Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language-分层课后练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 该同步练习通过A级基础巩固与B级能力提升的分层设计，构建从单一语法点到语篇综合应用的知识巩固路径，适配高中英语新授课场景，助力语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A级|关系词用法、基础句型转换|单句语法填空（如第1-6题）聚焦关系代词/副词，单句写作（如“5G技术”句）强化语法结构应用，综合性语法题（卓别林短文）实现基础语法串联| |B级|语篇理解、语法综合应用|阅读理解（Clarissa Barton传记）考查信息获取，完形填空（William Thomson生平）结合科学史深化词汇语境应用，语篇填空（诺贝尔物理学奖新闻）实现语法知识在真实语篇中的迁移|

Learning About Language A级 必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Mr Yang,　　　　　　　　 is a professor from Beihang University,will briefly introduce the history of China’s space industry.  2.The research team consisted of experts in various fields,most of 　　　　　　had years of experience in their respective areas.  3.The Jiangsu countryside is home to a lot of small beautiful water towns,many of 　　　　　　are located along the Grand Canal.  4.They were grateful to Mr White,without 　　　　　help they wouldn’t have succeeded in solving the difficult problem.  5.Have you ever been to the Louvre Museum in Paris,　　　　　　　 you can see many famous paintings on display?  6.The year 1969 was a great and special year, man first landed on the moon. Ⅱ.单句写作 1.5G技术的发展正在全球范围内推进,这意味着更快的网速和更可靠的连接。 The development of 5G technology is progressing in the world,　　　　　　　　　　 faster Internet speeds and more reliable connections.  2.众所周知,李四光毕生研究中国地形地貌,为石油和矿产资源勘探作出了重要贡献。 　　　　　　　　　　 Li Siguang committed himself to studying China’s landforms and made crucial contributions to oil and mineral resource exploration.  3.昨天下午我给几个朋友打电话,他们都对我的发起社区图书交换的想法不感兴趣。 I called several friends yesterday afternoon,　　　　　　　　　　　　 my idea of launching a neighbourhood book exchange program.  4.网络已经成为现代交流的重要工具,没有它,我们很难随时与家人或朋友保持联系。 The Internet has become an essential tool for modern communication,　　　　　　　　　　 it’s difficult for us to keep in touch with our family and friends easily.  5.他们慢慢地朝着那座古庙走去,在它前面矗立着一棵有100多年历史的高高的松树。 They walked up to the ancient temple slowly,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 over a hundred years old.  Ⅲ.综合性语法题 用适当的关系词完成短文。 1.　　　　　　 is known to us all,Charlie Chaplin was a British actor,filmmaker and composer.He became famous in the 1910s,2.　　　　　　 the film was silent and in black and white.  Charlie Chaplin knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh,for 3.　　　　　　he was one of the best comedy actors of his time.I like the little Tramp,4.　　　　　 is the most famous character.The Tramp is a poor man with a kind heart 5.　　　　　had unexpected adventures.My favourite film of Charlie Chaplin is Modern Times.Charlie Chaplin,many of 6.　　　　　films bring pleasures to the audience,will be respected and remembered by the public.  B级 能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 Clarissa Barton,known as Clara,would later make the history of her own as the “Angel of the Battlefield” in the Civil War and as the founder of the American Red Cross disaster-relief agency.Clara Barton’s long life was dedicated to(致力于) serving others. She was born in Massachusetts on December 25,1821,the youngest of Stephen and Sarah Barton’s five children.She became a teacher at age 17 and started two schools,but left teaching when a man was hired on twice her salary (工资).In her 30s,she moved to Washington,D.C.,and joined the United States Patent Office as a recording clerk,the first woman in that role.But her boss didn’t agree with women working in the government,so she was demoted (降职).These experiences led to Barton’s later support for civil(公民的) rights. After the Civil War began in 1861,she repeatedly transported food and other supplies to where the need was greatest.She got the nickname “Angel of the Battlefield” after tirelessly tending Union (Northern) soldiers wounded at the Battle of Cedar Mountain in Culpeper County,Virginia,in August 1862. When the war ended,Barton launched an effort to find missing Union soldiers.Over four years,more than 22,000 were identified.She also helped to educate people. Extremely tired,Barton went to Europe to rest.In Switzerland,she learned of a new organization,the International Committee of the Red Cross.She returned to the United States and in 1881 formed the American Red Cross.She led the group for 23 years,providing help for people who suffered floods,earthquakes,fires,droughts,and tornadoes around the world. Even at age 83,she wasn’t done.Her final years were spent starting an association (协会) that promoted first-aid instruction and emergency preparedness.She died at her home in Glen Echo,Maryland,now a national historic site,in April 1912.Her last words were “Let me go.Let me go.” After 75 years dedicated to helping others,it was time. 1.What once led to Barton’s support for civil rights? A.She didn’t have the chance to study with boys. B.She was little cared about by her family. C.She was not praised by her teacher ever. D.She didn’t get the same treatment as men. 2.What happened when Barton returned to America? A.She chose to stay in her hometown for the rest of her life. B.She formed an organization to help people in need. C.She asked people to protect national historic sites. D.She started to learn about a new organization. 3.This text is developed 　　　.  A.by space　　　　　　B.by comparison C.by process D.by time Ⅴ.完形填空 William Thomson was born on 26 June,1824 in Belfast.He was taught by his father,a professor of mathematics.In 1832,the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10,then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities.In 1846 he became a professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow,a post he 　1　 for more than 50 years.  In Glasgow,Thomson 　2　 the first physics laboratory in Britain.He was a pioneer in many different 　3　,particularly electromagnetism(电磁学) and thermodynamics(热力学).　4　 Faraday(法拉第),he was responsible for the introduction of the 　5　 of an electromagnetic field where Thomson developed the work of the 　6　 of the subject,Nicolas Carnot and James Joule.One of the most 　7　 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature — the scale based on this is named 　8　 him.  Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science.He achieved 　9　 through his work on submarine telegraphy,a major practical problem of the day.He was 　10　 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857—1858 and 1865—1866,for which he was knighted in 1866.His 　11　 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 　12　 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment.He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 　13　 by electric light.  Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 　14　 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892.The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895.He died on 17 December,1907,in Ayrshire,Scotland and was 　15　 in Westminster Abbey.  1.A.sought B.convinced C.admired D.held 2.A.took up B.broke up C.set up D.blew up 3.A.fields B.countries C.labs D.colleges 4.A.In spite of B.Except for C.Together with D.Regardless of 5.A.command B.condition C.contract D.concept 6.A.learners B.pioneers C.competitors D.enemies 7.A.important B.domestic C.fortunate D.positive 8.A.for B.with C.after D.on 9.A.aspect B.fame C.contribution D.enthusiasm 10.A.considered B.attracted C.employed D.accused 11.A.hobby B.desire C.success D.interest 12.A.operate B.invent C.control D.produce 13.A.lit B.built C.decorated D.equipped 14.A.title B.name C.honor D.award 15.A.preserved B.respected C.admitted D.buried Ⅵ.语篇填空 (2026江西景德镇高二期中) STOCKHOLM—Three US-based scientists,John Clarke,Michel H.Devoret and John M.Martinis,1.　　　　　　　　　(award) the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics on Tuesday.They won the prize for their 2.　　　　　　 (discover) of macroscopic quantum mechanical(量子力学的) tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit—a breakthrough opening new doors for quantum technology.  The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences praised their experiments,saying they revealed quantum physics in action.It stressed that 3.　　　　　 makes the discovery special is its mix of theory and practice:It not only confirms a key quantum principle,but also provides a 4.　　　　　(practice) solution for testing quantum effects in real-world devices.  Quantum mechanics allows particles 5.　　　　　(pass) through barriers,a process 6.　　　　　　(call) tunnelling.Normally,such effects fade when many particles are involved,7.　　　　　 their experiments showed quantum behavior can still appear on a large scale.  8.　　　　　(build) on this finding,researchers have developed new quantum tools,like ultra-sensitive sensors.“Quantum mechanics is not just a theory—it serves 9.　　　　　 the basis of all digital technology we use now,” said Olle Eriksson,chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics.He added that the prize is a reminder of how basic science can drive technological change 10.　　　　　　(remarkable).   知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.introduce vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　→introduction n.　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.knight vt.　　　　　　　　　　　  3.involve vt.　　　　　　→involved adj.　　　　　　　　　　→involvement n.　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.hold　本文义:vt.　　　　　　　  其他义:vt.　　　　　　　　　　　  2.raise　本文义:vt.　　　　　　　　　　  其他义:　　　　　　　　　　　  3.stress　本文义:vt.　　　　　　　  其他义:vt.　　　　　　n.　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.make the history of 　　　　　　　　　　  2.be named after 　　　　　　　　　　　  3.regardless of 　　　　　　　　　　　  4.on a large scale 　　　　　　　　　　　  参考答案 Ⅰ.1.who　2.whom　3.which　4.whose　5.where 6.when Ⅱ.1.which means　2.As we all know/As is known to us all　3.none of whom was/were interested in　4.without which 5.in front of which stood a tall pine tree Ⅲ.1.As　2.when　3.which　4.who　5.who　6.whose Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国女人道主义者、美国红十字会的创建人Clarissa Barton的故事。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She became a teacher at age 17...These experiences led to Barton’s later support for civil rights.”可知,Barton在学校教书时获得的工资只有男教师的一半,这也是促使她为民权奋斗的原因之一。故选D项。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She returned to the United States...and tornadoes around the world.”可知,Barton返回美国后成立了一个组织来帮助有需要的人。故选B项。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“on December 25,1821”,“at age 17”,“In her 30s”,第三段中的“in 1861”,“in August 1862”,以及倒数第二段中的“at age 83”和“in April 1912”可知,这篇文章是按照时间顺序向读者介绍了Clarissa Barton的故事。故选D项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了开尔文勋爵——威廉·汤姆森的生平及其在科学领域的贡献,包括他在电磁学、热力学等方面的开创性工作,以及他在实际应用科学中的成就。 1.D　根据上文“In 1846 he became a professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow”和后文“for more than 50 years”可知,汤姆森担任教授职位长达50多年。故选D项。 2.C　根据下文“the first physics laboratory in Britain”可知,此处指汤姆森是“建立”了英国首个物理实验室。故选C项。 3.A　根据下文“particularly electromagnetism and thermodynamics”可知,电磁学和热力学属于科学的不同领域。故选A项。 4.C　根据下文“he was responsible for the introduction of the 　　　of an electromagnetic field”可知,汤姆森和法拉第共同推动了电磁场概念的引入,强调合作。故选C项。  5.D　根据下文“of an electromagnetic field”可知,电磁场是一个科学概念。故选D项。 6.B　根据下文“Nicolas Carnot and James Joule”可知,这些都是电磁学领域的先驱人物。故选B项。 7.A　根据下文“his idea of an absolute zero of temperature”可知,绝对零度的提出是科学史上“重要的”成果。故选A项。 8.C　根据“One of the most 　　　results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature—the scale based on this is named 　　　him.”可知,温度单位是以汤姆森的名字命名的,固定搭配“be named after”,表示“以……命名”。故选C项。  9.B　根据下文“He was 　　　as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857—1858 and 1865—1866,for which he was knighted in 1866.”可知,汤姆森因贡献被封爵,说明他获得了名声。故选B项。  10.C　根据下文“as a scientific adviser”可知,汤姆森被聘为科学顾问。故选C项。 11.D　根据下文“also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 　　　a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment”可知,汤姆森对海洋问题的“兴趣”促使他发明航海设备。故选D项。  12.B　根据上文“develop a mariners’ compass”和下文“a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment”可知,这些都是他发明的设备。故选B项。 13.A　根据下文“by electric light”可知,房子被电灯照亮。故选A项。 14.A　根据下文“Baron Kelvin of Largs”可知,这是授予的贵族头衔。故选A项。 15.D　根据下文“in Westminster Abbey”可知,汤姆森去世后被“安葬”在威斯敏斯特教堂,故选D项。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了2025年诺贝尔物理学奖的获奖情况,三位美国科学家因发现电路中的宏观量子力学隧穿效应和能量量子化而获奖。 1.were awarded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作谓语,根据时间状语on Tuesday可知,此处应使用一般过去时,award与主语之间为被动关系,所以使用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为复数名词,所以谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were awarded。 2.discovery　考查名词。空处应用名词作宾语,discover的名词为discovery意为“发现”,且为不可数名词。故填discovery。 3.what　考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4.practical　考查形容词。修饰名词solution需用形容词practical作定语。故填practical。 5.to pass　考查非谓语动词以及固定搭配。固定短语allow sb/sth to do sth,意为“允许某人/某物做某事”,所以此处应为不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to pass。 6.called　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词process,call与名词process之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填called。 7.but　考查连词。前半句“这类效应会减弱”与后半句“他们的实验显示量子行为仍能大规模出现”是转折关系,故用but连接。故填but。 8.Building　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语,build与逻辑主语researchers之间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词形式作状语,且位于句首时首字母需大写。故填Building。 9.as　考查介词以及固定搭配。固定短语serve as意为“充当,作为”。故填as。 10.remarkably　考查副词。空处应为副词作状语修饰动词drive,remarkable的副词为remarkably,意为“显著地”。故填remarkably。 知识积累卡 一、1.介绍;引见;推行;采用　介绍;引见;采用　2.封(某人)为爵士　3.使参加　参与的;投入的　参与;加入 二、1.担任;拥有　举行;举着;支撑　2.擢升;晋封;授予(爵位/头衔)　举起;增加,提高;募集　3.强调;着重　重读　压力;紧张 三、1.创造……的历史　2.以……命名　3.不管;不顾 4.大规模地 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $