预习03 Unit 1 Look it up!书面表达专练 【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷）

**基本信息** 聚焦“查阅资料”主题，构建“母题分类+分层模板+语法绑定”三维训练体系，通过人物/科普/观点写作提升语言表达与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |百科词条写作（人物类）|6题（黄旭华等中外名人）|基础层三段模板（信息罗列）、标准层细节拓展（重点词组）、提升层背景升华（高级句型）|单元总话题→人物写作母题→一般过去时/冠词等语法支撑→分层训练| |观点议论文|2题（百科价值/查阅重要性）|分层论证（百科作用对比网络信息）、观点表达模板（是什么-学到什么-帮助）|单元话题→观点母题→some/any等语法→议论逻辑训练|

【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷） 预习03 Unit 1 Look it up!书面表达专练 一、核心主题定位 1. 单元总话题 Look it up!（查阅资料/百科检索） 单元核心：Encyclopaedia 百科全书、科普事实、名人百科词条写作 课标主题归属：人与社会—历史、文化、科学人物；信息检索与科普说明文 2. 两大细分写作母题（课本必考） 母题1：百科词条写作（课本原生写作任务，核心重点） 文体：事实性说明文（百科条目） 写作对象三类： ① 杰出人物（科学家、文学家、艺术家、时代楷模，课本范文为袁隆平） ② 动植物/自然天体科普（熊猫、火星、鲸鱼等） ③ 文化事物（乐器、古建筑、经典书籍） 固定写作结构：基础信息→生平/特征→主要成就/特点→历史影响/评价 时态：一般现在时（事物科普）、一般过去时（人物生平） 母题2：观点议论文《What I learn from encyclopaedias》 围绕百科全书的作用展开：百科带来知识、拓宽视野、学会查阅资料、理性看待百科信息，抒发阅读科普书籍的感悟 3. 写作能力与语法考点绑定 1. 语法：some/any、不定代词（someone/nothing）、冠词a/an/the、一般过去时 2. 句型：one of + 最高级；devote…to；make great contributions to；be known as 3. 育人立意：学习伟人钻研、奉献精神；培养查阅资料、主动探索知识的习惯 二、整体写作设计思路（分层教学） 1. 基础层（学困生） 固定三段模板，只罗列客观事实，无拓展议论 人物词条模板： ① 第一段：姓名、生卒、国籍、身份 ② 第二段：一生主要工作/研究 ③ 第三段：简单成就、大众评价 要求：要点齐全，只用简单句，80词左右 2. 标准层（中等生） 在基础信息上增加细节，使用单元重点词组（look up, devote to, be talented in）；区分客观事实与简单个人感受，语句衔接自然。 3. 提升层（优等生） 1. 百科词条：增加时代背景，用高级句型（one of the greatest…, His work changed…）升华人物影响力 2. 观点作文：分层论证百科的好处，加入对比（上网碎片化信息 vs 百科系统知识） 4. 教学重难点 重点：掌握百科词条固定写作框架，准确使用一般过去时描述人物生平 难点：区分客观事实陈述（百科核心）和主观评价；正确运用冠词、some/any 三、单元全部常考书面表达考题 题型1 课本核心必考：人物百科词条（高频） 1. 基础题：请写一篇百科词条介绍袁隆平/Yuan Longping，包含出生、研究、成就、影响（课本原文仿写） 2. 考试高频：介绍屠呦呦、黄旭华、聂耳、张桂梅等中国杰出人物 写作要求：标题格式XX: A Great Scientist/Writer，80–100词 题型2 科普事物类百科短文 题目：Write an encyclopaedia entry about pandas / the moon / whales 要点：外形特征、生活习性、生存现状、保护意义 题型3 观点类作文（单元拓展写作） 1. What I Learn from Encyclopaedias 要点：① 百科是什么；② 我从百科学到的知识；③ 百科对我的帮助与看法 2. The Importance of Looking up Information 要点：查阅资料的好处，对比网络碎片信息与正规百科 四、书面表达专练 1．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家黄旭华的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于黄旭华的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1926年生于广东潮汕，2024年逝世。 2. 成长背景：早年对科学和工程学极感兴趣。终生致力于中国核潜艇研究。 3. 主要成就：他在核潜艇(Nuclear Submarines)方面取得成功，使中国国防(national defense)得到有力的加强。 4.荣誉与影响：获得“共和国勋章”(the Medal of the Republic)被称为“中国核潜艇之父”(Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines)。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于Mark Twain的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于马克·吐温的短文。 内容包括： 1. 他是一位美国著名作家，写了许多著名的小说。 2. 1835年出生于佛罗里达州的农村，4岁时和家人搬到城里，12岁时，其父亲去世。 3. 从童年就开始工作，做过许多不同的工作。 4. 最著名的小说：《汤姆·索亚历险记》。 5. 他的写作才能不是与生俱来，而是来源于他个人的经历。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．钱学森是中国“两弹一星”元勋，为中国航天科技的发展做出了巨大贡献。请你根据下面表格中所提供的信息，写一篇英语短文介绍钱学森。 姓名 钱学森 生卒日期 1911年12月11日—2009年10月31日 出生地 中国上海 教育背景 1934年毕业于上海交通大学，后赴美留学，获博士学位 主要成就 1. 参与美国早期火箭研究，1955年回到中国 2. 领导研制中国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”，推动导弹和空间探索领域的发展 3. 中国航天事业的奠基人，被誉为“中国航天之父” 要求： 1. 文中须包含表格中的要点提示，可适当发挥； 2. 词数80左右。 参考词汇：aerospace science and technology航天科技 father of China’s aerospace中国航天之父 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．假设你叫李俊，你的笔友David对中国诺贝尔医学奖获得者屠呦呦很感兴趣。他最近给你写了一封信，询问有关屠呦呦的情况。请给David写一封回信。 屠呦呦自幼对医学(medicine)很感兴趣，于1955年毕业于(graduated)北京医学院(Beijing Medical College)，毕业后一直从事医学研究(medical research)。她工作认真负责，不怕失败，甚至经常带病工作，致力于为中国医学做出贡献(make contributions)。 Place of birth(出生地点) Ningbo, Zhejiang Province Date of birth(出生日期) December 30, 1930 Career(职业) a physician(医学家) Characteristics(性格) Hard-working, creative, full of talent Achievements(成就) the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine (October 5, 2015) 你的启发 (至少两点) 写作要求： 1.文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥； 2.表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4.字数要求80词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear David, Thanks for your letter. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Jun 5．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于爱迪生(Thomas Edison)的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇文章介绍爱迪生。 1.爱迪生是最伟大的科学家和发明家之一； 2.爱迪生1847年2月出生于美国，他从小就对科学感兴趣； 3.爱迪生一生工作勤奋，经常夜以继日地工作，从不放弃，他有两千多项发明，其中包括电灯(the electric light)、留声机 (the phonograph) 等，他的发明改变了世界。 4.你从爱迪生身上可以学到什么？ 参考词汇：发明：invention 要求： 1. 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯； 4. 标点正确，书面整洁。 Thomas Edison Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors and scientists in the world. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．学习完八年级第一单元课文，你们班级准备制作一本英文的百科全书，其中要写一篇关于Neil Armstrong的简介，请你根据如下表格进行编写： Neil Armstrong Job Astronaut (宇航员) Birth time &place 1930; the US Work experience 1. want to fly; from an early age 2. at the age of 16; become a pilot (飞行员) 3. fly to the Moon; July 1969 4.become the first person to walk on the Moon; 20 July 1969 Death time August 25, 2012 要求：包含信息表内容，清晰合理，书写工整，80词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍百科全书。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。 内容提示： 1. 百科全书是记录人类一切知识的工具书。 2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的百科全书。 3. 人们可以在网络上查阅有关百科全书的信息。 4. 补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。 要求：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；可适当发挥。 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1．例文： Huang Xuhua (1926-2024), a well-known Chinese scientist, was born in Guangdong Province. From an early age, he showed great interest in science and engineering, and he was unusually talented in solving difficult problems. He devoted his life to developing China’s first nuclear submarines. Building submarines was extremely challenging work, and he faced many problems. However, he never gave up. His efforts and knowledge played an important role in the success of China’s nuclear submarine project. Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense. Huang won many awards for his outstanding achievements. In 2019, he received the Medal of the Republic, one of China’s highest honours. People call him the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文为一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：“一般过去时”； ③提示：覆盖所有要点，结构清晰，语言简练准确。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对文章的主人公进行简单介绍。介绍基本信息和成长背景； 第二步，具体阐述其主要成就与贡献以及产生的影响； 第三步，详细介绍获得的荣誉。 [亮点词汇] ①well-known知名的 ②from an early age从年轻时开始 ③thanks to由于 [高分句型] Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense.（定语从句） 2．例文： Mark Twain was a very famous American writer. He was unusually talented in writing and wrote many famous novels. He was born in a small village in Florida in 1835. When he was 4 years old, he and his family moved to the city. Sadly, his father died when he was 12. From an early age, he started to work. He did many different jobs to make money. One of his most famous books is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. This book made him very popular and won him lots of praise. Mark Twain spent all his life writing. His writing ability came from his rich personal experiences rather than innate talent. He made great contributions to American literature and played an important role in the world of books. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要逐句翻译，可适当添加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点明马克・吐温的核心身份（美国著名作家）及写作成就（写了许多著名小说，提及写作才能特点）； 第二步，具体阐述马克・吐温的生平经历； 第三步，介绍其代表作品《汤姆・索亚历险记》及作品影响力，补充写作才能的来源，最后总结他对美国文学的贡献及在文学界的地位。 [亮点词汇] ① be talented in 在……方面有天赋 ② from an early age 从小 ③ make money 赚钱 ④ make contributions to 为……做贡献 [高分句型] ① When he was 4 years old, he and his family moved to the city.（when引导的时间状语从句） ② Sadly, his father died when he was 12.（when引导的时间状语从句） ③ He did many different jobs to make money.（不定式作目的状语） 3．例文： Qian Xuesen was one of China’s greatest scientists. Born in Shanghai in 1911, he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and then went to America for further education. After getting his PhD, he became an important rocket scientist in the USA. In 1955, Qian returned to China. He devoted himself to the development of China’s aerospace science and technology. Under his leadership, Chinese scientists successfully developed the country’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1. His work laid the foundation for China’s achievements in missiles and space exploration. Qian is known as the “father of China’s aerospace”. His spirit continues to inspire China’s young generations today. He passed away in 2009, but his contributions will never be forgotten. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文，介绍中国伟大科学家钱学森的生平事迹、贡献及影响； ②时态：以一般过去时为主，描述钱学森的出生、求学、回国、工作及逝世等生平事件；使用一般现在时强调其地位、精神的延续性和贡献的不朽性； ③提示：文章围绕钱学森展开，包含其基本生平、回国后的贡献、历史地位及精神影响，内容完整，逻辑清晰。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点明钱学森是中国最伟大的科学家之一，简述早期经历； 第二步，讲述其为中国导弹和太空探索成就奠定基础，突出核心贡献； 第三步，总结其“中国航天之父”的地位，说明其精神对当代中国青年的激励作用，升华主题。 [亮点词汇] ①further education深造 ②devote oneself to致力于 ③aerospace航天 ④lay the foundation for 为……奠定基础 ⑤pass away逝世 ⑥contributions贡献 [高分句型] ①Born in Shanghai in 1911, he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and then went to America for further education.（过去分词“Born”作状语） ②He devoted himself to the development of China’s aerospace science and technology.（“devote oneself to” 短语，体现其对航天事业的专注和奉献） ③Under his leadership, Chinese scientists successfully developed the country’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1.（“Under his leadership”介词短语作状语） ④Qian is known as the “father of China’s aerospace”.（“be known as”结构，明确其历史地位） 4．例文： Dear David, Thanks for your letter. You said you were interested in Tu Youyou. Now I’ll tell you something about her. Tu Youyou is a famous female physician. She was born on December 30, 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She has been very interested in medicine since childhood. She graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1955. She has been engaged in medical research since graduation. This is her favorite job. She works hard and she is creative. She is not afraid of failure, and even often works with illness. She often works day and night. She is full of talent. She devoted herself to the research a drug which is useful for cancer patients. After years of unremitting efforts, she finally succeeded. And in 2015, she won the Nobel Prize in Medicine. She has made great contributions to Chinese medicine. I am really proud of her. I will study hard and try to get into my dream university. I also want to be a useful person to society in the future, just like her.                                                    Yours sincerely, Li Jun 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍要告诉一些关于屠呦呦的事情； 第二步，具体介绍屠呦呦的情况； 第三步，最后介绍自己的启发。 [亮点词汇] ① be interested in对……感兴趣 ② be full of 充满 ③ graduate from毕业于 [高分句型] ① She devotes herself to the research a drug which is useful for cancer patients. (which引导的定语从句) ② You said you were interested in Tu Youyou. (宾语从句) 5．例文： Thomas Edison Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors and scientists in the world. He was born in the United States in February 1847. At the age of 8, he went to school. From an early age, he was interested in science and showed great intelligence. Edison worked hard all his life, often working day and night without giving up. He had more than 2, 000 inventions, including the electric light, phonograph and so on. His invention changed the world. He died in 1931 at the age of 84. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life, just as his famous saying Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration. I will learn from him and be a hard-working learner. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：本文以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，写作时根据题干中的提示信息介绍爱迪生，可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题，表示爱迪生是最伟大的科学家和发明家之一； 第二步，根据提示内容详细介绍爱迪生的生平； 第三步，介绍你从爱迪生身上可以学到什么。 [亮点词汇] ①at the age of在……岁时 ②be interested in对……感兴趣 [高分句型] ①Edison worked hard all his life, often working day and night without giving up. (现在分词作状语以及动名词作宾语) ②I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.(表语从句) 6．例文： Neil Armstrong was a famous astronaut. He was born in 1930, the US. He had a dream when he was very young. He wanted to fly from an early age. Neil Armstrong studied hard at school. He read many books on science and space. Finally, he became a pilot at the age of 16. He still worked very hard. He flew to the Moon in July, 1969. More importantly, he became the first person to walk on the Moon on 20 July of 1969. Unluckily, he passed away on August 25, 2012. People will remember him forever. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，根据表格内容进行人物介绍； ② 时态：时态为“一般过去时” ； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“表格”中有关Neil Armstrong的介绍要点，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“班级准备制作一本英文的百科全书，其中要写一篇关于Neil Armstrong的简介，请你根据如下表格进行编写”根据表格内容直接介绍Neil Armstrong的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“职业、出生年龄、出生地点、小时候的梦想、工作主要经历和离世”几个方面介绍Neil Armstrong的相关情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“人们永远记住他”的情感。 [亮点词汇] ① be born 出生 ② at the age of 在……岁时 ③ study hard学习认真 ④ the first person to do sth做某事第一人 ⑤ more importantly更重要的是 [高分句型] ① He had a dream when he was very young.（when引导的时间状语从句） ② More importantly, he became the first person to walk on the Moon on 20 July of 1969.（“the first person to do sth”表达“做某事第一人”句型常用短语） 7．例文： Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. Both western countries and eastern countries have their own encyclopaedias. People can look up the information about encyclopaedia on the Internet, and it is very convenient. I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful. People can know a lot of knowledge from it. If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. That’s all. Thank you! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意书写工整、逻辑通顺，并突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。介绍百科全书； 第二步，阐述自己对百科全书的看法； 第三步，书写结语。表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①all kinds of 各种各样的 ②both…and…两者都 ③look up查找 ④at once立刻 ⑤be interested in感兴趣 [高分句型] ①I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful.（省略that的宾语从句） ②If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once.（if引导的条件状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $