基础必备 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（北师大版）

基础必 UNIT 3 主题语境人与自然一 环境保护 CONSERVATION 词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.help save energy and resources 帮助节约能源和资源 1.To protect our homes,let the earth be full of green. 2.up to three quarters of all species 保护我们的家园，让地球充满绿色。 多达四分之三的物种 2.Let the green in life with,let the heart fly in the 3.at risk of dying out 面临灭绝的风险 green. 4.take steps to save endangered species 让绿色在生活中洋溢，让心灵在绿色中放飞。 采取措施拯救濒危物种 5.keep the product lasting longer 3.Take the green to every corner of the world,and let 延长产品使用寿命 the green into people's minds. 6.get stuck in traffic jams 把绿色带到世界每一个角落，让绿色流入人们心中。 陷入交通堵塞 7.produce various types of greenhouse gases 4.Green is our survival hope,beautification is funda 产生各种类型的温室气体 mental to our life. 8.cut the risk of heart disease 绿化是我们生存的希望，美化是我们做人的根本。 降低患心脏病的风险 聚焦层级突破 对应学生P125 聚焦核心要点落实 「第一板块单词点拔台 [金句]一完成句子 -DIYIBANKUAI」 (4)Pollution is a threat to the continued existence of [核心单词] this species. 1.threat n.威胁；（灾难等坏事）发生的可能 污染对这一物种的继续生存造成了威胁。 [教材原句]After the lecture,I can see that the use 2.switch vi..&vt.转换，改变n.开关；转换 of oil and coal is one of the biggest threats to our [教材原句]We definitely need to switch to differ planet. ent forms of power as soon as possible. 听了讲座后，我明白了石油和煤炭的使用是对我们星 我们确实需要尽快转换到不同形式的能源。 球最大的威胁之一。 switch on 接通，打开 ①a threat to sb./sth. 对某人某物构成威胁 switch off (=turn off) 把…关掉，关上 ②threaten v. 威胁 switch over (to sth. 转换频道；转变 threaten sb.(with sth. (用某物)威胁某人 从…转变到… threaten to do sth 恐吓要做某事 switch (from sth.to... 受到威胁的 switch roles 转换角色 ③threatened adj: switch A with B [练通]—一单句语法填空 把A与B交换 (1)Our neighbour threatened to call (call)the police [练通]——单句语法填空 if we didn't stop the noise. (1)At first,the speaker was referring to the prob- (2)(2024·浙江1月卷)Airplanes seed threatening lem of pollution in the country but halfway in his (threaten)storm cells with a chemical to make speech,he suddenly switched to another sub- small ice crystals fall as rain before they can ject. grow into dangerous hailstones. (2)When a tape is put in the VCR,it switches (3)His position as leader will be under threat (threaten) (switch)on automatically. at a party congress next month. (3)He made a switch from publishing to teaching. ·106· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 [金句]一完成句子 [练通]一单句语法填空 (4)Please make sure that all the lights are switched (1)The accidents have decreased by 20%since the off at night. measures were taken. 夜间请务必将所有的灯关掉。 (2)The crime rate in this area has decreased to the (5)The law would encourage companies to switch lowest level nowadays. from coal to cleaner fuels (3)(2025·全国二卷)Our study showed that there 法律将鼓励公司从煤炭转向更清洁的燃料。 was a 30%decrease in sick leave for people who 3.urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的；坚持要求的 were in plant-rich workplaces. [教材原句]That's an incredibly urgent matter., [金句]—句型转换 那是一件非常紧急的事情… (4)The demand for corn is decreasing in this country. -The demand for corn is on the decrease in this ①urge v. country. 催促；极力主张n.强烈的欲望、冲动、迫切的要求 [润中华] urge sb.to do sth./urge sb.into doing sth. To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the 催促/敦促某人做某事 environment,China government is requiring people urge that/It is urged that...(should)do... to recycle materials. 坚决主张…（用虚拟语气） 为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，中国政府要求人们 have/feel an urge to do sth. 回收材料。 渴望做某事；有做某事的冲动/欲望 5.blame vt.责怪，指责 satisfy an urge 满足欲望 [教材原句]This time,human activity will be to ②urgency n. 紧急；急事；催促 blame..这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。 urgently adv. 紧急地，急迫地 ①blame sb../sth.for sth.因某事而责备某人/某事 [练通]一用urge的适当形式填空 blame sth.on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame (for sth. (1)I will not use my savings unless a matter of ur- 对（某事）负有责任 ②take the blame(for) （为…)承担责任 gency happens. lay/put the blame (for sth.)on sb. (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're (把某事)归咎于某人 communicating isn't urgent,consider sending an [点津]be to blame是主动形式表被动意义，不用 email. 于被动语态。 (3)The two countries were urged to put an end to [练通]—单句语法填空 the war,which had lasted over 5 years and (1)(2024·新课标I卷)These days you can see traf- caused great suffering and losses. fic jams around schools that drop off at pick up [金句]一完成句子 times,but it's hard to blame the parents. (4)He urged us to collect money for those who are (2)(2023·浙江1月卷)These biased perspectives in urgent need of food and clothes. cannot be blamed on one single cause. 他敦促我们募捐来帮助那些急需食品和衣服的 (3)(202l·全国甲卷)It's the seaside birds that de- 人们。 serve at least part of the blame for getting Nick 4.decrease n.减少；减少的量i.&vt.减少 Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Ho- [教材原句]According to scientists,they include tel in Victoria,Canada. volcanic eruptions,asteroids hitting the Earth from [金句]—一句多译 space,changes in sea levels,the decrease of the oxy- 他把考试失败归咎于老师。 gen content of the sea and global warming. (4)He blamed the failure of his exam on the teach- 根据科学家的说法，它们包括火山爆发、小行星从太 er.(blame...on) 空撞击地球、海平面的变化、海洋含氧量的减少和全 (5)He blamed the teacher for the failure of his ex- 球变暖。 am.(blame...for) ⑦decrease by. 减少了（表示减少的量） (6)He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on the teacher.(blame n. decrease (from...)to... 6.aware adj.意识到的，明白的；知道的；察觉到的 (从…)减少到…（表示减少后的量） [教材原句]Two friends,Lisa and Amy are discus decrease in... 在…方面减少 sing how to become more environmentally aware. ②on the decrease 在减少 两个朋友，丽莎和艾米在讨论如何变得更有环保意识。 107· 高考总复习英语(BS) ①be(wel)aware of (很)清楚，意识到 8.annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的 make sb.aware of 使某人知道 [教材原句]to feel annoyed感到生气 be/become aware of/that 意识到/开始意识到 ①annoy v. 使烦恼；使生气 as far as sb.be aware 据某人所知 be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 ②awareness n. 意识，认识 be annoyed at/about sth. 因为某事生气 ③unaware adj: 不知道的，没察觉到的 ②annoying adj: 恼人的；讨厌的（多修饰物） [练通]—单句语法填空 [练通]一单句语法填空 (1)(2025·全国二卷)Each dish was tailor-made to (l)(2021·浙江卷)If you ever get the impression raise awareness(aware)regarding food waste. that your dog can“tel”whether you look con (2)(2023·北京卷)People develop countless habits tent or annoyed(annoy),you may be onto some- as they explore the world,whether they are thing. aware of them or not. (2)(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chop (3)I am well aware that it is a risky investment. sticks is important to avoid annoying(annoy) (4)As far as I'm aware,very few jobs are available in your companions. the company at the present time. (3)The boss was annoyed with him because he was [金句]—完成句子 often late for work this month. (5)We must make people aware of the problem and (4)I was annoyed at/about his attitude towards the help protect the endangered wildlife before it's thing. too late.我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并在 [金句]—完成句子 为时已晚之前帮助保护濒临灭绝的野生动植物。 (5)Tony was caught chatting at the meeting,which 7.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 annoyed his boss. [教材原句]I just get anxious when I think of the 托尼在会议上聊天被抓到，这让他的老板很恼火。 impact we have on the environment. 9.relate vi..相联系；有关联 一想到我们对环境造成的影响，我就会感到焦虑。 [教材原句]Some types of cancer are related to ①be anxious for/about 为…担心/忧虑 traffic pollution. be anxious for sth. 渴望某事（物） 有些癌症与交通污染有关 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 相联系，有关联 be anxious that sb.(should)do sth. ①relate v. relate a to B 渴望某人做某事 把A和B联系起来 ②anxiety n. 焦虑，烦恼，忧虑 relate to sb./sth anxiously adv 忧虑地，不安地 与某人/物有关；能理解并同情某人/物 ②relative adj. 相比较而言的；相关联的 [练通]一单句语法填空 n. 亲属，亲戚 (1)She was anxious to know(know)what had hap- relatively adv. 相对地，相当地 pened. (2)Mother felt anxious for/about the children who relationship n. 关系 had been gone for too long. [练通]—单句语法填空 (3)Anxiously (anxious),I went to bed dreaming (l)(2024·新课标I卷)The reasons relate to a vari- about what I would find at the top of this magi- ety of factors,..· cal mountain. (2)(2023·北京卷)A“habit loop(环)”is a way of (4)(2025·全国二卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town describing several related (relate)elements that Center from London is challenging but worth the produce habits. anxiety(anxious). [金句]—完成句子 [金句]一一完成句子 (3)I think our teachers and parents should learn to (5)She is anxious to go to college,but anxious about relate to us young people. not passing the College Entrance Exam. 我认为老师和家长应该学着理解我们年轻人。 她渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过大学入学考试。 (4)In fact we can relate all these traffic accidents to (6)I felt /was anxious for/about his safety when I careless driving. heard the news of the train accident. 实际上我们可以把所有这些交通事故和粗心驾驶 当我听到火车事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全。 联系起来。 ·108 基础必备选择性必修第一册 [间考词汇] 3.consumer n.消费者 1.destroy vt..破坏；毁掉 教师专用 教师专用 ①consume vt.. 消耗，消费；大吃，大喝 Ddestroy sb. 毁掉某人（的一生） consume resources/time/stores be destroyed by fire 被大火烧毁 消耗资源/时间/存物 ②destruction n. 破坏，毁坏 consume one's fortune 消耗某人的财产 destroyer n. 破坏者；起破坏作用的东西 ②consumption n. 消费；消耗量 单句语法填空/完成句子 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The building was destroyed(destroy)completely (1)Gas and oil consumption (consume)always in- by fire. creases in cold weather. (2)The destruction(destroy)of such species could (2)(2024·浙江1月卷)Consumers(consume)prefer prevent researchers from finding cures for cer- money off individual items. tain diseases. (3)We consume less meat,choosing green food. (3)The company is the world's destroyer(destroy) 我们选择绿色食品，少吃肉。 of tropical forests. (4)The car consumes a lot of fuel. (4)The hospital attached to the medical college was 这辆汽车很费燃料。 destroyed in the flood. 4.suit v.适合；相称n.套装；一套衣服 那所医学院的附属医院在洪水中被摧毁了。 2.hunt vi.&vt.猎取，猎杀；搜索；驱赶n.狩猎；追 》教师专用 捕：搜寻 ①suit sth.tosb./sth. 使某事适合于某人/物 ·教师专用 ②suitable adj. 合适的，适当的 ①hunt after 追猎（某动物）；追逐（某物） be suitable for... 适合… hunt for 寻找某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 hunt up (在报纸上、书上等)找到（资料等） ③suited adj. 合适的；般配的 ②hunter n. 猎人 be suited to. 适合于… 单句语法填空/完成句子 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)After graduation,he has been hunting for a job. (1)(2024·新课标I卷)According to this theory, (2)You'll have to hunt up the word in the dictionary. people approach digital texts with a mindset sui- (3)(2024·全国甲卷)These adorable little hunters ted (suit)to social media. (hunt)are just doing something that it's been in (2)A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his their nature since the beginning of time. pupils. (4)Many people hunt after fame in their lives but (3)The simplicity of the book makes it suitable for never find it. children. (5)Farmers hunted the rare animals without mercy (4)It is suitable to carry some fruit when you go to many years ago. your Chinese friend's home for dinner. 多年前，农民们毫不留情地猎杀这些珍稀动物。 当你去中国朋友家吃饭时，带些水果是合适的。 主题语境·培优词汇库 1.“目标、梦想、抱负”不可少 2.真的“生气”了 ①ambition n.雄心；野心 ①annoy vt.使…不悦 ②ourpose n.目的；意图 ②explode u.勃然大怒 ③target n.目标；对象 ③mad/crazy adj.气愤的 ④dream n.梦想 ④angry adlj.生气的 ⑤aim n.&u.目标；目的 ⑤anger n.生气 ⑥goal n.目标 ⑥upset 0.使生气 109 高考总复习英语(BS) 第二板块 LDIERBANKUAI」 短语、句式精剖析 3.wipe out彻底毁灭 [教材原旬]Extinctions,where entire species are l.have a role起某种作用；充当角色 wiped out,are not unusual in our Earth's history. [教材原句]We all have a role to play in protecting 物种灭绝，即某个物种完全消失，在地球的历史上并 the environment. 不罕见。 在保护环境方面，我们大家都可以发挥作用。 wipe ut. 擦；拭；抹掉 play an important role/part in... wipe...with... 用…擦… 在…中起到重要作用/担任重要角色 wipe sth.away/off/up 擦掉/擦净某物 play the role of sb.=play/act the part of sb. wipe sth.off/from... 把某物从…处擦掉（消除掉） (在剧中)扮演…角色 wipe sth.from/off one's mind/memory play the leading role 起带头/主要作用 有意忘记某事物 [练通]——单句语法填空 [练通]—单句语法填空 (1)(2o23·北京卷)It is fair to say,though,that (1)I like to wipe the windows with a very soft cloth. our psychological biases play a major role. (2)These measures will help to wipe out poverty in (2)He played the role of Hamlet in the play last rural areas. week. [金句]—完成句子 [金句]一完成句子 (3)I tried several times to wipe it off/from my mind/ (3)(2o24·北京卷)While he held the notion that memory,but I just couldn't. objective reality exists,he said our mind plays a 我几次想把它忘掉，但就是做不到。 necessary role in structuring and shaping our 4.be at risk处境危险，受到威胁 perceptions. [教材原句]Of course,as we humans depend on so 虽然他认为客观现实存在，但他表示，我们的思想 many species for our survival,we would also be at 在构建和塑造我们的感知方面发挥着必要的 risk of dying out. 作用。 当然，由于我们人类依靠如此多的物种生存，我们也 会有灭绝的危险。 2.die out消失；绝迹，灭绝 [教材原句]How many times up to today has life ①risk vt. 冒…的危险 n. 冒险；危险的人或物；危险，风险 on Earth almost died out? risk one's life 冒着生命危险 到今天为止，地球上的生命几乎灭绝了多少次？ risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 die away (尤指声音、光、风等)逐渐消失；停止 at the risk of doing sth. die down 减弱；平息 冒着做某事的危险 run/take the risk of doing sth.f idie of 因…而死 ②risky adj: 危险的；大胆的；冒险的 die off 相继死去 [练通]— 单句语法填空 [练通]一用die的相关短语填空 (1)The disease is spreading,and all young children (1)(2025·全国一卷)..a modern-day Juliet who are at risk. died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the (2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that love of her young life. we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk (2)The animal died out many years ago. being (be)sidelined and perhaps even worse. (3)The fireman risked his (he)life to save the baby (3)The excitement died down as time went by. from the burning building. (4)The singing of birds died away. (4)(2025·浙江1月卷)He never got into trouble, (5)The cattle died off in the cold winter. though sometimes he wanted to do risky (risk) [金句]一完成句子 things. (6)I often remind myself that although some dreams [金句]一完成句子 may die out,you can always have your passion (5)I won't let you take such risks.After all,it is reborn again. better to be safe than sorry. 我经常提醒自己，虽然有些梦想可能会消失，但激 我是不会让你冒险的，毕竟，小心一点好，以免 情总能再生。 后悔。 110· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 5.set out开始做某事，着手进行 (4)It's known to us that the earth is 49 times the [教材原句]In the week when the government sets size of the moon. out its new environmental programme,Kevin Me- [金句]—同义句改写 Cabe and Alicia Stewart consider the problem of food (5)It's said that the power plant is now twice as packaging waste. large as what it was. 在政府开始其新环保计划的这一周，凯文·麦凯布和 >It's said that the power plant is now twice lar- 艾丽西亚·斯图尔讨论了食品包装浪费的问题。 ger than it was. set out (to do sth.)=set about (doing sth. -It's said that the power plant is now twice the 开始（做某事） size of what it was set aside 把…存储起来；留出；把…撇开 set down 制定；把…写下来；让…下车 7.Itis+adj.that.,主语从句 set off 启程，出发；引爆；激起 [教材原句]It is clear that human activity has neg- stuP搭起；竖起；建立；成立；使（某人）充满活力 atively affected all other species on Earth,including [练通]—一用set的相关短语填空 animals and plants. (1)After the earthquake,the people set about rebuil- 很明显，人类活动对地球上所有其他物种都产生了负 ding their homes. 面影响，包括动物和植物。 (2)Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour “Itbe+adj.+that从句”是固定句式，其中it是 each day for exercise. 形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。动词不 (3)He has achieved what he set out to do three years 定式、动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常用t作形 ago. 式主语，把真正的主语放到句末。 (4)(2o24·新课标Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden ①It's+形容词(surprising./obvious..)/名词(a system.It can be set up for a family. pity/no wonder.,.)+todo/主语从句 [金句]一完成句子 (5)The next morning he hired a boat and set out to ②It's+名词/形容词(no good/no use/useless)+ find the well-known painter. doing 第二天早上，他雇了一艘船，出发去找那位著名的 ③It's+过去分词(said/reported/known/expec 画家。 :ted/believed)+主语从句 6.含倍数的比较级 OIt doesn't matter/makes no difference/makes no [教材原句]They found that human activity is cau- sense十主语从句 sing species to die out 1,000 times faster than nor- ⑤It十seems/appears//happens等十主语从句 mal. [练通]一单句语法填空 他们发现人类活动导致物种灭绝的速度比正常情况 (1)It is surprising(surprise)that he didn't come to 快1000倍。 the class. 四种常见表示“倍数”的句型： (2)It is a great satisfaction(satisfy)that she is well ①倍数十as十形容词/副词原级十as.· again and can go to her office. ②倍数十形容词或副词比较级十than..· (3)It's no use talking(talk)to her.She is stubborn. (4)It is said that Isaac will accompany his parents to ③倍数+the size/height/weight/depth等名词+of.. Europe. ④倍数+as many/much十名词+as.. (5)(2025·全国一卷)Liquid ammonia is easy to [练通]一单句语法填空 keep and transport,but it is hard to ignite (1)The electronic waste stream is increasing three and requires an engine redesign. times faster (fast)than traditional garbage as a [金句]一完成句子 whole. (6)It is amazing that there are more than 8,000 stat- (2)The new stadium being built for the next Asian ues,and no one in modern times knew about Games will be three times as big as the present one. them until the 1970s. (3)The population now in this village is five times 令人惊讶的是，有超过8000座雕像，直到二十世 what it was ten years ago. 纪七十年代，现代才有人知道它们。 ·111 高考总复习 英语(BS) 进阶>多维检测 对应学生P132 夯基固本多维运用 [全练透] 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What had started as a ●[维度1]词形转换 stressful (stress)evening turned into a wonderful 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 friendship,all thanks to Gunter's kindness and 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)They have a strong environ- trust in me. mental (environment)awareness. [重落实] 2.(2024·浙江1月卷)Private climate engineering is [维度3]课文语法填空 illegal (legal)in Canada. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 3.The windows are very dirty(dirt).They have not 或括号内单词的正确形式。 been cleaned for weeks. Extinctions,where entire species are wiped out, 4.Anxiously (anxious),she took the dress out of the are not unusual in our Earth's history.In fact,over package and tried it on. 90 percent of all species 1.that ever lived are now 5.Wang Wei's behaviour is of great importance in extinct.In the last 500 million years,there 2.have awakening people's awareness(aware)of helping been(be)five times when life on Earth has almost others. ended,3.including(include)the third mass extinc- 6.The union threatened(threat)that they would go tion,known as the "Great Dying"and the fifth event. on strike if their demands were not met. The 4.reasons(reason)for extinctions are 5.varied/ 7.The hunter(s)(hunt)agreed to take us to go hun- various(vary).Many scientists say we are now ente- ting with him tomorrow. ring the Earth's sixth mass extinction.This time,hu- 8.Some experts appealed to people to rescue many man activity will be 6.to blame(blame). species from extinction(extinct). A 2015 study by scientists found that human ac- 9.Urgent(urge)measures have been taken to prevent tivity is causing species to die out 1,000 times car emission. 7.faster(fast)than normal.8.It is clear that human 10.A varied(vary)and ancient food culture should activity has negatively affected all other species on be famous worldwide. Earth,including animals and plants. ◆[维度2]动词的形式变化和固定用法 If a sixth mass extinction 9.occurs(occur),sci 在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的 entists who have studied the issue believe that up to 适当形式填空。 three quarters of all species on Earth could die out 1.Air pollution is the biggest threat to the environ- and we would also be 10.at risk of dying out.In ment in our city. short,if we want to survive,we need to stop destro- 2.Rice production has increased by 5%this year ying the planet that we live on and start to protect it. compared to that of last year. [维度4]话题作文（建议性短文） 3.The amount of dust in the air is(be)getting smal- 如今灭绝的物种越来越多，保护濒危动物尤为重 ler in our city these years. 要。现就如何保护濒危动物写一篇短文，内容如下： 4.Waste paper is recyclable (recycle)and it can be 1.动物濒危的原因； made into new paper. 2.保护的措施； 5.Women play an important role in the construction 3.呼吁大家。 of our great motherland. 注意：1.根据汉语提示补全作文； 6.(2024·新课标I卷)Habitat Restoration Team 2.词数80左右； volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive 3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 resources and protecting endangered(endanger) Everyone knows animals are our friends.1.But many species across the ridges and valleys. animals are facing the danger of extinction(但许多动物正 7.(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy 面临灭绝的危险)，because the environment that they are compared(compare)with hers. living in has been destroyed greatly.What's worse,2.hu- 8.These noises are quite annoying(annoy)as they man race is killing them just for getting their fur,skin, keep us awake all night long. teeth and meat(人类正在杀死它们只是为了得到它们的 9.Humans are on the road to destruction/being de- 皮毛、皮肤、牙齿和肉). stroyed(destroy)as they do much damage to the 3.In order to protect our resources of ecology earth. (为了保护我们的生态资源)，our government should ·112· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 pass laws and forbid people to hunt the animals in 2l.keep an eye on照看 danger.We can work together to plant more trees 22.catch sb.'seye引起某人注意 and call for protecting animals'habitats.At the same 23.lose sight of忽略，看不见 time,it is necessary to have long-term projects to 24.see through看透 help the endangered animals. 25.keep one's eyes fixed on目不转睛地看着 4.Only if we protect animals well can we have a bright 26.don't let sb.out of your sight future(只有保护好动物，我们才能有光明的未来)！ 不让某人离开你的视线 ●[维度5]读后续写微技能(12)一“有关看的 ●[佳句观摩] 表达” 1.我们都聚在电视机前，祈求看一眼他的脸。 ●[多样表达] We all gathered in front of the television,praying 1.watch v.观察；聚精会神地看 to catch a glance/glimpse of his face. 2.observe v.观察 2.没有其他人注意到我们，我放下礼物，猛地按了按 3.notice v.注意到 他的门铃。 4.glance at一瞥，看一眼 Seeing no other people notice us,I placed the pres- 5.stare at盯住 ent down and pounded his doorbell. 6.glare at怒目而视 3,她的眼睛落在我四岁生日聚会时我和她的照片上。 7.peep at偷窥 8.gaze at凝视 Her eyes fell on the photos of her and me at my 9.glimpse at瞥一眼 fourth birthday party. 10.catch sight of看到 ●[好句仿写] 1l.1 ook around环顾 1.她快乐地唱歌，用又大又明亮的眼睛目不转睛地看 12.1 ook down俯视 着周围的环境。 13.look through浏览 Singing happily,she gazed at her surroundings 14.catch a glimpse of偷瞄一眼 with her large,innocent eyes. 15.look out of the window望向窗外 2.这位妇女热切地看着这个女孩，想和她说话。 16.take a quick look瞥见；不经意看到 The woman was staring eagerly at the girl,trying 17.look at sb.straight in the eye/look into one's to make a conversation. eyes直视某人的眼睛 3.当这位女士感到越来越沮丧和绝望时，我无助地 l8.exchange a glance with sb.与某人交换眼色 看着。 l9.eyes rest on sth.目光落在… I watched helplessly,as the woman felt more and 20.fix eyes on盯着 more frustrated and hopeless. 培优提能加餐 对应学生P134 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识高考链接 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义 写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思 根据语境选出claim的含义 1.Hence this book,Chasing the Sea:Lost Among the A.vt.夺去 B.vt.声称 Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia,which talks C.vi.主张 D.t.索赔 about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpak- E.vt.认领 stan,where millions of lives have been destroyed 1.Two young girls claim to have seen the fairies. by the slow drying up of the sea. vt.杀死 B 2.In Bellevue,the switch to adaptive signals has 2.The police said that if no one claims the watch, been a lesson in the value of welcoming new ap- you can keep it. E proaches. n.转变 3.Because the accident had not been her fault,Bar- 3.(2025·全国-卷)A couple of messages came in, bara was able to claim damages D one wanting additional photos,another asking for 4.Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives. a price cut. n.降价 A 5.If there is no identifiable scientific method,then 4.Many people are unaware of just how much food what is the reason for trust in science?The an- and drink they consume. v.消耗 swer is how those claims are evaluated. C ·113· 高考总复习英语(BS) [培优2]高考语篇培素养 一Topic:微塑料污染及应对方法 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2o25·全国-卷)Microplastics have become a common source 1.How does the author present the is- of pollution across the Earth-they have settled in the deep sea and sue in the first paragraph? on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of A.By quoting an expert. seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even ap- B.By defining a concept. pearing inside humans. C.By giving examples. Now,new research suggests that a simple,cheap measure may D.By providing statistics. significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap2.What determines the effectiveness of (水龙头)：boiling and filtering(过滤)it.In a study published trapping microplastics in water? Wednesday in Environmental Science &Technology Letters,re- A.The hardness of water. searchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five mi- B.The length of cooling time. nutes-then filtering it after it cools-could remove at least 80 per- cent of its microplastics. C.The frequency of filtering. Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough cal- D.The type of plastic in water. cium carbonate()to trap the plastics.In the study,boiling 3.What does the author try to illus- hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an trate by mentioning bottled water in almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 Paragraph 4? milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics A.The importance of plastic recy- by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn't include all cling. types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types- B.The severity of the microplastic polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene-and they didn't study problem. other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. C.The danger in overusing pure wa- Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing ter. microplastic exposure-a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. D.The difficulty in treating polluted Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to water. 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. 4.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's sug- Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplas- tics are-but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study gestion about? suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake."The way A.Choice of new research methods. they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling B.Possible direction for further process was nice,"Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental study. engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not in- C.Need to involve more research- volved in the research,tells New Scientist."We should be looking ers. into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove mi- D.Potential application of the find- croplastics.” ings. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项关于 fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing in- 减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已 side humans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染 遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自 源一它们出现在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火 来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤。研究虽未涵盖所有 山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。 塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。 它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通 苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效 过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。] 性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 2.A[细节理解题。根据第三段的“Crucially,this l1.C[推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Microplastics process relies on the water containing enough cal- have become a common source of pollution across cium carbonate(碳酸钙)to trap the plastics..In the Earth-they have settled in the deep sea and the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milli- on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks, grams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less ·114· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填在横线上） reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.( 1.process 关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水 A.过程B.步骤C.处理D.加工 来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸 DI recommend that you avoid processed foods 钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在 whenever possible. D 碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了 2Our sales information is processed by computer. 25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料 C 的有效性的是水的硬度。] 3Employees should have a voice in the decision 3.B[推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still,the find making process. A ings show a potential path forward for reducing 4The method and process for realizing the func microplastic exposure-a task that's becoming in- tions was shown. B creasingly difficult.Even bottled water,scientists 2.drop found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. A.滴B.下降 C.水珠D.落下 如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途 DFruits soon drop down when they get ripe. D 径—这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时 2It was stated that standards at the hospital were dropping. B 候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也 比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者 3A few drops of green food coloring were added. A 提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。] 4.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“‘The way 4Tiny drops of water in the air form clouds. C they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped ◆长句缩写 through the boiling process was nice,'Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at 1.Microplastics have become a common source of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was pollution across the Earth-they have settled in not involved in the research,tells New Scientist. the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside 'We should be looking into upgrading drinking volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. water treatment plants so they remove microplas- [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 tics.’（苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) Caroline gauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究，她 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 告诉《新科学家》杂志：‘他们展示的微塑料是如何 通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很好。’‘我们应该考虑 Microplastics have become a (common )source of 升级饮用水处理厂，这样它们就能去除微塑料。’)” pollution [across the Earth-they have settled in 可知，Gauchotte--Lindsay提出了这项发现的潜在 the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside 应用，升级饮用水处理厂。] volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds ◆素材积累 and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow]. (一)由文本积累主题词块 [句子缩写]Microplastics have become a source 1.become a common source of pollution of pollution..(不超过10个单词) 成为常见的污染源 2.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 2.reduce the level of microplastics 降低微塑料的含量 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 3.lead to an almost 90 percent drop 导致下降近90% 90 percent drop in plastics. 4.include all types of plastics包括所有类型的塑料 [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 5.was not involved in the research 未参与研究 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 1.volcanic adj. 火山的 [In the study],boiling hard water (containing 2.significantly adv. 显著地 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate)led to an 3.crucially adv. 关键地 (almost 90 percent)drop(in plastics). 4.milligram n. 毫克 [句子缩写]Boiling hard water led to a drop. 5.upgrade v. 升级，提升 (不超过10个单词) ·115