Unit 1 Period 3 Using Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 本练习通过A/B/C组+拓展四层递进设计，构建从词汇语法基础到语篇思维应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课分层教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（短语翻译、单词拼写）、基础语法（单句填空）|基础题型直接对应课时重点，如10组短语翻译强化语言能力，夯实基础| |B组能力进阶|句型转换（完成句子）、语篇语法（语法填空）|结合语境的语法填空，如含科学史背景的语篇填空，提升语言综合运用能力| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解（细节、推理、主旨）|选取真实情境语篇（如宇航员训练、气象学家职业），培养文化意识与逻辑思维| |拓展链接高考|高考题型（阅读B篇）|对接2023-2026年全国卷真题，如医院教师、校园菜园主题阅读，提升应试与学习能力|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 3 Using Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.save countless lives 2.to sum up 3.due to 4.come to power 5.as a consequence 6.as though 7.be founded on 8.infer from 9.have a passion for 10.take up a position 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.gentle/mild 2.gradually 3.theory 4.extraordinary 5.professor 6.patent 7.founded 8.encountering 9.genius 10.passion 三、单句语法填空。 【答案】 1.Founded 2.relatively 3.a 4.gently 5.powerful 6.for 7.institution 8.remarkable 9.gradually 10.from 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.as if she were very angry / as though she were very angry 2.It is said that he is about to go / He is said to be about to go 3.Despite these unexpected difficulties / In spite of these unexpected difficulties 4.successfully stood out / managed to stand out 5.take charge of / take over 五、语法填空 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了爱因斯坦、智能家居和萨勒克国家公园。 【答案】1．working 2．gradually 3．explanation 4．it 5．to fix 6．before 7．covered 8．from 9．development 10．is hoped 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里工作期间，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。While引导的时间状语从句使用了省略结构，逻辑主语he和work是主谓关系，所以空处用现在分词，此处省略了he和was。故填working。 2．考查副词。句意：同年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文，逐渐闻名世界。空处修饰became，用副词。gradually意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 3．考查名词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。根据his可知，空处用名词作介词for的宾语。explanation意为“解释”。故填explanation。 4．考查代词。句意：如果它们发现有问题，它们会检测出来并向我们提供相关信息，以便我们解决问题。空处用it指代前面提到的something wrong。故填it。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。为我们提供相关信息是便于我们解决问题，这里用不定式，作目的状语。故填to fix。 6．考查状语从句。句意：总之，这项智能技术不是幻想，大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年时间。it takes some years before...意为“需要一些年才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖，现在是萨米人的家园，萨米人是公园的原住民。本句的谓语是are，所以空处用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Sarek’s mountains和cover之间是动宾关系，且Once表示动作已经发生，所以用过去分词，作状语，表示被动和完成。故填covered。 8．考查介词。句意：为了保持其自然状态，除了萨米人，任何人都不允许住在萨勒克，公园范围内的一切新开发都被禁止了。apart from意为“除了”。故填from。 9．考查名词。句意参考上题。空前有all new，所以空处用名词作主语。development意为“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。 10．考查时态和语态。句意：希望萨勒克国家公园永远保持原样，自然而美丽。It is hoped that...意为“希望……”，It作形式主语，that引导主语从句，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is hoped。 6、 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业） 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国载人航天20年来航天员的严苛训练内容、面临的挑战以及不同代际航天员的选拔标准等相关情况。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are confronted (面对) with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of isolation and confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can impair (损害) their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program. (人体并非为太空生活而设计。宇航员在太空任务中会面临诸多挑战。重力的变化可能对他们的身体产生影响。在狭小的航天器中生活数月所带来的孤独感和封闭感，可能会损害他们的心理健康。任务期间出现的紧急情况，会考验他们在巨大压力下运用知识解决问题的能力。因此，宇航员必须达到极高的标准并接受严苛的训练，这也就不足为奇了。)”可知，第二段主要讲述宇航员在太空中面临的不同挑战。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. (中国载人航天工程航天员系统总设计师黄伟芬在接受央视新闻采访时表示：“为确保中国航天员能够顺利完成任务并安全返回地球，我们设置了八大类、200余项训练科目。”)”可知，中国航天员项目包含超过200个训练科目。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. (在各项训练科目中，最累人的是水下训练。这项训练旨在让航天员适应太空中的微重力环境。黄伟芬介绍，航天员要身着重达100多公斤的装备在水下一次待6个小时。水的阻力加上沉重的装备，使得每一个动作都十分费力。)”可知，水下训练对参与者的体能要求最高。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中““Nie Haisheng (one of the astronauts) once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. (黄说：“聂海胜(宇航员之一)曾报告说，在一次水下训练后，体重减轻了两公斤。”)”并结合前文对水下训练强度的描述可知，黄提及聂海胜的体重下降是为了强调训练的挑战性。故选A项。 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·阶段检测） 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了Ashley Ruiz的职业生涯和个人经历，介绍了她作为气象预报员的工作内容、面临的挑战、对天气变化的看法，以及她如何克服数学难题成为首位女性首席气象预报员的经历。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 2020, a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga, Tennessee—and, even closer to home, her house. So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be.(2020年，一场龙卷风袭击了Ruiz位于田纳西州查塔努加的家乡——甚至离她家更近的地方。所以她说她知道这是一份救命的工作。)”可知，文章提到Ruiz家乡发生的灾难是为了展示她对气象预报员工作的理解。她亲身体验了龙卷风对家乡的破坏，因此她深刻理解这份工作的重要性和救命的性质。这一经历使她更加明白作为气象预报员的责任和使命。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns. She said, “We are absolutely seeing changes in weather, with more intense and more frequent storms, which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere, as the planet warms. There are more frequent droughts, stronger storms, and increasing temperature changes. This makes predicting the weather difficult.( Ruiz谈到了新的和变化中的天气模式。她说：“我们绝对看到了天气的变化，风暴更加剧烈和频繁，这与气候变化有关。”随着地球变暖，天气到处都在变化。干旱更频繁，风暴更猛烈，气温变化更大。这使得预测天气变得困难。)”可知，气候变化使得天气变得更加难以预测，因此是预测天气的一个挑战。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world. But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy. She said, “I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up. But I kept pushing and working hard, and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market. I’m proud of that.”(Ruiz一直知道自己对天气及其对世界的影响感兴趣。但她成为气象学家的道路并不容易。她说：“我在数学上挣扎得很厉害，几乎想放弃了。但我一直在坚持和努力，现在我是巴吞鲁日电视市场的第一位女性首席气象预报员。我为此感到骄傲。”)”可知，Ruiz在数学上挣扎得很厉害，但她一直坚持不懈地努力工作，最终成为了巴吞鲁日电视市场的首位女性首席气象预报员。这显示了她是一个勤奋努力的人。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety, what people come to mind? Police officers, firefighters or emergency response teams? Would you put your local meteorologist (气象预报员) in this group? That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose, and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Ruiz predicts the weather for her community.(当你想到谁负责城市的安全时，你会想到哪些人？警察、消防员还是应急响应团队？你会把当地的气象预报员归入这个群体吗？这就是Ashley Ruiz选择的职业，现在她是路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日的第一位女性首席气象预报员。Ruiz为她的社区预测天气。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了Ashley Ruiz作为气象预报员的职业生涯和个人经历，包括她如何克服困难成为首位女性首席气象预报员，以及她对天气和气候变化的看法。这种关于人物成长和成就的文章更适合出现在报纸的“People”（人物）栏目中。故选B。 （22-23高一上·河南信阳·期中） 【答案】9．E 10．G 11．C 12．F 13．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Albert Einstein的生平。 【详解】9．上文“Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879.( Albert Einstein于1879年3月14日出生于德国乌尔姆) ”介绍Einstein出生日期和出生地；下文“Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first paper.( Einstein非常聪明，16岁时就写了他的第一篇论文) ”介绍了Einstein16岁时的成就；结合全文内容可知文章按照时间顺序展开，由此可知，E选项“As a child, he enjoyed solving math problems(小时候，他喜欢解决数学问题)”介绍Einstein孩童时期的情况，符合语境。故选E。 10．由上文“However, Einstein did badly at school. (然而，爱因斯坦在学校表现很差)”可知Einstein在学校的成绩不好；下文“He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him work finally.(他最后在瑞士上了大学。他的成绩意味着毕业后很难找到工作，但一个朋友最终为他找到了工作)”说明虽然他最终上了大学，但成绩不好；G选项“One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!(一位老师甚至说他永远不会取得任何成就！)”承接上文进一步说明Einstein在学校成绩不好，与上下文表达的意思一致；句中的“One teacher”与上文的“at school”相呼应。故选G。 11．上文“Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing(发表) four scientific papers! (Albert在1905年度过了伟大的一年，发表了四篇科学论文！)”介绍了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就；由此推知，空处陈述他的研究的意义。C选项“His work turned modern physics on its head.(他的研究成果彻底改变了现代物理学)”符合题意。故选C。 12．上文“In 1919, one of Albert’s theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive!(1919年，Albert的一个理论被证明，使他成为当时世界上最著名的科学家！)”提到 Einstein的某个理论于1919年被证实，他成为了当时世界上最著名的科学家，下文“His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television.(他的理论改变了我们对时间和空间的看法，也促进了电视等的发展)”阐述了Einstein研究成果的重大意义；F选项“And he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.(他还获得了1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖)”符合文章的时间顺序，承接上文说明“one of Albert’s theories was proved”后Einstein所取得的奖项，符合语境。故选F。 13．下文“And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. (1933年，Albert决定永远留在美国)”说明Albert Einstein于1933年决定定居美国。A选项“Albert spent lots of time in America.(Albert许多时间是在美国度过的)”符合语境，选项中的“spent lots of time in America”与下文“decided to stay in the USA forever”相呼应。故选A。 （2026·全国二卷·阅读B） 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 （2025·全国二卷·阅读B） 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)” 可知，Ho在露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。 （2023·全国二卷·阅读B） 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $分层作业 Unit 1 Period 3 Using Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 挽救无数人的生命 2. 总结；总之 3. 由于；因为 4. 上台；掌权 5. 结果 6. 好像；似乎 7. 建立在......上 8. 由......判断 9. 酷爱 10. 担任；任职 【答案】 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.save countless lives 2.to sum up 3.due to 4.come to power 5.as a consequence 6.as though 7.be founded on 8.infer from 9.have a passion for 10.take up a position 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.He is a lovely boy, very ________ (温和的) and caring. 2.The good news is that he becomes ___________ (逐渐地) interested in the subject. 3.The __________ (理论) he stuck to for many years turned out to be incorrect. 4.The task requires ________ (非凡的) patience and endurance. 5.I spent six months as a visiting ____________ (教授) at Brown University. 6.The engineer has not yet applied for a ________ (专利) for his latest invention. 7.Sun Yat-sen _____ (建立) the first Republic in China in 1911. 8.When ________ (遭遇) serious problems, we had to abandon the project. 9.Mozart was considered as the greatest musical __________(天才) of all time. 10.No matter what the final result was between Taizhou and Wuxi in the JS Super League, both teams fought hard with incredible __________ (激情). 【答案】 1.gentle/mild 2.gradually 3.theory 4.extraordinary 5.professor 6.patent 7.founded 8.encountering 9.genius 10.passion 三、单句语法填空。 1._________ ( found ) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 2.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbours, _________ ( relative ) speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. 3.To be honest, I am saving _________ sum of money to buy a house for his family. 4.One night, when I was eight, my mother gave me a hug and _________ ( gentle ) asked me a question I would never forget. 5.We all consider this defeat was a _________ ( power ) blow to these young clerks. 6.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion _________ China, which he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7.Our university was founded in October 1951 and is a key _________ ( institute ) of higher learning directly under the Ministry of Education. 8.Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making _________ ( remark ) progress in my studies. 9.With time going by, I _________ ( gradual ) adapted myself to the school life. 10.People fled _________ the burning building as fire tore through the building. 【答案】 1.Founded 2.relatively 3.a 4.gently 5.powerful 6.for 7.institution 8.remarkable 9.gradually 10.from 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 她急急忙忙地离开了房间,好像很生气似的。 She left the room hurriedly _________________________ . 2. 据说他即将去澳大利亚进行科学研究。 _________________________ to Australia for scientific research. 3. 尽管有这些意想不到的困难,那些宇航员还是设法在孤岛上做了实验。 _________________________ , those astronauts managed to carry out their experiments on the lonely island. 4. 我成功地在众多候选人中脱颖而出,并在大学里担任了一名教师。 I _________________________ among the many candidates and took up a position as a teacher in the university. 5. 事实上,汤姆下个月底将担任这家公司的负责人。 As a matter of fact, Tom will _________________________ the company at the end of next month. 【答案】 1.as if she were very angry / as though she were very angry 2.It is said that he is about to go / He is said to be about to go 3.Despite these unexpected difficulties / In spite of these unexpected difficulties 4.successfully stood out / managed to stand out 5.take charge of / take over 五、语法填空 While 1 (work) there, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, he published four extraordinary physics papers and 2 (gradual) became world-famous. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his 3 (explain) of the photoelectric effect. Smart homes will also be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. If they find something wrong they will detect 4 and provide us with the relevant information for us 5 (fix) the problem. In a word, this smart technology is not a fantasy, and it will take some years 6 most new homes begin to use this new technology. Once 7 (cover) by vast sheets of ice, Sarek’s mountains are home to the Sami, the native residents of the park. To keep its natural state, apart 8 the Sami, no one is allowed to live in Sarek, and all new 9 (develop) is banned within the park boundaries. It 10 (hope) that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is, natural and beautiful. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了爱因斯坦、智能家居和萨勒克国家公园。 【答案】1．working 2．gradually 3．explanation 4．it 5．to fix 6．before 7．covered 8．from 9．development 10．is hoped 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里工作期间，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。While引导的时间状语从句使用了省略结构，逻辑主语he和work是主谓关系，所以空处用现在分词，此处省略了he和was。故填working。 2．考查副词。句意：同年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文，逐渐闻名世界。空处修饰became，用副词。gradually意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 3．考查名词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。根据his可知，空处用名词作介词for的宾语。explanation意为“解释”。故填explanation。 4．考查代词。句意：如果它们发现有问题，它们会检测出来并向我们提供相关信息，以便我们解决问题。空处用it指代前面提到的something wrong。故填it。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。为我们提供相关信息是便于我们解决问题，这里用不定式，作目的状语。故填to fix。 6．考查状语从句。句意：总之，这项智能技术不是幻想，大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年时间。it takes some years before...意为“需要一些年才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖，现在是萨米人的家园，萨米人是公园的原住民。本句的谓语是are，所以空处用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Sarek’s mountains和cover之间是动宾关系，且Once表示动作已经发生，所以用过去分词，作状语，表示被动和完成。故填covered。 8．考查介词。句意：为了保持其自然状态，除了萨米人，任何人都不允许住在萨勒克，公园范围内的一切新开发都被禁止了。apart from意为“除了”。故填from。 9．考查名词。句意参考上题。空前有all new，所以空处用名词作主语。development意为“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。 10．考查时态和语态。句意：希望萨勒克国家公园永远保持原样，自然而美丽。It is hoped that...意为“希望……”，It作形式主语，that引导主语从句，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is hoped。 6、 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业） Check out the strict training of Chinese astronauts This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese astronaut to go to space. Since then, another 17 astronauts have reached for the stars. The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing. Experts revealed how tough (困难的) the training is before astronauts can soar (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are confronted (面对) with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of isolation and confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can impair (损害) their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. Apart from physical fitness training, it also encompasses (包含) basic scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. “Nie Haisheng (one of the astronauts) once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. New standards for new missions Who can become astronauts? The first and second generations of Chinese astronauts were selected only from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Air Force. However, since 2018, when the third-generation selection process began, civilians (平民，非军人) have been invited to apply. Qualified civilians good at aeronautics (航空学) are needed. They can fly with pilot astronauts to space to do research as flight engineers (航天飞行工程师) and payload specialists (载荷专家). “Physiological standards for civilian astronauts are slightly more relaxed than those for pilot astronauts. But when it comes to expertise and scientific knowledge, they face higher standards,” Yang Liwei told CCTV News. 1．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．High standards astronauts need to meet. B．Health problems caused by microgravity. C．Requirements of the tough astronaut training. D．Different challenges astronauts face in space. 2．How many training subjects are included in the Chinese astronaut program? A．8. B．17. C．About 100. D．Over 200. 3．Which training subject is the most physically demanding for its participants, according to the article? A．Mock missions. B．Underwater training. C．Physical fitness training. D．Scientific theory learning. 4．Why did Huang mention Nie Haisheng’s two-kilogram weight loss? A．To stress how challenging the training is. B．To describe Nie’s personal achievements. C．To introduce the weight limit for astronauts. D．To explain the importance of proper training. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国载人航天20年来航天员的严苛训练内容、面临的挑战以及不同代际航天员的选拔标准等相关情况。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are confronted (面对) with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of isolation and confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can impair (损害) their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program. (人体并非为太空生活而设计。宇航员在太空任务中会面临诸多挑战。重力的变化可能对他们的身体产生影响。在狭小的航天器中生活数月所带来的孤独感和封闭感，可能会损害他们的心理健康。任务期间出现的紧急情况，会考验他们在巨大压力下运用知识解决问题的能力。因此，宇航员必须达到极高的标准并接受严苛的训练，这也就不足为奇了。)”可知，第二段主要讲述宇航员在太空中面临的不同挑战。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. (中国载人航天工程航天员系统总设计师黄伟芬在接受央视新闻采访时表示：“为确保中国航天员能够顺利完成任务并安全返回地球，我们设置了八大类、200余项训练科目。”)”可知，中国航天员项目包含超过200个训练科目。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. (在各项训练科目中，最累人的是水下训练。这项训练旨在让航天员适应太空中的微重力环境。黄伟芬介绍，航天员要身着重达100多公斤的装备在水下一次待6个小时。水的阻力加上沉重的装备，使得每一个动作都十分费力。)”可知，水下训练对参与者的体能要求最高。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中““Nie Haisheng (one of the astronauts) once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. (黄说：“聂海胜(宇航员之一)曾报告说，在一次水下训练后，体重减轻了两公斤。”)”并结合前文对水下训练强度的描述可知，黄提及聂海胜的体重下降是为了强调训练的挑战性。故选A项。 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·阶段检测） When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety, what people come to mind? Police officers, firefighters or emergency response teams? Would you put your local meteorologist (气象预报员) in this group? That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose, and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Ruiz predicts the weather for her community. In 2020, a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga, Tennessee — and, even closer to home, her house. So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be. However, her job isn’t without difficulties. “Hearing people have been injured, like in a big hurricane, is really hard,” she said. “We try our best to predict the weather as best as we can, and we are getting better. But it can always change.” Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns. She said, “We are absolutely seeing changes in weather, with more intense and more frequent storms, which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere, as the planet warms. There are more frequent droughts, stronger storms, and increasing temperature changes. This makes predicting the weather difficult. Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world. But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy. She said, “I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up. But I kept pushing and working hard, and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market. I’m proud of that.” She wants kids to know they should never give up on their education or their dreams. 5．Why was the disaster in Ruiz’s hometown mentioned in the text? A．To call on people to prepare for disasters. B．To introduce Ruiz’s unusual childhood experience. C．To offer a successful example of weather forecast. D．To show Ruiz’s understanding of the work of a meteorologist. 6．What is a challenge of predicting the weather according to the text? A．Climate change. B．People’s injury. C．Poor technology. D．Lack of experience. 7．Which word can best describe Ruiz according to the last paragraph? A．Creative. B．Clever. C．Hard-working. D．World-famous. 8．In which section of a newspaper may the text appear? A．Sports. B．People. C．Education. D．Health. 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了Ashley Ruiz的职业生涯和个人经历，介绍了她作为气象预报员的工作内容、面临的挑战、对天气变化的看法，以及她如何克服数学难题成为首位女性首席气象预报员的经历。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 2020, a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga, Tennessee—and, even closer to home, her house. So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be.(2020年，一场龙卷风袭击了Ruiz位于田纳西州查塔努加的家乡——甚至离她家更近的地方。所以她说她知道这是一份救命的工作。)”可知，文章提到Ruiz家乡发生的灾难是为了展示她对气象预报员工作的理解。她亲身体验了龙卷风对家乡的破坏，因此她深刻理解这份工作的重要性和救命的性质。这一经历使她更加明白作为气象预报员的责任和使命。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns. She said, “We are absolutely seeing changes in weather, with more intense and more frequent storms, which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere, as the planet warms. There are more frequent droughts, stronger storms, and increasing temperature changes. This makes predicting the weather difficult.( Ruiz谈到了新的和变化中的天气模式。她说：“我们绝对看到了天气的变化，风暴更加剧烈和频繁，这与气候变化有关。”随着地球变暖，天气到处都在变化。干旱更频繁，风暴更猛烈，气温变化更大。这使得预测天气变得困难。)”可知，气候变化使得天气变得更加难以预测，因此是预测天气的一个挑战。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world. But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy. She said, “I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up. But I kept pushing and working hard, and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market. I’m proud of that.”(Ruiz一直知道自己对天气及其对世界的影响感兴趣。但她成为气象学家的道路并不容易。她说：“我在数学上挣扎得很厉害，几乎想放弃了。但我一直在坚持和努力，现在我是巴吞鲁日电视市场的第一位女性首席气象预报员。我为此感到骄傲。”)”可知，Ruiz在数学上挣扎得很厉害，但她一直坚持不懈地努力工作，最终成为了巴吞鲁日电视市场的首位女性首席气象预报员。这显示了她是一个勤奋努力的人。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety, what people come to mind? Police officers, firefighters or emergency response teams? Would you put your local meteorologist (气象预报员) in this group? That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose, and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Ruiz predicts the weather for her community.(当你想到谁负责城市的安全时，你会想到哪些人？警察、消防员还是应急响应团队？你会把当地的气象预报员归入这个群体吗？这就是Ashley Ruiz选择的职业，现在她是路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日的第一位女性首席气象预报员。Ruiz为她的社区预测天气。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了Ashley Ruiz作为气象预报员的职业生涯和个人经历，包括她如何克服困难成为首位女性首席气象预报员，以及她对天气和气候变化的看法。这种关于人物成长和成就的文章更适合出现在报纸的“People”（人物）栏目中。故选B。 （22-23高一上·河南信阳·期中） Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879. 9 Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first paper. However, Einstein did badly at school. 10 He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him work finally. Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing (发表) four scientific papers! 11 One of the things he researched was that energy and mass (质量) are different forms of the same thing. This was explained by his famous equation E=mc². In 1909 Albert was finally made a professor at the University of Zurich. He continued improving his work, and in 1915 he published his theory of general relativity (广义相对论) . In 1919, one of Albert’s theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive! 12 His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television. 13 And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. He became an American in 1940. Sadly, Einstein’s work with atoms (原子) led to the invention of the atomic bomb. Albert spent the rest of his life taking part in activities for world peace. He died in 1955. A．Albert spent lots of time in America. B．Einstein loved to use his imagination. C．His work turned modern physics on its head. D．Even as an adult, Einstein was disorganized. E．As a child, he enjoyed solving math problems. F．And he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics. G．One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything! 【答案】9．E 10．G 11．C 12．F 13．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Albert Einstein的生平。 【详解】9．上文“Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879.( Albert Einstein于1879年3月14日出生于德国乌尔姆) ”介绍Einstein出生日期和出生地；下文“Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first paper.( Einstein非常聪明，16岁时就写了他的第一篇论文) ”介绍了Einstein16岁时的成就；结合全文内容可知文章按照时间顺序展开，由此可知，E选项“As a child, he enjoyed solving math problems(小时候，他喜欢解决数学问题)”介绍Einstein孩童时期的情况，符合语境。故选E。 10．由上文“However, Einstein did badly at school. (然而，爱因斯坦在学校表现很差)”可知Einstein在学校的成绩不好；下文“He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him work finally.(他最后在瑞士上了大学。他的成绩意味着毕业后很难找到工作，但一个朋友最终为他找到了工作)”说明虽然他最终上了大学，但成绩不好；G选项“One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!(一位老师甚至说他永远不会取得任何成就！)”承接上文进一步说明Einstein在学校成绩不好，与上下文表达的意思一致；句中的“One teacher”与上文的“at school”相呼应。故选G。 11．上文“Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing(发表) four scientific papers! (Albert在1905年度过了伟大的一年，发表了四篇科学论文！)”介绍了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就；由此推知，空处陈述他的研究的意义。C选项“His work turned modern physics on its head.(他的研究成果彻底改变了现代物理学)”符合题意。故选C。 12．上文“In 1919, one of Albert’s theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive!(1919年，Albert的一个理论被证明，使他成为当时世界上最著名的科学家！)”提到 Einstein的某个理论于1919年被证实，他成为了当时世界上最著名的科学家，下文“His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television.(他的理论改变了我们对时间和空间的看法，也促进了电视等的发展)”阐述了Einstein研究成果的重大意义；F选项“And he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.(他还获得了1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖)”符合文章的时间顺序，承接上文说明“one of Albert’s theories was proved”后Einstein所取得的奖项，符合语境。故选F。 13．下文“And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. (1933年，Albert决定永远留在美国)”说明Albert Einstein于1933年决定定居美国。A选项“Albert spent lots of time in America.(Albert许多时间是在美国度过的)”符合语境，选项中的“spent lots of time in America”与下文“decided to stay in the USA forever”相呼应。故选A。 （2026·全国二卷·阅读B） Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 25. What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A. Its natural environment. B. Its large-sized houses. C. The convenience of its location. D. The warmth of its residents. 26. What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A. It is older than its owner. B. It uses local materials. C. It has a pointed roof. D. It is put up for sale. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 （2025·全国二卷·阅读B） Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 24. Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A. Sick children. B. Young nurses. C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents. 25. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation. C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles. 26. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 27. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope. C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)” 可知，Ho在露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。 （2023·全国二卷·阅读B） Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 3 Using Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 挽救无数人的生命 2. 总结；总之 3. 由于；因为 4. 上台；掌权 5. 结果 6. 好像；似乎 7. 建立在......上 8. 由......判断 9. 酷爱 10. 担任；任职 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.He is a lovely boy, very ________ (温和的) and caring. 2.The good news is that he becomes ___________ (逐渐地) interested in the subject. 3.The __________ (理论) he stuck to for many years turned out to be incorrect. 4.The task requires ________ (非凡的) patience and endurance. 5.I spent six months as a visiting ____________ (教授) at Brown University. 6.The engineer has not yet applied for a ________ (专利) for his latest invention. 7.Sun Yat-sen _____ (建立) the first Republic in China in 1911. 8.When ________ (遭遇) serious problems, we had to abandon the project. 9.Mozart was considered as the greatest musical __________(天才) of all time. 10.No matter what the final result was between Taizhou and Wuxi in the JS Super League, both teams fought hard with incredible __________ (激情). 三、单句语法填空。 1._________ ( found ) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 2.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbours, _________ ( relative ) speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. 3.To be honest, I am saving _________ sum of money to buy a house for his family. 4.One night, when I was eight, my mother gave me a hug and _________ ( gentle ) asked me a question I would never forget. 5.We all consider this defeat was a _________ ( power ) blow to these young clerks. 6.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion _________ China, which he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7.Our university was founded in October 1951 and is a key _________ ( institute ) of higher learning directly under the Ministry of Education. 8.Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making _________ ( remark ) progress in my studies. 9.With time going by, I _________ ( gradual ) adapted myself to the school life. 10.People fled _________ the burning building as fire tore through the building. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 她急急忙忙地离开了房间,好像很生气似的。 She left the room hurriedly _________________________ . 2. 据说他即将去澳大利亚进行科学研究。 _________________________ to Australia for scientific research. 3. 尽管有这些意想不到的困难,那些宇航员还是设法在孤岛上做了实验。 _________________________ , those astronauts managed to carry out their experiments on the lonely island. 4. 我成功地在众多候选人中脱颖而出,并在大学里担任了一名教师。 I _________________________ among the many candidates and took up a position as a teacher in the university. 5. 事实上,汤姆下个月底将担任这家公司的负责人。 As a matter of fact, Tom will _________________________ the company at the end of next month. 五、语法填空 While 1 (work) there, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, he published four extraordinary physics papers and 2 (gradual) became world-famous. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his 3 (explain) of the photoelectric effect. Smart homes will also be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. If they find something wrong they will detect 4 and provide us with the relevant information for us 5 (fix) the problem. In a word, this smart technology is not a fantasy, and it will take some years 6 most new homes begin to use this new technology. Once 7 (cover) by vast sheets of ice, Sarek’s mountains are home to the Sami, the native residents of the park. To keep its natural state, apart 8 the Sami, no one is allowed to live in Sarek, and all new 9 (develop) is banned within the park boundaries. It 10 (hope) that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is, natural and beautiful. 6、 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业） Check out the strict training of Chinese astronauts This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese astronaut to go to space. Since then, another 17 astronauts have reached for the stars. The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing. Experts revealed how tough (困难的) the training is before astronauts can soar (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are confronted (面对) with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of isolation and confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can impair (损害) their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. Apart from physical fitness training, it also encompasses (包含) basic scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. “Nie Haisheng (one of the astronauts) once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. New standards for new missions Who can become astronauts? The first and second generations of Chinese astronauts were selected only from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Air Force. However, since 2018, when the third-generation selection process began, civilians (平民，非军人) have been invited to apply. Qualified civilians good at aeronautics (航空学) are needed. They can fly with pilot astronauts to space to do research as flight engineers (航天飞行工程师) and payload specialists (载荷专家). “Physiological standards for civilian astronauts are slightly more relaxed than those for pilot astronauts. But when it comes to expertise and scientific knowledge, they face higher standards,” Yang Liwei told CCTV News. 1．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．High standards astronauts need to meet. B．Health problems caused by microgravity. C．Requirements of the tough astronaut training. D．Different challenges astronauts face in space. 2．How many training subjects are included in the Chinese astronaut program? A．8. B．17. C．About 100. D．Over 200. 3．Which training subject is the most physically demanding for its participants, according to the article? A．Mock missions. B．Underwater training. C．Physical fitness training. D．Scientific theory learning. 4．Why did Huang mention Nie Haisheng’s two-kilogram weight loss? A．To stress how challenging the training is. B．To describe Nie’s personal achievements. C．To introduce the weight limit for astronauts. D．To explain the importance of proper training. （24-25高二上·河北沧州·阶段检测） When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety, what people come to mind? Police officers, firefighters or emergency response teams? Would you put your local meteorologist (气象预报员) in this group? That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose, and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Ruiz predicts the weather for her community. In 2020, a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga, Tennessee — and, even closer to home, her house. So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be. However, her job isn’t without difficulties. “Hearing people have been injured, like in a big hurricane, is really hard,” she said. “We try our best to predict the weather as best as we can, and we are getting better. But it can always change.” Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns. She said, “We are absolutely seeing changes in weather, with more intense and more frequent storms, which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere, as the planet warms. There are more frequent droughts, stronger storms, and increasing temperature changes. This makes predicting the weather difficult. Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world. But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy. She said, “I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up. But I kept pushing and working hard, and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market. I’m proud of that.” She wants kids to know they should never give up on their education or their dreams. 5．Why was the disaster in Ruiz’s hometown mentioned in the text? A．To call on people to prepare for disasters. B．To introduce Ruiz’s unusual childhood experience. C．To offer a successful example of weather forecast. D．To show Ruiz’s understanding of the work of a meteorologist. 6．What is a challenge of predicting the weather according to the text? A．Climate change. B．People’s injury. C．Poor technology. D．Lack of experience. 7．Which word can best describe Ruiz according to the last paragraph? A．Creative. B．Clever. C．Hard-working. D．World-famous. 8．In which section of a newspaper may the text appear? A．Sports. B．People. C．Education. D．Health. （22-23高一上·河南信阳·期中） Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on 14 March, 1879. 9 Einstein was so smart that at age 16 he wrote his first paper. However, Einstein did badly at school. 10 He ended up at college in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult to get a job after college, but a friend found him work finally. Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing (发表) four scientific papers! 11 One of the things he researched was that energy and mass (质量) are different forms of the same thing. This was explained by his famous equation E=mc². In 1909 Albert was finally made a professor at the University of Zurich. He continued improving his work, and in 1915 he published his theory of general relativity (广义相对论) . In 1919, one of Albert’s theories was proved, making him the most famous scientist alive! 12 His work changed the way we think about time and space, and also helped with developments like the television. 13 And in 1933, Albert decided to stay in the USA forever. He became an American in 1940. Sadly, Einstein’s work with atoms (原子) led to the invention of the atomic bomb. Albert spent the rest of his life taking part in activities for world peace. He died in 1955. A．Albert spent lots of time in America. B．Einstein loved to use his imagination. C．His work turned modern physics on its head. D．Even as an adult, Einstein was disorganized. E．As a child, he enjoyed solving math problems. F．And he won the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics. G．One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything! （2026·全国二卷·阅读B） Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 25. What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A. Its natural environment. B. Its large-sized houses. C. The convenience of its location. D. The warmth of its residents. 26. What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A. It is older than its owner. B. It uses local materials. C. It has a pointed roof. D. It is put up for sale. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. （2025·全国二卷·阅读B） Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 24. Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A. Sick children. B. Young nurses. C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents. 25. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation. C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles. 26. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 27. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope. C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories. （2023·全国二卷·阅读B） Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $