期末综合冲刺卷·英语(九)-【步步维赢】2025-2026学年高一下学期英语期末综合冲刺卷

高一下学期期末综合冲刺卷·英语（九） (满分：120分) 第一部分听力（略）（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A There is a lot to learn about the creations of Beatrix Potter-not only is she the author and illustrator of one of the world's most famous children's books,The Tale of Peter Rabbit,but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist. 如 "Potter grew up as the daughter of a wealthy Victorian family,but along with her brother who filled an entire floor of their large house in London with all sorts of animals, said Anne Lundin,a retired professor for the UW-Madison School of Library and 金删 Information Studies. "As an adult,she was a frustrated botanical illustrator and scientist.That field was not open to her because she was female,"Lundin said.Potter was urged to turn the charming illustrations and stories she wrote in letters to children into books.She wrote 23 books in all-a body of work that has inspired plays,ballets,films and an astonishing amount of merchandise. ☒ "The Tale of Peter Rabbit is probably the most famous children's book in the world, 部 which was published in 1902 and has really stood the test of time.It's been translated into 36 languages.The parents and grandparents will share it with the next generation,"said Lundin. Potter also made a mark on the world through her land conservation."In many ways, she was like Peter Rabbit,venturing into a world of adventure and risk.She withdrew from London as soon as she started making some money on her books to the Lake District and became an extremely important farmer and conservationist.She preserved and passed on 15 阳 farms and over 4,000 acres,which were given back to the country as gifts in the 20th century,"said Lundin. 翻 "Even though she was born 150 years ago,she was amazingly modern-her embracing of the natural world,"commented Jennifer Blatchley Smith,an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potter's birth. 1.What helped Beatrix Potter to write The Tale of Peter Rabbit successfully? A.Her life and work experiences. B.Her specialty in animated(动画)pictures. 童 C.Her success in becoming a botanical scientist. D.Her interest in animals in childhood alone. 9-1 2.What is Beatrix Potter? A.A botanist and artist. B.An extremely important farmer and successful scientist. C.A writer,conservationist and farmer. D.An artistic director. 3.Why does the author write the article? A.In celebration of Potter's 150th birthday.B.In honour of Potter's new contributions. C.In praise of Potter's spirit of selflessness.D.In support of Potter's book promotions. B Scientists think they have answered a mystery:How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly. A few million years ago,the largest whales,averaged about 15 feet long.Then seemingly overnight,one type of whale,the toothless baleen whale (became huge.Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet.Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum said,"Why is that?""It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye,which makes it harder to figure out what happened,"said Graham Slater,lead author of the study.Their study has suggested an answer:Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it,changing the oceans and food supply for whales. The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales which include blue whales,humpbacks and right whales.Using computer simulations (and knowledge about how evolution works,they concluded that when the size changes started,the poles got colder,ice expanded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted.Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator (and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat. Baleen whales,which have no teeth,feed by eating huge amounts of fish they capture..Toothed whales,like sperm whales(抹香鲸)，hunt individual fish,so the ocean changes that made food less evenly spread out didn't affect them as much.But baleen whales hunt schools of fish. Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it "a really convincing situation".But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue.As oceans warm from man-made climate change,the seas will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving. 4.What does the author mean by "It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye"in the second paragraph? A.The change of baleen whales happened too quickly. B.The change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore. C.Researchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales. D.Researchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant. 9-2 5.What played the key role in baleen whales'becoming huge? A.Man-made climate change. B.Its eating a huge amount of fish. C.The water circulation in the oceans. D.The increase of food supply for whales. 6.What do we know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the text? A.Sperm whales eat more food. B.Blue whales live much longer. C.Sperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish. D.Blue whales usually swallow schools of fish. 7.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.There are no whale fossils now. B.The whales may become even bigger. C.Global warming has threatened the whales. D.Olivier Lamber thinks the study is perfect. C Mark Twain left school when he was twelve.He had little school education.In spite of this,he became the most famous writer of his time.He made millions of dollars by writing. His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens,but he is better known all over the world as Mark Twain,his pen name. Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby.In fact,he was not expected to live through the first winter.But with his mother's tender care,he managed to survive.As a boy,he caused much trouble for his parents.He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbours.He didn't like to go to school,and he constantly ran away from home.He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi River.He was nearly drowned nine times. After his father's death in 1847,Mark Twain began to work for a printer,who only provided him with food and clothing.Then,he worked as a printer,a river-boat pilot and later joined the army.But shortly after that he became a miner.During this period,he started to write short stories.Afterwards he became a full-time writer. In 1870,Mark Twain got married.In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876,and Huckleberry Finn in 1884,which made him famous, and brought him a great fortune. Unfortunately,Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments()and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts.In 1904,his wife died,and then three of their children passed away. At the age of 70,his hair was completely white.He bought many white suits and neckties.He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death on April 21,1910. 9-3 8.Mark Twain left school at 12 to A.work as a miner B.write stories C.join the army D.make a living 9.Which of the following about Mark Twain is NOT true? A.He was not a healthy boy. B.He caused much trouble for his parents. C.He gained lots of money by writing. D.He had a happy childhood but a sad later life. 10. brought him fame and lots of money. A.His works B.His investments C.His printing D.His family 11.The best title of this passage is A.Mark Twain's Works B.Mark Twain's Life C.Mark Twain's Fame D.Mark Twain's Success D The term“liberal bubble”(自由泡沫)suggests that people usually surround themselves with those who hold similar opinions to them.Think about your own social media platforms(社交媒体平台)一who your Facebook friends are,and who you follow on Instagram and Twitter.You probably share a lot of opinions with most,if not all,of them. However,if you're used to everyone agreeing with you all the time,it becomes difficult to have a good conversation with someone who disagrees. The world is full of experiences,realities,and history.It would be naive()to believe that only your views are correct.We should always make space for the possibility that someone who looks different might have something valuable to offer the world. Carefully listening and being curious about different perspectives,in most cases,can help build bridges instead of walls.We all benefit when we listen carefully-even if we finally conclude that we disagree. The world we live in is increasingly divided,especially on social media,which means that for most,the only opinions we hear are ones that agree with our own thoughts.So how can we have productive discussions with people who think differently than us?First,follow people who don't look like you on social media.Follow people with different skills.Follow people of many different nationalities.Just reading their day-to-day thoughts,in addition to seeing their bigger moments,will help you learn about worlds you didn't even know.It'll help you understand where people are coming from when they do or say something you might push back on at the beginning.As far as having productive discussions,don't try to win others over to your side.Just listen to each other.Respect your differences.Another way is to join a club or organization where many people have different views and are willing to debate with love. 9-4 12.What are people very likely to do when communicating on the Internet? A.Ignore views that disagree with theirs. B.Fall into the trap of poor conflicting opinions. C.Follow various friends on different platforms. D.Share their opinions with people who disagree. 13.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2? A.How to make sure your views are correct. B.The reasons why people have different views. C.The importance of being exposed to different views. D.How to communicate with people who disagree. 14.What does a productive discussion mean according to the text? A.The two sides always reach an agreement. B.The other finally agrees with your thoughts. C.You discuss with people who are wiser than you. D.You get valuable information during the discussion. 15.What does the text suggest people do about having productive discussions? A.Keep away from social media. B.Get involved in others'daily lives. C.Avoid expressing your own opinions. D.Realize why people behave in a certain way. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 The beginnings of the Globe Theatre The Globe Theatre is one of the most well-known theatres in the world.In 1996,it was voted for the "best attraction in Europe".However,this version of the Globe,completed in the mid-1990s with funds from the Shakespeare Globe Playhouse Trust,is not the original Globe built in the 1500s. During the 16th century,plays were popular entertainment among all kinds of people from wealthy nobles to the working class.16 Actors performed in small hotels throughout the countryside and in London.James Burbage,an actor and painter,built the first public playhouse in England called The Theatre because it was the first ever built in London.Now the audience could come to the actors rather than the other way around.17 When Burbage died,his sons Cuthbert and Richard took over The Theatre.The land, however,on which the playhouse was built was not owned by Burbage.18 The actors decided they would build their own theatre.They rented land near another theatre,The Rose,and used wood from The Theatre to build the first Globe Theatre.It was here that Shakespeare's famous plays were performed.19 The actors'love for the Globe was so 9-5 strong that when it burned down in 1613,they pooled their own money to rebuild it, making it even better than before with beautiful decorations and details adorning ( the stage.20 A.The Theatre was a huge success. B.This theatre could hold several thousand people! C.Queen Elizabeth I of England had a great love for plays. D.When one enters the Globe Theatre,one is in the greatest theater. E.A man named Giles Allen owned the land and didn't want to rent the land to them. F.Success was immediate and the Globe Theatre was a favorite of audiences and actors. G.Even though this version of the Globe Theatre didn't survive through the century,its influence lives on. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Washoe is a young chimpanzee(黑猩猩).She is no2l chimpanzee,though. Scientists are doing research 22 her.They want to see how civilized (she can 23.Already she can do many things as human being does. For example,she has been learning how to exchange 24 with people.The scientists are teaching her 25 language.When she wants to be picked 26 Washoe points up with one finger.She rubs her teeth with her finger 27 she wants to brush her teeth.This is done after every meal. Washoe has also been trained to find answers to problems.Once she was put in a room with food hanging from the top.It was too high to 28.After she thought about the problem,she got a tall box to stand 29.The food was still too high to be reached. Washoe found a long stick.Then she climbed onto the 30,caught the stick and 31 down the food with the stick. Washoe 32 like a human,too.The scientists keep her in a fully furnished house. After a hard 33 in the lab,she goes home.There she plays with her toys.She 34 watches television before going to bed. Scientists hope to 35 more about people by studying our closest relative-the chimpanzee. 21.A.foolish B.simple C.real D.ordinary 22.A.for B.on C.to D.by 23.A.experience B.change C.produce D.become 24.A.actions B.ideas C.messages D.feelings 25.A.human B.sign C.mother D.animal 26.A.out B.at C.on D.up 27.A.when B.until C.since D.while 9-6 28.A.pull B.see C.eat D.reach 29.A.by B.on C.up D.with 30.A.wall B.box C.top D.stick 31.A.knocked B.picked C.took D.looked 32.A.lives B.works C.thinks D.plays 33.A.task B.lesson C.journey D.day 34.A.quite B.already C.even D.still 35.A.see B.answer C.learn D.copy 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever had the feeling that cannot be understood by anyone?Well,here 36. (come)“Pepper'”,37. could be about to change all that.Pepper is the first robot 38. (read)human feelings.39. (use)its emotion recognition functions(情感识别功能)，Pepper can make jokes,dance and4O. (surprising)it can even sing to people when they are around it. The robot looks like a lovely girl.It is four feet tall with a tablet computer in 41. (it) chest.It has human-like hands,a girl-like body and baby-like voice. Pepper can tell facial expressions,human voices and signs,and then make an answer. Pepper 42. (design)to be a family robot,but it isn't like the household robot in the cartoon.Pepper is used at home or stores,43. we enjoy pleasure and entertainment.It can encourage us and make us laugh and feel 44. (relax). Pepper began to be on sale 45. a price of $2,000 a few years ago.At present, several Peppers are on show at stores for people to watch.Before selling Peppers,the creators want them to store more information in order to get along better with human beings. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是某中学高三学生李华，你的美国朋友John来信说想来你所在的城市一北 京旅游，想让你介绍一下旅游景点，并希望你担任导游。他在信中还问及环境和交通问题， 请你在回信中解答。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear John, I'm very glad that you'll come to our city. Yours, Li Hua 9-7 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为150左右。 From the first day he entered my classroom,Willard P.Frank existed in his own world,shutting out his classmates and me.My attempts at building a friendly relationship with him were met with complete indifference.I could see that his classmates fared no better.Willard was strictly a loner who seemed to have no desire or need to break his silence. Shortly after the Thanksgiving holiday,we received word of the annual Christmas collection of money for the less fortunate people in our school district. "Christmas is a season of giving,"I told my students."There are a few students in the school who might not have a happy holiday season.By contributing to our Christmas collection,you will help buy food,clothing and toys for these needy people.We will start the collection tomorrow. When I called for the contributions the next day,I discovered that almost everyone had forgotten except for Willard P.Frank.The boy dug deep into his pants pockets as he walked slowly to my desk.Carefully,he dropped two quarters into the small container. "I don't need milk for lunch,"he mumbled.For a moment,just a moment,he smiled. Then he turned and walked back to his desk. That night,after school,I took our few contributions to the school principal.I couldn't help sharing the incident that had taken place. "I may be wrong,but I believe Willard might be getting ready to become a part of the world around him,"I told the principal. "Yes,he nodded."And we might do well to have him share a bit of his world with us.I just received a list of the poor families in our school who most need help through the Christmas collection.Here,take a look at it." As I gazed down to read,I discovered Willard P.Frank and his family were the top names on the list.Seeing this,I decided to do something for him. Paragraph 1: On that Sunday,I paid a visit to Willard's family. Paragraph 2: The next day,I had a special class for Willard. 9-84l.which关系代词which引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Saint Mark's Basilica,并在从句中作主语。 42.of thousands of..意为“成千上万的…”。 43.impressed过去分词impressed by...作宾语补足 语，宾语与宾补动作之间是被动关系。 44.covering covering many of Venice's famous areas 是现在分词短语作结果状语（分词动作cover与逻辑 主语之间是主动关系)。 45.to leave be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某 事”。 第四部分写作 第一节 参考范文： Dear Sir/Madam, I'm Li Hua,an 18-year-old student.I'm writing to apply for the position of the English assistant. First,I have a good command of English,which can help me to communicate with foreign customers fluently.Second,attaching importance to helping others,I devote a fair amount of my spare time to voluntary work,because I believe only in this way can I gain experience and foster my responsibility.Lastly,I have the ability to adapt myself to a new working environment. Should you take my application into due consideration,I would offer my best service. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 参考范文： Paragraph 1: One day,3,000 miles away,Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eyes. Curious,he approached to find a silver balloon,with a piece of paper at the end of the string,wrapped in plastic.Taking it home,Wade read the touching lines to his wife Donna. She was deeply moved.With tears in her eyes,Donna decided to help Desiree.The couple went to buy a birthday card and a book of The Little Mermaid,and then she began to write a letter to Desiree. Paragraph 2: Desiree's fifth birthday came and later on the a fternoon,a package arrived.Looking at the unfamiliar return address,Desiree's mother was confused. Suddenly an idea struck her:the balloon!She opened the parcel and found a card with"For a Dear Daughter". Her heart raced.She rushed to Desiree's room and showed her the letter."It's from Daddy!"Desiree jumped with joy,asking her mother to read it for her. "Happy birthday,my little angel!"her mother began.A big tear began to trickle down Desiree's cheek. 高一下学期期未综合冲刺卷·英语（九） 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读 第一节 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物介绍类文章。主要讲述 了Beatrix Potter的故事，Beatrix Potter不仅是一位著 名的作家、插图画家，还是自然环境保护的先驱和植物 学家。由于Potter对世界的贡献，人们至今都在铭 记她。 l.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“she was like Peter Rabbit,venturing into a world of adventure and isk(她像兔子彼得一样，在一个充满冒险和危险的世 界中探险)”可知，Beatrix Potter是以自己在现实中的 生活和工作经历为基础来创作这本书的。故选A。 2.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“not only is she the author and illustrator of one of the world's most famous children's books,The Tale of Peter Rabbit, but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist'”,以及倒数第二段中“became an extremely important farmer and conservationist'”可知，Beatrix Potter是作家、插图画家、自然环境保护者和农民。故 选C。 3.A写作意图题。纵览全文，全篇都在讲述主人公的 生平事迹，再根据最后一段中的“Even though she was born 150 years ago,she was amazingly modern”及“an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potter's birth" 知，这篇文章是为了怀念Potter,为庆祝她150岁诞辰 而写的。故选A。 B 【语篇解读】文章以鲸为例分析了一些海洋动物快速 变大的原因，提出了气候变化引起海洋变化，造成鲸生 存困难的现状，呼吁人们保护环境和动物。 4.A句意理解题。根据下句“which makes it harder to figure out what happened'”可知画线句子指这种变化在 进化的发展中只是昙花一现，形容其速度之快。A项 正好表达了此意。 5.D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段最后 一句和第四段中“But baleen whales hunt schools of fsh.”可知由于海水流向和鲸食物来源的变化，须鲸 能捕获到鱼群，食物增多，体积变大。故选D。 6.D推理判断题。根据第二段中“the toothless baleen whale(须鲸类)became huge.Modern blue whales get as big as 100feet.”和第四段中“Toothed whales,like sperm whales(抹香鲸)，hunt individual fish..But baleen whales hunt schools of fish..”可知sperm whales和blue whales的情况，blue whales属于 baleen whales,能捕获鱼群。故选D。 7.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知气候变 暖引起海洋变化，威胁鲸的生存。故选C。 C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了文坛巨匠马 克·吐温的生平事迹和所取得的成就。 8.D细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，马克·吐温 出生于1835年，由第三段第一句可知，1847年（他12 岁那年)父亲去世后为了维持生计，马克·吐温开始 为印刷商工作。 9.D推理判断题。由第二、三段可知，马克·吐温儿时 患病，父亲早逝，为了生计做工，由此可见他的童年并 不快乐、幸福。故选D项。 10.A细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知，他的作品给 他带来声誉和财富。 11.B主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是马克·吐温的 生平事迹，A、C、D三项不具有概括主旨性。 D 【语篇解读】语篇类型是议论文，主题语境是社会文化」 人们习惯与自己观点一致的人为伍，这种倾向会让人们陷 入思维和见识的局限性。如何与意见不同的人交流？本文 给出了一些建议。 l2.A推理判断题。根据第一段的“You probably share a lot of opinions with most,if not all,of them.”可知，人们往往在社交媒体平台上关注的都 是与自己观点相同的人，即他们习惯于忽视与自己 的观，点不一致的观，点。 13.C推理判断题。阅读第二段可知，本段主要讨论了 倾听不同观点的益处，强调了接触不同观点的重 要性。 14.D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，所谓的具有创 造性的讨论指的就是在讨论的过程中仔细倾听对方 不同的观，点，尊重不同，不在乎讨论的结果。也就是 说，要在讨论中得到有价值的新的信息。 15.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It'll help you understand where people are coming from when they do or say something you might push back on at the beginning.”可知，为了进行具有创造性的讨论，文章 建议人们要理解持有不同观点的人为什么会做一些 或说一些你原本会拒绝的事情，即了解他们为什么 会这样表现。 第二节 【语篇解读】本文主要讲了环球剧场的开始及发展。 16.C细节句。本段的主旨句提到，十六世纪期间，戏剧 是在各种人群中很受欢迎的娱乐形式，从富有的贵族到 工薪阶层都喜欢。C意为“英国的女王伊丽莎白一世对 戏剧特别喜爱”。这是对前一句主旨句的例证，符合 语境。 l7.A总结句。本段讲了The Theatre的受欢迎人群 和情况，此空为总结句，故A符合，意为“The Theatre是个巨大的成功”。 18.E细节句。此空的前一句讲：然而建造这个剧院的 土地不是Burbage本人的。E意为“一个名为Grle Allen的人拥有这块土地并且不想再把地租给他 们”。下文讲人们租用了附近的地方，可知E项符合 语境。 19.F细节句。此空前一句讲：就在这里莎士比亚的著 名戏刷上演。F意为“立刻获得了成功并且环球剧院 成为观众和演员最喜欢的地方”，符合逻辑，故选F。 20.G总结句。前一句讲到环球剧院被烧并重建，此空 为重建后的影响，意为“尽管新建成的环球剧院没有 经过那个世纪保留下来，但它的影响会存在下去。” 故选G项。 第三部分语言运用 第一节 【语篇解读】黑猩猩和人类有很近的关系。科学家们 想通过研究黑猩猩从而更好地了解人类。他们做了一 系列的实验来证明黑猩猩和人一样有很强的模仿能力。 21.D突出猩猩的不一般。 22.B do research on意思是“对…做出研究”。 23.D经过驯化，猩猩会有什么转变。 24.C语言的主要作用是交流信息。 25.B下文提到的都是有关sign language的。 26.D pick up意思是“抱起，捡起”。 27.A跟上句when引导的状语从句相对应。 28.D reach有“够到、到达”的意思。 29.B为了够到东西，猩猩要站到上面。 30.B从前句推知，猩猩爬到箱子上。 31.A猩猩准备用棒子敲一下食物。 32.A下文提到的都是有关猩猩生活方面的情况，故选 lives。 33.D要让猩猩适应住在有家具的房子里，必须训练一 段时间。从时间段来看，用day好。 34.C经过训练，猩猩甚至在睡前看电视。 35.C learn有“了解、学会”的意思。 第二节 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了第一款能 理解人类情感的机器人，并介绍了这款机器人的外形、 识别功能等。 36.comes考查倒装。句意：Pepper来了，这可能会改 变这一切。这一句是here引导的倒装句：Here十 come(或be等)十主语，主语Pepper是单数，谓语动 词come用单数第三人称形式，且句子为一般现 在时。 37.which考查定语从句。句意：Pepper来了，这可能 会改变这一切。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定 语从句，从句缺少主语，故填which。 38.to read考查非谓语动词。句意：Pepper是第一个 读懂人类情感的机器人。名词前面有序数词或形容 词最高级修饰时，该非谓语动词一般使用不定式结 构作后置定语，名词robot前有序数词the first修 饰，所以read用不定式结构。 39.Using考查非谓语动词。句意：利用它的情感识别 功能，Pepper可以开玩笑、跳舞，令人惊讶的是，它甚 至可以给周围的人唱歌。句子主千“Pepper can make jokes'”与动词use之间有逗号，但没有连词，又 因use和Pepper是逻辑上的主动关系，故用其现在 分词形式。 4O.surprisingly考查词性转换。句意同上。这里用副 词修饰句子。 4l.ts考查代词。句意：它有四英尺高，胸部有一台平 板电脑。分析句子可知，句子的主语t指代机器人 Pepper,空格后chest是名词，这里指机器人的胸部， 所以用形容词物主代词来修饰。 42.is designed考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意： Pepper被设计成一个家庭机器人，但它不像漫画中 的家庭机器人。根据文章可知，Pepper是机器人，它 和动词design是被动关系，根据but引导的从句的 时态可知，用一般现在时。 43.where考查定语从句。句意：Pepper是在家里或商 店里使用的，在那里我们享受快乐和娱乐。分析句 子可知，定语从句空格处缺少状语，先行词是home or stores,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。 44.relaxed考查词性转换。句意：它可以鼓励我们，让 我们开怀大笑，感到放松。句中的feel是感官动词， 后面用形容词。 45.at考查介词。句意：几年前，Pepper开始以2000 美元的价格出售。固定搭配“at a price of(以…的 价格)”符合句意。 第四部分写作 第一节 参考范文： Dear John, I'm very glad that you'll come to our city.I will act as your guide during your stay here. There are many places of interest in and around Beijing City,such as the Great Wall,one of the Seven Wonders in the world and the Forbidden City,which has a history of over six hundred years.There we can enjoy delicious food,traditional cultures and customs. As for the environmental problems, the government has taken strong measures to protect the environment.For example,restricting the number of private cars and encouraging public buses and subway not only prevent the traffic jam but also greatly benefit the environment.I really wish you a pleasant stay here. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 参考范文： Paragraph 1: On that Sunday,I paid a visit to Willard's family.On entering his house,I was surprised to find a barely empty room with only a broken bed and a dirty second-hand sofa.Willard told me that his mother died a few years ago and that his father was missing,leaving him to live with a sick grandma.When asked why he had given the two quarters,Willard mumbled,"There are people poorer than me,so I just want to do some help by contributing my milk money."Hearing his words,I couldn't help bursting into tears.I thought I should help him break his silence. Paragraph 2: The next day,I had a special class for Willard.I shared his story with the whole class and said,"Now, on behalf of the people in need,I should say thank you, Willard.You are great!"After a silence,all the students clapped,saying,"Willard,you are great! Willard,you are great!"and they walked slowly to him and hugged him tightly.A friendly relationship was built and Willard's silence was broken by a smile on his face. 高一下学期期末综合冲刺卷·英语（十） 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读 第一节 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几本不同的书的 信息。 1.A细节理解题。根据本题设问谁写的书能教你做饭 可知，是Martha Stewart。故选A。 2.C细节理解题。Mighty Jack这本书讲述了小男孩Jack 的奇妙生活经历，如果读者想看这本书，需要支付$14. 15。故选C。 3.D细节理解题。根据Zeroes by Scott Westerfeld, Margo Lanagan,Deborah Biancotti可知，Zeroes是由 三位作家一起完成的，故选D。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了最年长的女 宇航员纪录保持者Peggy Whitson在太空的体验以及她 积极向上的心态。 4.B词义猜测题。根据第三段中Whitson的话可知， 她认为人们不应该被年龄所击败，以57岁“高龄”进 行太空飞行是一件很正常的事情，因此她对自己创下 的纪录并不感到惊讶。由此可知画线词义为“平常 的”。故选B。 5.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“breaking the record last November when she began her third long- term stay at the International Space Station.After returning home in September,2017”可知，从2016年 11月到2017年9月，Peggy Whitson在国际空间站待 了300天左右的时间。故选A。 6.D细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知，2017年 Peggy Whitson57岁，她在42岁和48岁时也进行过 太空飞行，由此可知这两次飞行分别发生在2002年 和2008年。故选D。 7.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Idon't think people should let age discourage them,even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness. 知，Peggy Whitson认为人们不应被年龄所击败，即使 是从事那些对身体健康状况有一定要求的工作。由 此可知她会说当你老了的时候，你也可以做一些需要 体力的事情。故选A。 C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了章 鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。 8.A细节理解题。从第一段中的“Traditionally,robots have been hard,made of metal”以及“has managed to build an entirely soft robot-one that draws inspiration from an octopus”可知，机器人Octobot最特殊的特，点是 柔软。故选A项。 9.D细节理解题。分析第二段倒数第一、二句可知，传 统机器人的缺点是：在糟糕的地形或者不可预知的情 况下，表现不是那么好；对人类不是特别安全。因此， D项（它们不能一直表现得很好）符合题意。故选 D项。 10.D细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的“it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts,such as a source of power'”可知，最大 的挑战之一是制造机器人Octobot的柔性电源。故选 D项。 11.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句 "Although soft robotics is still in its early stage,it holds great promise for several applications,such as search-rescue operations and exploration”可推知，机 器人Octobot还没有应用到搜救领域。故选B项。 D l2.B词义猜测题。画线部分前一句提到“And those benefits include a longer life..”每周锻炼几次的益处 包括长寿，所以该句指的是每周锻炼是可以降低死 亡风险的。A.Ioss失去：B.Death死亡：C.Sadness 难过；D.Failure失败。故B选项正确。 l3.D细节理解题。由文中第二段的“The World Health Organization recommends that adults perform two and a half hours of moderate-intensity (中等强度的)physical exercise,or an hour and25 minutes of more energetic exercise per week.”以及 倒数第二段的“Weekend warrior'exercise sessions are usually 75-minute energetic workouts,according to the study.”可知，这些weekend warriors要比那 些每周锻炼几次的人更精力充沛，强度更大，才能获 得益处，才能够有效。故D选项正确。 l4.B推理判断题。根据文中倒数第三段的“The lower risks of cardiovascular disease and overall death were similar to the risks of people who worked out regularly over the week.”可知，每周进行一次高强度的锻炼与一 周进行几次规律的锻炼的效果是相似的。故B选项 正确。 15.A推理判断题。根据文中最后一段的“So,if you are just too busy on weekdays,let go of the guilt( )Just make sure to hit the gym hard at weekends.”可知，并不是只有周末锻炼就没有用，事 实上，周末鞭炼对健康也能起到很大的作用。故A 选项正确。