Unit 4 Our Memory Section A 知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单围绕“记忆”主题系统梳理Unit 4 Section A核心内容。从单元词汇（position、sadness等单词及run out、pay attention to等短语）入手，通过17个考点精讲（如remind用法、run out辨析）构建词汇到句型的学习支架，进而聚焦疑问词引导的宾语从句语法，形成从基础积累到综合运用的知识脉络。 知识链路以“记忆”主题为线索，通过表格对比（如run out与run out of）、例句情境化（如奶奶与饼干的故事）培养思维品质，多样化过关检测（完形填空、阅读理解）结合艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线等生活化内容，提升语言能力与学习能力，助力学生构建完整知识框架并灵活应用。

Unit 4 Our Memory Section A What do we remember？知识点 一、单元词汇 单词 Section A 1. n. 位置，地方 v. 放置，使处于 2. n. 悲伤 3. v. 作出反应，回应 4. n. 链条 5. adj. 稳定的，稳固的 6. n. 讲座，讲课 7. n. 复述 8. v.记住，记忆 9. n. 对号，勾号 v.给......打对号 10. n. 孙子，外孙 11. n.情况，事实 12. n. 歌剧，歌剧团 13. n.入场券，票 14. n. 钱包 15. n. 野餐 16. v.原谅 interj.请再说一遍，抱歉 17. n.机场 18. n. 枪声，（射出的）炮弹 19. adj.成年的 20. v.回忆起，会想起 21. n. 葡萄藤，葡萄树 短语 Section A 1. 用尽，耗尽 2. 做一个草莓蛋糕 3. 建议某人做某事 4. 带作业到学校 5. 听讲座，参加讲座 6. 依照某人看来 7. 混淆，弄乱 8. 骑自行车 9. 有效地使用或利用某物 10. 注意，关注，留心 11. 要点，主要内容 12. 很好地复述一个故事 13. 准确地记住规则 14. 训练你的记忆力 15. 减轻压力，缓解压力 16. 保持自信 17. 经历，仔细查看 18. 发生于，使遭遇 19. 曾经，过去 20. 替代，而不是 21. 记在心中，记住 22. 就某人的情况而言 23. 邀请某人去野餐 24. 让某人想起..... 25. 提醒/警告某人某个事情 二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲 Section A 【考点1】position 【解析】 作名词，绝大数情况下为可数名词。表示抽象的社会地位、高位、身份时，是不可数名词。 位置；方位 Could you tell me the position of the nearest bus stop? 能告诉我最近的公交站点吗？ 职位；职务 She has applied for the position of English teacher in our school. 她申请了我们学校英语老师的职位。 常与 apply for (申请)、get (获得)、take up (担任)、offer (提供) 等动词搭配 处境；状况 in a difficult/awkward position 意为 "处于困境中" He was in a difficult position when he lost his job.失业后，他处境困难。 作动词，过去式 / 过去分词：positioned，动词第三人称单数：positions， 现在分词：positioning 放置；安置 She positioned the glass carefully on the shelf so that it wouldn’t fall. 她把玻璃杯小心地放在架子上，以免掉下来。 使处于（某种地位 / 立场） This success positioned him as the best player in the team. 这次成功让他稳居队内最佳选手的地位。 固定搭配： in position 在正确的位置；就位 out of position 不在正确的位置；错位 take up a position 担任某个职位 change one's position 改变某人的立场 / 位置 【考点2】Mum reminds Peter about buying by saying,”it’s running out”. 【解析】 1.remind的用法: 动词，第三人称单数：reminds现在分词：reminding，过去式 / 过去分词：reminded 单词变形：名词：reminder（提醒物；提示） 核心含义： 提醒；使记起 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to take my umbrella before I leave. 提醒我离开前带伞。 使想起；使回忆起 remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起..... The old photo reminds me of my happy childhood. 这些老照片让我想起我的童年。 remind sb. + that 从句 提醒某人…… that 引导宾语从句（that 常可省略） My teacher often reminds me (that) I should practice spoken English every day. 我的老师经常提醒我，应该每天练习英语口语。 2.run out的用法： 用完；耗尽（指时间、金钱、食物、能源、耐心等资源消耗完毕） 短语 词性 主语要求 能否接宾语 被动语态 例句 run out 不及物动词短语 只能是被耗尽的事物（time, money, food, water, battery 等） 不能接 没有被动语态 My mobile phone battery has run out. 我的手机电池没电了。 run out of 及物 动词短语 只能是人（I, we, he, they 等） 必须接被耗尽的事物作宾语 有被动语态 I have run out of my pocket money. 我的零花钱花光了。 【考点3】How did Fu Xing react when Billy said sorry to her ？ 【解析】 react的用法： 动词， 第三人称单数：reacts，现在分词：reacting，过去式 / 过去分词：reacted (1)不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，加介词 to react to对……作出反应；回应 How did your parents react to your final exam results? 对于期末成绩，你的父母有何反应？ She didn't react at all when I called her name. 我叫她名字，她没回应。 react by doing sth通过做某事来回应 He reacted by running away when he saw the dog. 他一看到那只狗，转身就跑了 / 他的反应是拔腿就跑。 (2)与化学物质发生反应 react with 与...发生反应 Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water. 氢气与氧气反应生成水。 单词变形： 名词：reaction（反应；回应） What was his reaction when you told him the news? 你告诉他这个消息时，他是什么反应？ 形容词：reactive（反应的；易起反应的） Don't be so reactive—think before you reply.别那么冲，先想清楚再回话。 【考点4】Do you have any memory problems？ 【解析】 memory的用法： 作名词 (n.) (1).记忆力；记性（能力），此时不可数名词。 前面有形容词修饰，描述记忆力的好坏时，常用作可数名词（常用单数） 常与形容词 good/bad/poor/strong/weak 搭配。 固定结构： have a good /bad/poor memory He has a very good memory for English words.他记英语单词的记忆力非常好。 I have a bad memory and often leave my keys at home.我记性很差，经常把钥匙落在家里。 (2).回忆；记忆，表示多个具体回忆时用复数形式 memories The old song brings back many happy memories of my childhood. This trip will be one of my most unforgettable memories. (3).存储器；内存 This computer has 8GB of memory. 这台计算机8G内存。 单词变形： 动词：memorize（记住；熟记） I need to memorize 30 new words for tomorrow's test.我得背下30个新单词应付明天的测验。 形容词：memorable（难忘的；值得纪念的） It was a memorable moment when she won the prize. 她获奖那一刻很值得纪念。 常见搭配： 搭配 中文意思 中考例句 in memory of 为了纪念…… They set up a statue in memory of the famous scientist. bring back memories 唤起回忆 The smell of the bread brings back my grandma's kitchen memories. lose one's memory 失忆 The man lost his memory after the car accident. memory for sth. 对某事的记忆力 My sister has an amazing memory for telephone numbers. 【考点5】Why do we get some words mixed up?mix up 混淆；弄乱 【解析】 mix up的用法： “动词+副词”结构。宾语是名词时，可放在mix和up中间，也可放在mix up后；宾语是代词时，必须放在mix和up中间。 get sth mixed up把……弄混/搞乱 I always mix up the two words. 我总是把这两个单词弄混。 Don't mix them up.别把它们弄混了。 Don't get their names mixed up.别把他们的名字弄混了。 【考点6】Pay attention to details. 【解析】 pay attention to 的用法： 注意，关注 pay：动词，过去式 / 过去分词为 paid attention：不可数名词，意为 “注意力；关注”，没有复数形式 to：介词，不是不定式符号 You should pay attention to the traffic lights when crossing the road. 过马路时你应该注意交通信号灯。 核心用法: （1）后接名词 / 代词 to 作为介词，后面可直接跟名词、代词宾格，构成介宾结构。 We must pay attention to our handwriting in the exam. 考试中我们必须注意自己的书写。 This is the key point. Please pay attention to it. 这是关键点，请留意它。 （2）后接动名词（doing）—— 最高频考点 因为 to 是介词，介词后接动词时，动词必须变为动名词（doing）形式，不能加动词原形。 You should pay attention to listening to the teacher carefully in class. 课堂上你应该注意认真听讲。 When you visit a foreign country, pay attention to following local customs. 常见搭配: pay more attention to 更加注意；多加关注 We should pay more attention to protecting the environment. 我们应该更加重视环境保护。 pay no attention to 不在意；不理会 He paid no attention to my advice and made the same mistake again. 他不听我的建议，又犯了同样的错误。 pay close attention to 密切关注 The teacher pays close attention to every student’s progress. 老师密切关注着每位学生的进步。 pay little attention to 几乎不关注 He pays little attention to his own health. 他不太在意自己的健康。 【考点7】Tick what works for you and add more. 【解析】 tick的用法： (1)作动词, 动词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 ticked（规则变化，直接加 - ed）；现在分词 ticking • 动词用法 及物动词 在…… 上打钩（√）；勾选 Tick the correct answer on your answer sheet.在你的答题卡上勾选正确答案。 Please tick the boxes if you agree with the statements.如果你同意这些说法，请在方框里打钩。 不及物动词 （钟表、计时器等）发出滴答声 ，用来描述钟表、计时器走动的声响。 The old clock ticked all night long.这个旧钟滴答响了一整夜。 I could hear the clock ticking in the silent classroom.安静的教室里，我能听见钟表的滴答声。 常考短语：tick off （在清单上）打钩标出，等同于 tick Tick off the names on the list when you call them.你点名的时候，把名单上的名字打钩标出来。 (2)作名词（可数名词） 钩号，对号（√） 搭配 put a tick next to...。 Put a tick next to the activities you like.在你喜欢的活动旁边打个对号。 The teacher put a tick on my homework.老师在我的作业上打了个对勾。 （钟表的）滴答声 • The tick of the clock made him feel nervous in the exam. 考试时，钟表的滴答声让他感到紧张。 【考点8】And she told me not to eat the cookies because she was saving them for her grandson. 【解析】 1.tell sb （not）to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事 The teacher told us to finish​ the homework before Friday.老师让我们周五前完成作业。 The sign tells visitors not to feed the animals.牌子告诉游客不要喂动物。 2.save 的用法： 作动词，第三人称单数：saves，现在分词：saving，过去式 / 过去分词：saved 名词形式：saving（节省；存款，常用复数savings表示 "积蓄"） 拯救；挽救；救助 考点：常与 life, animal, people 等名词搭配 The doctor saved the old man's life in time. 医生及时救了老人的性命。 We should try our best to save endangered animals. 我们应该尽力拯救濒危动物。 节省；节约 考点：可接 time, money, energy, water 等表示资源的名词 Riding bikes to school can save us a lot of time. 骑自行车去学校可节省大量时间。 We must save water because it is very important. 我们必须节约用水，因为水很重要 储蓄；攒钱 考点：常与 for 搭配，表示 "为…… 攒钱" She is saving money for a new bicycle. 她正在为买新自行车攒钱。 My parents save some money every month for my education. 我父母每个月为我的教育攒钱。 保存；保留；储存 Please save the document before you turn off the computer. 在关电脑前请保存文件。 We can save food in the fridge to keep it fresh. 我们可以把食物放在冰箱保鲜。 常见搭配： 搭配 中文意思 中考例句 save one's life 救某人的命 The brave policeman saved the boy's life from the river. save money/time 省钱 / 节省时间 Taking the subway can save more time than taking the bus. save sth. for sb./sth. 为某人 / 某事保留某物 I saved a piece of cake for you. save sb. from (doing) sth. 把某人从…… 中解救出来 He saved the child from falling off the tree. save up 攒钱；积蓄 They are saving up for a new house. 【考点9】I don't understand what she's going through. 【解析】 go through的用法: 经历；经受（困难、痛苦、挫折等） 用法：后接表示艰难、不愉快的事物，，侧重 “熬过、亲历某段不好的过程”。 He went through a hard time when he failed his math exam last term. 上学期数学考试失利时，他度过了一段艰难的日子。 No one can make progress easily without going through difficulties. 没有人能不经历困难就轻易取得进步。 浏览；翻阅（笔记、书籍、文件等） 用法：侧重通读、快速过一遍内容. You’d better go through your English grammar notes before the final test. 期末考试前你最好过一遍英语语法笔记。 She went through the magazine quickly and found nothing interesting. 她快速翻了翻杂志，没发现什么有意思的内容。 仔细检查；核查 用法：侧重认真核对细节，确保内容没有错误或遗漏。 The teacher will go through our homework carefully after class. 老师课后会仔细检查我们的作业。 Please go through your paper again to avoid careless mistakes. 请再检查一遍试卷，避免粗心的错误。 穿过；通过（空间、区域） 用法：强调从物体 / 区域的内部穿过，可与 go across 区分（across 侧重从平面表面横穿）。 A quiet river goes through the small village at the foot of the mountain. 一条安静的小河穿过山脚下的小村庄。 You have to go through this tunnel to reach the ancient town. 你得穿过这条隧道才能到达古镇。 【考点10】It happened to my grandpa，too. 【解析】 happen的用法： (1)发生，指（事件、事故等）发生，主语只能是事物（事件、事故、情况等），不能是人。 基础结构：sth + happen + 时间 / 地点状语 A small fire happened in the lab yesterday, but no one got hurt.昨天实验室发生了一起小火情，但没有人受伤。 sth. happen to sb./sth. 某人 / 某物出了某事（常指不好的状况）to 是介词，后接宾语。 What happened to you? You look worried.你怎么了？你看起来很焦虑。 Something happened to my computer, so I couldn’t finish my homework.我的电脑出了点问题，所以我没法完成作业。 (2)碰巧；恰好, 侧重事情的偶然性、巧合性，主语是人。 核心句型：sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事例句： I happened to meet my head teacher when I was walking home. 我走路回家的时候，碰巧遇到了班主任。 She happened to know the answer to the question.她恰好知道这个问题的答案。 It happens that + 从句 恰好.... It happened that I was not at home when he visited me.他来拜访我的时候，我恰好不在家。 注意： （1）被动语态： happen 是不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语，因此没有被动形式。 ❌ 错误：The accident was happened on a rainy night. ✅ 正确：The accident happened on a rainy night. （2) happen VS take place 两者都表示 “发生”，且都没有被动语态，核心区别在于事件的性质： 词汇 用法侧重 常见主语 例句 happen 强调偶然、意外、 无计划地发生 事故、灾害、 突发状况 A heavy rain happened on our way to the mountain. take place 强调有计划、 有安排地举行 / 发生 会议、节日、 比赛、变化 The school sports meeting will take place next Friday. (3） 完成时态易错点 happen 是短暂性动词，动作不能持续，因此不能与 for + 时间段连用。❌ 错误：The thing has happened for two weeks. ✅ 正确：The thing happened two weeks ago. ✅ 正确：It has been two weeks since the thing happened. 【考点11】But now he forgets how to reach the park. 【解析】 “疑问词 + 动词不定式（to do）” 本质是一个名词性短语，在句中可充当宾语、主语、表语等成分。 基本构成 ：可用于该结构的疑问词分为两类 疑问代词：what, which, who, whose 疑问副词：when, where, how 疑问代词（what/which/whose）后可接名词，再加不定式： 例：which book to buy 买哪本书；what clothes to wear 穿什么衣服 作宾语时， 该结构最常放在及物动词或介词后面作宾语， 作及物动词的宾语 认知类：know, learn, find out（知道、了解、查明） We need to find out how to get to the museum.我们需要查明怎么去博物馆。 决策类：decide, choose（决定、选择） She can’t decide which skirt to buy for the party.她没法决定聚会买哪条裙子。 告知 / 询问类：ask, tell, show, teach（询问、告诉、展示） The teacher taught us how to write a good English composition. 老师教了我们怎么写好英语作文。 记忆 / 思考类：forget, remember, wonder（忘记、记得、想知道） I forgot when to hand in our homework.我忘了什么时候交作业。 作介词的宾语 常放在 worry about, talk about, think about 等 “动词 + 介词” 短语后： We are talking about where to go for the summer holiday.我们在讨论暑假去哪里。 高频易错点： （1)what to do VS how to do it what to do：what 本身是 do 的逻辑宾语，后面绝对不能再加 it ✅ I don’t know what to do next. ❌ I don’t know what to do it next. how to do it how 是方式状语，do 是及物动词，后面必须加宾语 it/them ✅ Could you tell me how to do it? ❌ Could you tell me how to do? (2)作句子成份时： 作主语：通常视为单数例：What to do next is still a problem.接下来做什么还是个问题。 作表语：放在系动词 be 之后例：The question is where to have the class meeting.问题是在哪里开班会。 【考点12】Instead of what he forgets，I keep in mind what he remembers 【解析】 1.instead核心含义及基础用法： 代替；反而；相反（表示用前者替代后者，或引出与前文相反的情况） 核心考点：单独使用，不能接宾语；通常放在句首（加逗号）或句末（不加逗号） 句首例句：She didn't go to the cinema. Instead, she stayed at home and read a book. 句末例句：I don't like coffee. Can I have tea instead? instead 与 instead of 单词 / 短语 词性 能否接宾语 位置 后接成分 例句 instead 副词 ❌ 绝对不能 句首（加逗号）/ 句末 无 He was busy, so I went instead. instead of 介词短语 ✅ 必须接 句中 名词 / 代词宾格 / 动名词 (doing) I will go instead of you. /She likes reading instead of watching TV. 2.keep ...in mind牢记……；把…… 记在心里 We must keep safety rules in mind when we go out. = We must keep in mind safety rules when we go out. 我们出门时必须牢记安全规则。 This is the key grammar point. Please keep it in mind. 【考点13】In your case，your grandma still remembers that you love cookies. 【解析】 case的用法： 名词（n.），复数形式为 cases（规则变化，直接加 -s） 情况；情形；事例 泛指某件具体的事情、状况或实例。 In most cases, the more you practice, the better your spoken English will be. 在大多数情况下，你练习得越多，英语口语就会越好。 If that is the case, we will have to change our plan. 如果情况属实，我们就得改变计划。 箱；盒；套 指用来装东西的容器。 There is a ruler and three pens in my pencil case. 我的铅笔盒里有一把尺子和三支钢笔。 Mom bought a case of milk for the whole family. 妈妈给全家买了一箱牛奶。 （疾病的）病例；案例 多用于描述疾病、问题的具体实例 There were a few cases of cold in our class last week. 上周我们班有几例感冒。 固定短语： in this /that case 既然这样 / 那样的话；如果这样 / 那样 --- I’m afraid I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight. 恐怕我今晚不能和你去看电影了。 — ---In that case, I’ll ask Tom to go with me. 那样的话，我就叫汤姆和我一起去。 in case + 完整句子。 以防；万一 用法：引导目的 / 条件状语从句，从句常用一般现在时表示将来含义， Take an umbrella with you in case it rains this afternoon. 带把伞吧，以防今天下午下雨。 You’d better take notes in class in case you forget the key knowledge. 你上课最好记笔记，免得忘记重点知识。 in case of + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词 假如；万一 用法：介词短语，后只能接名词性成分，不能接完整句子，和 in case 的区分是高频易错题。 In case of danger, stay calm and ask for help in time. 万一遇到危险，保持冷静并及时求助。 We should keep the first-aid box nearby in case of accidents. 我们应该把急救箱放在附近，以备意外。 in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 In any case, you must arrive at school before 7:30. 无论如何，你必须在七点半前到校。 in most cases 在大多数情况下 In most cases, it’s impolite to ask others’ personal questions. 在大多数情况下，询问别人的私人问题是不礼貌的。 【考点14】Pardon me，where can I get a bus to the airport？ 【解析】 pardon的用法： （1）作动词，过去式 / 过去分词 pardoned 核心词义：原谅；宽恕；（礼貌请求）再说一遍 原谅；宽恕（小过错、失礼行为） ，原谅他人的疏忽、轻微冒犯，语气比 forgive 轻。 固定搭配：pardon sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事 Please pardon me for being late.请原谅我迟到了。 She pardoned her deskmate for breaking her pen.她原谅了同桌弄坏她钢笔的事。 赦免（法律层面） 指官方免除罪行、刑罚， The king pardoned the prisoner.国王赦免了这名囚犯。 （2）作名词： 原谅；宽恕（抽象含义，不可数名词） 常见搭配： beg one's pardon 请求某人的原谅 ask for pardon 请求宽恕 He went to his teacher to beg her pardon for his rudeness. 他走到老师面前，为自己的无礼请求原谅。 赦免令；赦免（可数名词） 高频考点：口语交际句型 这是听力、情景对话题的必考点，pardon 在日常对话中最常用的功能是礼貌请求对方重复没听清的话。 Pardon? / Beg your pardon? / I beg your pardon? 含义：请再说一遍好吗？ 场景：没听清、没听懂对方的话，礼貌地请求重复，对长辈、老师、陌生人使用，语气正式且礼貌。 • 语调：读升调 — Could you tell me the homework today?— Pardon? I didn't hear you clearly.— 你能告诉我今天的作业吗？— 能再说一遍吗？我没听清。 I beg your pardon. 含义：对不起；请原谅。 场景：不小心冒犯、打扰到别人时，用来道歉，语气比 sorry 更正式。 语调：读降调 例句：I beg your pardon. I didn't mean to knock into you.对不起，我不是故意撞到你的。 Pardon me. 含义：打扰一下；劳驾；对不起。 场景：相当于 excuse me，用来引起注意、借过、打断别人或轻微道歉。 例句：Pardon me. Could you tell me the way to the nearest bus stop?打扰一下，你能告诉我去最近的公交站怎么走？ 【考点15】Many years later, the grown-up fox returned home. 【解析】 grown-up的用法： （1）作形容词，成年的；成熟的；长大成人的 He has a grown-up son.他有一个已成年的儿子。 The students showed grown-up courage when facing difficulties.学生们在面对困难时表现出了成年人般的勇气。 (2)作名词，成年人， 相当于adult，复数形式为grown-ups. Every grown-up should set a good example for children. 每个成年人都应该为孩子们树立好榜样。 【考点16】He felt sad when he recalled what happened. 【解析】 recall的用法： (1)作动词，过去式 / 过去分词 recalled，现在分词 recalling recall sth. /sb. 回忆起某事 / 某人 ,直接接名词 / 代词作宾语，指回想出具体的人、事、细节等。 I can’t recall his name right now.我一时想不起他的名字了。 She still recalls the happy days in the countryside clearly.她依然清晰地记得在乡下的快乐时光。 recall doing sth. 记得做过某事，后接动名词（doing），表示事情已经发生，现在回想起来。He recalled seeing the man near the bank that night.他记得那晚在银行附近见过这个男人。、 • I don’t recall making such a promise.我不记得许下过这样的承诺。 补充：可在 doing 前加逻辑主语（宾格 / 形容词性物主代词），初中阶段了解即可I recall him saying that he would be late.我记得他说过他会迟到。 recall + that /wh- 从句 回忆说……；回想起来…… 后接宾语从句，引导词 that 可省略。The witness recalled (that) he had seen a red car passing by.证人回忆说，他曾看到一辆红色轿车经过。 Can you recall where you put your schoolbag?你能想起把书包放在哪里了吗？ 拓展义项：召回；收回。指官方、公司收回有问题的产品，或召回相关人员。 The car company recalled thousands of cars because of safety problems.这家汽车公司因安全问题召回了数千辆汽车。 (2)作名词， 多为不可数名词，表 “回忆；回想”， 常见固定搭配： beyond recall 记不起；无法挽回 The scene in my childhood is beyond recall now.童年的那番景象我现在已经记不清了。 a recall of sth. 对…… 的回忆Her recall of the accident helped the police a lot.她对事故的回忆帮了警方大忙。 拓展： re-是常见的前缀之一，表示“再；重新；重复”。 rebuild重建；再造 retell重述 rewrite重写 reuse再使用 【考点17】When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth,she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. 【解析】 1.on one's way home 基本释义：在某人回家的路上 结构： on + 形容词性物主代词/名词所有格 + way + home one's：需替换为形容词性物主代词（my, your, his, her, our, their）或名词所有格（Tom's, Lily's），必须与句子主语保持一致。 home：此处是地点副词，前面绝对不能加介词 to，这是本短语最核心的易错点。 正确示例 on my way home 在我回家的路上 on his way home 在他回家的路上 on the children's way home 在孩子们回家的路上 核心考点： on one's way to + 名词地点 是基础结构，意为 “在去某地的路上”； 但 home /here/there 是地点副词，副词前不能加介词 to，因此要省略 to。 对比记忆： ✅ on my way to school（school 是名词，加 to） ✅ on my way home（home 是副词，不加 to） ✅ on her way to the library ✅ on her way there 常用扩展搭配，后接 from + 地点 表 “从某地回家的路上”： on one's way home from school 放学回家的路上 on one's way home from work 下班回家的路上 I saw a lovely cat on my way home from school this afternoon. 今天下午我在放学回家的路上看到了一只可爱的小猫。 2.warn 用法详解： warn 意为警告；告诫；提醒；预先警示。及物动词（vt.），可直接接宾语 名词形式：warning（警告；警示；预告），可数 / 不可数 过去式 / 过去分词：warned /warned（规则变化） 核心用法： warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告 / 告诫某人（不要）做某事 The teacher warned us not to swim in the deep river alone. 老师告诫我们不要独自去深河里游泳。 The policeman warned the driver to pay attention to the traffic lights. 警察提醒司机注意交通信号灯。 被动语态结构：sb. be warned (not) to do sth. Teenagers are warned not to stay up too often. 青少年被告诫不要频繁熬夜。 warn sb. of sth. /warn sb. about sth. 提醒 / 警示某人注意某事 warn sb. of sth.：侧重预警危险、祸患、不利后果，正式且带有风险警示意味 warn sb. about sth.：用法更宽泛，可指提醒各类需要留意的事 The sign on the mountain warns visitors of the falling rocks. 山上的标识警示游客注意落石危险。 My deskmate warned me about the math test this Friday. 我同桌提醒了我这周五的数学测验。 warn sb. against (doing) sth. 告诫某人提防 / 不要做某事 He warned me against walking through the forest at night. = He warned me not to walk through the forest at night. 他告诫我不要在夜间穿行这片森林。 Parents should warn children against strange men online. 家长应该告诫孩子提防网络上的陌生人。 warn + that /wh- 从句 警告说……；提醒说…… 常结合宾语从句考查，引导词 that 可省略。 The weather report warned (that) a strong typhoon would come next week. 天气预报预警称下周将有强台风来袭。 She warned me what problems I might meet in the competition. 她提醒了我比赛中可能遇到的问题。 拓展：名词 warning 的用法 可数名词：指具体的 “警示语、警告通知、告诫” There is a clear warning on the machine: "Danger! Keep off." 机器上有清晰的警示：“危险！请勿靠近”。 不可数名词：指抽象的 “警告、警示” 这一行为 He didn’t take his father’s warning seriously and finally failed. 他没把父亲的告诫当回事，最终失败了。 三. 单元语法聚焦 疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、基础概念与引导词 1. 什么是宾语从句 一个完整的句子放在动词 / 介词后面作宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 句子结构拆分： 主句（主谓） + 引导词 + 从句（陈述语序） 例：I know what his name is. 主句：I know；引导词：what；从句：what his name is（作 know 的宾语） 2. 常见引导词 疑问词引导的宾语从句，引导词就是我们学过的特殊疑问词，分为两类： 疑问代词（在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语）：what（什么）、who（谁）、whose（谁的）、which（哪一个） 疑问副词（在从句中作状语）：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为什么）、how（如何） 注意：疑问词引导的宾语从句，引导词必须保留，不能省略（和 that 引导的陈述句宾语从句不同）。 二、三大核心规则 规则 1：从句必须用「陈述语序」 特殊疑问句本身是「疑问语序」（助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词放在主语前面），但变成宾语从句后，必须改成陈述语序，结构为： 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分 下面分 4 种常见情况对比讲解： 情况 1：原句含 be 动词（am/is/are/was/were） 原疑问句：Where is the library? 宾语从句：Please tell me where the library is. ✅ 引导词 where + 主语 the library + 谓语 is ❌ 错误：Please tell me where is the library. 情况 2：原句含情态动词（can/may/should 等） 原疑问句：How can I get to the park? 宾语从句：I don’t know how I can get to the park. ✅ 引导词 how + 主语 I + 谓语 can get ❌ 错误：I don’t know how can I get to the park. 情况 3：原句含实义动词，有助动词 do/does/did 核心要点：变成宾语从句后，必须去掉助动词 do/does/did，谓语动词根据时态和主语变回原形 / 三单 / 过去式。 原疑问句：What does he study? 宾语从句：She asks what he studies. ✅ 去掉 does，study 变回三单形式 studies ❌ 错误：She asks what does he study. 原疑问句：When did you finish your homework? 宾语从句：The teacher asked when I finished my homework. ✅ 去掉 did，finish 变回过去式 finished ❌ 错误：The teacher asked when did I finish my homework. 情况 4：疑问词本身作主语 如果疑问词在原疑问句中就是主语，语序本来就是陈述语序，变成从句时不需要改动。 原疑问句：Who broke the window? 宾语从句：No one knows who broke the window. （who 本身是主语，后面直接接谓语 broke，语序不变） 规则 2：时态要呼应 主句的时态会影响从句的时态，遵循 3 个原则： 1. 主现从不限 主句是一般现在时时，从句可以根据实际情况用任何时态（一般现在、一般过去、一般将来等都可以）。 I know where he lives.（从句一般现在时，表常态） I know where he lived 3 years ago.（从句一般过去时，表过去的状态） I know where he will go tomorrow.（从句一般将来时，表未发生的动作） 2. 主过从必过 主句是一般过去时时，从句必须使用对应的过去时态，把原来的时态「往过去推一格」： 原时态 对应过去时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时（would + 动词原形） 现在进行时 过去进行时（was/were + doing） He said where he lived.（原一般现在时→一般过去时） She asked when we would start.（原一般将来时→过去将来时） 3. 真理永一现 如果从句描述的是客观真理、自然现象、名言警句，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. （地球绕太阳转是客观真理，用 goes，不用过去式 went） 规则 3：常接宾语从句的动词 后面常接疑问词宾语从句的动词主要有： 认知类：know, learn, find out（知道、查明） 询问 / 告知类：ask, tell, show（问、告诉、展示） 思考类：wonder, decide, forget, remember（想知道、决定、忘记、记得） We want to find out who won the game. Can you tell me how I can improve my English? 三、常考句型转换：与「疑问词 + to do」互换 转换条件： 当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有 can/should/will 等情态动词时，宾语从句可以简化为「疑问词 + to do」结构，意思不变。 转换公式： 主句 + 疑问词 + 主语 + can/should + 动词原形 = 主句 + 疑问词 + to + 动词原形 I don’t know what I should do next. = I don’t know what to do next. She can’t decide which skirt she will buy. = She can’t decide which skirt to buy. 易错提醒：what to do 本身完整（what 作 do 的宾语）；how to do 后面必须加宾语（如 how to do it）。 过关检测 一．单项选择 1.---I don't know how to improve my spoken English. Could you give me ______? ---Of course. You can practice talking with your classmates in English every day. A. a advice B. some advices C. many advice D. some advice 2. The photo always ______ me ______ the happy days we spent in the countryside.​ A. reminds; for B. reminds; of C. remembers; of D. memorizes; for 3.The teacher always tells us to avoid ______ the same careless mistake again in our exams. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 4.The teacher always tells us to pay attention to ______ carefully when she is explaining the grammar rules. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 5.---Excuse me, could you tell me ______? I want to borrow some books. ---Sure. It's on the third floor of the teaching building. A. where is the library B. where the library is C. what is the library D. what the library is 6.We need ______ to design the poster for our school art festival. He or she should be good at drawing and thinking differently. A. someone creative B. creative someone C. anyone creative D. creative anyone 7.It rained heavily yesterday, so we didn't go to the park. We stayed at home and read books ______. A. instead B. instead of C. rather D. but 8.The policeman warned the children ______ across the street when the traffic light is red. A. to not run B. not to run C. don't run D. not run 9.You'd better take an umbrella with you ______ it rains in the afternoon. The weather report says there will be a sudden shower. A. in case B. in case of C. so that D. in order that 10.---Could you please help me carry these heavy books to the classroom? ---______. I'm going there anyway. A. You're welcome B. With pleasure C. It doesn't matter D. That's all right 二．单词填空 1.The map shows the exact p_____(位置) of the small village near the river. 2.To everyone’s surprise, the little boy didn’t cry when he heard the bad news; he just sat there in s______(悲伤). 3. When I told him the news, he r ______(反应) with great surprise. 4.I bought two cinema ______​(票) online yesterday afternoon because the movie was very popular. 5. I picked up a black ______(钱包)on the bus this morning and handed it to the driver. 6.We decided to go for a ______(野餐) in the park last Sunday because the weather was sunny and warm. 7. ______(再说一遍)? I didn’t catch what you said just now. Could you repeat it more slowly? 8.I can still r______(回忆起，回想起) the day we first met, though it happened ten years ago. 9.Students must m______(记住) all the new words carefully for the weekly English test next Monday. 10.We need to arrive at the ______(机场) two hours early to check in and pass security before our flight departs. 三. 完形填空 Yesterday afternoon, I was cleaning my bedroom when I found an old box under the bed. I opened it carefully and saw a photo album (相册)inside. As I turned the pages, a flood of 1.____ came back to me. The first photo was of me and my grandma when I was five years old. We were sitting in her garden, 2.____ strawberries from her plants. I remembered how 3.____ those strawberries tasted, sweet and juicy. Grandma always 4.____ the biggest ones for me. She had a warm smile that could warm up even the coldest winter day. Another photo showed us making dumplings together. I was covered in flour(面粉), and Grandma was laughing 5.____ at me. She taught me how to fold the dumplings perfectly, 6.____ I always made them look like little ugly balls. We would cook them together and then 7.____ them with the whole family. Those were the happiest days of my childhood. Grandma passed away three years ago, but I still 8.____ her every day. This photo album is the most 9. ____ thing I have. It 10 .____ me of all the love and joy she brought into my life. 1. A. memories B. dreams C. ideas D. minds 2. A. buying B. picking C. growing D. selling 3. A. bad B. sour C. delicious D. salty 4. A. saved B. warmed C. took D. cheered 5. A. sadly B. angrily C. loudly D. quietly 6. A. but B. so C. because D. if 7. A. make B. cook C. share D. retell 8. A. forget B. miss C. see D. visit 9. A. expensive B. beautiful C. useless D. valuable 10. A. reminds B. interviews C. warns D. reacts 四. 阅读理解 A Have you ever studied hard for an exam, only to forget most of what you learned just a few days later? This common experience can be explained by the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve(艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线), one of the most important discoveries in the study of human memory. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a German psychologist, created this curve(曲线)in the late 19th century. He tested his own memory by memorizing lists of meaningless syllables(音节) and then testing himself at different time intervals(间隔). What he found was surprising: people forget most of what they learn very quickly. In fact, we forget about 50% of new information within 20 minutes, and about 70% within 24 hours. However, the good news is that this forgetting process can be slowed down. The key is spaced repetition(间隔重复). Ebbinghaus's research showed that if we review new material 10 minutes after learning it, then again 1 day later, 3 days later, 7 days later, and finally 14 days later, we can remember up to 90% of it for a long time. This discovery has changed the way people study. Many students now use spaced repetition apps to help them remember vocabulary, formulas(公式), and historical facts. It also explains why cramming (临时死记硬背)for exams the night before doesn't work—you might remember the information for a few hours, but you'll forget most of it very quickly. Our memory is not like a computer hard drive that stores information perfectly. It's more like a muscle(肌肉) that needs regular exercise to stay strong. By understanding how our memory works and using the right methods, we can all become better learners. 1.Who created the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve? A. A German psychologist B. An American scientist C. A British teacher D. A French doctor 2.According to the passage, how much new information do people forget within 24 hours? A. About 20% B. About 50% C. About 70% D. About 90% 3.What is the key to slowing down the forgetting process? A. Studying for long hours B. Spaced repetition C. Cramming before exams D. Using computer hard drives 4.Why does cramming for exams not work well? A. Because it makes students too tired B. Because information is only remembered for a short time C. Because it doesn't cover all the material D. Because it causes stress 5.What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to pass exams easily B. The life of Hermann Ebbinghaus C. The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve and its importance for learning D. Different types of human memory B Every Saturday morning, Lily would take a bus to the nursing home to visit her grandpa. Grandpa had Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默病).He often forgot where he put his glasses, what he had for breakfast, and even sometimes forgot who Lily was. But Lily never got upset. She knew that deep in grandpa's heart, the love for her was still there. One Saturday, Lily brought a small bag of sunflower seeds. "Grandpa, do you remember?" she said softly. "We planted sunflowers in your backyard last summer. You said they would grow taller than me." Grandpa looked at the seeds in Lily's hand, and his eyes lit up. "Sunflowers," he whispered. "I love sunflowers. They always face the sun, just like my little girl." Lily's eyes filled with tears. Grandpa didn't remember her name, but he remembered the sunflowers they planted together. He remembered that she was his "little girl". Then, Grandpa slowly put his hand into his pocket and took out a small, dried sunflower seed. "I kept this for you," he said with a big smile. "For the little girl who loves sunflowers. We can plant it together again." Lily held the seed tightly in her hand. At that moment, she realized that memory is not just about remembering names and dates. It's about the love and joy we share with the people we care about. Even if the mind forgets, the heart will always remember. 6.Why does Lily visit her grandpa every Saturday? A. Because she needs grandpa's help with her homework. B. Because grandpa lives alone and needs someone to take care of him. C. Because grandpa has Alzheimer's disease and she loves him. D. Because the nursing home is near her house. 7.What did Lily bring to her grandpa one Saturday? A. A pair of glasses. B. Some sunflower seeds. C. A photo album. D. His favorite breakfast. 8.What does the underlined phrase "lit up" in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A. 点亮 B. 燃烧 C. 照亮 D. 露出喜色 9.What can we learn from the story? A. Alzheimer's disease can be cured easily. B. Grandpa remembered everything about Lily. C. The heart remembers love even if the mind forgets. D. Sunflowers can help people improve their memory. 10.What is the best title for the passage? A. The Nursing Home B. The Sunflower Seed C. A Girl and Her Grandpa D. The Memory of Love 词汇部分 1.run out of 2.make a strawberry cake 3.advise sb.to do sth. 4.bring homework to school 5.attend a lecture 6.in one’s opinion 7.mix up 8.ride a bike 9.put sth.in good use 10.pay attention to 11.main points 12.retell a story 13.memorize a rule exactly 14.exercise your memory 15.reduce stress 16.stay confident 17.go through 18.happen to 19.used to 20.instead of 21.keep...in mind 22.in sb’s case 23.invite sb.to the picnic 24.remind sb.of sth. 25.warn sb.of sth. 过关检测 一.单项选择题 1-5DBCCB 6-10AABAB 二.单词填空题 1.position 2.sadness 3.reacted 4.tickets 5.wallet 6.picnic 7.Pardon 8.recall 9.memorize 10.airport 三.完形填空题 1-5ABCAC 6-10ACBDA 四.阅读理解题 A 篇 1-5 ACBBC B 篇 6-10 CBDCD 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $