Unit 4 Role Models词汇精讲精练-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册词汇精讲精练（北师大版）

Unit 4 Role Models 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： admire;selfless;wooden;publish;arrive;offer;shoot;fight;drop;tear;replace; stick,stick to;voluntary 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 admire 释义：V.钦佩；赞赏 /ad'maia/ 词形变化：admired(过去式/过去分词)；admiring(现在分词)； admiration (n.) 搭配拓展：admire sb for sth因某事钦佩某人 词根词缀：ad-(向)+mir(惊奇)→令人惊奇而钦佩 例句：I admire him for his courage. 我钦佩他的勇气。 2 selfless 释义：ad.无私的；不考虑自己的 /'selflas/ 词形变化：selflessly(adv.);selflessness(n.) 搭配拓展：selfless love/deed无私的爱/行为 词根词缀：self(自己)+less(没有)→没有自我的 例句：She is a selfless volunteer. 她是一位无私的志愿者。 3 wooden 释义：adj.木制的：木头做的 /'w5d3n/ 搭配拓展：wooden table/chair/box木桌/椅/箱 词根词缀：wood(木头)+-en(形容词后缀) 例句：The house has a wooden floor: 这房子有木地板。 publish 释义：V.出版：发表；刊登 /'pablif 词形变化：publishes(三单)；published(过去式/过去分词)； publishing(现在分词)；publisher(.出版商) 搭配拓展：publish a book/article出版一本书/发表一篇文章 词根词缀：pbl（公众)+-ish(动词后缀)→使公众知道 例句：The magazine publishes every month, 这本杂志每月出版。 arlive 释义：V.到达；抵达 /'rarv/ 词形变化：arrives(三单)；arrived(过去式/过去分词)；aniving (现在分词)；arrival(n.) 搭配拓展：arrive at(小地点)/arrive in(大地点)+地点 词根词缀：a-(加强)+iv(河岸)→到河岸 例句：When did you arrive at the airport? 你什么时候到达机场的？ 6 offer 释义：v.提供：主动提出 /'pfa(r)/ 词形变化：offers(三单)：offered(过去式/过去分词)：offering (现在分词)》 搭配拓展：offer to do sth主动做某事；offer sb sth给某人某物 词根词缀：of:(向前)+fer(带来)→向前带来 例句：He offered to help me carry the box. 他主动帮我搬箱子。 shoot 释义：v.射击：射中；开枪 fu:v 词形变化：shoots(三单)；shot(过去式/过去分词)；shooting (现在分词) 搭配拓展：shoot at sth朝…射击；shoot a gun开枪 例句：The hunter shot a deer:. 猎人射中了一头鹿。 8 fight 释义：v./n.打架；战斗；斗争 /fait/ 词形变化：fights(三单)；fought(过去式/过去分词)；fighting (现在分词)；fighter(n.战士) 搭配拓展：fight against/,with与…斗争：fight for为…而战 例句：They fought against the enemy bravely. 他们勇敢地与敌人战斗。 drop 释义：v.掉落；扔下；下降n.滴 /drop/ 词形变化：drops(三单)；dropped(过去式/过去分词)；dropping (现在分词) 搭配拓展：drop in顺便拜访；drop out辍学 例句：She dropped the cup and it broke. 她把杯子掉在地上摔碎了。 10 tear 释义：n.眼泪；泪珠v.撕碎；撕破 /tIa//tea/ 词形变化：tears(名复数)；tears(动三单)；tore(过去式)：tom (过去分词)；tearing(现在分词) 搭配拓展：in tears流泪：tear up撕毁；tear down拆除 例句：He wiped away his tears./She tore the letter into pieces, 他擦去了眼泪。/她把信撕成了碎片。 11 replace 释义：V.替换：更换；放回原处 hI'pleis/ 词形变化：replaces(仁单)；replaced(过去式/过去分词)： replacing(现在分词)；replacement(n.) 搭配拓展：replace A with B用B替换A 词根词缀：re-(再，又)+place(放置)→重新放置 例句：We replaced the old sofa with a new one. 我们用新沙发替换了旧的。 12 stick 释义：v.粘贴；卡住；坚持n.棍棒 /stik/ 词形变化：sticks(三单)；stuck(过去式/过去分词)；sticking(现 在分词) 搭配拓展：stick to坚持；stick out伸出 例句：The glue stuck my fingers together:. 胶水把我的手指粘在了一起。 13 stick to 释义：坚持：遵守：忠于 /stik tu:/ 词形变化：sticks to(三单)；stuck to(过去式/过去分词) 搭配拓展：stick to one's dream/plan坚持梦想/计划：stick to the les遵守规则 词根词缀：stick(v.)+to(介词)→粘住不放弃 例句：You must stick to your decision. 你必须坚持你的决定。 14 voluntary 释义：adj.自愿的；志愿的 /'vplantri/ 词形变化：voluntarily(adv);volunteer(.志愿者/v.自愿) 搭配拓展：voluntary work志愿工作；voluntary service志愿服务 词根词缀：volunt(意愿)+-ay(形容词后缀)→出于意愿的 例句：He joined a voluntary organization. 他加入了一个志愿组织： 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.We all (admire)the brave firefighter for his courage. 2.She helped the old man (selfless)without asking for anything. 3.The chair is made of wood,so it is a (wood)chair. 4.The newspaper (publish)the story yesterday. 5.They (arrive)at the village late last night. 6.He (offer)to teach the children English. 7.The soldier (shoot)at the target and hit it. 8.The two dogs (fight)over a bone a moment ago. 9.She (drop)her phone on the ground and it broke. 10.He (tear)the envelope open carefully 11.Please (place)the broken window with a new one. 12.The notice (stick)to the wall by the teacher. (二)短文填空 My cousin Tom is a great person.I 1. (admire)him very much.He is 2. (self)and always does 3. (voluntarily)work for the community.Last week,he 4. (offer)to help clean the park.He also 5. (fight)against the waste of water.He often says,"We should 6. (stick)to protecting the environment."His room has a 7. (wood)bookshelf.He 8. (publish)an article about green living in the school magazine.When I 9. (arrive)at his home,he was making a poster.He 10. (drop)his pen when I knocked.I told him I wanted to 11. (place)my old notebooks with new ones,and he said,"Don't 12. (tear)them; recycle them!" (三)短文选词填空 请从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每个单词限用一 次。 方框词汇：admire,.selfless,wooden,publish,arrive,offer,,shoot,fight,drop,tear,replace, stick,voluntary Last month,our school held a 1. activity to help the old people's home.I 2. to teach the elderly how to use smartphones.My friend Li Lei is a 3. boy.He 4. his old bicycle with a new one for Grandpa Wang.Everyone 5. his kindness.When we 6. at the home,we saw a 7. table in the yard.Suddenly,a boy 8. a ball and it hit a cup.The cup fell and broke into pieces. The boy started to 9. Li Lei didn't 10. him;instead,he helped clean up. Later,we 11. a photo to remember the day.The story of our visit was 12. in the local newspaper. (四)完成句子 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（每个空只填一个短语或单词，用 一条长横线) 1.我们应该钦佩那些无私地帮助别人的人。 We should those who help others selflessly. 2这张木桌上有一本新出版的书。 There is a new book on the wooden table. 3.他主动提出开车送我去机场。 He drive me to the airport. 4猎人射中了一只兔子。 The hunter a rabbit. 5.他们与困难作斗争，最终成功了。 They the difficulties and finally succeeded. 6她不小心把玻璃杯掉在了地上。 She the glass on the floor by accident. 7.她的眼里充满了激动的泪水。 Her eyes were full of excited 8.我们应该用可再生能源代替化石燃料。 We should fossil fuels with renewable energy. 9.你必须坚持自己的梦想，永不放弃。 You must your dream and never give up. 10.他在一家志愿组织做义工。 He works in a organization. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.admire;2.selflessly;3.wooden;4.published;5.arrived;6.offered;7.shot;8.fought; 9.dropped;10.tore;11.replace;12.stuck (二)短文填空 1.admire;2.selfless;3.voluntary;4.offered;5.fights;6.stick;7.wooden;8.published; 9.arrived;10.dropped;11.replace;12.tear (三)短文选词填空 1.voluntary;2.offered;3.selfless;4replaced;5.admired;6.arived;7.wooden; 8.shot;9.tear;10.fight;11.stick;12.published (四)完成句子 1.admire;2.published;3.offered to;4.shot;5.fought against;6.dropped;7.tears; 8replace;9.stick to;10.voluntary