:have/has 主谓一致用法【核心必考、失分重灾区】
语法精讲
1. 核心含义:have/has 均表示“拥有”,是单元核心谓语动词,唯一区别由主语人称和单复数决定。
2. 固定用法规则:第一人称(I/We)、第二人称(you)、复数主语(they/students/toys等)后统一用have;第三人称单数(he/she/it/单个人名/单数物品)后统一用has。
3. 基础句型结构:肯定句:主语+have/has+物品/特征;否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t+have+物品(三单主语用doesn’t,其余用don’t);一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+have+物品?
4. 例句示范:I have a nice toy plane.(我有一架好看的玩具飞机);She has two big eyes.(她有一双大眼睛);They have many different toys.(他们有许多不同的玩具)。
易错警示
1. 主谓搭配错误:高频失分!单数主语误用have,复数主语误用has,错例:He have a toy car.(正确:He has...)。
2. 否定句拼写错误:三单主语否定误用don’t,或否定句中have变has,错例:She doesn’t has a doll.(正确:doesn’t have)。
3. 疑问句规则混淆:助动词Does开头的问句,后面动词未还原成have,是期末判断题、改错题高频考点。
专项练习一
一、用have/has 填空
1. I ______ a new toy bear.
2. My sister ______ long hair.
3. They ______ many different toys.
4. The robot ______ two big arms.
5. We ______ fun every day.
二、单项选择
( )1. My brother ______ a toy plane. It’s cool.
A. have B. has C. is
( )2.—Does your mother ______ a doll? —No, she doesn’t.
A. have B. has C. having
( )3. The two girls ______ some nice toys.
A. has B. have C. are
三、按要求完成句子
1. He has a big robot.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ a big robot.
2. I have a toy car.(改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ a toy car?
语法二:a lot of / a lot 用法辨析【易混难点、填空常考】
语法精讲
1.a lot of = lots of,意为“许多、大量”,后面必须接名词,可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,多用于句中修饰事物。
2.a lot 意为“非常、很多”,后面不接任何名词,多用于句末,修饰动词、形容词,表程度。
3.核心例句:We have a lot of toys.(我们有许多玩具,修饰名词toys);I like my toy bear a lot.(我非常喜欢我的玩具熊,修饰动词like)。
4.拓展:fun为不可数名词,可用a lot of fun表示“很多乐趣”,无复数形式,不可说many funs。
易错警示
1.搭配混用错误:a lot 后误加名词,错例:I have a lot toys.(正确:a lot of toys)。
2.句式位置混淆:句末表程度误用a lot of,错例:I like it a lot of.(正确:a lot)。
3.名词单复数误区:a lot of 修饰可数名词时,名词必须用复数,遗漏s为常见拼写错误。
专项练习二
一、用a lot of / a lot 填空
1. We have ______ nice toys at home.
2. She likes her toy plane ______.
3. There is ______ fun in playing toys.
4. They play with toys ______ after school.
二、判断句子正(T)误(F)
1. I have a lot of toy cars. ( )
2. He enjoys the game a lot of. ( )
3. There are lots of different toys here. ( )
三、改错(圈出错误并改正)
1. My sister likes dolls a lot of. (______改为______)
2. We have a lot fun every day. (______改为______)
语法三:形容词性&名词性物主代词【句型难点、情景必考】
语法精讲
1.形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their):后面必须接名词,用来修饰物品,表所属关系,不能单独使用。例:my toy(我的玩具)、her doll(她的娃娃)。
2.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs):独立使用,后面不接名词,等同于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,避免句子重复。例:This doll is hers. = This is her doll.
3.单元核心搭配:重点区分his和her的用法,his既是形容词性也是名词性物主代词,形式不变;her(形容词性)对应hers(名词性)。
易错警示
1.用法混淆:名词性物主代词后多余加名词,错例:This is mine toy.(正确:This toy is mine)。
2.拼写错误:hers、mine漏写字母s,与形容词性物主代词混用。
3.句式误用:回答物品归属问句时,误用my/your,未正确使用mine/yours。
专项练习三
一、用适当的物主代词填空
1. This is ______ (我) toy car. ______ (我的) is new.
2. That is ______ (她的) doll. It’s not ______ (我的).
3. Is this ______ (你的) robot? Yes, it’s ______ (我的).
4.______ (他的) toy plane is cool._____ (他的) can fly high.
二、单项选择
( )1. —Whose toy bear is this? —It’s ______.
A. my B. mine C. I
( )2. This is ______ classroom, and ______ is next to it.
A. our; theirs B. ours; their C. our; their
三、句型转换
1. This is her robot.(改为同义句)
This robot ______ ______.
语法四:this/these 单复数句型&same/different用法【基础易错】
语法精讲
1. 指示代词单复数:this(这个)搭配单数名词,句型This is...(这是……);these(这些)搭配复数名词,句型These are...(这些是……),对应be动词is/are单复数一致。
2. different 用法:意为“不同的”,后面必须接可数名词复数,例:different toys(不同的玩具),无a different+复数用法。
3. same 用法:意为“相同的”,前面必须加定冠词the,后接单数名词,例:the same fun(同样的乐趣)、the same toy(同一个玩具)。
易错警示
1. 单复数不匹配:this搭配复数名词、these搭配单数名词,be动词混用,错例:These is a toy. / This are toys.
2. same 遗漏定冠词:错例:We have same fun.(正确:the same fun)。
3. different 后接单数名词:错例:different toy(正确:different toys)。
专项练习四
一、用this/these/is/are 填空
1. ______ is my toy bear.
2. ______ are my new toys.
3. This ______ a cool robot.
4. These ______ different toy cars.
二、选词填空(same / different)
1.We have ______ toys, but we have ______ fun.(the same / different)
2.These two dolls are ______. They are not the same.
3.They like ______ game. It’s interesting.
三、连词成句
1. same, we, the, fun, have (.)
2. different, are, toys, these (.)
参考答案及详细解析
专项练习一 答案解析
一、用have/has 填空
1. have 解析:主语I后固定用have
2. has 解析:主语my sister为三单,用has
3. have 解析:主语they为复数,用have
4. has 解析:主语the robot为单数物品,三单用has
5. have 解析:主语we为复数,用have
二、单项选择
1. B 解析:主语my brother是三单,谓语用has
2. A 解析:助动词Does后必须接动词原形have
3. B 解析:主语the two girls是复数,用have
三、按要求完成句子
1.doesn’t have 解析:三单主语否定用doesn’t+动词原形have
2.Do; have 解析:主语I变问句用助动词Do,动词用原形
专项练习二 答案解析
一、用a lot of / a lot 填空
1. a lot of 解析:后接名词toys,用a lot of
2. a lot 解析:句末修饰动词like,无后续名词,用a lot
3. a lot of 解析:后接不可数名词fun,用a lot of
4. a lot 解析:句末修饰动词play,用a lot
二、判断句子正(T)误(F)
1. T 解析:a lot of修饰可数名词复数,用法正确
2. F 解析:句末表程度用a lot,删除of
3. T 解析:lots of=a lot of,修饰复数名词,用法正确
三、改错
1. a lot of 改为 a lot 解析:句末修饰动词,无需接名词,用a lot
2. a lot 改为 a lot of 解析:后接名词fun,需用a lot of修饰
专项练习三 答案解析
一、用适当的物主代词填空
1. my; Mine 解析:第一空修饰名词toy car,用形容词性my;第二空独立使用,用名词性Mine
2. her; mine 解析:第一空修饰名词doll,用her;第二空独立使用,指代my doll,用mine
3. your; mine 解析:第一空修饰名词robot,用your;第二空独立使用,用mine
4. His; His 解析:第一空修饰名词toy plane,形容词性His;第二空独立使用,名词性His(形式不变)
二、单项选择
1. B 解析:空格独立使用,指代toy bear,用名词性物主代词mine
2. A 解析:第一空修饰classroom用形容词性our;第二空独立使用用名词性theirs
三、句型转换
1. is hers 解析:同义句转换,her robot替换为名词性物主代词hers
专项练习四 答案解析
一、用this/these/is/are 填空
1. This 解析:搭配单数toy bear,用This
2. These 解析:搭配复数toys,用These
3. is 解析:this单数主语,be动词用is
4. are 解析:these复数主语,be动词用are
二、选词填空
1. different; the same 解析:句意:玩具不同,但乐趣相同,贴合单元主题
2. different 解析:后句not the same提示“不同的”,用different
3. the same 解析:same前必须加the,修饰单数game
三、连词成句
1. We have the same fun.
2. These are different toys.
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