专题三 第一讲 第二节 形容词和副词（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义语法突破+写作寻芳

语法突破专题三常考词类篇 续表 [对点演练]一用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 achieve->achievement -ment 1.(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell argue-argument -ure/-ture press→pressure,mix→mixture especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the recover->recovery absence (absent)of smog and plenty of blue -y discover-→discovery sky afternoons afternoon )with lots of 其他 choose->choice,vary->variety 2.形容词变名词 fresh air. -age short→shortage 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)I really want to make this efficient-→efficiency,fluent-→fluency work for people's (people)lives today,... -cy 3.(2024·全国甲卷)They are treasures(treas -dom free->freedom,wise->wisdom ure)of American heritage(遗产). -ce different->difference,silent->silence 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Tang and Shakespeare weak→weakness -ness careless->carelessness were contemporaries and both died in 1616.Al- -th warm->warmth though they could never have met,there are -ty/-ity safe→safety,disable→disability common themes(theme)in their works,... 第二节形容词和副词 对应学生P29 专点一 形容词和副词的句法功能 词性 功能 例句 形 在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语 Confident and optimistic,she is the sort of lady to spread (说明主语的状态、性质或特征等) sunshine to people through her smile. 自信乐观的她是那种通过微笑把快乐传递给他人的女士。 在句中作状语，修饰动词（短语）、形 副 I couldn't find my way out,so I stayed there all along. 容词、副词、介词短语或句子等，方 我找不到出去的路，因此我一直待在那里。 位副词可作后置定语、表语或补语 专点！ 形容词和副词的词性转换 类别 例词 clear→clearly,great→greatly,loud→loudly,sudden→ 形容词+后缀ly suddenly,sincere->sincerely 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，把y变成 happy-→happily,heavy→heavily,angry→angrily,lucky→ luckily,noisy-noisily i再加-ly *shy→shyly(y的发音为/a/,直接加-ly) terrible→terribly,possible→possibly,gentle→gently, 词尾为-ble/-le的形容词，去掉e,再加-y probableprobably,comfortable-comfortably,responsi- ble→responsibly,suitable-→suitably(例外：whole-→wholly) 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为1的形容词，直接加y full-→fully,dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic-basically,scientific-scientifically,specific-specific- ally,automatic-automatically ·29· 高考总复习英语 吉点三 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1.比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则形式 ①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词，在原级后加-er,est构成，如：clever一cleverer一cleverest。 其他特殊变化见下表： 特殊情况 构成方法 例词 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-r和-st brave-braver-bravest 以“辅音字母十y”结尾 变y为i,再加-er和-est happy- happier-happiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有 双写词尾，再加-er和-est hot-hotter-hottest 个辅音字母 ②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more和most构成。 active-more active-most active happily-more happily-most happily [温馨提示]有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最 :高级。这些双音节词是：common,handsome,quiet,.pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired和以-ow,-er结尾的词。 (2)不规则形式 原级 比较级 最高级 good,well better best bad,ill worse worst many,much more most little less least farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最 farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) 远的”) far further(指空间距离“更远的”；在 furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程 更大程度上) 度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.比较级和最高级的用法 as十adj.(原形)十as..“和…一样…”； The tourist attraction is as attractive as that one. not as/,so十adj.(原形)十as..“不如…” 这个景点和那个景点一样有吸引力。 当as..as..结构中有名词时，可用以下 同 I'm not a little tired today after giving the room a thor- 级 结构： ough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as 较 ①as十形容词原级十a(n)十可数名词单数 today. +as.. 今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有 ②as十many十可数名词复数十as.. 像今天这样累过。 ③as十much十不可数名词十as.. ①“形容词比较级十than..”表示“两者中一 The problem is more important than that one. 方比另一方更…”。 这个问题比那个问题更重要。 比 ②“less十形容词原级十than..”表示“一方 I am less fortunate than him. 级 不及另一方…” 我没有他幸运。 L温馨提示]修饰比较级的常用词和短语主要有much,even,still,far,rather a little,alot等。 more,very,quite等副词不可修饰比较级。 ·30· 语法突破专题三常考词类篇 续表 Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has 最 ever got. ①“the十最高级十表示比较范围的短语 安迪很满意这个玩具。这是他得到过的最好的 最 或从句”，表示“…中最…的” 的 玩具。 级 ②one of+the十形容词最高级+名词 见 复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. 用 上海是我国最大的城市之一。 法 ③the十序数词+形容词最高级十名词 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 ①否定词十比较级 Your story is perfect;I've never heard a better one 高 ②比较级+than+any other十单数可数 before. 你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好 最 的 名词 ③比较级十than十the other十复数可数 听的故事。 级 他 名词 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/ ④比较级十than十any of the other十复 than the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in 形 数可数名词 China. 式 ⑤比较级+than anything/,anyone else 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。 ①“the十比较级..，the十比较级..”“越…，（就）越…” ②“比较级十and十比较级”“越来越.” 含有比 ③“the十比较级十of the two十名词复数”“两者中较…的那个” ④no more than“仅仅”；not more than'“至多；不超过” 等 ⑤more..than..“与其说…不如说…” ⑥no十比较级十than“和…一样不.” 的 特 ⑦not十比较级十than“不比…更…” ⑧倍数句型 用 a.倍数+比较级十than b.倍数十as十形容词原级十as c.倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of [对点演练]一用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2025.)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the stra- tegic (strategy)placement of the pieces,... 2.(2025·北京卷)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly longer (long). 3.(2024·新课标I卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function)structure that is also beautiful. 4.(2024·新课标I卷)In cold weather,the structure stays closed(close)to protect the plants. 5.(2023·新课标I卷)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely(rare)enough,yet two seems greedy,... 6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So,what are they learning？Basically(basic),how to describe a panda's life. ·31· 高考总复习英语 D [课后微练] 对应学生P32 I.语法单句练 Ⅱ.语法写作练 1.(2025·全国一卷)“..You try to lead the op 1.Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and ponent into your trap and force them to follow drinks 加入我们来品尝各种各样新鲜的当地食物和 your‘guidance(guide)'till they lose,”ex 饮料。 plains Wang Wei,a Go player among the visi- 2.Finally they came back home,tired and hun- tors to the exhibition. gry. 2.(2025·北京卷)Most days after school,I love 最后，他们回到了家，又累又饿。 walking in the forest with my dog Nick.It's 3.Fortunately,he was not drowned and was peaceful (peace),especially around sunset. saved by the PLA men. 幸运的是，他没被淹死，他被解放军救了。 3.(2025·全国-卷)Hydrogen fuel cells are a 4.This computer is more expensive than mine. lighter (light )choice than batteries for trucks, 这台电脑比我的那台贵。 but making green hydrogen is expensive. 5.The bridge being built now is (by far)the lon- 4.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest gest over the Yellow River. (large)United States national park-2.2 mil- 现在正在建造的这座桥是黄河之上最长的 lion acres -until... 一座。 6.Eating too much sugar is harmful to your 5.(2024·全国甲卷)Firstly,shared bicycles have teeth. become a popular choice (choose)in cities, 吃太多的糖对你的牙齿有害。 providing an eco-friendly and cost-effective way Ⅲ.语法语篇练（用适当的形容词、副词填空） to travel short distances. Some people think that they will get ill if 6.(2024·新课标I卷)They are useful for detec- they use their 1.brains (brain)too much.It is not ting shifts in the number and variety(vary)of true.Through many studies,scientists show us that the 2.more(much)you use your brain,the species in an area. better it will be and the 3.cleverer(clever)you 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You choose which length will become. (long)you want and it gives you a receipt-like Of course,if you want to keep your mind short story. 4.clear(clearly)and active,you must take a prop- 8.(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in er rest and study 5.properly(proper).To the the heart of America,where all life seemed to teenagers,using their brains in the morning is 6.good (well)for their 7.health (healthy). enjoy peaceful existence (exist)with its sur- There are many ways to rest.One is a roundings. 8.peaceful(peace)rest.Another is an active rest. 9.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I have been helping the For example,take a walk 9.outdoors (outdoor) panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comforta- and do more exercise every day.To change the ble and confident (confidence)speaking Eng- way of brains'activities is also a good way to lish. rest. 10.(2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand In everyday life,to eat some eggs,meat, fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the their range into places where they haven't been brains. seen in a century or more,they're increasingly Wish you a wise man and a 10.happy (hap- (increasing)being sighted by humans. pily)life. ·32·