Unit 4 Living with technoogy（知识清单）英语译林版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语单元知识清单围绕“科技与生活”主题，系统整合词汇、语法、写作三大核心模块，通过阅读词汇与写作词汇分类、词汇变形与短语归纳分层、将来进行时语法精讲与写作框架构建，搭建从语言基础到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以“分类关联”构建知识体系，如词汇变形模块标注“analyse→analysis→analyses”等词性变化并附助记口诀，语法部分设计“一般将来时与将来进行时对比表”突出思维品质培养。写作任务提供“现状描述-科技介绍-未来期许”框架及范文，助力语言能力提升，易错点训练与练习题设计方便学生自主检测，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂效率。

Unit 4 Living with technology 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. 人工智能 2. 深度学习 3. 面部识别技术 4. 虚拟现实 5. 时间胶囊 6. 自动驾驶汽车 7. 家用机器人 8. 推荐系统 9. 身份盗窃 10. 配送无人机 11. 载客无人机 12. 沉浸式环境 13. 太阳系 14. 机器人手术 15. 世界博览会 16. 数据库 17. 虚拟现实头显 18. 感官信息 19. 数字公民 20. 网络安全 二、写作词汇： 1. 快速地 2. 略举几例 3. 能够；有能力做 4. 成为…… 的受害者 5. 对…… 构成威胁 6. 处于…… 的最前沿 7. 许多；大量 8. 归结为 9. 以…… 为代价 10. 得到广泛应用 11. 应用于 12. 提出 13. 改变我们的生活方式 14. 导致；带来 15. 跟上…… 的步伐 三、词汇变形： 1. vt. 分析 → n. 分析 → adj. 分析的 → n. 分析师 2. adj. 智能的；聪明的 → n. 智力；智能 → adv. 智能地 3. v. 发展；开发 → n. 发展 → n. 开发者 4. vt. 预言；预告 → n. 预测 → adj. 可预测的 → adj. 不可预测的 5. vt. 危及；威胁 → n. 威胁 → adj. 威胁性的 6. vi. 存在 → n. 存在 → adj. 现存的；现有的 7. vi.&vt. 应用；申请 → n. 应用；申请 → n. 申请人 → adj. 应用的 8. adj. 有能力的 → n. 能力；容量 → adj. 无能力的 9. adj. 虚拟的；事实上的 → adv. 事实上；几乎 → vt. 虚拟化 10. vt.&vi. 吸引；参与 → n. 参与；约定 → adj. 吸引人的 11. v.&n. 进步；前进 → adj. 先进的 → n. 进展；提升 12. vt. 创造 → n. 创造 → adj. 有创造力的 → n. 创造者 13. n. 技术 → adj. 技术的 → n. 技术专家 14. v. 争论；认为 → n. 争论；论点 → adj. 可论证的 四、拓展词汇 1. 大数据 2. 云计算 3. 数字化转型 4. 科技创新 5. 信息技术 6. 智能家居 7. 5G 技术 8. 机器翻译 9. 机械假肢 10. 可持续发展 五、熟词生义 1. coin n. 生义：vt. 2. spell v. 生义：vt. 3. castle n. 生义：n. 4. capacity n. 生义：n. 5. network n. 生义：n. ；v. 6. pose v. 生义：vt. 7. monitor n. 生义：vt. 8. highlight n. 生义：vt. 9. bury v. 生义：vt. 10. fountain n. 生义：n. ；v. 六、重点短语归纳 1. 空想；建空中楼阁 2. 快速地 3. 略举几例 4. 成为…… 的受害者 5. 对…… 构成威胁 6. 处于…… 的最前沿 7. 许多；大量 8. 归结为 9. 以…… 为代价 10. 得到广泛应用 11. 应用于…… 领域 12. 提出（观点、建议） 13. 强行闯入；撬开 14. 暗中监视；窥探 15. 吸引某人的兴趣 写作 句型 1. Given the rate at which AI is being developed, such dreams may actually come true in the future. 考虑到人工智能的发展速度，这样的梦想未来或许真的会实现。 2. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history, as AI is transforming the way we live. 显然，我们正处在历史的转折点，人工智能正在改变我们的生活方式。 3. While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. 尽管人工智能爱好者向我们承诺光明的未来，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧与恐惧。 4. Not only can VR be used in education, but it also plays an important role in medical treatment. 译文：虚拟现实不仅可应用于教育，还在医疗领域发挥着重要作用。 5. The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of information technology around the world. 过去几十年见证了全球信息技术的飞速发展。 6. It can be predicted that drones will come into wider use in various fields in the near future. 译文：可以预见，无人机在不久的将来会在各个领域得到更广泛的应用。 7. What excites people most is that technology is making our lives more convenient and colorful. 最让人振奋的是，科技正让我们的生活更加便捷多彩。 语法 将来进行时（Future continuous tense） 写作 写一封给 2050 年未来人的信（现状描述 - 科技产品介绍 - 未来期许） 一、知识点精讲 1. analyse vt. 分析 Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers. 深度学习人工智能能够通过多层结构分析海量数据。 【词汇拓展】 ① analysis n. 分析（复数 analyses） ② analytical adj. 分析的 ③ data analysis 数据分析 【易错提醒】 名词复数形式为 analyses，为不规则变化，类似词还有 basis → bases。 2. capacity n. 领悟能力；容量；生产量 AI systems have the capacity to learn from experience and adjust to new inputs. 人工智能系统具备从经验中学习、适应新输入的能力。 【词汇搭配】 ① have the capacity to do sth 有能力做某事 ② production capacity 生产能力 ③ storage capacity 存储容量 【易混辨析】 capacity 侧重非生命物体的容纳、处理能力，也可指人的潜在能力 capability 侧重人的实际办事能力、技能水平 ability 通用词，指人做事的能力，后常接不定式 3. breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破 adj. 突破性的 A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue beat the world chess champion. 1997 年，“深蓝” 击败国际象棋世界冠军，这是人工智能领域的重大突破。 【词汇搭配】 ① make a breakthrough 取得突破 ② a breakthrough in ... …… 方面的突破 ③ breakthrough technology 突破性技术 【词汇拓展】 break through 突破；冲破 4. pose vt. 造成；产生；提问 vi. 摆姿势 n. 姿势 Some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能进步带来的风险。 【词汇搭配】 ① pose a threat/danger/risk 构成威胁 ② pose a question 提出问题 ③ pose for a photo 摆姿势拍照 5. threaten vt. 危及；对…… 构成威胁；恐吓 Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? 会思考的机器会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？ 【词汇拓展】 ① threat n. 威胁 ② threatening adj. 威胁性的 ③ pose a threat to 对…… 构成威胁 【词汇搭配】 threaten to do sth 威胁要做某事 6. apply vi.&vt. 应用；申请；适用 Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art. 如今，人工智能已应用于金融、医疗、机器翻译、艺术等诸多领域。 【词汇拓展】 ① application n. 应用；申请 ② applicant n. 申请人 ③ applied adj. 应用的 【易混辨析】 apply for 申请（职位、学校等） apply to 应用于；适用于 apply...to... 把…… 应用于…… 7. at the forefront of 处于…… 的最前沿 You've been working at the forefront of developments in virtual reality for many years. 多年来你一直奋战在虚拟现实技术发展的最前沿。 【同义短语】 in the front rank of, take the lead in 【词汇拓展】 forefront n. 最前沿；最重要的位置 8. a host of 许多；大量 There are a host of educational applications of virtual reality. 虚拟现实有大量的教育应用场景。 【易混辨析】 a host of 后接可数名词复数，强调数量众多 a great deal of 后接不可数名词 a number of 后接可数名词复数，通用表达 9. boil down to 归结为；基本问题是 It really boils down to three things: time, cost and technical limitations. 这其实可以归结为三个问题：时间、成本和技术局限。 【用法说明】 主语通常为问题、情况等抽象名词，后接名词或名词短语。 【同义短语】 come down to, be summed up as 10. engage vt.&vi. 吸引（注意力）；雇用；参与 This new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency. 这种新型学习方式能够激发学生的兴趣，提升学习效率。 【词汇拓展】 ① engagement n. 参与；约定 ② engaging adj. 吸引人的 ③ engage in 参与；从事 二、核心语法精讲 基本结构 将来进行时 肯定式：will + be + 现在分词 否定式：will + not + be + 现在分词 疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 核心用法 ① 表示将来某一特定时刻或时间段内，动作正在进行，强调将来的进行状态。 This time tomorrow, I will be giving a talk on artificial intelligence. 明天这个时候，我将正在做一场关于人工智能的讲座。 ② 表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作，带有预测、期待的意味。 We will be interacting with drones on a daily basis in the near future. 在不久的将来，我们每天都会和无人机打交道。 ③ 用于礼貌地询问对方的计划、打算，语气比一般将来时更委婉。 Will you be visiting the science exhibition next month? 你下个月会去参观科技展吗？ 易混辨析：一般将来时 vs 将来进行时 时态 核心含义 侧重点 时间标志 一般将来时 将来要发生的动作或存在的状态 强调动作的发生、结果 tomorrow, next week, in the future 将来进行时 将来某一时刻正在进行的动作 强调动作的过程、进行状态 this time tomorrow, at 8 next Monday 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作话题为 “给未来的人写一封信”，属于想象类应用文，要求描述当下生活、介绍代表性科技产品、表达对未来的期许，考查细节描写能力与情感表达，兼顾说明与抒情，是高考应用文书信类的创新考法。 2. 写作框架 开头段：问候未来的读者，点明写信的时代背景，引出话题。 主体段： ① 描述当下的生活面貌，介绍我们这个时代的代表性科技产品（如智能手机、人工智能、VR 技术）； ② 说明科技如何改变了我们的学习、工作与生活方式； ③ 表达对未来的好奇与疑问。 结尾段：写下对未来的期许与祝愿，表达对人类科技发展的信心。 3. 写作素材 开头表达 I'm writing this letter to you from the year 2025, a time when technology is developing at an amazing pace. Greetings from the past! I wonder what the world looks like in your time. 科技描述 Artificial intelligence has been applied in many fields, making our daily lives much more convenient. Virtual reality technology is transforming the way we learn and entertain ourselves. Smart phones have become an essential part of our life, connecting people across the globe. 未来期许 I hope that technology in your time has solved many of the problems we are facing today. I believe future generations will live in a better world with more advanced and human-friendly technology. I'm curious about whether people have travelled further into space or found more renewable energy sources. 结尾升华 No matter how much time passes, the human desire to explore and create never fades. May the world in 2050 be a warmer, wiser and more wonderful place. 4. 范文背诵 A Letter to People in 2050 Dear friends in 2050, I'm writing this letter to you from the year 2025. I often wonder what the world is like in your time, so I'd like to tell you something about life here and share my hopes for the future. We are now living in an age of rapid technological development. Artificial intelligence has come into widespread use: it helps us translate languages, recommend information and even assist doctors in operations. Virtual reality technology is also developing fast, allowing students to learn in immersive environments and giving people new forms of entertainment. Smart phones connect us with the whole world, making long-distance communication effortless. However, we also face challenges such as cyber security risks and worries about whether AI will get out of control. I hope that by 2050, technology has become more human-friendly. I wish you have found cleaner energy, cured more diseases and made space travel common. I believe that no matter how advanced technology becomes, the warmth of humanity will always be the most precious thing. May you live in a peaceful and wonderful world. Yours sincerely, A teenager from 2025 易错点 01一般将来时与将来进行时的误用 【一句话辨异】Tomorrow I will attend a lecture on AI, and this time tomorrow I will be listening to the speech. 明天我要去听一场人工智能讲座，明天这个时候我正在听演讲。 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别： 一般将来时强调将来动作 “会发生”；将来进行时强调将来某一时刻动作 “正在进行”。 2. 判断方法： ① 看时间标志：有具体将来时刻（this time tomorrow, at 9 next Monday）用将来进行时；笼统将来时间（tomorrow, next year）用一般将来时。 ② 看语气：委婉询问计划、安排时，常用将来进行时。 【对点训练】 1. — Can I call you at 8 o'clock tomorrow evening? — I'm afraid not. I ______ an important meeting then. A. will attend B. will be attending C. am attending 2. Scientists predict that drones ______ wider use in daily life in the next decade. A. will find B. will be finding C. have found 易错点02 analyse名词形式与复数变化错误 【助记口诀】 analyse 动词 “分析”，名词 analysis，复数 analyses，单复数同尾不同音。 【错因辨析】 动词：analyse（英式）/analyze（美式） 名词单数：analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ 名词复数：analyses /əˈnæləsiːz/ 【对点训练】 1. After careful ______ (analyse), the scientists drew a surprising conclusion. 2. The report includes several detailed ______ (analyse) of the data. 易错点 03 capacity与 capability词义混淆 【一句话辨异】The machine has the capacity to process huge amounts of data, and the engineer has the capability to operate it well. 这台机器具备处理海量数据的性能，而这位工程师有能力操作好它。 【错因辨析】 capacity 侧重事物的容纳、处理、生产能力，也可指人的潜在接受能力。 capability 侧重人具备的实际技能、办事能力。 【对点训练】 1. The new AI system has a larger processing ______ than the old one. A. capability B. capacity C. ability 一、默写重点单词 1.___________ n. 智力；智能 2. ___________ vt. 分析 3. ___________ n. 突破；重大进展 4. ___________ vt. 造成；产生；摆姿势 5. ___________ vt. 威胁；危及 6. ___________ n. 能力；容量 7. ___________ adj. 虚拟的；事实上的 8. ___________ vt.&vi. 应用；申请 9. ___________ vt. 预测；预言 10. __________ vi. 存在 二、词汇运用 1. The rapid ______ (develop) of technology is changing our way of life. 2. The new system is ______ (apply) in many fields successfully. 3. It is ______ (predict) that VR will become more common in daily life. 4. There are many ______ (engage) activities in the science museum. 5. The invention of the computer was a ______ (revolution) breakthrough. 6. We should treat technological advances in a ______ (reason) way. 三、重点句型 1. ________________________ we are at a turning point in human history. 显然，我们正处在人类历史的转折点。 2. ________________________, these benefits also bring about new challenges. 尽管科技给我们带来了便利，但也带来了新的挑战。 3. ________________________ AI will play an even more important role in the future. 可以预见，人工智能在未来将发挥更重要的作用。 四、课文语法填空 Artificial intelligence is developing 1.______ a very rapid pace. It is a branch of computer science that aims 2.______ (create) intelligent machines. Deep learning, one of the approaches to AI, 3.______ (enable) machines to learn from experience. The dream of AI 4.______ (be) around for centuries. In 1956, the term "artificial intelligence" 5.______ (coin). Then in 1997, Deep Blue's victory marked a major breakthrough in AI history. Nowadays, AI 6.______ (apply) in many fields, from finance to health care. 7.______ AI brings us great convenience, it also raises concerns. Some scientists warn that too much dependence on AI may pose a threat 8.______ human society. Stephen Hawking once warned that full AI could spell the end of the human race. 9.______ (obvious), we need to treat AI rationally. We should make sure that technology develops 10.______ (benefit) human beings, not the other way around. 五、阅读理解 A Artificial intelligence, or AI, is no longer just a concept in science fiction. It has become part of our daily life in many ways. When you open a shopping app, the products it recommends are chosen by AI. When you use a translation tool, AI is helping you understand foreign languages. Even the voice assistant on your phone is a simple form of AI. AI works by processing huge amounts of data and learning from patterns. Deep learning, a key technology in modern AI, allows machines to improve themselves through experience, just like humans do. This makes AI smarter and more useful over time. However, AI also brings worries. Many people fear that AI will take away human jobs, as machines can do many tasks faster and more accurately. There are also ethical questions: if an AI makes a mistake, who should be responsible? And can machines truly think and feel like humans? Despite these concerns, most experts believe AI will make our lives better. It can help solve big problems like climate change and disease. The key is to develop AI in a responsible way, making sure it works for the good of all people. 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. How AI works and what deep learning is. B. Why AI is so popular nowadays. C. What problems AI has brought. D. How AI changes people's jobs. 2. Which of the following is NOT a concern about AI? A. Job losses for humans. B. Ethical problems. C. High cost of development. D. Whether machines can think. 3. What is the experts' attitude towards AI according to the text? A. Completely negative. B. Positive but cautious. C. Totally optimistic. D. Uninterested. B Virtual reality, or VR, is a technology that creates a fully digital environment. When you wear a VR headset, you feel like you are inside another world. You can see, hear and even feel things that are not really there. This amazing effect is called "presence". VR has many exciting uses. In education, it lets students visit ancient cities, explore the solar system or even walk inside the human body. Learning becomes more interesting and memorable. In medicine, VR helps surgeons practise operations before they treat real patients. It also helps treat people with anxiety and phobias. In entertainment, VR games give players a totally new experience. However, VR still faces many challenges. First, it costs a lot of money, so most people cannot afford a good VR headset. Second, some people feel sick when using VR for a long time. Third, the technology still has limits: the virtual world is not always as real as we want. Even so, the future of VR looks bright. With 5G technology and better hardware, VR will become cheaper and more realistic. Many experts believe VR will be as common as smartphones in the future. 4. What does “presence” mean in the first paragraph? A. The feeling of being inside the virtual world. B. The high quality of VR headsets. C. The wide use of VR technology. D. The cost of VR products. 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an application of VR? A. Education. B. Medicine. C. Entertainment. D. Traffic control. 6. What is one challenge of VR technology? A. It is too difficult to learn. B. It may make people feel sick. C. It cannot be used for medical treatment. D. It is not popular among young people. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Virtual Reality B. Virtual Reality: Applications and Challenges C. How VR Headsets Work D. VR Games and Entertainment 六、七选五 Technology has changed our lives greatly in recent years. 1.______ But is technology always good for us? On the one hand, technology makes our lives much easier. 2.______ We can talk to people far away in an instant, and we can get all kinds of information online. Medical technology also helps cure more diseases and save more lives. On the other hand, technology has its downsides. 3.______ Many people spend too much time on their phones and lose touch with real life. There are also risks of cyber crime and identity theft. 4.______ First, we should learn to use technology in a reasonable way. Second, we need to make rules to make sure technology is used safely. 5.______ Technology itself is neither good nor bad. It is how we use it that matters. If we use it wisely, it will make our world a better place. A. So what should we do about it? B. Smart phones and the Internet are everywhere. C. Almost every part of our life has been changed. D. Too much technology can also bring problems. E. Technology will disappear from our life one day. F. In my opinion, we should treat technology correctly. G. There is no need to worry about technological progress. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Living with technology 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能 2. deep learning 深度学习 3. facial recognition technology 面部识别技术 4. virtual reality (VR) 虚拟现实 5. time capsule 时间胶囊 6. autonomous vehicles 自动驾驶汽车 7. domestic robots 家用机器人 8. recommendation systems 推荐系统 9. identity theft 身份盗窃 10. delivery drones 配送无人机 11. passenger drones 载客无人机 12. immersive environment 沉浸式环境 13. solar system 太阳系 14. robotic surgery 机器人手术 15. World’s Fair 世界博览会 16. database 数据库 17. VR headset 虚拟现实头显 18. sensory information 感官信息 19. digital citizens 数字公民 20. cyber security 网络安全 二、写作词汇： 1. at a rapid pace 快速地 2. to name but a few 略举几例 3. be capable of 能够；有能力做 4. fall victim to 成为…… 的受害者 5. pose a threat to 对…… 构成威胁 6. at the forefront of 处于…… 的最前沿 7. a host of 许多；大量 8. boil down to 归结为 9. at the expense of 以…… 为代价 10. come into widespread use 得到广泛应用 11. be applied in 应用于 12. put forward 提出 13. transform the way we live 改变我们的生活方式 14. lead to 导致；带来 15. keep pace with 跟上…… 的步伐 三、词汇变形： 1. analyse vt. 分析 → analysis n. 分析 → analytical adj. 分析的 → analyst n. 分析师 2. intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的 → intelligence n. 智力；智能 → intelligently adv. 智能地 3. develop v. 发展；开发 → development n. 发展 → developer n. 开发者 4. predict vt. 预言；预告 → prediction n. 预测 → predictable adj. 可预测的 → unpredictable adj. 不可预测的 5. threaten vt. 危及；威胁 → threat n. 威胁 → threatening adj. 威胁性的 6. exist vi. 存在 → existence n. 存在 → existing adj. 现存的；现有的 7. apply vi.&vt. 应用；申请 → application n. 应用；申请 → applicant n. 申请人 → applied adj. 应用的 8. capable adj. 有能力的 → capacity n. 能力；容量 → incapable adj. 无能力的 9. virtual adj. 虚拟的；事实上的 → virtually adv. 事实上；几乎 → virtualize vt. 虚拟化 10. engage vt.&vi. 吸引；参与 → engagement n. 参与；约定 → engaging adj. 吸引人的 11. advance v.&n. 进步；前进 → advanced adj. 先进的 → advancement n. 进展；提升 12. create vt. 创造 → creation n. 创造 → creative adj. 有创造力的 → creator n. 创造者 13. technology n. 技术 → technological adj. 技术的 → technologist n. 技术专家 14. argue v. 争论；认为 → argument n. 争论；论点 → arguable adj. 可论证的 四、拓展词汇 1. big data 大数据 2. cloud computing 云计算 3. digital transformation 数字化转型 4. technological innovation 科技创新 5. information technology 信息技术 6. smart home 智能家居 7. 5G technology 5G 技术 8. machine translation 机器翻译 9. robotic limbs 机械假肢 10. sustainable development 可持续发展 五、熟词生义 1. coin n. 硬币 生义：vt. 创造（新词语） 2. spell v. 拼写 生义：vt. 意味着；招致（灾祸） 3. castle n. 城堡 生义：n. 空想 4. capacity n. 容量 生义：n. 领悟能力；办事能力 5. network n. 网络 生义：n. 人际关系网；v. 建立人脉 6. pose v. 摆姿势 生义：vt. 造成；产生（问题、威胁） 7. monitor n. 班长；显示器 生义：vt. 监视；监测 8. highlight n. 最精彩部分 生义：vt. 突出；强调 9. bury v. 埋葬 生义：vt. 埋藏；专心于 10. fountain n. 喷泉 生义：n. 源泉；v. 喷射 六、重点短语归纳 1. build castles in the air 空想；建空中楼阁 2. at a rapid pace 快速地 3. to name but a few 略举几例 4. fall victim to 成为…… 的受害者 5. pose a threat to 对…… 构成威胁 6. at the forefront of 处于…… 的最前沿 7. a host of 许多；大量 8. boil down to 归结为 9. at the expense of 以…… 为代价 10. come into widespread use 得到广泛应用 11. be applied in 应用于…… 领域 12. put forward 提出（观点、建议） 13. break into 强行闯入；撬开 14. spy on 暗中监视；窥探 15. engage one’s interest 吸引某人的兴趣 写作 句型 1. Given the rate at which AI is being developed, such dreams may actually come true in the future. 考虑到人工智能的发展速度，这样的梦想未来或许真的会实现。 2. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history, as AI is transforming the way we live. 显然，我们正处在历史的转折点，人工智能正在改变我们的生活方式。 3. While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. 尽管人工智能爱好者向我们承诺光明的未来，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧与恐惧。 4. Not only can VR be used in education, but it also plays an important role in medical treatment. 译文：虚拟现实不仅可应用于教育，还在医疗领域发挥着重要作用。 5. The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of information technology around the world. 过去几十年见证了全球信息技术的飞速发展。 6. It can be predicted that drones will come into wider use in various fields in the near future. 译文：可以预见，无人机在不久的将来会在各个领域得到更广泛的应用。 7. What excites people most is that technology is making our lives more convenient and colorful. 最让人振奋的是，科技正让我们的生活更加便捷多彩。 语法 将来进行时（Future continuous tense） 写作 写一封给 2050 年未来人的信（现状描述 - 科技产品介绍 - 未来期许） 一、知识点精讲 1. analyse vt. 分析 Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers. 深度学习人工智能能够通过多层结构分析海量数据。 【词汇拓展】 ① analysis n. 分析（复数 analyses） ② analytical adj. 分析的 ③ data analysis 数据分析 【易错提醒】 名词复数形式为 analyses，为不规则变化，类似词还有 basis → bases。 2. capacity n. 领悟能力；容量；生产量 AI systems have the capacity to learn from experience and adjust to new inputs. 人工智能系统具备从经验中学习、适应新输入的能力。 【词汇搭配】 ① have the capacity to do sth 有能力做某事 ② production capacity 生产能力 ③ storage capacity 存储容量 【易混辨析】 capacity 侧重非生命物体的容纳、处理能力，也可指人的潜在能力 capability 侧重人的实际办事能力、技能水平 ability 通用词，指人做事的能力，后常接不定式 3. breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破 adj. 突破性的 A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue beat the world chess champion. 1997 年，“深蓝” 击败国际象棋世界冠军，这是人工智能领域的重大突破。 【词汇搭配】 ① make a breakthrough 取得突破 ② a breakthrough in ... …… 方面的突破 ③ breakthrough technology 突破性技术 【词汇拓展】 break through 突破；冲破 4. pose vt. 造成；产生；提问 vi. 摆姿势 n. 姿势 Some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能进步带来的风险。 【词汇搭配】 ① pose a threat/danger/risk 构成威胁 ② pose a question 提出问题 ③ pose for a photo 摆姿势拍照 5. threaten vt. 危及；对…… 构成威胁；恐吓 Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? 会思考的机器会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？ 【词汇拓展】 ① threat n. 威胁 ② threatening adj. 威胁性的 ③ pose a threat to 对…… 构成威胁 【词汇搭配】 threaten to do sth 威胁要做某事 6. apply vi.&vt. 应用；申请；适用 Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art. 如今，人工智能已应用于金融、医疗、机器翻译、艺术等诸多领域。 【词汇拓展】 ① application n. 应用；申请 ② applicant n. 申请人 ③ applied adj. 应用的 【易混辨析】 apply for 申请（职位、学校等） apply to 应用于；适用于 apply...to... 把…… 应用于…… 7. at the forefront of 处于…… 的最前沿 You've been working at the forefront of developments in virtual reality for many years. 多年来你一直奋战在虚拟现实技术发展的最前沿。 【同义短语】 in the front rank of, take the lead in 【词汇拓展】 forefront n. 最前沿；最重要的位置 8. a host of 许多；大量 There are a host of educational applications of virtual reality. 虚拟现实有大量的教育应用场景。 【易混辨析】 a host of 后接可数名词复数，强调数量众多 a great deal of 后接不可数名词 a number of 后接可数名词复数，通用表达 9. boil down to 归结为；基本问题是 It really boils down to three things: time, cost and technical limitations. 这其实可以归结为三个问题：时间、成本和技术局限。 【用法说明】 主语通常为问题、情况等抽象名词，后接名词或名词短语。 【同义短语】 come down to, be summed up as 10. engage vt.&vi. 吸引（注意力）；雇用；参与 This new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency. 这种新型学习方式能够激发学生的兴趣，提升学习效率。 【词汇拓展】 ① engagement n. 参与；约定 ② engaging adj. 吸引人的 ③ engage in 参与；从事 二、核心语法精讲 基本结构 将来进行时 肯定式：will + be + 现在分词 否定式：will + not + be + 现在分词 疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 核心用法 ① 表示将来某一特定时刻或时间段内，动作正在进行，强调将来的进行状态。 This time tomorrow, I will be giving a talk on artificial intelligence. 明天这个时候，我将正在做一场关于人工智能的讲座。 ② 表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作，带有预测、期待的意味。 We will be interacting with drones on a daily basis in the near future. 在不久的将来，我们每天都会和无人机打交道。 ③ 用于礼貌地询问对方的计划、打算，语气比一般将来时更委婉。 Will you be visiting the science exhibition next month? 你下个月会去参观科技展吗？ 易混辨析：一般将来时 vs 将来进行时 时态 核心含义 侧重点 时间标志 一般将来时 将来要发生的动作或存在的状态 强调动作的发生、结果 tomorrow, next week, in the future 将来进行时 将来某一时刻正在进行的动作 强调动作的过程、进行状态 this time tomorrow, at 8 next Monday 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作话题为 “给未来的人写一封信”，属于想象类应用文，要求描述当下生活、介绍代表性科技产品、表达对未来的期许，考查细节描写能力与情感表达，兼顾说明与抒情，是高考应用文书信类的创新考法。 2. 写作框架 开头段：问候未来的读者，点明写信的时代背景，引出话题。 主体段： ① 描述当下的生活面貌，介绍我们这个时代的代表性科技产品（如智能手机、人工智能、VR 技术）； ② 说明科技如何改变了我们的学习、工作与生活方式； ③ 表达对未来的好奇与疑问。 结尾段：写下对未来的期许与祝愿，表达对人类科技发展的信心。 3. 写作素材 开头表达 I'm writing this letter to you from the year 2025, a time when technology is developing at an amazing pace. Greetings from the past! I wonder what the world looks like in your time. 科技描述 Artificial intelligence has been applied in many fields, making our daily lives much more convenient. Virtual reality technology is transforming the way we learn and entertain ourselves. Smart phones have become an essential part of our life, connecting people across the globe. 未来期许 I hope that technology in your time has solved many of the problems we are facing today. I believe future generations will live in a better world with more advanced and human-friendly technology. I'm curious about whether people have travelled further into space or found more renewable energy sources. 结尾升华 No matter how much time passes, the human desire to explore and create never fades. May the world in 2050 be a warmer, wiser and more wonderful place. 4. 范文背诵 A Letter to People in 2050 Dear friends in 2050, I'm writing this letter to you from the year 2025. I often wonder what the world is like in your time, so I'd like to tell you something about life here and share my hopes for the future. We are now living in an age of rapid technological development. Artificial intelligence has come into widespread use: it helps us translate languages, recommend information and even assist doctors in operations. Virtual reality technology is also developing fast, allowing students to learn in immersive environments and giving people new forms of entertainment. Smart phones connect us with the whole world, making long-distance communication effortless. However, we also face challenges such as cyber security risks and worries about whether AI will get out of control. I hope that by 2050, technology has become more human-friendly. I wish you have found cleaner energy, cured more diseases and made space travel common. I believe that no matter how advanced technology becomes, the warmth of humanity will always be the most precious thing. May you live in a peaceful and wonderful world. Yours sincerely, A teenager from 2025 易错点 01一般将来时与将来进行时的误用 【一句话辨异】Tomorrow I will attend a lecture on AI, and this time tomorrow I will be listening to the speech. 明天我要去听一场人工智能讲座，明天这个时候我正在听演讲。 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别： 一般将来时强调将来动作 “会发生”；将来进行时强调将来某一时刻动作 “正在进行”。 2. 判断方法： ① 看时间标志：有具体将来时刻（this time tomorrow, at 9 next Monday）用将来进行时；笼统将来时间（tomorrow, next year）用一般将来时。 ② 看语气：委婉询问计划、安排时，常用将来进行时。 【对点训练】 1. — Can I call you at 8 o'clock tomorrow evening? — I'm afraid not. I ______ an important meeting then. A. will attend B. will be attending C. am attending 【答案】B 【解析】then 指代明天晚上 8 点，强调当时正在开会，用将来进行时。 2. Scientists predict that drones ______ wider use in daily life in the next decade. A. will find B. will be finding C. have found 【答案】A 【解析】in the next decade 是笼统的将来时间，强调动作会发生，用一般将来时。 易错点02 analyse名词形式与复数变化错误 【助记口诀】 analyse 动词 “分析”，名词 analysis，复数 analyses，单复数同尾不同音。 【错因辨析】 动词：analyse（英式）/analyze（美式） 名词单数：analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ 名词复数：analyses /əˈnæləsiːz/ 【对点训练】 1. After careful ______ (analyse), the scientists drew a surprising conclusion. 【答案】analysis 【解析】介词 after 后接名词，此处用单数形式 analysis。 2. The report includes several detailed ______ (analyse) of the data. 【答案】analyses 【解析】several 后接可数名词复数，analysis 的复数为 analyses。 易错点 03 capacity与 capability词义混淆 【一句话辨异】The machine has the capacity to process huge amounts of data, and the engineer has the capability to operate it well. 这台机器具备处理海量数据的性能，而这位工程师有能力操作好它。 【错因辨析】 capacity 侧重事物的容纳、处理、生产能力，也可指人的潜在接受能力。 capability 侧重人具备的实际技能、办事能力。 【对点训练】 1. The new AI system has a larger processing ______ than the old one. A. capability B. capacity C. ability 【答案】B 【解析】此处指系统的处理性能、容量，用 capacity。 一、默写重点单词 1.___________ n. 智力；智能 2. ___________ vt. 分析 3. ___________ n. 突破；重大进展 4. ___________ vt. 造成；产生；摆姿势 5. ___________ vt. 威胁；危及 6. ___________ n. 能力；容量 7. ___________ adj. 虚拟的；事实上的 8. ___________ vt.&vi. 应用；申请 9. ___________ vt. 预测；预言 10. __________ vi. 存在 【答案】1. intelligence 2. analyse 3. breakthrough 4. pose 5. threaten 6. capacity 7. virtual 8. apply 9. predict 10. exist 二、词汇运用 1. The rapid ______ (develop) of technology is changing our way of life. 2. The new system is ______ (apply) in many fields successfully. 3. It is ______ (predict) that VR will become more common in daily life. 4. There are many ______ (engage) activities in the science museum. 5. The invention of the computer was a ______ (revolution) breakthrough. 6. We should treat technological advances in a ______ (reason) way. 【答案】1. development 2. applied 3. predicted 4. engaging 5. revolutionary 6. reasonable 三、重点句型 1. ________________________ we are at a turning point in human history. 显然，我们正处在人类历史的转折点。 2. ________________________, these benefits also bring about new challenges. 尽管科技给我们带来了便利，但也带来了新的挑战。 3. ________________________ AI will play an even more important role in the future. 可以预见，人工智能在未来将发挥更重要的作用。 【答案】1. It is clear that 2. While technology brings us convenience 3. It can be predicted that 四、课文语法填空 Artificial intelligence is developing 1.______ a very rapid pace. It is a branch of computer science that aims 2.______ (create) intelligent machines. Deep learning, one of the approaches to AI, 3.______ (enable) machines to learn from experience. The dream of AI 4.______ (be) around for centuries. In 1956, the term "artificial intelligence" 5.______ (coin). Then in 1997, Deep Blue's victory marked a major breakthrough in AI history. Nowadays, AI 6.______ (apply) in many fields, from finance to health care. 7.______ AI brings us great convenience, it also raises concerns. Some scientists warn that too much dependence on AI may pose a threat 8.______ human society. Stephen Hawking once warned that full AI could spell the end of the human race. 9.______ (obvious), we need to treat AI rationally. We should make sure that technology develops 10.______ (benefit) human beings, not the other way around. 【答案】1.at 2. to create 3. enables 4. has been 5. was coined 6. is applied 7. While/Although 8. to 9. Obviously 10. to benefit 五、阅读理解 A Artificial intelligence, or AI, is no longer just a concept in science fiction. It has become part of our daily life in many ways. When you open a shopping app, the products it recommends are chosen by AI. When you use a translation tool, AI is helping you understand foreign languages. Even the voice assistant on your phone is a simple form of AI. AI works by processing huge amounts of data and learning from patterns. Deep learning, a key technology in modern AI, allows machines to improve themselves through experience, just like humans do. This makes AI smarter and more useful over time. However, AI also brings worries. Many people fear that AI will take away human jobs, as machines can do many tasks faster and more accurately. There are also ethical questions: if an AI makes a mistake, who should be responsible? And can machines truly think and feel like humans? Despite these concerns, most experts believe AI will make our lives better. It can help solve big problems like climate change and disease. The key is to develop AI in a responsible way, making sure it works for the good of all people. 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. How AI works and what deep learning is. B. Why AI is so popular nowadays. C. What problems AI has brought. D. How AI changes people's jobs. 2. Which of the following is NOT a concern about AI? A. Job losses for humans. B. Ethical problems. C. High cost of development. D. Whether machines can think. 3. What is the experts' attitude towards AI according to the text? A. Completely negative. B. Positive but cautious. C. Totally optimistic. D. Uninterested. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】本文介绍了人工智能的应用、工作原理、争议与发展前景。 1. 第二段讲解了 AI 的运行方式和深度学习的作用，A 项符合主旨。 2. 文中提到了失业、伦理、机器思考三个担忧，未提及开发成本，故选 C。 3. 最后一段指出专家认为 AI 能改善生活，但需要负责任地发展，是积极且谨慎的态度，故选 B。 B Virtual reality, or VR, is a technology that creates a fully digital environment. When you wear a VR headset, you feel like you are inside another world. You can see, hear and even feel things that are not really there. This amazing effect is called "presence". VR has many exciting uses. In education, it lets students visit ancient cities, explore the solar system or even walk inside the human body. Learning becomes more interesting and memorable. In medicine, VR helps surgeons practise operations before they treat real patients. It also helps treat people with anxiety and phobias. In entertainment, VR games give players a totally new experience. However, VR still faces many challenges. First, it costs a lot of money, so most people cannot afford a good VR headset. Second, some people feel sick when using VR for a long time. Third, the technology still has limits: the virtual world is not always as real as we want. Even so, the future of VR looks bright. With 5G technology and better hardware, VR will become cheaper and more realistic. Many experts believe VR will be as common as smartphones in the future. 4. What does “presence” mean in the first paragraph? A. The feeling of being inside the virtual world. B. The high quality of VR headsets. C. The wide use of VR technology. D. The cost of VR products. 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an application of VR? A. Education. B. Medicine. C. Entertainment. D. Traffic control. 6. What is one challenge of VR technology? A. It is too difficult to learn. B. It may make people feel sick. C. It cannot be used for medical treatment. D. It is not popular among young people. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Virtual Reality B. Virtual Reality: Applications and Challenges C. How VR Headsets Work D. VR Games and Entertainment 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B 【解析】本文介绍了虚拟现实技术的原理、应用、挑战与未来。 4. 根据前文描述，presence 指的是身临其境的感觉，故选 A。 5. 文中提到了教育、医疗、娱乐三大应用，未提及交通管控，故选 D。 6. 第三段提到长时间使用 VR 会让部分人感到不适，这是挑战之一，故选 B。 7. 文章全面介绍了 VR 的应用与面临的挑战，B 项最能概括全文。 六、七选五 Technology has changed our lives greatly in recent years. 1.______ But is technology always good for us? On the one hand, technology makes our lives much easier. 2.______ We can talk to people far away in an instant, and we can get all kinds of information online. Medical technology also helps cure more diseases and save more lives. On the other hand, technology has its downsides. 3.______ Many people spend too much time on their phones and lose touch with real life. There are also risks of cyber crime and identity theft. 4.______ First, we should learn to use technology in a reasonable way. Second, we need to make rules to make sure technology is used safely. 5.______ Technology itself is neither good nor bad. It is how we use it that matters. If we use it wisely, it will make our world a better place. A. So what should we do about it? B. Smart phones and the Internet are everywhere. C. Almost every part of our life has been changed. D. Too much technology can also bring problems. E. Technology will disappear from our life one day. F. In my opinion, we should treat technology correctly. G. There is no need to worry about technological progress. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. F 【解析】本文讨论了科技的利弊以及我们应有的态度。 1. 前文说科技极大改变了生活，后文转折提出疑问。C 项承接前文，说明科技的影响之广，符合语境。 2. 本段讲科技的便利，后文举例通讯、信息、医疗。B 项承接主题，举例说明科技无处不在，符合语境。 3. 本段讲科技的弊端，后文说沉迷手机、网络犯罪。D 项总领本段，点明科技也会带来问题，符合语境。 4. 后文给出两点做法建议。A 项承上启下，提出 “我们该怎么做” 的问题，符合语境。 5. 位于结尾，总结观点。F 项点明要正确看待科技，收束全文，符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $