预习04 Unit 1 Look it up!题型组合练（语法选择+完形填空+阅读理解+语篇填空） 【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷）

**基本信息** 以“查阅工具与知识获取”为主题，整合完形填空、语法选择等题型，实现语法词汇双重复习，渗透语言能力与学习能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|3篇（字典/阅读/百科）|固定搭配（look up）、上下文推理、时态一致|围绕“工具使用”主题，重复考查动词短语与名词辨析| |语法选择|3篇（达芬奇/爱因斯坦/贝聿铭）|代词运用、时态判断、介词搭配（a type of）|人物事迹载体，覆盖中考核心语法点| |阅读理解|3篇（字典/阅读/百科）|细节定位、词义推测|从工具功能到文化价值，构建知识体系| |语篇填词|3篇（永乐大典/聂耳/百科）|首字母联想、词性转换|主题词汇复现，强化拼写与语境应用|

【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷） 预习04 Unit 1 Look it up!题型组合练（语法选择3+完形填空3+阅读理解+3语篇填词3） 1、 完形填空 （1） Look it up! Dictionaries are great reference books for English learners. When we meet new words in reading or listening, we can 1 them up in dictionaries. They 2 lots of useful knowledge and clear facts for us. Our English teacher often 3 us to use dictionaries. She says we can 4 different reading ways to understand language better. Many students think doing research in dictionaries is helpful. Last week, we had a reading class. We learned some ancient stories. We met many strange words. Our teacher told us 5 look up each unknown word. We enjoyed 6 different language skills together. There 7 plenty of fun information in the reading text. After reading, we did listening practice. It helped us 8 and master language rules. I believe that if we keep using dictionaries and practise reading and listening every day, we will get much more 9 . Don’t be lazy. Try your best 10 more reference books in your free time. 1．A．look B．take C．pick D．get 2．A．advise B．include C．research D．experience 3．A．advise B．advises C．advising D．advised 4．A．experience B．to experience C．experiencing D．experienced 5．A．for B．to C．at D．with 6．A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 7．A．is B．are C．was D．were 8．A．understand B．understands C．understanding D．understood 9．A．fact B．word C．knowledge D．story 10．A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads （2） Reading is a good habit. We can learn a lot from books. When we meet a new word, we can 11 it up in a dictionary. It helps us know the 12 of the word. There are many books in the 13 . We can 14 books and read them. We must return them 15 time. Books 16 us knowledge and make us wise. Reading can 17 our vocabulary and improve our memory. We should keep reading every day. Don’t 18 up reading even if you are busy. Reading makes our life 19 and colourful. Let’s 20 reading as a lifelong hobby. 11．A．take B．look C．get D．turn 12．A．meaning B．way C．use D．write 13．A．school B．library C．home D．shop 14．A．buy B．borrow C．lend D．throw 15．A．in B．on C．at D．for 16．A．give B．make C．take D．let 17．A．increase B．work C．pull D．fall 18．A．give B．get C．turn D．wake 19．A．boring B．interesting C．tiring D．quiet 20．A．take B．make C．look D．turn （3） Encyclopaedias have a long history. The word “encyclopaedia” comes from a Greek word meaning “general education”. People use them to 21 information about different subjects. In China, one of the first encyclopaedias was the Huanglan, created around 220 CE. Later, the Yongle Dadian was completed in 1408. It 22 over 11,000 volumes, making it one of the largest encyclopaedias ever. Both works 23 important information about history, art and science. In Europe, the earliest encyclopaedias were written by the Greeks in the 4th century BCE. They were 24 to early Chinese encyclopaedias because they collected works by different scholars. Centuries later, the first modern encyclopaedias like Encyclopaedia Britannica were 25 . The editors 26 the entries in alphabetical order, which made it much easier to 27 information. Today, most people use online encyclopaedias. They are fast and 28 , and you can find information in seconds. However, some people still 29 paper encyclopaedias. Encyclopaedias have played an important role in 30 knowledge for centuries, and they are still useful tools for learning. 21．A．look for B．look after C．look up D．look at 22．A．included B．invented C．created D．produced 23．A．recorded B．wrote C．painted D．built 24．A．different B．similar C．same D．like 25．A．publish B．published C．publishing D．publishes 26．A．organized B．ordered C．recorded D．included 27．A．look B．find C．invent D．create 28．A．convenient B．difficult C．slow D．new 29．A．prefer B．like C．enjoy D．love 30．A．spread B．spreading C．collect D．collecting 二、语法选择 （1） Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. He was extremely intelligent and unusually talented. 31 paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From 32 early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he 33 to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps 34 painting in the world. He also had 35 inventions in his notebooks, including drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs are a type 36 prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from Greek words, and it means“terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 37 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. They came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and 38 were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. They suddenly died out about 66 million years ago. Scientists are not 39 sure why. They are learning more about dinosaurs by 40 their fossils. 31．A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 32．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 33．A．learn B．learns C．learnt D．will learn 34．A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous 35．A．many B．much C．few D．a little 36．A．with B．for C．of D．by 37．A．and B．or C．nor D．but 38．A．others B．other C．another D．the other 39．A．complete B．completely C．completed D．completion 40．A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying （2） At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of crazy kids. Because he was so busy 41 , he didn’t study 42 and failed his final exam. One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing tool and was about to go fishing with his friends, his father stopped 43 and said seriously, “Einstein, you were 44 crazy about playing that you failed your exam. I’m worried about your future.” “What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed, but they still went fishing.” “My boy, there is a story that people tell in our hometown. Listen to it now.” “There were two cats playing on the top of a house. One cat was careless and 45 down the chimney （烟囱）while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out 46 the chimney, one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face, while the other cat’s face was clean. Seeing the soot-faced cat, the clean cat thought its face 47 be dirty, so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face. The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat 48 thought its face was also clean, so it just walked down the street happily.” “Einstein, no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. 49 you follow others, you will never learn.” Hearing this, Einstein laid down his fishing tool and returned to his room. He studied hard and didn’t follow others from them on. This helped him 50 successful. 41．A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 42．A．hard enough B．enough hard C．hardly enough D．enough hardly 43．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 44．A．such B．as C．so D．such a 45．A．has fallen B．felt C．fell D．feel 46．A．behind B．of C．among D．between 47．A．can B．may C．must D．might 48．A．but B．so C．or D．and 49．A．If B．Unless C．Although D．Though 50．A．is B．being C．was D．be （3） Do you know Ieoh Ming Pei? Now let me tell you 51 about him. What did Ieoh Ming Pei do? He was a Chinese-American architect（建筑师）. He was born 52 April 26, 1917, in Guangzhou, China. And he 53 in 2019. However, he will be remembered by people all over the world. From an early age, Ieoh Ming Pei had great 54 in architecture. Pei moved to the United States when he was 17 years old. Then, he went to MIT and studied architecture there. In 1940, he 55 got a bachelor’s degree in architecture at MIT. After 56 his studies in MIT, Pei continued his studies at Harvard Graduate School of Design. During World War Ⅱ, Pei took a break from his education. In 1944, he returned to Harvard and got his master’s degree in architecture two years later. In 1955, Pei set up 57 own company, I. M. Pei & Associate. One of his   58 major projects was the Mile High Center in Denver, Colorado. Later Pei became famous. He 59 got lots of good words for his talent for architecture. He once won lots of prizes because he created 60 great work. Ieoh Ming Pei was easy-going and he never wanted to show off. However, most people thought he was a great teacher of modern architecture. In 1983, he was awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize for his contributions to his field. 51．A．somebody B．nobody C．something D．nothing 52．A．in B．on C．at D．of 53．A．die B．dying C．death D．died 54．A．interesting B．interested C．interest D．interestingly 55．A．successful B．successfully C．success D．succeed 56．A．finishing B．finish C．finished D．finishes 57．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 58．A．first B．the first C．one D．the one 59．A．also B．too C．as well D．either 60．A．little B．few C．some D．any 三、阅读理解 （1） Why do we need dictionaries when learning English? First, dictionaries help us look up new words in reading materials. When we read English articles, we will meet many unknown words. We can check their meanings quickly. Second, dictionaries include lots of useful facts and knowledge. We can do simple research about words and culture in them. Our textbook Section 1 tells us to experience and understand language through Reading and Listening. Reading reference books like dictionaries improves our reading skills. Listening to English tapes after checking words helps us understand language better. Our English teacher always advises us to carry small dictionaries when we read. Practising reading and listening every day is the best way to learn English well. 61．What can we do with dictionaries when we meet new words? A．Look them up B．Write them down C．Read them aloud D．Remember them quickly 62．What do dictionaries include according to the passage? A．Only stories B．Useful facts and knowledge C．Listening tapes D．All history books 63．Which two ways help us experience and understand language? A．Writing and speaking B．Reading and Listening C．Drawing and talking D．Researching and playing 64．What does the teacher advise students to carry? A．English tapes B．Story magazines C．Small dictionaries D．Reference notebooks 65．What is the main idea of the text? A．How to use dictionaries to learn English well B．How to read ancient stories C．Ways to do listening practice D．Different kinds of reference books （2） Reading is very important in our lives. When we find new words, we can look them up in dictionaries or on the Internet. Dictionaries tell us meanings, pronunciations and usages of words. They help us understand the text better. We can borrow books from the library. We should read different kinds of books, such as storybooks, history books and science books. Reading not only increases our vocabulary but also opens our eyes to the world. It makes us wise and improves our writing skills. We should keep reading every day and make it a good lifelong habit. 66．What can we do when we meet new words? A．Guess carelessly B．Look them up C．Ignore them D．Ask no one 67．What do dictionaries NOT tell us? A．Meanings B．Pronunciations C．Stories D．Usages 68．Where can we borrow books? A．From the library B．From the shop C．From the hospital D．From the factory 69．What can reading bring us? A．More worries B．Bigger vocabulary C．Less knowledge D．Fewer skills 70．What does the writer advise us to do? A．Stop reading B．Read only storybooks C．Keep reading every day D．Never use dictionaries （3） An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book, or a set of books. It contains valuable information on many different subjects, or it can focus deeply on one subject. For over 2,000 years, encyclopaedias have summarized human knowledge to help people learn. The word “encyclopaedia” comes from ancient Greek words meaning “all-round education”. At first, it described a complete system of learning. A German writer, Paul Scalich, was the first to use “encyclopaedia” as the actual title for a book in 1559. Before that, these books often had creative names or were simply called “dictionaries”. Denis Diderot later made “encyclopaedia” more popular with his well-known French “Encyclopédie”. The meaning of “encyclopaedia” has changed greatly. Today, people usually think of a large set of books. These books often include maps, pictures, and an index to help find information. They cover many various topics, including biographies of important people, both in the past and at present. Many experts write these articles, and skilled editors carefully put them together. However, encyclopaedias weren’t always exactly like this. In the past, some were just a single book written by one person, while others were indeed huge sets. They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people. Arranging topics alphabetically or using languages other than Latin took many years to become very common. Encyclopaedias can cover all knowledge or focus on specific broad areas, like history or science. They are important because they record what people knew at different specific times. Even old encyclopaedias are valuable because they contain writings from many great thinkers and leaders, showing how our understanding of the world has greatly grown. 71．What is the main purpose of an encyclopaedia? A．To replace formal education systems. B．To advertise new scientific discoveries. C．To entertain readers with creative stories. D．To summarize human knowledge for learning. 72．How did early encyclopaedias differ from modern ones? A．They focused only on science. B．They were always written in Latin. C．They often didn’t have illustrations. D．They never covered multiple subjects. 73．What does the underlined word “index” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．索引 B．封皮 C．脚注 D．标题 74．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①Modern features     ②Definition     ③Value     ④Past features     ⑤History) A．②→⑤→①→④→③ B．⑤→②→④→①→③ C．②→①→⑤→③→④ D．①→⑤→②→④→③ 75．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A fiction novel about Greek scholars. B．A museum guidebook about ancient books. C．A newspaper article on modern technology. D．An educational magazine on knowledge tools. 四、语篇填词 （1） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 The Yongle Encyclopedia The Yongle Encyclopedia is a famous ancient Chinese encyclopedia. In the Ming Dynasty, the emperor wanted to c 76 a huge book to record all knowledge of that time. Scholars o 77 thousands of old books and materials, then put them in o 78 by topic. They worked carefully to edit the content, making sure each part was accurate. The encyclopedia has over 11,000 v 79 , each filled with information about history, literature, science, and art. It not only r 80 ancient wisdom but also showed how people organized knowledge long ago. Though many books were lost, it remains an important record of Chinese culture. Even today, people study it to learn about the past! （2） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Nie Er: A Great Chinese Composer Nie Er was a famous Chinese composer. His o 81 name was Nie Shouxin. He was born on February 14, 1912, in Kunming, Yunnan. During his short life, he saw much s 82 in China during the war, which made him want to help people through music. Nie Er created many popular songs, and his most famous work is The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s n 83 anthem. Sadly, he died at the young age of 23 in 1935, but his music has had a great i 84 on Chinese people. Today, people still a 85 Nie Er for his talent and love for the country. His songs not only showed his care for people’s lives but also encouraged many to fight for a better future. Though he lived a short life, his music remains alive in everyone’s heart. （3） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 The word “encyclopaedia” comes from Greek. It m 86 “general education”. An encyclopaedia is a k 87 of reference book (参考书) and there is the information from either all branches of knowledge or a special branch of knowledge. People b 88 to use it about 2,000 years ago. The oldest one is natural historian. It was written by Pliny the Elder. The modern encyclopaedias developed from dictionaries around the 17th century. Some encyclopaedias are made up of only one volume (册), but o 89 may have lots of volumes. There are also some online encyclopaedias, such as Wikipedia. They are often free for people l 90 for information. 参考答案 完形填空 （1） 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述字典作为参考书的重要性，作者通过课堂经历体会到使用字典和参考书对英语学习的帮助。 【详解】1．句意：当我们在阅读或听力中遇到生词时，可以在字典里查阅它们。 空后的代词them指代生词，根据“them up in dictionaries”可知此处指查阅单词，用固定搭配“look up”表示“查阅”。 2．句意：词典为我们提供大量有用的知识和明确的事实。 主语they指代dictionaries，根据“lots of useful knowledge”，可知字典里包含知识，include意为“包含”，符合字典承载知识的逻辑。 3．句意：我们的英语老师经常建议我们使用字典。 主语“Our English teacher”是第三人称单数，且often是一般现在时的标志，故谓语动词用三单形式advises“建议”。 4．句意：她说我们可以体验不同的阅读方式来更好地理解语言。 空格前是情态动词can，后接动词原形experience“体验”。 5．句意：我们的老师告诉我们去查阅每一个生词。 固定搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”表示“告诉某人去做某事”，可知此处填不定式符号to。 6．句意：我们享受一起尝试不同的语言技巧。 固定搭配“enjoy doing sth.”表示“享受做某事”，try要用动名词形式trying，表示“尝试”。 7．句意：阅读文本中有许多有趣的信息。 全文主体叙事为过去时态，information是不可数名词，there be句型遵循就近原则，谓语动词用单数was。 8．句意：它帮助我们理解并掌握语言规则。 根据“help sb. (to) do sth.”及并列词master，可知用动词原形understand“理解”。 9．句意：我相信如果我们坚持用字典，每天练习阅读和听力，我们会收获更多知识。 根据much more修饰不可数名词及学习语境，可知指获得“知识”knowledge。 10．句意：尽你最大的努力在空闲时间阅读更多的参考书。 根据固定搭配“try one’s best to do sth.”，可知后接动词不定式to read“阅读”。 （2） 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文介绍阅读的好处，如查字典、图书馆借书、增长知识等，鼓励大家坚持阅读，将其作为终身爱好。 【详解】11．句意：当我们遇到生词时，我们可以查字典。 遇到生词在字典里查阅是固定搭配look up，表示“查阅”，符合语境。 12．句意：它帮助我们知道单词的意思。 根据查字典的目的，可知是为了了解词义。meaning表示词义，契合查字典的目的。way“方式”，use“用途”，write“书写”，均不符合上下文。 13．句意：图书馆里有很多书。 后文提到借书、还书，对应地点为library“图书馆”。 14．句意：我们可以借书并阅读。 在图书馆是借书来读，borrow表示“借入（自己借过来）”，符合语境。buy“购买”，lend“借出”，throw“扔掉”，均不符合上下文。 15．句意：我们必须按时归还它们。 根据前文“We can borrow books and read them”可知，这里说的是从图书馆借书后的要求。借来的书需要在规定时间内归还，因此应使用固定短语on time，表示“按时、准时”。in time表示“及时”；at time表达错误；for time无此用法，因此不符合语境。 16．句意：书籍给予我们知识并使我们变得聪明。 根据空后“us knowledge and make us wise”可知，此处表示书籍把知识提供给我们。句型应为give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，结构完整且符合逻辑，即“书→给予→知识→人”。如果用make，后面通常接宾语补足语；take表示“拿走”；let表示“让”，均无法与knowledge构成合理表达。 17．句意：阅读能够增加我们的词汇量并提高记忆力。 根据空后“our vocabulary”可知，应表示增加词汇量。increase“增加”符合语境。work“工作”；pull“拉”；fall“下降”均不符合。 18．句意：即使你很忙，也不要放弃阅读。 根据前文“We should keep reading every day”可知，作者是在倡导坚持阅读，因此后句应表达“不要停止阅读”的意思。固定搭配give up doing sth.表示“放弃做某事”，give up reading符合上下文逻辑。get up表示“起床”；turn up表示“出现”；wake up表示“醒来”，均不能体现坚持阅读这一主题。 19．句意：阅读使我们的生活有趣且丰富多彩。 根据空后“and colourful”可知，此处表示积极意义。interesting“有趣的”符合语境。boring“无聊的”；tiring“令人疲惫的”；quiet“安静的”均不符合。 20．句意：让我们把阅读当作终身爱好。 根据前文一直强调阅读的价值以及“as a lifelong hobby”可知，此处表达“把阅读视为一种长期习惯”。固定搭配take...as...表示“把……当作……”。即take reading as a lifelong hobby。make、look、turn均不能构成这一表达，也无法准确体现“将阅读视为终身爱好”的含义。 （3） 21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了百科全书的历史，从中国到欧洲再到现代在线百科全书，强调了其在传播知识中的重要作用。 【详解】21．句意：人们用它们来查阅关于不同学科的信息。 根据“information about different subjects”及百科全书的用途，可知此处指查阅资料。查阅信息常用look up，look for寻找（侧重找寻动作）；look after照顾；look at 看，均不符合语境。 22．句意：它包含超过11000卷，使其成为有史以来最大的百科全书之一。 根据“over 11,000 volumes”可知指书中包含的内容量。include符合语境。 23．句意：这两部作品都记录了关于历史、艺术和科学的重要信息。 根据“important information”可知书籍的作用是记录信息。record符合语境。write主语通常是人。 24．句意：它们与早期中国百科全书相似，因为它们都收集了不同学者的作品。 根据“because they collected works by different scholars”可知两者有共同点，故相似。be similar to为固定搭配。same常接as。 25．句意：几个世纪后，第一部现代百科全书如《大英百科全书》被出版。 根据“were”可知是被动语态，需用过去分词。publish与句子主语encyclopaedias是被动关系。 26．句意：编辑们按字母顺序整理条目，这使得查找信息容易得多。 根据“in alphabetical order”可知是对内容进行整理组织。organize符合语境。order作动词多指命令。 27．句意：编辑们按字母顺序整理条目，这使得查找信息容易得多。 根据“easier to...information”及前文按字母排序的目的，可知是为了更容易找到信息。find符合语境。 28．句意：它们快速且方便，你可以在几秒钟内找到信息。 根据“fast”和“find information in seconds”可知在线百科全书很便利。convenient符合语境。其他选项与fast矛盾。 29．句意：然而，有些人仍然更喜欢纸质百科全书。 根据“However”可知与前文在线百科形成对比，指在两者中更倾向于纸质。prefer强调选择偏好。like程度较弱。 30．句意：几个世纪以来，百科全书在传播知识方面发挥了重要作用。 根据介词“in”可知后接动名词。百科全书的社会角色是传播知识。spread符合语境。 语法选择 （1） 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文介绍了意大利天才达芬奇的艺术与科学成就，以及恐龙的种类、生活习性和灭绝原因等科普知识。 【详解】31．句意：他的绘画和发明改变了我们对艺术和科学的看法。 此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰“paintings and inventions”，用“His”。“He”是主格，“Him”是宾格，“Himself”是反身代词，均不符合。 32．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极高的智力和艺术天赋。 “from an early age”是固定搭配，意为“从很小的时候起”，用不定冠词“an”。“a”用于辅音音素前，“the”表示特指，零冠词不符合。 33．句意：随着他长大，他学习了许多不同的事物。 描述过去的事情，用一般过去时“learnt”。“learn”是原形，“learns”是一般现在时三单，“will learn”是一般将来时，均不符合。 34．句意：他的画作都很著名，其中《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画作。 根据“in the world”表示在全世界范围内比较，用最高级，且最高级前加定冠词“the most famous”。“famous”是原级，“more famous”是比较级，“most famous”前缺少“the”，均不符合。 35．句意：他在笔记本中记录了许多发明，包括飞行器和其他机器的图纸。 “inventions”是可数名词复数，用“many”表示“许多”。“much”修饰不可数名词，“few”表示“很少”，“a little”修饰不可数名词，均不符合。 36．句意：恐龙是史前动物的一种。 “a type of”是固定搭配，意为“一种……”，故选of。“with”和……一起，“for”为了，“by”通过，均不符合。 37．句意：恐龙生活在陆地上，用两条或四条腿行走。 “either...or...”是固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……/或者……或者……”，符合语境，故选or。“and”和，“nor”也不 (与neither连用)，“but”但是，均不符合。 38．句意：有些像鸡一样小，而另一些则像十头大象一样大。 “some...others...”是固定结构，意为“有些……另一些……”，故选others。“other”其他的 (后接名词)，“another”另一个 (后接单数)，“the other”两者中的另一个，均不符合。 39．句意：科学家现在还不完全确定原因。 修饰形容词“sure”用副词“completely”。“complete”是形容词或动词，“completed”是过去式或过去分词，“completion”是名词，均不符合。 40．句意：他们通过研究恐龙化石来了解更多。 介词“by”后接动名词“studying”，表示“通过……方式”，故选studying。“study”是原形，“to study”是不定式，“studied”是过去式，均不符合。 （2） 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．D 【导语】本文讲述了年少的爱因斯坦不爱学习，喜欢和朋友们出去玩，父亲给他讲了一个故事，让他警醒，不能随波逐流，从此他认真学习，最后取得了成功。 【详解】41．句意：因为他很贪玩，所以他学习不够努力，期末考试没及格。 play动词原形；to play动词不定式；playing动名词；played动词过去式。根据“was so busy...”可知，此处为be busy doing “忙于做某事”，固定短语，后面接动名词，故选C。 42．句意：因为他很贪玩，所以他学习不够努力，期末考试不及格。 hard努力地；hardly几乎不；enough足够地，修饰形容词/副词时后置；根据下文“failed his final exam”和and并列成分表相承关系可知，此处指“学习不够努力，期末考试不及格”，故选A。 43．句意：一天早上，当爱因斯坦拿着钓鱼工具准备和他的朋友们去钓鱼时，他的父亲拦住了他，严肃地说：“爱因斯坦，你太喜欢玩了，以至于你考试不及格，我很担心你的未来。” he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“stop...and said seriously”可知，此处指他的父亲拦住了爱因斯坦，空格在动词后，用宾格him做宾语指代爱因斯坦，故选B。 44．句意：一天早上，当爱因斯坦拿着钓鱼工具准备和他的朋友们去钓鱼时，他的父亲拦住了他，严肃地说：“爱因斯坦，你太喜欢玩了，以至于你考试不及格，我很担心你的未来。” such这么；as作为；so如此；such a这么一个。此处指“如此喜欢玩，以至于考试不及格”，“如此……以至于……”可表达为“such+（形容词）名词+that从句”或“so+形容词/副词+that从句”，根据“...crazy about playing that ...”可知，crazy是形容词，故选C。 45．句意：一只猫不小心，抱着另一只猫时从烟囱里掉了下来。 has fallen掉下，过去分词；felt感觉，过去式；fell掉下，过去式；feel感觉，动词原形。根据“...down the chimney （烟囱）”可知，此处指掉下烟囱，故排除B和D，根据“One cat was careless and ...”可知，时态为一般过去时，故选C。 46．句意：当两只猫从烟囱爬出来时，其中一只猫的脸上沾着烟灰，而另一只猫的脸是干净的。 behind在……后面；of……的；among在（三者或以上）之间；between在（二者）之间。根据“ When the two cats climbed out ... the chimney”可知，此处为两只猫从烟囱爬出来，climb out of“从……爬出来”，故选B。 47．句意：看到那只烟灰脸的猫，干净的猫觉得它的脸一定很脏，于是赶紧跑到河边洗脸。 can可以；may可能；must一定；might也许。情态动词表猜测，在肯定句中must语气最强烈；may/might次之；根据“seeing the soot-faced cat”可知，是以事实为依据的判断，干净的猫猜测出自己的脸一定很脏，故选C。 48．句意：烟灰脸的猫看到了那只干净脸的猫，以为它的脸也很干净，就高兴地走在街上。 but但是，表转折；so因此，表结果；or或者，表选择；and和，表顺承。根据“The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat...thought its face was also clean”可知，上下文是顺承的关系，故选D。 49．句意：“爱因斯坦，没有人能成为你的‘镜子’。你得自己想想。如果你随波逐流，你就永远学不会。” If如果；Unless除非……；Although即使/虽然/尽管……；Though即使/虽然/尽管……。根据“you will never learn”可知，你永远学不会的前提条件是“如果你随波逐流”，故选A。 50．句意：这帮助他成功了。 is be动词一般现在时单三形式；being现在分词；was am/is过去式；be 原形。根据“This helped him ...successful”可知，此处为help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，此处应填动词原形，故选D。 （3） 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．B 56．A 57．B 58．A 59．A 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国华裔建筑师贝聿铭的生平事迹。 51．句意：现在让我告诉你关于他的一些事。 somebody某人；nobody没人；something某事，一些事；nothing什么也没有。根据“Now let me tell you …about him.”可知，此处表达关于他的一些事，故选C。 52．句意：他于1917年4月26日出生于中国广州。 in在，接某年/某月；on在，接具体的某一天；at在，接具体的时刻；of属于。表达出生于具体的某一天用“be born on”，故选B。 53．句意：他于2019年去世。 die死，动词；dying死，动名词；death死亡，名词；died死，过去式。根据“in 2019”可知原句是一般过去时，谓语动词die用过去式died，故选D。 54．句意：从很小的时候起，贝聿铭就对建筑很有兴趣。 interesting令人感兴趣的；interested感兴趣的；interest兴趣；interestingly有趣地。have great interest in“对……很有兴趣”，故选C。 55．句意：1940年，他成功地在麻省理工学院获得建筑学学士学位。 successful有成就的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词；success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词。根据“got a bachelor’s degree in architecture at MIT.”可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词got，故选B。 56．句意：在麻省理工学院完成学业之后，贝聿铭继续在哈佛设计研究生院学习。 finishing完成，动名词；finish完成，原形；finished完成，过去分词；finishes完成，三单。介词After后接动名词，故选A。 57．句意：1955年，贝聿铭成立了自己的公司——贝聿铭事务所。 he他，主格；his他的，物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“Pei set up…own company,”可知，空处缺少形容词性物主代词修饰own company，故选B。 58．句意：他的第一个重要项目之一是位于科罗拉多州丹佛市的英里高中。 first第一个，泛指；the first第一，特指；one同类事物中的“一个”；the one特指“一个”。根据“One of his…major projects”可知，此处修饰major应用副词first，前面有形容词性物主代词，不需要加定冠词the，故选A。 59．句意：他在建筑方面的才能也得到了许多赞扬。 also也，用于句中；too也，用于句尾；as well也，用于句尾；either也，用于否定词组后。根据“He…got lots of good words for his talent for architecture.”可知，句中表达“也”用also，故选A。 60．句意：他曾因为创作了一些伟大的作品而获得许多奖项。 little一点点；few很少；some一些；any任何。根据“He once won lots of prizes”可知，此处表达一些伟大的作品，故选C。 阅读理解 （1） 61．A 62．B 63．B 64．C 65．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学习英语时使用字典的重要性，包括查阅生词、获取知识文化，以及老师关于携带字典和坚持读写听力练习的建议。 【详解】61．第一段第一句“First, dictionaries help us look up new words in reading materials.”，指出遇到生词时可以用字典查阅它们。 62．第一段第四句“Second, dictionaries include lots of useful facts and knowledge.”，指出字典包含许多有用的事实和知识。 63．第二段第一句“Our textbook Section 1 tells us to experience and understand language through Reading and Listening.”，指出通过阅读和听力两种方式体验和理解语言。 64．第三段第一句“Our English teacher always advises us to carry small dictionaries when we read.”，指出老师建议学生携带小字典。 65．全文围绕标题“Why do we need dictionaries when learning English?”展开，介绍了字典的作用及使用建议，主旨是如何利用字典学好英语。 （2） 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．B 70．C 【导语】本文核心围绕“阅读的重要性”展开论述，观点清晰、逻辑直白，旨在传递“要养成终身阅读习惯”的理念。 【详解】66．文章第一段提到“When we find new words, we can look them up in dictionaries or on the Internet.”，即遇到新单词可以在字典或网上查阅，B选项“Look them up”符合。 67．文中第二段指出“Dictionaries tell us meanings, pronunciations and usages of words.”，说明字典会告诉我们单词的意思、发音和用法，没有提到会告诉我们故事，C选项“stories”不会被提到。 68．根据文中“We can borrow books from the library.”可知，我们可以从图书馆借书，A选项“from the library”符合。 69．文章第四段提到“Reading not only increases our vocabulary but also opens our eyes to the world. It makes us wise and improves our writing skills.”，说明阅读能增加词汇量，让我们开阔眼界、变得聪明并提高写作技能，B选项“Bigger vocabulary”符合。 70．由文章最后一句“We should keep reading every day and make it a good lifelong habit.”可知，作者建议我们每天坚持阅读并把它变成一个终身好习惯，C选项“Keep reading every day”符合。 （3） 71．D 72．C 73．A 74．A 75．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了百科全书的历史、定义、现代特征及其价值。 【详解】71．细节理解题。根据“An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book… to help people learn.”可知，百科全书的主要目的是总结人类知识以供学习。故选D。 72．细节理解题。根据“They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people.”可知，与现代百科全书相比，早期版本常缺少插图。故选C。 73．词句猜测题。根据“an index to help find information”可知，“index”的功能帮助查找信息，所以index意为“索引”。故选A。 74．篇章结构题。根据“An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book, or a set of books.”可知，第一段介绍百科全书的定义，②排第一；根据“The word ‘encyclopaedia’ comes from ancient Greek words meaning ‘all-round education’.”可知，第二段介绍百科全书的历史，⑤排第二；根据“Today, people usually think of a large set of books. These books often include maps, pictures, and an index to help find information.”可知，第三段介绍现代百科全书的特征，①排第三；根据“However, encyclopaedias weren’t always exactly like this. In the past, some were just a single book written by one person, while others were indeed huge sets. They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people.”可知，第四段介绍过去百科全书的特征，④排第四；根据“Encyclopaedias can cover all knowledge or focus on specific broad areas, like history or science. They are important because they record what people knew at different specific times.”可知，最后一段介绍百科全书的价值，③排第五。故选A。 75．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了百科全书的相关内容，包括其历史、定义、特征及其价值，所以文章有可能出自一本关于知识工具的教育杂志。故选D。 语篇填词 （1） 76．(c)reate 77．(o)rganized 78．(o)rder 79．(v)olumes 80．(r)ecorded 【导语】本文主要介绍了《永乐大典》。 【详解】76．句意：在明朝，皇帝想要编撰一本巨著来记录当时所有的知识。根据“...a huge book to record all knowledge of that time.”可知，此处指“创作一本书”，create“创造”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(c)reate。 77．句意：学者们整理了成千上万的旧书和资料，然后按主题排序。根据“thousands of old books”可知，此处指整理书籍，organize“整理，筹备”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填(o)rganized。 78．句意：学者们整理了成千上万的旧书和资料，然后按主题排序。根据“then put them in o... by topic.”可知，本题考查in order“有序地，整齐地”。故填(o)rder。 79．句意：这部百科全书有超过11000卷，每一卷都充满了关于历史、文学、科学和艺术的信息。根据“The encyclopedia has over 11,000 v...”可知，此处指“书卷”，要用可数名词volume“卷，册”的复数形式。故填(v)olumes。 80．句意：它不仅记录了古代的智慧，也展示了很久以前人们是如何组织知识的。根据“It not only r... ancient wisdom”可知，本书记录了古人的智慧，本句时态为一般过去时，动词record“记录”要用过去式。故填(r)ecorded。 （2） 81．(o)riginal 82．(s)uffering 83．(n)ational 84．(i)nfluence 85．(a)dmire 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名作曲家聂耳的生平、他的代表作《义勇军进行曲》以及他的音乐对中国人民产生的深远影响。 【详解】81．句意：他的原名是聂守信。根据“name was Nie Shouxin”以及首字母提示可知，聂耳原名聂守信，original“原来的”，形容词作定语修饰名词name。故填(o)riginal。 82．句意：在他短暂的一生中，他目睹了战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，这使他想通过音乐帮助人民。根据“During his short life, he saw much...in China during the war”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，suffering“痛苦，苦难”，不可数名词。故填(s)uffering。 83．句意：聂耳创作了许多流行歌曲，他最著名的作品是《义勇军进行曲》，后来成为中国的国歌。根据“The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s...anthem”以及首字母提示可知，《义勇军进行曲》是中国的国歌，national“国家的”，形容词作定语修饰名词anthem。故填(n)ational。 84．句意：不幸的是，他于1935年去世，年仅23岁，但他的音乐对中国人民产生了巨大的影响。根据“but his music has had a great...on Chinese people”以及首字母提示可知，此处考查短语have a great influence on“对……有巨大影响”。故填(i)nfluence。 85．句意：今天，人们仍然钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀。根据“people still...Nie Er for his talent and love for the country”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是人们钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀，admire“钦佩”，动词；根据“still”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(a)dmire。 （3） 86．(m)eans 87．(k)ind 88．(b)egan 89．(o)thers 90．(l)ooking 【导语】本文介绍了“百科全书”的出处、作者以及内容。 【详解】86．句意：它意味着“通识教育”。根据首字母提示及“ ‘general education’ ”可知，空处指“意味着”，其英文为mean，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三形式。故填(m)eans。 87．句意：百科全书是一种参考书，既有来自所有知识分支的信息，也有来自某一特殊知识分支的信息。a kind of表示“一种……”，为固定短语。故填(k)ind。 88．句意：大概2000年前人们开始用它。根据首字母提示及“to use it about...”可知，空处指“开始”，其英文为begin；再根据“about 2,000 years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，即begin的过去式began。故填(b)egan。 89．句意：一些百科全书仅由一册组成，但其他的一些有很多册。Some...others...为固定搭配，表示“一些……，其他的……”，Others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个，其余的”。故填(o)thers。 90．句意：他们对寻求信息的人来说是免费的。根据首字母提示及“for people...for information”可知，空处指“寻找”，其英文为look for，本句中第一个for为介词，其后跟动名词。故填(l)ooking。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $