Unit 1 Section B 分层作业-九年级英语上册【趣味课堂】精品备课（人教版2024）

**基本信息** 本练习为新人教版八下Unit 1 Section B同步分层作业，通过基础与拓展双层次设计，实现从词汇语法到语篇应用的渐进式知识巩固，适配新授课学情，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础训练|核心词汇（如determined, take place）、语法（现在完成时、used to）、基础阅读（细节理解）|词汇题结合单元主题语境，单项选择聚焦语法点辨析，阅读理解A/B篇贴近学生生活，培养信息提取能力| |拓展提升|语篇综合（完型填空）、读写结合（任务型阅读）、语言运用（语法填空）、书面表达|完型填空构建家乡变化叙事，任务型阅读融合信息补全与简答，书面表达要求描述家乡十年变迁，提升综合语言运用与逻辑表达能力|

新人教版九上Unit 1 The Changing World Section B 分层作业 英语 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．He was determined ________ (finish) the hard task by himself, so he refused others’ help. 2．________ (happy) is never about having a smooth life—it’s about seeing the bright side in the dark moments. 3．Zhang Heshan, a 69-year-old ________ (village) of Chengziyu in Qinhuangdao, is one of them. 4．Hu Lei’s clothes are often ________ (dirt), but his heart is full of kindness. 5．The environment ________ (become) much better than before. 6．Great changes ________ (take) place in Kenya in recent years. 7．My mother ________ (work) on a high-tech farm for five years. 8．People ________ (use) to walk or ride old bikes to go out. 9．他凭借多年的经验，轻而易举地解决了这个技术难题。 With years of experience, he solved this technical problem ________ ________. 10．因此，我们都应该学会珍惜时间，充分利用每一天。 ________ ________ ________, we should all learn to value time and make good use of every day. 11．在她的帮助下, 每个人都进步很快。 ________ ________ ________, everyone improved quickly. 12．我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。 I’m very ____________ ________ the new railway built by our Chinese friends. 13．In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new Mombasa-Nairobi railway opened? 14．Young people used to work in big cities. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ young people ________ to do? 15．The new railway makes transport easy. (同义句，用形式宾语it) The new railway makes ________ ________ for people to transport things. 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．We should work together ________ make the world better. A．to B．for C．of D．with （ ）2．Lots of young people return to their hometown ________ a better life. A．build B．building C．to build D．built （ ）3．—________ has your hometown changed? —It’s much more beautiful now. A．What B．How C．Why D．When （ ）4．There ________ no good hospitals or libraries in the past. A．are B．were C．have D．has （ ）5．My father ________ in the big city for ten years, but now he works at home. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．is working （ ）6．My hometown ________ a lot in the past 20 years. A．changed B．changes C．has changed D．will change （ ）7．The railway ________ with China’s help in 2017. A．opened B．opens C．was opened D．is opened （ ）8．The new railway makes ________ convenient for people to transport fruit. A．that B．it C．this D．its （ ）9．—The two companies finally agreed and finished their ________ successfully.                     —Great! It will bring benefits to both sides. A．public services B．outdoor activities C．business deals D．personal dreams （ ）10．He lives far away, so it’s hard for him to ________ with his family. A．keep touch B．keep in touch C．get touch D．get in touchs 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 change  miracle  secret  fresh  covered with   connected with   efforts Saihanba is a famous forest area in Chengde, Hebei Province. Many years ago, it was 1 sand and often suffered from terrible sandstorms. In 1962, a group of young people came here to 2 the environment. They lived a hard life and fought against cold and strong winds. Three generations of foresters kept planting trees without stopping. After over sixty years of 3 , a large man-made forest has appeared. Today, Saihanba is known as “the Green Lung of North China”. It protects the land from sandstorms and makes the air 4 . It is a great ecological 5 and teaches us the value of working hard. 4、 阅读理解 （A） Times change, and with them, so do the places we love. The day I heard that the Bright Bookstore was closing, I felt so sad. This bookstore opened in our neighborhood 50 years ago, serving as a great place where people could connect through their shared love of books. When I met Old Tim, the store’s owner, he told me it was difficult to run a traditional bookstore nowadays. Most young people liked reading e-books and more people bought books online. Childhood memories came back to me clearly. A group of us kids used to come to the store. We would look through the new books, or simply chat with Tim. We spent lots of hours reading there. Tim encouraged us to share our thoughts by writing them on a large board. A few months later, I was back and was surprised to see that the Bright Bookstore was still open for business. It was still old, but inside it was like a different world. In an area, a book reading was going on. Readers were sharing their ideas on a screen instead of the old board and some were reading books on computers. The store even had a coffee shop selling delicious food. Tim told me that the coffee shop now hosted many community events, including book readings, concerts, and movie nights. The bookstore was turned into a place where the book lovers got together and shared ideas and experiences. “Well, as you can see, technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I’m so glad to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here,” Tim said with a smile. No matter how times change, there are always people who love reading. With the development of technology, traditional bookstores should also change in a creative way. （ ）1．Which picture shows the old way for kids to share their thoughts at the bookstore? A． B． C． D． （ ）2．Tim kept the bookstore still open by ________. A．selling e-books B．changing its style C．moving to a new place D．adding a coffee shop （ ）3．We can infer from the passage that Old Tim ________. A．refuses new ideas B．dislikes young people C．is willing to change D．shares ideas on a screen （ ）4．What might happen to the Bright Bookstore in the future? A．It will bring the community closer together. B．The cost of running it will be lower. C．It will stop hosting community events. D．It will only serve coffee to readers. （ ）5．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．introduce the history of the Bright Bookstore B．complain about the difficulty of running a bookstore C．share his love for reading since his childhood D．show how an old bookstore stayed popular with technology （B） A study shows that India and China have made great contributions (贡献) to the increase of the world’s forest coverage. During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation (植被) in the world. That is as large as the Amazon rainforest. And a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China. Over the past 40 years, China has made great efforts to make the land green. In 1978, China began a national-level project called the “Green Great Wall”. With this project, China has succeeded in stopping the wind and the sand in the northern part by planting trees. For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia, which is near the Yellow River, is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing. But, thanks to the forest, about one-third of the Kubuqi Desert is covered with trees now and the sandstorms have become fewer and fewer. At present, China’s forest coverage rate (覆盖率) is over 25%. The total of the man-made forests in China has reached over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany. China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification (沙漠化), the United Nations Environment Program believes China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification. （ ）6．Which picture shows the correct proportion of the newly planted trees in India and China? A． B． C． D． （ ）7．What do we know about the Kubuqi Desert? A．It’s near the Yangtze River. B．It’s China’s seventh largest desert. C．It was the source of sandstorms in Inner Mongolia. D．Two thirds of the desert has been covered with trees. （ ）8．In Paragraph 3, how does the writer explain China’s forest coverage rate? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By using pictures. （ ）9．Why does the writer write this text? A．To ask other countries to learn from China. B．To call for more efforts to make Earth greener. C．To ask China to share experience with other countries. D．To show China’s success in dealing with desertification. （C） In recent years, India has suffered from more serious heat waves. From March to June every year, temperatures in many areas often rise above 43°C, and some places even hit nearly 50°C． Recently, 95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities lie in India, making it a main center of extreme (极端的) high temperature on Earth. ________ Geographically, India lies in tropical (热带) and subtropical (亚热带) zones. Before summer monsoons (季风) arrive, sunlight hits the land directly. The Himalayas in the north block cool northern winds, keeping hot air over the plains and forming a “heat dome” that stops heat from escaping easily . Besides, weak rainfall and the El Niño climate effect make the weather drier and hotter. Human activities make the problem worse: rapid urbanization (城市化) creates urban heat islands. More roads, tall buildings and fewer trees take in and store heat. Greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from factories and cars speed up global warming as well. Extreme heat brings serious troubles. It harms people’s health greatly. Outdoor workers, elderly people and kids easily get heatstroke or heat exhaustion (虚脱). High electricity use for cooling often causes power cuts, which worsens water shortages. Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests. Long dry weather also raises risks of droughts across farmlands . To fight heat waves, India has taken useful steps. Local governments send early heat warnings to the public and build cooling centers for people to rest. Workers are ordered to avoid working during the hottest noon hours. Tree-planting projects expand city green areas to lower local temperatures. In the long run, cutting carbon pollution and developing clean energy can slow global warming effectively. India’s repeated heat waves are a clear warning of climate change. Extreme weather is no longer distant news. If we protect forests, control pollution and live a low-carbon life together, we can cool our planet and build a safer living environment for all. （ ）10．What writing skill does the writer use in Paragraph 1? A．Telling stories. B．Giving examples. C．Listing numbers. D．Explaining reasons. （ ）11．Which of the following can be put in ________ in Paragraph 2? A．India has a long history of different climate types. B．The Himalayas have a great influence on India's extreme heat. C．There are natural and human reasons for this extreme heat. D．The weather in India changes all the time. （ ）12．Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （ ）13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Only outdoor workers will get heatstroke. B．Clean energy can make global warming worse. C．India stops all outdoor work every day. D．Extreme heat will lead to poor crop harvests. （ ）14．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To introduce different kinds of extreme weather on Earth. B．To call on people to protect the environment and fight climate change. C．To show how heat waves influence local farming and economy. D．To explain all the measures India has taken to prevent heat waves. 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 My hometown has changed greatly in many different 1 during the past twenty years. When I was a little child, I lived in a small 2 flat with my whole family. There 3 be no wide highways or modern railways around our village. The only road was a rough dirt track. If we wanted to go to the capital city to do business, we had to take old lorries. It used to 4 us almost one whole day to finish the trip. At that time, most villagers made money by growing corn and vegetables. They had no fast ways to 5 their products to big markets. Without good transport, their business developed very 6 . Many young people 7 the village to find jobs in big cities, because they couldn’t make enough money at home. Sandstorms also came every spring, and the farmland became smaller and smaller. Later, the local government took action. Workers 8 wide roads and a new railway in 2017. Lots of man-made forests and bushes were planted on sandy areas. Now the village is on the fast track of development. Villagers can send fruit and vegetables to cities 9 . All of them are happy with the great changes. They can stay at home to run their own small shops instead of going out to work. 10 , more families can lead a happy life. We often have warm discussions about the great miracle in our hometown. （ ）1．A．aspects B．kinds C．ways D．parts （ ）2．A．big B．small C．wide D．narrow （ ）3．A．use to B．used to C．is used to D．was used to （ ）4．A．spend B．cost C．take D．pay （ ）5．A．transport B．plant C．discuss D．lead （ ）6．A．slowly B．fast C．convenient D．easy （ ）7．A．left B．leave C．leaves D．leaving （ ）8．A．build B．built C．was built D．were built （ ）9．A．with ease B．in ease C．at ease D．on ease （ ）10．A．As a result B．At least C．At first D．For example 二、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 I come from a small town in China. 1 It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town center has a beautiful new square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利设施), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. 根据短文内容，回答问题。 On a warm spring day, Liu Song walked past the green wheat fields and through the flower fields before arriving at his office. There, he had a meeting with his team to discuss village matters. As a graduate of Zhejiang University, Liu used to work in several big companies. In September 2020, he became the manager of Yong’an Village in Hangzhou City. At the beginning, things were difficult for Liu and his team. The village was poor. Most people made a living only by growing rice. Having grown up in the countryside, Liu loved the land and the people there. And he knew very well that the village’s real advantage was its large farmland. He and his team tried to help the villagers put it to good use. They introduced new technology for farming. They improved public services. And in order to develop tourism, they held different cultural festivals every year. Now the villagers are living a better life. Many tourists love visiting the village because it has become more beautiful and convenient. The roads are wider and safer for driving. The river water is much cleaner now, making the environment more pleasant. There are also special restaurants where visitors can try delicious local food. Shen Yan, one of Liu’s team members, grew up in Yong’an Village. After working abroad as a company manager, she decided to return home to work. At first, her father didn’t agree. But he came to understand his daughter’s decision later. 6．When did Liu Song become the manager of Yong’an Village? (不超过5个词) 7．How did Liu Song’s team help to develop tourism? (不超过10个词) 8．What do you think made Shen Yan’s father change his mind? (不超过10个词) 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our world is changing fast. China is one of the 1 (develop) countries in the world. With the 2 (rapid) development of technology, people’s life is much better than before. Twenty years ago, most people lived in small and old houses. There was not enough food 3 (eat). Many families were even 4 (poor). The transport was inconvenient, so people could not go out 5 (easy). However, now great changes have happened. We have tall buildings, wide roads and convenient public 6 (transport). Now people have enough money 7 (satisfy) their daily needs. Medical conditions are much better, 8 people can live longer. We can not only enjoy a comfortable life now, 9 also keep learning to improve ourselves. 10 the help of our country, every person can make progress. We should cherish (珍惜) the good life and work harder 11 (make) our hometown more beautiful. I believe our world will become 12 (good) and our future will be 13 (bright) than before 14 we keep working hard. 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom想了解你家乡过去十年的变化。请根据以下提示，给他写一封回信，介绍你家乡的变化。提示词： 过去：老旧房屋、道路狭窄、沙地 现在：高楼大厦、宽阔道路、绿树成荫、高科技温室大棚、线上销售农产品 感受：…… 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语意连贯。 2. 必须包含所有提示内容，并可适当发挥。 3. 词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. You asked about the changes in my hometown. Let me tell you something about them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教版九上 Unit 1 The Changing World Section B 分层作业 英语（全解全析） 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．He was determined ________ (finish) the hard task by himself, so he refused others’ help. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他决心独自完成这项艰巨的任务，因此拒绝了他人的帮助。be determined to do sth“决定做某事”，故填to finish。 2．________ (happy) is never about having a smooth life—it’s about seeing the bright side in the dark moments. 【答案】Happiness 【详解】句意：幸福从来不是拥有一帆风顺的人生，而是在黑暗时刻看到光明的一面。根据句子结构可知此处作句子主语，需要用名词形式，happy对应的名词为happiness，符合语境及语法要求。 3．Zhang Heshan, a 69-year-old ________ (village) of Chengziyu in Qinhuangdao, is one of them. 【答案】villager 【详解】句意：秦皇岛城子屿69岁的村民张鹤山就是其中之一。根据空格前的“a 69-year-old”，可知此处需要填单数可数名词来指代张鹤山的身份；提示词village意为“村庄”，此处要表示“村民”，对应符合句意的名词是villager。 4．Hu Lei’s clothes are often ________ (dirt), but his heart is full of kindness. 【答案】dirty 【详解】句意：胡磊的衣服常常很脏，但他的内心充满善良。由“are often”可知，空处填形容词作表语。dirt的形容词是dirty“脏的”，故填dirty。 5．The environment ________ (become) much better than before. 【答案】has become 【详解】句意：环境已经变得比以前好很多了。句中“than before（比以前）”体现了“环境变好”这一动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；主语“The environment（环境）”是不可数名词，视为单数，助动词用“has”，“become”的过去分词是“become”。 6．Great changes ________ (take) place in Kenya in recent years. 【答案】have taken 【详解】句意：近年来肯尼亚发生了巨大的变化。句中“in recent years（近年来）”是现在完成时的标志，现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；主语“Great changes（巨大的变化）”是复数，所以用“have”，“take place”的过去分词是“taken place”，因此填“have taken”，符合现在完成时的语法规则与句子语境要求。 7．My mother ________ (work) on a high-tech farm for five years. 【答案】has worked 【详解】句意：我的妈妈已经在高科技农场工作五年了。句中“for five years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在；主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，现在完成时结构为“has+动词过去分词”，“work”的过去分词是“worked”，因此填写“has worked”。 8．People ________ (use) to walk or ride old bikes to go out. 【答案】used 【详解】句意：人们过去常常步行或者骑旧自行车出门。句中固定搭配used to do表示“过去常常做某事”，暗含现在不再如此，属于过去时态用法，use需变为过去式used。 9．他凭借多年的经验，轻而易举地解决了这个技术难题。 With years of experience, he solved this technical problem ________ ________. 【答案】with ease 【详解】原句中“轻而易举地”是关键词，表示“轻而易举地”的短语为with ease，在句中作状语修饰动词solved。 10．因此，我们都应该学会珍惜时间，充分利用每一天。 ________ ________ ________, we should all learn to value time and make good use of every day. 【答案】As a result 【详解】原句中“因此”是关键词，as a result“因此”。故填As；a；result。 11．在她的帮助下, 每个人都进步很快。 ________ ________ ________, everyone improved quickly. 【答案】With her help 【详解】原句中“在她的帮助下”是关键词，对应英语常用表达“With her help”。“在她的帮助下”为方式状语，置于句首修饰整个句子，her为形容词性物主代词，搭配介词with表示“在某人/某物的帮助/协助下”，后接抽象名词help表示“帮助”。其中“her help”为名词性短语作with的宾语。故填With；her；help。 12．我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。 I’m very ____________ ________ the new railway built by our Chinese friends. 【答案】 satisfied/happy with 【详解】句意：我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。根据句意以及固定短语搭配可知，表示“对……满意”应用be satisfied/happy with，符合语境及语法要求。 13．In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new Mombasa-Nairobi railway opened? 【答案】 When was 【详解】句意：2017年，全新的蒙巴萨——内罗毕480公里铁路正式通车。划线部分“In 2017”表示时间，对时间状语提问需使用特殊疑问词When。原句谓语动词为“was opened”，是一般过去时的被动语态。变为特殊疑问句时，结构为“疑问词+be动词+主语+过去分词”。主语“the new...railway”为单数，且时态为过去时，因此be动词选用was，并将其提至主语前。故填When；was。 14．Young people used to work in big cities. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ young people ________ to do? 【答案】 What did use 【详解】句意：年轻人过去常在大城市工作。原句划线部分“used to work”是过去习惯性动作，对动作内容提问要用疑问词What。本句为一般过去时，变特殊疑问句需借助助动词did，助动词后谓语动词还原，used变回原形use。故填What；did；use。 15．The new railway makes transport easy. (同义句，用形式宾语it) The new railway makes ________ ________ for people to transport things. 【答案】 it easy 【详解】句意：这条新铁路让运输变得便捷。改写同义句需要使用形式宾语it，固定结构为“make it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，其中it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的动词不定式，形容词easy作宾语补足语。 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．We should work together ________ make the world better. A．to B．for C．of D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该共同努力让世界变得更美好。    to到；for为了；of……的；with和/用。空格后“make”为动词原形，应用不定式to make作目的状语，表示“为了”让世界更好，应填to。 （ ）2．Lots of young people return to their hometown ________ a better life. A．build B．building C．to build D．built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多年轻人回到家乡是为了建设更好的生活。 根据语境可知，年轻人回家乡的目的是为了建设更好的生活，应用动词不定式作目的状语。 （ ）3．—________ has your hometown changed? —It’s much more beautiful now. A．What B．How C．Why D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的家乡变得怎么样了？——现在漂亮多了。 What什么；How怎样，如何；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据答语“It’s much more beautiful now.”可知，此处询问家乡变化的程度或状况，应用How提问。 （ ）4．There ________ no good hospitals or libraries in the past. A．are B．were C．have D．has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：过去没有好的医院或图书馆。    are是（一般现在时）；were是（一般过去时）；have有（动词原形）；has有（第三人称单数）。时间状语“in the past”表示过去，There be句型中be动词应用过去式；主语“no good hospitals or libraries”为复数，应填were。 （ ）5．My father ________ in the big city for ten years, but now he works at home. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．is working 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父亲在大城市工作了十年，但现在他在家工作。 根据后半句“but now he works at home”可知，父亲现在在家工作，说明在大城市工作是以前的经历，动作已经结束，不再持续到现在，所以用一般过去时。故选B。 （ ）6．My hometown ________ a lot in the past 20 years. A．changed B．changes C．has changed D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的家乡在过去20年里变化很大。 “in the past 20 years”是现在完成时的标志，需用has changed。 （ ）7．The railway ________ with China’s help in 2017. A．opened B．opens C．was opened D．is opened 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这条铁路于2017年在中国的援助下开通。 主语The railway与动词open之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，时间状语in 2017表示过去，需用一般过去时，应填was opened。 （ ）8．The new railway makes ________ convenient for people to transport fruit. A．that B．it C．this D．its 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条新铁路使人们运输水果变得方便。 that那；it它；this这；its它的。固定句型“make it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”意思是“让某人做某事变得……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，故填it。 （ ）9．—The two companies finally agreed and finished their ________ successfully.                     —Great! It will bring benefits to both sides. A．public services B．outdoor activities C．business deals D．personal dreams 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这两家公司最终达成一致，顺利完成了他们的商业交易。 ——太棒了！这将会给双方都带来利益。 public services公共服务；outdoor activities户外活动；business deals商业交易；personal dreams个人梦想。根据句中“The two companies（两家公司）”以及“bring benefits to both sides（给双方带来利益）”可判断此处描述的是公司间的商业往来。 （ ）10．He lives far away, so it’s hard for him to ________ with his family. A．keep touch B．keep in touch C．get touch D．get in touchs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他住得很远，所以对他来说很难与家人保持联系。 keep touch缺少介词in，搭配错误；keep in touch保持联系；get touch缺少介词 in，搭配错误；get in touchs搭配错误，touch为不可数名词。根据句意可知，句子要表达“保持联系”，“keep in touch with”意为“与……保持联系”，是一个固定搭配。 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 change  miracle  secret  fresh  covered with   connected with   efforts Saihanba is a famous forest area in Chengde, Hebei Province. Many years ago, it was 1 sand and often suffered from terrible sandstorms. In 1962, a group of young people came here to 2 the environment. They lived a hard life and fought against cold and strong winds. Three generations of foresters kept planting trees without stopping. After over sixty years of 3 , a large man-made forest has appeared. Today, Saihanba is known as “the Green Lung of North China”. It protects the land from sandstorms and makes the air 4 . It is a great ecological 5 and teaches us the value of working hard. 【答案】1．covered with 2．change 3．efforts 4．fresh 5．miracle 【导语】本文介绍了塞罕坝从荒漠到林海的蜕变历程，讲述了三代造林人艰苦奋斗、持续植树造林的感人事迹，强调了生态奇迹背后坚持不懈的精神价值。 【详解】1．句意：许多年前，这里覆盖着沙土，经常遭受严重的沙尘暴。此处表示地面被沙土“覆盖”，结构为be covered with“覆盖着……”。所给单词中有“covered with”，符合语境，说明塞罕坝原本是一片沙地。 2．句意：1962年，一群年轻人来到这里改变环境。此处表示年轻人来到塞罕坝的目的是“改变”恶劣的生态环境。所给单词中有“change”，动词，符合语境，后接“the environment”作宾语，空格前有动词不定式符号to，故填动词原形change。 3．句意：经过六十多年的努力，一片巨大的人工林出现了。空前有“over sixty years of”，提示此处应填入名词，表示“努力；付出”。所给单词中有efforts“努力”，为名词复数形式，符合years of efforts“多年的努力”这一固定搭配。 4．句意：它保护土地免受沙尘暴侵袭，并使空气变得清新。此处表示塞罕坝让空气变得“清新；新鲜”。所给单词中有fresh“新鲜的”，形容词，符合语境，此处可作make the air的宾语补足语。 5．句意：这是一个伟大的生态奇迹，并教会我们努力工作的价值。空前有“a great ecological”，提示此处应填入名词单数，表示“奇迹”。所给单词中有miracle“奇迹”，符合“生态奇迹”的语境，与后文“teaches us the value of working hard”形成呼应，因为句中有“a”，所以直接填单数形式miracle。 4、 阅读理解 （A） Times change, and with them, so do the places we love. The day I heard that the Bright Bookstore was closing, I felt so sad. This bookstore opened in our neighborhood 50 years ago, serving as a great place where people could connect through their shared love of books. When I met Old Tim, the store’s owner, he told me it was difficult to run a traditional bookstore nowadays. Most young people liked reading e-books and more people bought books online. Childhood memories came back to me clearly. A group of us kids used to come to the store. We would look through the new books, or simply chat with Tim. We spent lots of hours reading there. Tim encouraged us to share our thoughts by writing them on a large board. A few months later, I was back and was surprised to see that the Bright Bookstore was still open for business. It was still old, but inside it was like a different world. In an area, a book reading was going on. Readers were sharing their ideas on a screen instead of the old board and some were reading books on computers. The store even had a coffee shop selling delicious food. Tim told me that the coffee shop now hosted many community events, including book readings, concerts, and movie nights. The bookstore was turned into a place where the book lovers got together and shared ideas and experiences. “Well, as you can see, technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I’m so glad to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here,” Tim said with a smile. No matter how times change, there are always people who love reading. With the development of technology, traditional bookstores should also change in a creative way. （ ）1．Which picture shows the old way for kids to share their thoughts at the bookstore? A． B． C． D． （ ）2．Tim kept the bookstore still open by ________. A．selling e-books B．changing its style C．moving to a new place D．adding a coffee shop （ ）3．We can infer from the passage that Old Tim ________. A．refuses new ideas B．dislikes young people C．is willing to change D．shares ideas on a screen （ ）4．What might happen to the Bright Bookstore in the future? A．It will bring the community closer together. B．The cost of running it will be lower. C．It will stop hosting community events. D．It will only serve coffee to readers. （ ）5．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．introduce the history of the Bright Bookstore B．complain about the difficulty of running a bookstore C．share his love for reading since his childhood D．show how an old bookstore stayed popular with technology 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述老牌光明书店因电子阅读、线上购书面临倒闭危机，店主Tim借助科技与创意改造书店，融合咖啡、线上分享、社区活动，让传统书店重新焕发活力，点明传统书店需要创新变革才能跟上时代。 【详解】 1．根据第三段最后一句“Tim encouraged us to share our thoughts by writing them on a large board.”可知，过去孩子们在书店分享想法的方式是在大木板上书写，对应画有写字板的图片D。 2．根据第四段、第五段“it was like a different world...technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century”可知，Tim通过改变书店经营模式、创新经营风格保住了书店。 3．根据全文Tim主动引入屏幕、电脑、咖啡店、社区活动，接纳新技术与新形式可知，Tim愿意做出改变。 4．根据第四段最后一句“The bookstore was turned into a place where the book lovers got together and shared ideas and experiences.”以及咖啡店举办读书会、音乐会、观影等社区活动可知，书店未来会拉近社区居民的距离。 5． 全文围绕老旧书店借助科技创新经营、持续受欢迎的完整故事展开，作者写作目的是展示旧书店如何依靠科技保持人气。 （B） A study shows that India and China have made great contributions (贡献) to the increase of the world’s forest coverage. During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation (植被) in the world. That is as large as the Amazon rainforest. And a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China. Over the past 40 years, China has made great efforts to make the land green. In 1978, China began a national-level project called the “Green Great Wall”. With this project, China has succeeded in stopping the wind and the sand in the northern part by planting trees. For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia, which is near the Yellow River, is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing. But, thanks to the forest, about one-third of the Kubuqi Desert is covered with trees now and the sandstorms have become fewer and fewer. At present, China’s forest coverage rate (覆盖率) is over 25%. The total of the man-made forests in China has reached over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany. China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification (沙漠化), the United Nations Environment Program believes China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification. （ ）6．Which picture shows the correct proportion of the newly planted trees in India and China? A． B． C． D． （ ）7．What do we know about the Kubuqi Desert? A．It’s near the Yangtze River. B．It’s China’s seventh largest desert. C．It was the source of sandstorms in Inner Mongolia. D．Two thirds of the desert has been covered with trees. （ ）8．In Paragraph 3, how does the writer explain China’s forest coverage rate? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By using pictures. （ ）9．Why does the writer write this text? A．To ask other countries to learn from China. B．To call for more efforts to make Earth greener. C．To ask China to share experience with other countries. D．To show China’s success in dealing with desertification. 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 【导语】本文通过具体数据和实例，介绍了中国在植树造林和治理荒漠化方面取得的巨大成就，展示了中国对世界绿化的重要贡献。 【详解】6．根据第一段“During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation in the world…a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China.”可知，中印两国种植的树木占世界新植被的三分之一，其中中国贡献了世界总量的四分之一。选项B的图片比例与此数据相符。 7．根据第二段“For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia…is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing.”可知，它是中国第七大沙漠。 8．根据第三段“At present, China’s forest coverage rate is over 25%…over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany.”可知，该段使用了25%以上、13亿亩以上、两倍以上多个数字，通过列举数据来说明。 9．根据全文内容及最后一段“China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification…China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification.”可知，全文从数据到具体事例再到国际认可，核心在于展示中国在治理荒漠化和增加森林覆盖率方面的成功。 （C） In recent years, India has suffered from more serious heat waves. From March to June every year, temperatures in many areas often rise above 43°C, and some places even hit nearly 50°C． Recently, 95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities lie in India, making it a main center of extreme (极端的) high temperature on Earth. ________ Geographically, India lies in tropical (热带) and subtropical (亚热带) zones. Before summer monsoons (季风) arrive, sunlight hits the land directly. The Himalayas in the north block cool northern winds, keeping hot air over the plains and forming a “heat dome” that stops heat from escaping easily . Besides, weak rainfall and the El Niño climate effect make the weather drier and hotter. Human activities make the problem worse: rapid urbanization (城市化) creates urban heat islands. More roads, tall buildings and fewer trees take in and store heat. Greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from factories and cars speed up global warming as well. Extreme heat brings serious troubles. It harms people’s health greatly. Outdoor workers, elderly people and kids easily get heatstroke or heat exhaustion (虚脱). High electricity use for cooling often causes power cuts, which worsens water shortages. Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests. Long dry weather also raises risks of droughts across farmlands . To fight heat waves, India has taken useful steps. Local governments send early heat warnings to the public and build cooling centers for people to rest. Workers are ordered to avoid working during the hottest noon hours. Tree-planting projects expand city green areas to lower local temperatures. In the long run, cutting carbon pollution and developing clean energy can slow global warming effectively. India’s repeated heat waves are a clear warning of climate change. Extreme weather is no longer distant news. If we protect forests, control pollution and live a low-carbon life together, we can cool our planet and build a safer living environment for all. （ ）10．What writing skill does the writer use in Paragraph 1? A．Telling stories. B．Giving examples. C．Listing numbers. D．Explaining reasons. （ ）11．Which of the following can be put in ________ in Paragraph 2? A．India has a long history of different climate types. B．The Himalayas have a great influence on India's extreme heat. C．There are natural and human reasons for this extreme heat. D．The weather in India changes all the time. （ ）12．Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （ ）13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Only outdoor workers will get heatstroke. B．Clean energy can make global warming worse. C．India stops all outdoor work every day. D．Extreme heat will lead to poor crop harvests. （ ）14．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To introduce different kinds of extreme weather on Earth. B．To call on people to protect the environment and fight climate change. C．To show how heat waves influence local farming and economy. D．To explain all the measures India has taken to prevent heat waves. 【答案】10．C 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述印度近年频发极端热浪，介绍了印度高温频发的自然与人为成因、热浪带来的多重危害、印度应对热浪的各类举措，并点明热浪是气候变化的警示，呼吁人们保护环境、低碳生活。 【详解】10．第一段出现above 43℃ 、 nearly 50℃ 、 95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities多处数据，作者使用列数字（List numbers）的写作手法。A讲故事、B举例子、D阐释原因均不符合本段写法。 11．第二段后半部分先讲地理位置、喜马拉雅山、降水、厄尔尼诺等自然因素，再讲城市化、温室气体排放等人为因素，总起句需要总领两类原因。C选项“这种极端高温存在自然与人为两方面原因”总领全段；A印度气候类型历史、B只讲喜马拉雅山片面、D天气多变，都无法概括整段内容。 12．第一段：引出印度高温热浪现象（总起）；第二段：分析高温产生的原因；第三段：极端高温带来的各类危害；第四段：印度应对热浪采取的措施；第五段：总结，警示气候变化、呼吁环保。结构：①总，②③④分述，⑤总结，对应结构A。 13．原文第三段明确提到“Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests”，和D选项表述一致。 A错误：原文是户外工作者、老人、孩子都易中暑，不是只有户外工作者； B错误：原文长远措施里清洁能源可以减缓全球变暖，而非加剧； C错误：原文只是要求正午最热时段停工，不是全天停止所有户外工作。 14．文章结尾段点明主旨：印度反复热浪是气候变化的警示，呼吁人类共同保护森林、减少污染、低碳生活，以此降温地球、打造安全生存环境，写作目的是号召人们保护环境、应对气候变化，对应B。 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 My hometown has changed greatly in many different 1 during the past twenty years. When I was a little child, I lived in a small 2 flat with my whole family. There 3 be no wide highways or modern railways around our village. The only road was a rough dirt track. If we wanted to go to the capital city to do business, we had to take old lorries. It used to 4 us almost one whole day to finish the trip. At that time, most villagers made money by growing corn and vegetables. They had no fast ways to 5 their products to big markets. Without good transport, their business developed very 6 . Many young people 7 the village to find jobs in big cities, because they couldn’t make enough money at home. Sandstorms also came every spring, and the farmland became smaller and smaller. Later, the local government took action. Workers 8 wide roads and a new railway in 2017. Lots of man-made forests and bushes were planted on sandy areas. Now the village is on the fast track of development. Villagers can send fruit and vegetables to cities 9 . All of them are happy with the great changes. They can stay at home to run their own small shops instead of going out to work. 10 , more families can lead a happy life. We often have warm discussions about the great miracle in our hometown. （ ）1．A．aspects B．kinds C．ways D．parts （ ）2．A．big B．small C．wide D．narrow （ ）3．A．use to B．used to C．is used to D．was used to （ ）4．A．spend B．cost C．take D．pay （ ）5．A．transport B．plant C．discuss D．lead （ ）6．A．slowly B．fast C．convenient D．easy （ ）7．A．left B．leave C．leaves D．leaving （ ）8．A．build B．built C．was built D．were built （ ）9．A．with ease B．in ease C．at ease D．on ease （ ）10．A．As a result B．At least C．At first D．For example 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3. B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者家乡二十年来的巨大变化，包括交通、经济和生活条件的改善，反映了农村发展的奇迹。 【详解】1．句意：我的家乡在过去二十年里在许多不同方面发生了巨大变化。 根据下文提到了住房、交通、经济等不同领域，可知是指变化的“方面”，应用aspects。kinds“种类”、ways“方式”、parts“部分”均不符。 2．句意：我小的时候，和全家人住在一套狭小狭窄的公寓里。 文中已有“small”，为避免语义重复且强调过去居住条件艰苦，应用narrow“狭窄的”更符合语境。wide“宽的”多用于形容道路等的宽度，不适合描述公寓。 3．句意：过去我们村周围没有宽阔的高速公路或现代铁路。 there used to be是固定句式，表示“过去曾经有”，用来描述村子以往没有完善交通的旧貌。use to形式错误。is used to“习惯于”、was used to“习惯于”不符合语境。 4．句意：完成旅程过去常常花费我们整整一天时间。 根据句型“It takes sb some time to do sth.”意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，应用take。spend“花费”（主语为人）、cost“花费”（主语为物）、pay“支付”都不符合搭配。 5．句意：他们没有快速的方法将产品运输到大市场。 后文提到交通不便阻碍生意发展，这里需要表达把农作物运往市场的动作，transport“运输”符合物流运输的语境。plant“种植”、discuss“讨论”、lead“带领”语义和农产品外销场景不匹配。 6. 句意：没有好的交通，他们的生意发展得非常缓慢。 交通条件差会制约生意发展，发展速度会变慢，应用slowly。fast“快地”语义相反，convenient“方便的”、easy“容易的”是形容词，不能用来修饰动词developed。 7．句意：很多年轻人离开村子，去大城市找工作，因为在家赚不到足够的钱。 全文讲述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词用过去式left。  leave离开（原形）、leaves离开（三单形式）、leaving离开（现在分词）时态不符。 8．句意：工人们在2017年修建了宽阔的道路和一条新铁路。 句子主语为“Workers”，是“修建”这个动作的发出者，要用主动语态；时间“in 2017”为过去时间，谓语应用过去式built。was built和were built为被动语态，主语是人不需要被动；原形build无法适配过去时态。 9．句意：村民可以轻松地将果蔬送到城市。 根据“Now the village is on the fast track”，可知运输变得“容易”，with ease意为轻松地，符合语境。 at ease“安逸自在”侧重人的身心放松；in ease和on ease搭配错误。 10. 句意：结果，更多的家庭能过上幸福的生活。 前文提到村民在家开店，后文提到过上幸福生活，前后是因果关系，应用As a result“结果”。At least“至少”、At first“起初”、For example“例如”逻辑不符。 二、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 I come from a small town in China. 1 It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town center has a beautiful new square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利设施), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文围绕作者家乡过去与如今的巨大变化展开，对比讲述家乡道路、建筑、就业、公共服务、环境等方面的发展，抒发对家乡变化的自豪与守护家乡的期许。 【详解】 1．空后句子“It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses.”是在回忆家乡旧时样貌，选项E “I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child.”总起下文对家乡过去的描述，衔接通顺。 2. 本段核心讲家乡道路、楼房、工业区等基建变化，前文点明家乡大变样，空后介绍道路两侧路灯，选项D“Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets.” 承接上文“changed a lot”，先讲道路的改变，和后文街道路灯内容呼应。 3．空后整段介绍现代化医院、智能教室、休闲广场，均属于公共服务设施，选项B“What has improved most is public services.”为本段总起句，总领后文各类便民公共设施的描写。 4．前文提到“A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up.”，按照逻辑，河流清理后会出现积极结果。选项A“Now people can see fish there again.​ ”是河流被清理后的合理结果，与前文“cleaned up”形成因果关联。 5．前文阐述家乡在多方面的变化，后文“And I believe it will develop in an even better way.”表达对未来的信心，因此空处需体现对家乡变化的情感态度。选项C“I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown.”​ 既承接前文家乡的变化，又能自然过渡到后文对未来发展的信心，符合情感与逻辑的连贯性。 根据短文内容，回答问题。 On a warm spring day, Liu Song walked past the green wheat fields and through the flower fields before arriving at his office. There, he had a meeting with his team to discuss village matters. As a graduate of Zhejiang University, Liu used to work in several big companies. In September 2020, he became the manager of Yong’an Village in Hangzhou City. At the beginning, things were difficult for Liu and his team. The village was poor. Most people made a living only by growing rice. Having grown up in the countryside, Liu loved the land and the people there. And he knew very well that the village’s real advantage was its large farmland. He and his team tried to help the villagers put it to good use. They introduced new technology for farming. They improved public services. And in order to develop tourism, they held different cultural festivals every year. Now the villagers are living a better life. Many tourists love visiting the village because it has become more beautiful and convenient. The roads are wider and safer for driving. The river water is much cleaner now, making the environment more pleasant. There are also special restaurants where visitors can try delicious local food. Shen Yan, one of Liu’s team members, grew up in Yong’an Village. After working abroad as a company manager, she decided to return home to work. At first, her father didn’t agree. But he came to understand his daughter’s decision later. 6．When did Liu Song become the manager of Yong’an Village? (不超过5个词) 7．How did Liu Song’s team help to develop tourism? (不超过10个词) 8．What do you think made Shen Yan’s father change his mind? (不超过10个词) 【答案】6．In September 2020. 7．By holding different cultural festivals every year. 8．The great changes of the village./The bright future of the village. (答案不唯一) 【导语】本文讲述了刘松从大公司辞职后回到乡村担任永安村经理的故事。他带领团队利用当地农田优势，引入新技术、改善公共服务、发展旅游业，使村庄变得更加美丽富饶，并吸引了如沈燕这样的人才回流。 【详解】6．第二段第二句明确说明刘松成为永安村经理的时间：“In September 2020, he became the manager of Yong’an Village...” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 7． 第三段最后一句明确说明刘松团队发展旅游业的方式：“And in order to develop tourism, they held different cultural festivals every year.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 8．本题为开放性试题，需推断沈燕父亲改变主意的原因。结合上下文，沈燕在海外工作后决定回乡，父亲起初不同意但后来理解了她的决定。可围绕村庄的巨大变化、发展前景、女儿的价值实现等角度展开，言之有理且不超过10个词即可。 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our world is changing fast. China is one of the 1 (develop) countries in the world. With the 2 (rapid) development of technology, people’s life is much better than before. Twenty years ago, most people lived in small and old houses. There was not enough food 3 (eat). Many families were even 4 (poor). The transport was inconvenient, so people could not go out 5 (easy). However, now great changes have happened. We have tall buildings, wide roads and convenient public 6 (transport). Now people have enough money 7 (satisfy) their daily needs. Medical conditions are much better, 8 people can live longer. We can not only enjoy a comfortable life now, 9 also keep learning to improve ourselves. 10 the help of our country, every person can make progress. We should cherish (珍惜) the good life and work harder 11 (make) our hometown more beautiful. I believe our world will become 12 (good) and our future will be 13 (bright) than before 14 we keep working hard. 【答案】1．developing 2．rapid 3．to eat 4．poorer 5．easily 6．transportation 7．to satisfy 8．so 9．but 10．With 11．to make 12．better 13．brighter 14．if 【导语】本文主要介绍了近年来中国在科技发展下发生的翻天覆地的变化，人们的生活水平、医疗条件等都得到了大幅提升，作者呼吁人们珍惜当下的美好生活，继续奋斗让家乡和世界变得更加美好。 【详解】1．句意：中国是世界上的发展中国家之一。设空处修饰名词countries，需要用形容词，develop为动词，其形容词形式developing意为“发展中的”，符合中国实际国情。 2．句意：随着科技的快速发展，人们的生活比以前好得多。设空处修饰名词development，需要用形容词，rapid本身就是形容词，符合此处用法和语义。 3．句意：没有足够的食物可以吃。enough修饰名词，后面常接不定式作后置定语说明名词用途，此处修饰food，用eat的不定式形式。 4．句意：许多家庭甚至更加贫穷。此处将二十年前的家庭情况和现在对比，even常用来修饰形容词比较级，poor的比较级为poorer，符合语境。 5．句意：过去交通不便，因此人们不能轻松出行。设空处修饰动词短语“go out”，需要用副词，easy是形容词，对应副词形式为easily。 6．句意：我们有高楼大厦、宽阔的道路和便利的公共交通。public transportation是固定搭配，意为“公共交通”。 7．句意：现在人们有足够的钱满足日常需求。enough修饰名词money，后面用不定式作后置定语来说明钱的用途，因此用satisfy的不定式形式。 8．句意：医疗条件好了很多，因此人们可以活得更久。前一句“医疗条件改善”是后一句“人们寿命更长”的原因，需要填因果连词so。 9．句意：我们现在不仅可以享受舒适的生活，还可以坚持学习来提升自我。not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”。 10．句意：在我们国家的帮助下，每个人都可以取得进步。with the help of是固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”，句首单词的首字母需要大写。 11．句意：我们应该珍惜美好生活，更加努力工作来让家乡变得更美丽。努力工作的目的是让家乡更美丽，不定式作目的状语，因此用make的不定式形式。 12．句意：我相信我们的世界会变得更好。此处暗含和过去的世界状况对比，因此用good的比较级better，符合语境。 13．句意：我相信如果我们继续努力，我们的世界会变得更好，我们的未来会比以前更加光明。句中出现than，是比较级的标志，因此用bright的比较级brighter。 14．句意：我相信如果我们继续努力，我们的世界会变得更好，我们的未来会比以前更加光明。此处引导条件状语从句，“坚持努力”是“未来更光明”的前提条件，用if符合逻辑。 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom想了解你家乡过去十年的变化。请根据以下提示，给他写一封回信，介绍你家乡的变化。提示词： 过去：老旧房屋、道路狭窄、沙地 现在：高楼大厦、宽阔道路、绿树成荫、高科技温室大棚、线上销售农产品 感受：…… 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语意连贯。 2. 必须包含所有提示内容，并可适当发挥。 3. 词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. You asked about the changes in my hometown. Let me tell you something about them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. You asked about the changes in my hometown. Let me tell you something about them. In the past, my hometown was very poor. People lived in old, small houses and walked on narrow, dirty roads. There was also a lot of dry, sandy land. However, great changes have taken place here. Now, we can see many tall buildings and wide roads. The sandy land has been covered with green trees. What’s more, farmers have built high-tech greenhouses and they can sell agricultural products online to make a better living. I am very proud of these changes and I believe my hometown will be even better in the future. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，描述过去用一般过去时，描述现在用一般现在时 明确要点：过去家乡的情况、现在家乡的变化、个人的自豪感受与展望 确定人称：第一人称（I/we/our） 注意事项：不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；词数80左右 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：开门见山，表达收到来信的喜悦并引出介绍家乡变化的主题（已给出） 主体段：对比家乡的过去与现在 结尾段：总结并表达对家乡巨变的自豪之情，同时对未来寄予美好展望 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：过去家乡的情况 老旧房屋：lived in old, small houses/lived in old and run-down houses/used to live in small, dirty houses等 道路狭窄：walked on narrow, dirty roads/walked on narrow roads/had to walk on narrow paths等 沙质土地：dry, sandy land/sandy land/there was a lot of sandy land/covered with dry sand等 要点二：现在家乡的变化 高楼大厦：see many tall buildings/have built modern and tall buildings/now there are tall buildings everywhere等 宽阔道路：wide roads/the roads are very wide/the streets are wide enough for cars to pass easily等 绿树成荫：covered with green trees/there are green trees everywhere/surrounded by green trees and beautiful flowers等 温室大棚：built high-tech greenhouses/advanced greenhouses/modern glass greenhouses等 线上销售：sell agricultural products online to make a better living/sell their products on the Internet/sell fresh vegetables through the Internet等 要点三：表达个人感受 自豪骄傲：proud of these changes and believe my hometown will be even better in the future/very proud of the changes in my hometown/proud of my hometown’s development等 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $