精品解析：山东省日照市岚山区2025-2026学年八年级上学期1月月考英语试题

八年级阶段性学情分析英语卷 （满分：90分 考试用时：80分钟） 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共45分） 一、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tim had always struggled with his weight. At school, his classmates would call him “Big Tim”. Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports ___1___, but that always seemed out of reach. One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a ___2___ on him. They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race. They thought it would be fun to watch him ___3___. On the race day, as Tim was about to ___4___ his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台), he saw some of them holding posters of his face with big words “The Big Runner” and “Go Tim”. He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there, ___5___. The race started, and to everyone’s ___6___, Tim began to jog. It was not fast. He kept moving, ___7___ he could hardly keep up with the other runners. His legs burned with each step, but he didn’t stop. As the race went on, something ___8___. A few students started cheering for him. “Come on, Tim” they shouted. Their encouragement made Tim feel ___9___. It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about ____10____ to himself that he could finish. By the time he reached the final lap (圈), Tim was tired out, but he pushed through. As he ____11____ the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath. His classmates, who had once ____12____ him, were now clapping and shouting his name. Tim smiled. It didn’t matter that he hadn’t ____13____ the race. He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought ____14____. From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about ____15____—it was about heart. 1. A. safely B. quickly C. easily D. properly 2. A. game B. trick C. part D. record 3. A. fail B. cry C. smile D. succeed 4. A. find B. cheer C. help D. join 5. A. relaxed B. excited C. embarrassed D. disappointed 6. A. surprise B. joy C. shame D. anger 7. A. since B. though C. when D. until 8. A. stopped B. worked C. disappeared D. changed 9. A. healthier B. luckier C. cooler D. lighter 10. A. suggesting B. explaining C. proving D. promising 11. A. crossed B. saw C. missed D. left 12. A. argued with B. laughed at C. competed with D. cared about 13. A. entered B. won C. completed D. watched 14. A. necessary B. interesting C. valuable D. possible 15. A. speed B. height C. size D. time 二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A Last spring, my sister Lena and I visited our aunt’s small house in the mountains. She was once a wildlife photographer. One afternoon, while cleaning the storeroom, we found a yellow envelope hidden behind an old camera box. Inside was a photo and a note written in our aunt’s handwriting. The note said, “Follow the path behind the oak tree at sunset, and you will see something magical.” Lena’s eyes lit up. “Maybe it’s a secret spot where she took her best photos!” she said hopefully. We waited until the sun began to set. Behind the big oak tree, we found a narrow path that led into the forest. The air grew cooler as we walked deeper. Birds were singing their evening songs. Suddenly, we heard a soft, rustling sound behind the bushes. A pair of bright eyes watched us from the shadows. “A deer…” I whispered quietly. Lena held her breath. My heart was beating fast, but I softly took a step closer, trying not to scare it. “Let’s be still,” I said in a low voice. We stood there without moving. The deer stared at us for a moment, then slowly stepped out into the open. It was a mother deer, and behind her, a young deer appeared. Lena’s face softened. “Look…” she said, “This is what Aunt meant.” As we watched, the sky turned orange and pink, and in that soft light, the deer began to eat grass peacefully near a small wooden cabin. “That’s Aunt’s old photo cabin,” I remembered. We walked closer carefully. Inside, on the wooden walls, hung photos of deer, birds, and other forest animals—all taken by our aunt. On our way back, Lena smiled. “We didn’t find treasure, but we found something even better—a real moment with nature.” 16. What did the writer and Lena decide to do after reading the note? A. Ask their aunt about the photo. B. Clean the storeroom carefully. C. Follow the path behind the oak tree. D. Take photos of the forest at sunset. 17. How did they react when they saw the deer? A. They tried to stay quiet and still. B. They ran toward it excitedly. C. They hid behind the bushes quickly. D. They called their aunt for help. 18. Why did their aunt most likely leave the note? A. To show them her favorite photos. B. To teach them how to take photos. C. To lead them to a special natural moment. D. To test if they could find her secret cabin. 19. Which of the following best describes their experience? A. Simple but meaningful. B. Funny and surprising. C. Tiring and worrying. D. Dangerous but exciting. B Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 20. What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A. It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B. It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C. It grows better after being struck by lightning. D. It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 21. What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Mix up. B. Give out. C. Suffer from. D. Deal with. 22. Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A. To get more water from the sky. B. To kill nearby trees for growth. C. To become shorter and stronger. D. To protect other trees around them. 23. What might scientists do next according to the text? A. Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B. Study how trees attract lightning better. C. Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D. Look for more trees that can survive lightning. C Three students from No. 2 Middle School share their opinions about different after-school activities they tried last term. Let’s take a look at their reviews. Emma’s review of the English drama club I joined the English drama club last September, and it was one of the best decisions I made! We practiced acting out short English plays every Wednesday afternoon. At first, I was nervous to speak English in front of others, but my teacher and classmates encouraged me a lot. We even put on a small play for the school art festival last month. I had to memorize a lot of lines, but it helped me improve my spoken English quickly. Now I’m more confident when talking with foreign teachers. I really recommend this club to anyone who wants to practice English and make new friends. Mike’s review of the basketball training class I signed up for the basketball training class because I love playing basketball, but I didn’t like it as much as I thought I would. The coach was very strict, and we spent most of the time doing basic drills like running and dribbling (运球) instead of playing games. Also, the class was held every Friday evening, which meant I had less time to finish my homework. I quit the class after two months. Maybe it’s a good class for beginners, but it’s not for me—I just want to play basketball for fun, not for strict training. Lily’s review of the volunteer reading program I volunteered at a community library every Saturday morning, reading stories to young kids. It was such a rewarding experience! The kids were so excited to listen to the stories, and they always asked interesting questions. I prepared different picture books in English and Chinese each week, and it made me more patient and responsible. Sometimes I even taught the kids simple English words from the stories. I’ll keep doing this volunteer work next term because it makes me feel happy to bring joy to the kids. 24. Why does Emma recommend the English drama club? A. It helps improve spoken English and make friends. B. It has no homework and is very easy to join. C. It only requires memorizing a few simple lines. D. It lets students watch English plays for free. 25. Why did Mike quit the basketball training class? A. He didn’t like playing basketball anymore. B. The coach was too kind and the class was boring. C. He had little time for homework and disliked strict training. D. The training class was held on weekends and he was busy. 26. What can we learn about Lily’s volunteer experience? A. She read stories to kids only in English. B. She found the volunteer work meaningful and enjoyable. C. She had to prepare difficult books for high school students. D. She quit the program because the kids asked too many questions. D A nudge is a gentle push. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental (心理) push. A boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (最后期限) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. We can see many examples where nudges help people choose what’s good for them. Take students as an example. Nudges can encourage them to give up negative behaviors, such as eating junk food at lunch, and develop positive ones. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. Design nudges are all around us because they are effective. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help overcome problems and make better choices. 27. What is a characteristic of design nudges? A. They clearly tell people what to choose. B. They push people to make decisions quickly. C. They encourage people to think independently. D. They make one choice seem better than the rest. 28. How can schools nudge their students to eat better? A. By offering more food choices to them. B. By providing high-cost foods at lower prices. C. By putting healthy foods at a noticeable place. D. By placing unhealthy foods at the front of the line. 29. What can we learn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A. Design nudges might be used in a bad way. B. People often misunderstand design nudges. C. People use design nudges widely in daily life. D. Design nudges can improve the service quality. 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The power of a nudge B. The benefits of a nudge C. How to design a nudge D. How to recognize a nudge 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分） 三、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. The Great Wall is an a________ building in China, with a history of over 2,000 years. 32. After finishing all the homework, he sat back c________ and watched his favorite movie. 33. We e________ that our team will win the basketball match because we practiced very hard. 34. If you feel sick, you should go to the m________ center for a check-up. 35. Before using the new washing machine, read the i________ carefully. 36. The old lock was broken, so we had to open the door ________ (没有) using a key. 37. You can call me ________ (任何时候) you need help with your study. 38. People often decorate Christmas trees and exchange gifts during ________ (圣诞节). 39. The three ________ (德国人) in the photo are exchange students from Berlin. 40. Answering the teacher’s question correctly gave him more ________ (信心). 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Hua is a 15-year-old student from Beijing. He loves mountain climbing and dreams of ____41____ (climb) the highest mountain in his hometown one day. Last weekend, he decided to take a trip to the mountains with his best friend, Wang Tao. They set off early in the morning with nothing but some water, food and a map. Li Hua and Wang Tao faced many ____42____ (difficulty) on the way. The road was steep (陡峭的) and covered with stones. Li Hua hurt his foot when he stepped on a sharp rock, and Wang Tao ____43____ (lose) the map by accident. At one point, they got lost in the forest, and the dark clouds ____44____ hung above made them worried about the coming rain. However, Li Hua didn’t want ____45____ (give) up. He remembered what his father told him: “Keep calm when you meet trouble, and you’ll find a way out.” He looked around carefully and found a small river. ____46____ followed the river downstream, and soon they saw a village in the distance. For Li Hua, this trip was a great lesson. He learned that perseverance (毅力) is the key to success. Once, he ____47____ (find) a small wooden house by the river, and the old man living there gave them some hot tea and bandages for Li Hua’s foot. Li Hua says the experience left a deep impression on him and will stay ____48____ him forever. After four hours of walking, they ____49____ (final) got back to their town in the evening. “This trip was much ____50____ (hard) than I thought,” Li Hua says, “but I’m glad we didn’t give up. It taught me that courage is not the absence of fear, but moving forward even when you’re afraid.” 五、任务型阅读 （每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题 Lin Yue is a 17-year-old student from Shanghai. She likes swimming very much and is in her school’s swimming team. Last Sunday, Lin Yue was on her way to an important swimming competition. She stopped at the city park with her little brother to fly a kite by the lake. Suddenly, she heard someone crying for help in the water. She looked and saw a 6-year-old boy moving badly in the lake. He fell into the lake by accident when he played near it. Lin Yue did not stop for a second. She took off her jacket and jumped into the cold water quickly. The boy was afraid and kept waving his arms around. It was not easy for Lin Yue to catch him. But she stayed calm, swam to the boy, held his arm and swam to the bank. With the help of some people nearby, she saved the boy safely. The boy’s parents came soon and thanked Lin Yue a lot. They wanted to give her a gift, but she said no. She said it was what she should do. However, Lin Yue missed her important swimming competition that morning. Her coach felt a little sorry for her, but he said Lin Yue’s bravery was more important than the competition. Lin Yue said she had no regrets. She thought saving a life was more meaningful than winning a race. 51. What was Lin Yue doing when she heard the cry for help? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. How did Lin Yue save the little boy? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Why did the boy struggle in the lake? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. What did Lin Yue miss because of saving the boy? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. What do you think of Lin Yue? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、写作（满分15分） 56. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike所在的学校要举办主题为“未来校园生活”的海报设计活动，他来信希望你设计一张关于中国未来校园生活的海报并附邮件说明。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，邮件内容包括：描述海报上的未来校园生活场景；说明设计该内容的原因。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, Glad to hear from you. Here is the introduction of the poster I’ve designed for your poster design activity. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级阶段性学情分析英语卷 （满分：90分 考试用时：80分钟） 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共45分） 一、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tim had always struggled with his weight. At school, his classmates would call him “Big Tim”. Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports ___1___, but that always seemed out of reach. One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a ___2___ on him. They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race. They thought it would be fun to watch him ___3___. On the race day, as Tim was about to ___4___ his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台), he saw some of them holding posters of his face with big words “The Big Runner” and “Go Tim”. He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there, ___5___. The race started, and to everyone’s ___6___, Tim began to jog. It was not fast. He kept moving, ___7___ he could hardly keep up with the other runners. His legs burned with each step, but he didn’t stop. As the race went on, something ___8___. A few students started cheering for him. “Come on, Tim” they shouted. Their encouragement made Tim feel ___9___. It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about ____10____ to himself that he could finish. By the time he reached the final lap (圈), Tim was tired out, but he pushed through. As he ____11____ the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath. His classmates, who had once ____12____ him, were now clapping and shouting his name. Tim smiled. It didn’t matter that he hadn’t ____13____ the race. He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought ____14____. From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about ____15____—it was about heart. 1. A. safely B. quickly C. easily D. properly 2. A. game B. trick C. part D. record 3. A. fail B. cry C. smile D. succeed 4. A. find B. cheer C. help D. join 5. A. relaxed B. excited C. embarrassed D. disappointed 6. A. surprise B. joy C. shame D. anger 7. A. since B. though C. when D. until 8. A. stopped B. worked C. disappeared D. changed 9. A. healthier B. luckier C. cooler D. lighter 10. A. suggesting B. explaining C. proving D. promising 11. A. crossed B. saw C. missed D. left 12. A. argued with B. laughed at C. competed with D. cared about 13. A. entered B. won C. completed D. watched 14. A. necessary B. interesting C. valuable D. possible 15. A. speed B. height C. size D. time 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，蒂姆因体重常被同学捉弄，被哄骗参加长跑比赛却坚持跑完，最后他用行动证明力量源于内心，也赢得了同学们的尊重。 【1题详解】 句意：每天，他都希望自己能像其他孩子一样，轻松地快速奔跑和做运动，但这似乎总是遥不可及。 safely安全地；quickly快速地；easily轻松地；properly适当地。根据“Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports...”可知，从“but that always seemed out of reach”可推断，他希望能像其他孩子一样毫无困难、“轻松地”进行运动，此处选easily。 故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：有一天，他的一群同学决定捉弄他。 game游戏；trick诡计，玩笑；part部分；record记录。根据“One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a...on him.”以及后文“They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race”可知，这里是说同学们决定对他搞个“恶作剧”，“play a trick on sb.”是固定搭配，表示“捉弄某人”，此处选trick。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：他们觉得看他失败会很有趣。 fail失败；cry哭泣；smile微笑；succeed成功。根据“They thought it would be fun to watch him...”以及他们捉弄他让他参加不擅长的长跑比赛这一行为可知，他们想看他在比赛中“失败”出丑，此处选fail。故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：比赛当天，蒂姆正要和同学们一起去看台观看比赛，这时他看到他们中的一些人举着印有他头像的海报，上面写着“大长跑健将”和“蒂姆加油”等大大的字。 find找到；cheer欢呼；help帮助；join加入。根据“On the race day, as Tim was about to...his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台)”可知，这里表示蒂姆正要“加入”同学们一起去看台看比赛，此处选join。故选D。 【5题详解】 句意：他尴尬地僵在那里。 relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；embarrassed尴尬的；disappointed失望的。根据“He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there...”可知，被同学骗去参加比赛，这种情况会让他感到“尴尬”，此处选embarrassed。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：比赛开始了，令每个人惊讶的是，蒂姆开始慢跑。 surprise惊讶；joy快乐；shame羞愧；anger愤怒。根据“The race started, and to everyone’s...”以及大家原本以为他不会跑或跑不下来，结果他开始跑了，这一情况让大家感到“惊讶”，“to one’s surprise”是固定短语，表示“令某人惊讶的是”，蒂姆的行为让人感到惊讶，此处选surprise。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：他一直在跑，尽管他几乎跟不上其他选手。 since自从；though尽管；when当……时候；until直到。根据“He kept moving,...he could hardly keep up with the other runners.”可知，前后句子存在转折让步关系，即“虽然”他几乎跟不上其他选手，但他一直在跑，此处选though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：随着比赛的进行，情况发生了变化。 stopped停止；worked工作；disappeared消失；changed改变。根据“As the race went on, something...”以及后文“A few students started cheering for him.”可知，比赛过程中情况和之前不一样了，发生了“改变”，此处选changed。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：他们的鼓励让蒂姆感觉更轻松。 healthier更健康；luckier更幸运；cooler更酷；lighter更轻松。根据“Their encouragement made Tim feel...”可知，同学们的鼓励让蒂姆在心理上负担减轻，更有动力去跑，这里用“lighter”比较合适，可理解为心理上“更轻松”，此处选lighter。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：这不再是关于获胜；而是关于向自己证明他能完成比赛。 suggesting建议；explaining解释；proving证明；promising承诺。根据“It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about...to himself that he could finish.”可知，蒂姆坚持跑下去的目的是“证明”自己有能力完成比赛，此处选proving。故选C。 【11题详解】 句意：当他冲过终点线时，他倒在地上，完全喘不过气来。 crossed穿过；saw看见；missed错过；left离开。根据“As he...the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath.”可知，这里描述他“穿过”终点线这一动作，“cross the finish line”是常用表达“冲过终点线”，此处选crossed。故选A。 【12题详解】 句意：他那些曾经嘲笑他的同学，现在都在鼓掌并呼喊他的名字。 argued with与……争论；laughed at嘲笑；competed with与……竞争；cared about关心。根据“His classmates, who had once...him, were now clapping and shouting his name.”以及前文同学们捉弄他、叫他“Big Tim”等内容可知，曾经同学们是“嘲笑”他的，此处选laughed at。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：蒂姆没有赢得比赛也没关系。 entered进入；won赢得；completed完成；watched观看。根据“It didn’t matter that he hadn’t...the race.”可知，这里说的是他没有“赢得”比赛，此处选won。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：他跑完了，这比他曾经认为的可能的事情要多得多。 necessary必要的；interesting有趣的；valuable有价值的；possible可能的。根据“He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought...”可知，他完成比赛这件事超出了他之前认为自己能做到的“可能性”范围，此处选possible。故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：蒂姆向每个人表明，力量不在于体型大小——而在于内心。 speed速度；height高度；size尺寸，体型；time时间。根据“From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about...—it was about heart.”以及前文围绕他因体重问题被捉弄展开可知，这里说的是力量不是由“体型”决定的，此处选size。故选C。 二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A Last spring, my sister Lena and I visited our aunt’s small house in the mountains. She was once a wildlife photographer. One afternoon, while cleaning the storeroom, we found a yellow envelope hidden behind an old camera box. Inside was a photo and a note written in our aunt’s handwriting. The note said, “Follow the path behind the oak tree at sunset, and you will see something magical.” Lena’s eyes lit up. “Maybe it’s a secret spot where she took her best photos!” she said hopefully. We waited until the sun began to set. Behind the big oak tree, we found a narrow path that led into the forest. The air grew cooler as we walked deeper. Birds were singing their evening songs. Suddenly, we heard a soft, rustling sound behind the bushes. A pair of bright eyes watched us from the shadows. “A deer…” I whispered quietly. Lena held her breath. My heart was beating fast, but I softly took a step closer, trying not to scare it. “Let’s be still,” I said in a low voice. We stood there without moving. The deer stared at us for a moment, then slowly stepped out into the open. It was a mother deer, and behind her, a young deer appeared. Lena’s face softened. “Look…” she said, “This is what Aunt meant.” As we watched, the sky turned orange and pink, and in that soft light, the deer began to eat grass peacefully near a small wooden cabin. “That’s Aunt’s old photo cabin,” I remembered. We walked closer carefully. Inside, on the wooden walls, hung photos of deer, birds, and other forest animals—all taken by our aunt. On our way back, Lena smiled. “We didn’t find treasure, but we found something even better—a real moment with nature.” 16. What did the writer and Lena decide to do after reading the note? A. Ask their aunt about the photo. B. Clean the storeroom carefully. C. Follow the path behind the oak tree. D. Take photos of the forest at sunset. 17. How did they react when they saw the deer? A. They tried to stay quiet and still. B. They ran toward it excitedly. C. They hid behind the bushes quickly. D. They called their aunt for help. 18. Why did their aunt most likely leave the note? A. To show them her favorite photos. B. To teach them how to take photos. C. To lead them to a special natural moment. D. To test if they could find her secret cabin. 19. Which of the following best describes their experience? A. Simple but meaningful. B. Funny and surprising. C. Tiring and worrying. D. Dangerous but exciting. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. C 19. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者和姐姐Lena去拜访曾是野生动物摄影师的阿姨，根据纸条指引在森林中偶遇鹿群并发现阿姨旧摄影小屋的故事，体现了人与自然和谐相处的美好。 【16题详解】 第二段纸条内容“Follow the path behind the oak tree at sunset”（日落时沿着橡树后的小路走）以及第四段“We waited until the sun began to set. Behind the big oak tree, we found a narrow path...”表明，她们读完纸条后决定沿着橡树后的小路走。 【17题详解】 文中对话“‘Let’s be still,’ I said in a low voice. We stood there without moving.”（“让我们静止不动，”我低声说。我们站在那里一动不动。）说明，当她们看到鹿时，为了不惊吓到它，选择保持安静和静止。 【18题详解】 纸条上写着“you will see something magical”（你会看到一些神奇的东西），结合文章结尾Lena的总结“We didn’t find treasure, but we found something even better—a real moment with nature.”（我们没有找到宝藏，但发现了更好的东西——与大自然的真实时刻。）指出，阿姨留纸条的目的是为了引导她们去体验大自然中特殊的时刻，而不仅仅是看照片或找小屋。 【19题详解】 纵观全文，她们的经历是在森林中安静地观察鹿群并发现旧小屋，过程并不危险或疲惫。Lena认为这比宝藏更好，说明这次经历虽然简单（走路、观察），但非常有意义。 B Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 20. What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A. It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B. It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C. It grows better after being struck by lightning. D. It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 21. What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Mix up. B. Give out. C. Suffer from. D. Deal with. 22. Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A. To get more water from the sky. B. To kill nearby trees for growth. C. To become shorter and stronger. D. To protect other trees around them. 23. What might scientists do next according to the text? A. Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B. Study how trees attract lightning better. C. Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D. Look for more trees that can survive lightning. 【答案】20. C 21. D 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了油桃木这种特殊的树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多类似特性的树。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them!”以及后文对油桃木的研究描述可知，油桃木被闪电击中后生长得更好，故选C。 【21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文描述油桃木被闪电击中却未受严重伤害，“Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning”意思是科学家认为这种树能够应对闪电，“handle”在这里是“处理，应对”的意思，与“deal with”意思相近，故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself.”可知，油桃木吸引闪电是为了杀死附近的树从而获取更多阳光和营养以生长，故选B。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据“They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家接下来可能会寻找更多能在闪电袭击后存活的树，故选D。 C Three students from No. 2 Middle School share their opinions about different after-school activities they tried last term. Let’s take a look at their reviews. Emma’s review of the English drama club I joined the English drama club last September, and it was one of the best decisions I made! We practiced acting out short English plays every Wednesday afternoon. At first, I was nervous to speak English in front of others, but my teacher and classmates encouraged me a lot. We even put on a small play for the school art festival last month. I had to memorize a lot of lines, but it helped me improve my spoken English quickly. Now I’m more confident when talking with foreign teachers. I really recommend this club to anyone who wants to practice English and make new friends. Mike’s review of the basketball training class I signed up for the basketball training class because I love playing basketball, but I didn’t like it as much as I thought I would. The coach was very strict, and we spent most of the time doing basic drills like running and dribbling (运球) instead of playing games. Also, the class was held every Friday evening, which meant I had less time to finish my homework. I quit the class after two months. Maybe it’s a good class for beginners, but it’s not for me—I just want to play basketball for fun, not for strict training. Lily’s review of the volunteer reading program I volunteered at a community library every Saturday morning, reading stories to young kids. It was such a rewarding experience! The kids were so excited to listen to the stories, and they always asked interesting questions. I prepared different picture books in English and Chinese each week, and it made me more patient and responsible. Sometimes I even taught the kids simple English words from the stories. I’ll keep doing this volunteer work next term because it makes me feel happy to bring joy to the kids. 24. Why does Emma recommend the English drama club? A. It helps improve spoken English and make friends. B. It has no homework and is very easy to join. C. It only requires memorizing a few simple lines. D. It lets students watch English plays for free. 25. Why did Mike quit the basketball training class? A. He didn’t like playing basketball anymore. B. The coach was too kind and the class was boring. C. He had little time for homework and disliked strict training. D. The training class was held on weekends and he was busy. 26. What can we learn about Lily’s volunteer experience? A. She read stories to kids only in English. B. She found the volunteer work meaningful and enjoyable. C. She had to prepare difficult books for high school students. D. She quit the program because the kids asked too many questions. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了二中三名学生（Emma、Mike 和 Lily）对上学期参加的不同课外活动的评价和感受。 【24题详解】 根据Emma’s review部分最后一句”I really recommend this club to anyone who wants to practice English and make new friends.(我真的向任何想要练习英语和结交新朋友的人推荐这个社团)”以及文中提到的“it helped me improve my spoken English quickly(它帮助我快速提高了英语口语)”可知，Emma推荐该社团是因为它能提高口语并结交朋友。 【25题详解】 根据Mike’s review部分中“The coach was very strict(教练非常严格)”、“the class was held every Friday evening, which meant I had less time to finish my homework(课程安排在周五晚上，这意味着我完成作业的时间变少了)”以及“not for me—I just want to play basketball for fun, not for strict training(不适合我——我只想为了乐趣打篮球，而不是为了严格训练)”可知，Mike退出是因为作业时间少且不喜欢严格训练。 【26题详解】 根据Lily’s review部分中“It was such a rewarding experience!(这是一次如此有益的经历！)”和“it makes me feel happy to bring joy to the kids(给孩子们带来快乐让我感到幸福)”可知，Lily觉得这份志愿者工作有意义且愉快。A项错误，因为她准备了英文和中文绘本；C项错误，对象是幼童而非高中生；D项错误，她下学期会继续做。 D A nudge is a gentle push. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental (心理) push. A boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (最后期限) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. We can see many examples where nudges help people choose what’s good for them. Take students as an example. Nudges can encourage them to give up negative behaviors, such as eating junk food at lunch, and develop positive ones. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. Design nudges are all around us because they are effective. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help overcome problems and make better choices. 27. What is a characteristic of design nudges? A. They clearly tell people what to choose. B. They push people to make decisions quickly. C. They encourage people to think independently. D. They make one choice seem better than the rest. 28. How can schools nudge their students to eat better? A. By offering more food choices to them. B. By providing high-cost foods at lower prices. C. By putting healthy foods at a noticeable place. D. By placing unhealthy foods at the front of the line. 29. What can we learn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A. Design nudges might be used in a bad way. B. People often misunderstand design nudges. C. People use design nudges widely in daily life. D. Design nudges can improve the service quality. 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The power of a nudge B. The benefits of a nudge C. How to design a nudge D. How to recognize a nudge 【答案】27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了“nudge”（助推）的含义，介绍设计助推的特征，举例说明其积极作用与负面影响，还提到设计助推因有效而广泛存在。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others.”可知，设计助推的特征之一是让一种选择看起来比其他选择更有吸引力和实用性，即让一种选择比其他选择更好，故选D。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end.”可知，学校可以通过把健康的食物放在队伍的前面来引导学生吃得更健康，把不健康的食物放在最后。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests.”可知，第四段的例子表明设计助推可能被用于不好的方面，只为自身利益服务而损害他人，故选A。 【30题详解】 最佳标题题。根据文章内容，全文围绕“nudge”（助推）展开，介绍了其含义、设计助推的特征、积极与消极作用以及广泛应用，核心是体现助推的影响力，选项A“助推的力量”符合语境，故选A。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分） 三、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. The Great Wall is an a________ building in China, with a history of over 2,000 years. 【答案】 ancient##ncient 【解析】 【详解】句意：长城是中国的一座古老建筑，有着两千多年的历史。空格处缺少形容词修饰名词building，结合首字母提示和“The Great Wall”可知，此处指“古老的建筑”，首字母a对应形容词ancient“古老的”。 32. After finishing all the homework, he sat back c________ and watched his favorite movie. 【答案】 comfortably##omfortably 【解析】 【详解】句意：做完所有作业后，他舒适地靠坐着，看起了他最喜欢的电影。空处修饰动词短语“sat back”，需填副词。结合“watched his favorite movie”及首字母c可知，comfortably“舒适地”最符合语境。 33. We e________ that our team will win the basketball match because we practiced very hard. 【答案】 xpect##expect 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们期盼我们队能赢得这场篮球赛，因为我们训练非常刻苦。根据句意和首字母e，expect意为“期盼，预料”，后可接that引导的宾语从句；句子表达当下内心的想法，用一般现在时；主语We为复数，动词使用原形，故填expect。 34. If you feel sick, you should go to the m________ center for a check-up. 【答案】 medical##edical 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你感觉不舒服，你应该去医疗中心做检查。空处需填形容词修饰名词“center”，结合“feel sick”及“for a check-up”可知，首字母m对应形容词medical“医疗的”，medical center意为“医疗中心”。 35. Before using the new washing machine, read the i________ carefully. 【答案】instructions##nstructions 【解析】 【详解】句意：在使用新洗衣机前，仔细地阅读说明书。根据句意及生活常识，使用新家电前需要阅读相关的指导性说明。instructions是名词，意为“说明书；操作指南”，且这里表示特指的洗衣机说明书，用复数形式更符合日常表达。“read the instructions”是固定搭配，意为“阅读说明书”。故填instructions。 36. The old lock was broken, so we had to open the door ________ (没有) using a key. 【答案】 without 【解析】 【详解】句意：旧锁坏了，所以我们不得不在不使用钥匙的情况下把门打开。根据括号里的提示“没有”，且后面接的是动名词using，介词without后接动名词表示“没有……”，应填without。 37. You can call me ________ (任何时候) you need help with your study. 【答案】 anytime 【解析】 【详解】句意：你在学习上需要帮助的时候可以在任何时候打电话给我。“任何时候”用anytime表达。 38. People often decorate Christmas trees and exchange gifts during ________ (圣诞节). 【答案】Christmas 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们在圣诞节期间常装饰圣诞树并交换礼物。空格处在介词during后，需用名词形式作宾语。“圣诞节”译为Christmas，为专有名词，符合句意。故填Christmas。 39. The three ________ (德国人) in the photo are exchange students from Berlin. 【答案】 Germans 【解析】 【详解】句意：照片里的三位德国人是来自柏林的交换生。German意为“德国人”，three后接可数名词的复数形式，German的复数形式是Germans。 40. Answering the teacher’s question correctly gave him more ________ (信心). 【答案】 confidence 【解析】 【详解】句意：正确回答老师的问题给了他更多的信心。空处需填名词作直接宾语，中文“信心”对应名词confidence，为不可数名词。 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Hua is a 15-year-old student from Beijing. He loves mountain climbing and dreams of ____41____ (climb) the highest mountain in his hometown one day. Last weekend, he decided to take a trip to the mountains with his best friend, Wang Tao. They set off early in the morning with nothing but some water, food and a map. Li Hua and Wang Tao faced many ____42____ (difficulty) on the way. The road was steep (陡峭的) and covered with stones. Li Hua hurt his foot when he stepped on a sharp rock, and Wang Tao ____43____ (lose) the map by accident. At one point, they got lost in the forest, and the dark clouds ____44____ hung above made them worried about the coming rain. However, Li Hua didn’t want ____45____ (give) up. He remembered what his father told him: “Keep calm when you meet trouble, and you’ll find a way out.” He looked around carefully and found a small river. ____46____ followed the river downstream, and soon they saw a village in the distance. For Li Hua, this trip was a great lesson. He learned that perseverance (毅力) is the key to success. Once, he ____47____ (find) a small wooden house by the river, and the old man living there gave them some hot tea and bandages for Li Hua’s foot. Li Hua says the experience left a deep impression on him and will stay ____48____ him forever. After four hours of walking, they ____49____ (final) got back to their town in the evening. “This trip was much ____50____ (hard) than I thought,” Li Hua says, “but I’m glad we didn’t give up. It taught me that courage is not the absence of fear, but moving forward even when you’re afraid.” 【答案】41. climbing 42. difficulties 43. lost 44. which##that 45. to give 46. They 47. found 48. with 49. finally 50. harder 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了李华与好友王涛登山途中遇到困难，最终凭借冷静和坚持成功脱险的故事，从中领悟到勇气与毅力的重要性。 【41题详解】 句意：他热爱登山，梦想有一天能登上家乡最高的山。“dream of doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，climb的动名词形式为climbing，故填climbing。 【42题详解】 句意：李华和王涛在路上遇到了许多困难。many后接可数名词复数，difficulty的复数形式为difficulties，故填difficulties。 【43题详解】 句意：李华踩到一块锋利的石头时弄伤了脚，王涛意外丢失了地图。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，lose的过去式为lost，故填lost。 【44题详解】 句意：有一次，他们在森林里迷了路，头顶的乌云让他们担心即将下雨。此处用关系代词指代the dark clouds（指物），在定语从句中作主语，故填which或that。 【45题详解】 句意：然而，李华不想放弃。“want to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填to give。 【46题详解】 句意：他们沿着小河向下走，很快就在远处看到了一个村庄。此处作主语，指代李华和王涛，表示“他们”沿着河走，句首单词首字母要大写，故填They。 【47题详解】 句意：有一次，他在河边发现了一座小木屋，住在那里的老人给了他们一些热茶和绷带，给李华的脚包扎。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，find的过去式为found，故填found。 【48题详解】 句意：李华说这次经历给他留下了深刻的印象，并将永远陪伴他。“stay with sb.”意为“陪伴某人”，符合“这段经历会永远陪伴他”的语境，故填with。 【49题详解】 句意：经过四个小时的步行，他们终于在晚上回到了镇上。修饰动词短语got back to需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，意为“最终”，故填finally。 【50题详解】 句意：李华说：“这次旅行比我想象的要艰难得多，但我很高兴我们没有放弃。它教会了我，勇气不是没有恐惧，而是即使害怕也要继续前进。”was后用形容词作表语，标志词than提示用比较级，hard“困难的”的比较级为harder，故填harder。 五、任务型阅读 （每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题 Lin Yue is a 17-year-old student from Shanghai. She likes swimming very much and is in her school’s swimming team. Last Sunday, Lin Yue was on her way to an important swimming competition. She stopped at the city park with her little brother to fly a kite by the lake. Suddenly, she heard someone crying for help in the water. She looked and saw a 6-year-old boy moving badly in the lake. He fell into the lake by accident when he played near it. Lin Yue did not stop for a second. She took off her jacket and jumped into the cold water quickly. The boy was afraid and kept waving his arms around. It was not easy for Lin Yue to catch him. But she stayed calm, swam to the boy, held his arm and swam to the bank. With the help of some people nearby, she saved the boy safely. The boy’s parents came soon and thanked Lin Yue a lot. They wanted to give her a gift, but she said no. She said it was what she should do. However, Lin Yue missed her important swimming competition that morning. Her coach felt a little sorry for her, but he said Lin Yue’s bravery was more important than the competition. Lin Yue said she had no regrets. She thought saving a life was more meaningful than winning a race. 51. What was Lin Yue doing when she heard the cry for help? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. How did Lin Yue save the little boy? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Why did the boy struggle in the lake? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. What did Lin Yue miss because of saving the boy? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. What do you think of Lin Yue? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. She was flying a kite. 52. She jumped into the water and swam to the bank with the boy. 53. Because he fell into the lake by accident. 54. Her important swimming competition. 55. She is brave and kind. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 17 岁的学生林悦在去参加游泳比赛的路上，为了救一名落水儿童而错过了比赛的故事，赞扬了她见义勇为的精神。 【51题详解】 根据文章第1段“She stopped at the city park with her little brother to fly a kite by the lake. Suddenly, she heard someone crying for help in the water.”可知听到呼救时她正在放风筝。 【52题详解】 根据文章第2段“She took off her jacket and jumped into the cold water quickly…swam to the boy, held his arm and swam to the bank.”可知她跳进水里将男孩救上岸。 【53题详解】 根据文章第1段“He fell into the lake by accident when he played near it.”可知男孩在水中挣扎是因为意外落水。 【54题详解】 根据文章第3段“However, Lin Yue missed her important swimming competition that morning.”可知她因为救人错过了比赛。 【55题详解】 根据文章第3段“Lin Yue’s bravery was more important than the competition.”及全文内容可知林悦勇敢且善良。 六、写作（满分15分） 56. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike所在的学校要举办主题为“未来校园生活”的海报设计活动，他来信希望你设计一张关于中国未来校园生活的海报并附邮件说明。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，邮件内容包括：描述海报上的未来校园生活场景；说明设计该内容的原因。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, Glad to hear from you. Here is the introduction of the poster I’ve designed for your poster design activity. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 【参考范文】 Dear Mike, Glad to hear from you. Here is the introduction of the poster I’ve designed for your poster design activity. In the center, there is a smart classroom. Students wear VR glasses to learn Chinese history and visit ancient palaces online. Robot teachers help clean the school and answer questions. Around the classroom stand small Chinese-style pavilions, and flying buses fly in the blue sky outside. I design this because high-tech makes learning fun. Besides, I add traditional Chinese garden scenes to show our culture. A green campus with Chinese style is great for us students. Do you like my idea? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：邮件应用文，全文以一般现在时为主 明确要点：1.描述海报上未来校园生活场景（融入中国特色细节）2.说明对应场景的设计原因 确定人称：第一人称(I/my)、第二人称(you) 注意事项：词数80词左右，开头已给出不计入词数，不出现真实姓名、校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段（题干已给出）：收到来信，引出自己设计的海报介绍 主体段：分层描写海报内校园场景，加入国风特色画面，分别说明每个场景的设计理由 结尾段：询问对方看法，期待回信 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：海报里的校园学习场景 智能教室画面：smart classroom/wear VR glasses to learn Chinese history/experience virtual ancient Chinese culture lessons等 机器人辅助画面：robot teachers clean school/robots answer students’ questions/help check Chinese homework等 要点二：海报里的校园出行场景 空中交通画面：blue sky with flying buses outside/take flying buses to school/no traffic jams等 国风校园布景画面：ancient-style Chinese pavilions beside classrooms/traditional Chinese garden green belts等 要点三：各场景对应的设计原因 科技学习设计缘由：make learning easier and more interesting/bring fun to Chinese culture classes等 绿色国风校园设计缘由：green Chinese-style environment is important for students/keep campus fresh and carry forward traditional culture等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $