专题一 第二讲 8种基本句型（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义语法突破+写作寻芳

第二讲 任何语言都有各自不同的构建方式来传达一 种意义或情感等，这就是句型。英语有构建句型 的共性，也有其特殊的构建方式。英语里共有8 种基本句型。 1.主语+谓语(SV) 谓语动词是不及物动词，后面不需接宾语，本身 能表达完整的意思。 (2o25·全国二卷)I smiled,feeling a warmth spread through me. 我微笑着，感觉到一股温暖在我身上蔓延。 2.主语十谓语+状语(SVA) 谓语动词是不及物动词。状语一般由副词、介 词短语、分词（短语）、名词、不定式或相当于副 词的词或短语来充当。其位置一般放在句末， 但也可放在句首或句中。 Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 3.主语十谓语十宾语(SVO) 谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其 后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。作宾 语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词十 动词不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等。 (2025·全国一卷)We pay little attention to other classmates'personalities,hobbies,strengths,and even aspirations. 我们很少关注其他同学的个性、爱好、优势，甚 至抱负。 4.主语+谓语十宾语十状语(SVOA) 有时宾语后会接副词、介词短语、不定式、现在 分词短语等作状语。 A man may dig his grave with his teeth. 祸从口出。 5.主语十谓语十间接宾语十直接宾语(SVOO) 谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动 作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指 物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之 后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。 (2025·全国一卷)I handed him the box of bis- cuits. 我递给他那盒饼干。 6.主语十谓语+宾语十宾语补足语(SVOC) 谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不 完整，需要再加上另外一个成分（宾语补足语） 对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的 有名词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语等。 (2025·浙江1月卷)He asked Kevin to describe the man in detail. 他让凯文详细描述一下那个人。 语法突破专题一语法奠基篇 8 种基本句型 对应学生P3 7.主语十系动词十表语(SVP) 动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个 表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。 系动词除了be动词之外，还有： ①表示感官的动词：feel、appear、.look、smell、 taste、sound等； ②表示状态延续的动词：remain、stay、keep、 continue等； ③表示转变、变化的动词：become、get、turn、 go、run、fall、come、grow等。 (2025·北京卷)Another idea is to promote cul-- tural exchange. 另一个想法是促进文化交流。 8.存现句(There be,.·) There be...意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存 在”或“某地有某物”。There be..属于倒装结 构，后面的名词是句子的主语。There be中的 be有时可以是lie、stand、used to be、seem to be、appear to be等来表达更加具体形象的 意义。 DThere are many people enjoying themselves near the lake. 很多人在湖边玩得很开心。 2There happened to be nobody around when the accident happened. 事故发生时，碰巧周围没有人。 [对点演练]一指出下列句子属于方框内的哪种 基本句式 A.SV(主+谓) B.SVP(主十系十表) C.SVO(主十谓+宾) D.SVOO(主十谓十间宾十直宾) E.SVOC(主十谓十宾十宾补) 1.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. B 2.Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.C 3.Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? E 4.The days get longer and longer when summer comes. B 5.My father bought me a new bike last week. D 6.They found the house decorated with beautiful flowers. E 7.(2o24·北京卷)My friends all jumped up in excitement. A 8.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 高考总复习英语 [课后 I.语法单句练 1.(2025·北京卷)They themselves don't know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic (academy)diffi- culty. 2.(2025·全国二卷)From technological solutions to educational (education)campaigns,food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing. 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fash ion clothes for women to rent rather than pur- chase them outright,providing a less expensive solution (solve)to one-time event dressing. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later,asix meter-tall pavilion,inspired (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes'walk from Shakespear's birthplace. 5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. 6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)It was a moment of con nection with nature that I truly cherished. 7.(2024·浙江1月卷)This exercise is recom mended (recommend)for several reasons. 8.(2024·浙江1月卷)In the past few years,on line learning has become (become)a significant part of the university and college experience. 9.(2024·北京卷)Slowing(slow)down can con- tribute significantly to personal growth. 10.(2023·新课标I卷)The task John set for himself was to remove harmful (harm)sub- stances from some sludge(污泥). Ⅱ.语法写作练 1.There are many students standing in a queue to welcome the old soldier. 有很多学生正站队欢迎这位老兵。 微练] 对应学生P4 2.He told me a helicopter was on its way. 他告诉我说一架直升机在来的路上。 3.Although I tried my best,I failed. 虽然我尽了我最大的努力，但我还是失败了。 4.When I felt very depressed,my father encour- aged me. 在我感到非常沮丧时，我的父亲鼓励了我。 5.The cross-country running race turned out to be a great success. 越野比赛取得了巨大的成功。 6.The teacher told me an inspiring story the mo- ment I wanted to give up. 在我想放弃的那一刻，老师给我讲了一个鼓舞 人心的故事。 Ⅲ.语法语篇练（根据汉语提示补全句子） Liang Jianying,general designer of the China high-speed EMU,1.was born in1972(生于1972 )Since she graduated in 1995,she 2.has been devoting all her time to researching(把她所有的 时间都花在研究上)into the development of the China high-speed railway.Afterwards,she inven- ted the 300~350 km/h high-speed EMU,3.mak- ing it more convenient for us to get around quick- ly(让我们可以更方便地快速走动).4.It is be- cause of her outstanding contributions to our country that(正是因为她对我们国家的杰出贡献) China is playing a leading role in high-speed rail- ways all over the world.As a consequence,5.she was awarded in2015(她在2015年获奖).Howev- er,she never shows any signs of pride. Liang Jianying 6.has set a good example to us(为我们树立了一个好榜样).From her,I realize that we should keep on trying 7.until we realize our dreams(直到我们实现了我们的梦想).