摘要:
本讲义聚焦八年级英语上册Unit8 Lesson1“塑料污染与环保行动”核心主题,以海滩清理听力对话为载体,串联“发现塑料瓶受伤—分析海洋生物危害(鲸鱼胃中垃圾案例)—决定清理海滩”的情境脉络,辅以高频短语(如go for a swim, be harmful to)作为语言学习支架。
该资料通过真实情境对话培养语言能力,环保主题渗透文化意识与社会责任感,问题解决过程(从发现到行动)提升思维品质。课中听力情境助学生理解主题,课后单选及完成句子练习可巩固短语与语法,有效辅助教学与学生查漏补缺。
内容正文:
八年级英语上册Unit8知识点-Lesson 1讲义
【课文要点】
Part 1: 课前讨论问题(Discussion Questions)
- How often do you clean your house?
你多久打扫一次房子?
- How does plastic pollution affect sea life?
塑料污染如何影响海洋生物?
Part 2: 听力对话 – 海滩清理
对话背景:
- Jenny、Danny和Brian与家人一起在海滩度假(vacation)。
- 他们原本很兴奋想去海里游泳(go for a swim in the ocean)。
发现塑料污染:
- Jenny踩到东西受伤了——是一个塑料瓶(a plastic bottle)。
- Danny说塑料应该放在垃圾桶(bin) 里,而不是海里。
- Brian把塑料瓶扔进回收箱(recycling bin)。
塑料污染对海洋生物的危害:
- 有人把垃圾留在海滩上,这种行为对海洋及其生物有害(harmful to the ocean and its creatures)。
- Jenny上周读到:一头鲸鱼死亡,胃里有超过20个塑料袋(20 plastic bags)、一把玩具枪和其他垃圾,总共10公斤(10 kilos)。
决定采取行动:
- Brian建议清理海滩(clean up the beach)。
- Danny担心人太少,但Jenny建议请家人帮忙(ask family members to help)。
- 他们向家人解释计划,大家都同意帮忙。
结果:
- 他们花了一个下午捡起瓶子、塑料袋和各种各样的垃圾(bottles, plastic bags, and all kinds of garbage)。
- 离开前他们最后一次游泳。
- 他们为自己带来了改变(made a difference) 而感到自豪。
【高频短语汇总】(中英互译)
go for a swim 去游泳
step on 踩到
plastic bottle 塑料瓶
recycling bin 回收箱
leave garbage 留下垃圾
be harmful to 对……有害
plastic bags 塑料袋
in one's stomach 在某人的胃里
clean up the beach 清理海滩
ask family members to help 请家人帮忙
pick up garbage 捡垃圾
all kinds of garbage 各种各样的垃圾
make a difference 带来改变
a terrible story 一个可怕的故事
take a final swim 最后一次游泳
feel proud 感到自豪
【综合练习】
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
( ) 1. Jenny, Danny, and Brian are on a beach ______ with their families.
A. vacation B. trip C. tour D. visit
( ) 2. Jenny stepped on a ______ bottle and got hurt.
A. glass B. plastic C. metal D. paper
( ) 3. Danny said the plastic should be in the ______, not in the sea.
A. box B. bag C. bin D. basket
( ) 4. Brian threw the plastic bottle into the ______ bin.
A. recycling B. trash C. compost D. storage
( ) 5. A man over there was leaving his ______ on the beach.
A. toys B. food C. garbage D. clothes
( ) 6. Leaving garbage on the beach is ______ to the ocean.
A. helpful B. harmful C. useless D. useful
( ) 7. Jenny read that a whale died with more than ______ plastic bags in its stomach.
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25
( ) 8. The whale had ______ kilos of rubbish in its stomach.
A. 5 B. 8 C. 10 D. 12
( ) 9. Brian suggested ______ the beach.
A. cleaning up B. cleaning out C. cleaning off D. cleaning down
( ) 10. Danny thought it would take too long because there were only ______ of them.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
( ) 11. Jenny suggested asking their ______ to help.
A. friends B. classmates C. teachers D. family members
( ) 12. They spent the rest of the afternoon ______ garbage on the beach.
A. giving up B. looking for C. picking up D. throwing away
( ) 13. They took a final swim before ______ the beach.
A. going to B. leaving C. cleaning D. visiting
( ) 14. They felt ______ that they made a difference.
A. tired B. sad C. proud D. worried
( ) 15. The main problem discussed in the conversation is ______.
A. water pollution B. plastic pollution C. air pollution D. noise pollution
二、根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词,共20空,每空1分)
1. Jenny、Danny和Brian正在和家人一起在海滩度假。
Jenny, Danny, and Brian are on a ______ ______ with their families.
2. 他们很兴奋要去海里游泳。
They’re ______ to go for a ______ in the ocean.
3. 我踩到什么东西了,好痛!
I ______ on something and it ______!
4. 是鲨鱼吗?
Is it a ______?
5. 你开玩笑吧。只是一个塑料瓶。
You're ______ me. It’s ______ a plastic bottle.
6. 塑料应该放在垃圾桶里,而不是海里。
Plastic should be in the ______, not in the ______.
7. 我去把这个瓶子扔进回收箱。
I'll go ______ this bottle in the ______ bin.
8. 那边那个人把垃圾留在了海滩上。
That man over there is ______ his ______ on the beach.
9. 这种行为对海洋及其生物有害。
Such ______ is ______ to the ocean and its creatures.
10. 上周我读到一条鲸鱼因误食塑料死亡。
Last week, I ______ that a whale died with plastic bags in its ______.
11. 它的胃里有超过20个塑料袋、一把玩具枪和其他垃圾。
It had more than 20 ______ bags, a toy ______, and other rubbish in its stomach.
12. 总共10公斤。
______ kilos in ______.
13. 如果我们什么都不做,情况会变得更糟。
______ we do ______, the situation will get worse.
14. 清理海滩怎么样?
How about ______ ______ the beach?
15. 我们可以请家人帮忙。
We can ______ our family ______ to help.
16. 他们向家人解释计划,大家都同意帮忙。
They ______ the plan to their family members, and ______ agrees to help.
17. 他们花了一个下午捡垃圾。
They ______ the rest of the afternoon ______ up garbage.
18. 他们捡起瓶子、塑料袋和各种各样的垃圾。
They picked up ______, plastic bags, and all kinds of ______.
19. 离开前他们最后一次游泳。
Before ______, they ______ a final swim.
20. 他们为自己带来了改变而感到自豪。
They feel ______ that they ______ a difference.
【参考答案】
一、单项选择
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B
二、完成句子
1. beach; vacation
2. excited; swim
3. stepped; hurts
4. shark
5. kidding; just
6. bin; sea
7. throw; recycling
8. leaving; garbage
9. behaviour; harmful
10. read; stomach
11. plastic; gun
12. 10; all
13. If; nothing
14. cleaning; up
15. ask; members
16. explain; everyone
17. spent; picking
18. bottles; garbage
19. leaving; took
20. proud; made
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