专题1 时态与时间标志（课件）-2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》

2027版甘肃省（中职升学考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习课件 专题1 时态与时间标志 先锁定时间，再落实谓语形式 适用：甘肃省中职升学考试英语一轮复习 课堂目标 对齐课程标准：语言知识服务真实语境中的理解与表达 本节课要解决 • 能根据 yesterday, next Monday, for/since 等时间信号判断动作时间。 • 能把时间判断落实到 am/is/are, was/were, do/does/did, will do 等谓语形式。 • 能在主动、被动、There be、简答和延续性动词中保持形式一致。 课堂训练落点 • 从题干中圈出显性时间词，也能识别 came back, hit 等隐性动作链。 • 短答、句型转换、语法填空不只靠中文意思，要看结构词。 • 把甘肃真题中的高频对应关系练熟：last night—Did/was；for/since—have done；next—will be done。 2 课堂路径 沿讲义结构自然展开，不把长段讲义直接搬上屏 01 考情解码 四年真题定位与三类陷阱 02 体系构建 时间—形式—语义三层对应 03 核心突破 五组高频考点逐项突破 04 题型迁移 单选、填空、转换与改错 05 真题溯源 近年原题回扣与考向总结 3 01 考情解码 先看甘肃卷怎么考，再决定课堂怎么练 • 时态与时间标志：4年4考 • 单项选择是主阵地，也会迁移到填空和句型转换 • 常与语态、There be、简答、延续性动词交叉 4 四年真题定位 时态是甘肃卷每年都会碰到的基础语法主线 年份 相关真题考查 一轮复习启示 2021 第1题：yesterday + was found；第2题：every day + There is 时间状语直接提示时态，同时与语态、There be结合。 2022 第5题：last night + was/wasn't；第7题：for one hour/since eight 既考一般过去时，也考完成时与完成进行时。 2023 第8题：last night + Did/didn't；第12题：How long/For about two weeks 一般过去时疑问句和现在完成时延续性动词高频易错。 2024 第2题：came back/hit + slipped；第3题：yesterday + was/were 时态常与并列谓语、be动词、助动词和简答合考。 5 命题预警 甘肃卷时态题的三类高频陷阱 yesterday, next Monday, for two weeks 出现后，选项常把过去、将来、完成混放。 关键：时间一致，还要兼顾人称、单复数和语态。 陷阱一：时间明确，形式混乱 Did / does / doesn't / didn't 后面都接动词原形。 看到 Did Kate do...，不能因为 last night 再写 did。 陷阱二：助动词后不还原 for about two weeks, since eight, How long 表示持续到现在。 borrow, buy, begin, leave 要换成 keep, have, be on, be away。 陷阱三：时间段碰短暂动词 一句话：不是背时态名称，而是在句子里把时间、结构和动作关系同时对上。 6 02 体系构建 把时态判断压成一条清楚的课堂路径 • 第一层：时间标志 • 第二层：谓语形式 • 第三层：语义关系与主被动 7 知识主干 时间标志、谓语形式、甘肃卷落点三线并行 时态类别 典型时间标志 谓语基本形式 常见落点 一般现在时 every day, often, usually am/is/are；do/does；三单 -s/-es 习惯、事实、状态；There be 一般过去时 yesterday, last..., ...ago was/were；动词过去式；did + 原形 过去结束动作；并列谓语 一般将来时 tomorrow, next..., soon will do；be going to do；will be done 计划、预测；将来被动 进行时 now, Look!, at 8 yesterday am/is/are doing；was/were doing 正在发生；过去背景 完成/完成进行 already, yet, for, since, How long have/has done；have/has been doing 影响、持续、一直在做 8 四步锁定答案 课堂上按顺序做，不在选项里乱猜 1 圈时间 标出 yesterday, last night, next Monday, for/since 等；没有显性词，再看动作链。 2 定句型 be动词句、行为动词句、情态动词句不能混用；疑问否定先看助动词。 3 看主被动 主语发出动作，用主动；主语承受动作，用 be done，再套入对应时态。 4 查延续 for/since/How long 出现时，检查短暂性动词是否需要换成延续性表达。 题型迁移：单项选择看时间与形式，语法填空写正确谓语，句型转换处理语态与延续性。 9 03 核心突破 五组考点逐项讲清：先规则，再例句，再练习 • 一般现在 / 过去 / 将来 • 进行 / 完成 / 完成进行 • 时间标志与句内信号 • be动词、助动词与简答 • 时态与语态综合 10 考点1 一般现在时、一般过去时与一般将来时 • 先锁定时间，再确定谓语形式 • 注意助动词后动词还原 • 将来时被动：will be done 11 考点1：三种基本时态 从时间方向进入，不从中文感觉进入 用法：经常性动作、习惯安排、客观事实。 结构：am/is/are；do/does；三单加 -s/-es。 标志：every day, often, usually, on Sundays。 例句：He often checks the machines before work. 一般现在时 用法：过去某时发生并结束的动作。 结构：was/were；动词过去式；did + 动词原形。 标志：yesterday, last night, just now, two days ago。 例句：The worker repaired the bike yesterday. 一般过去时 用法：将要发生的动作、计划或预测。 结构：will do；be going to do；will be done。 标志：tomorrow, next week, soon, this afternoon。 例句：They will visit the training center tomorrow. 一般将来时 12 考点1：知识清单 把标志词和谓语形式直接对应起来 类别/项目 核心用法 例句 易错提醒 every day / often 一般现在时 He often checks the machines before work. 主语He后用checks。 yesterday / last night 一般过去时 The worker repaired the bike yesterday. 过去时间明确，用repaired。 tomorrow / next week 一般将来时 They will visit the training center tomorrow. 尚未发生，用will visit。 did / didn't 过去疑问或否定 Did Kate finish the report last night? Did后finish用原形。 will be done 将来时被动 The notice will be posted this afternoon. notice与post为被动关系。 13 考点1 即时训练（1） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 1. My father ________ to work by bus every day. A. go B. goes C. went D. will go 【答案】B 【详解】every day提示一般现在时；主语My father为第三人称单数，go要变为goes。 2. They ________ the classroom after school yesterday. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. will clean 【答案】C 【详解】yesterday提示一般过去时，clean应变为过去式cleaned。 3. —________ you visit the factory next Friday? —Yes, I will. A. Do B. Did C. Will D. Are 【答案】C 【详解】next Friday提示一般将来时，答语I will对应will引导的一般疑问句。 14 考点1 即时训练（2） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 4. Tom ________ late for the meeting just now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C 【详解】just now提示一般过去时；Tom为单数，be动词过去式用was。 5. Did Jenny ________ the e-mail last night? A. send B. sent C. sends D. sending 【答案】A 【详解】Did构成一般过去时疑问句，后面行为动词必须用原形send。 6. A new training plan ________ next month. A. makes B. made C. will make D. will be made 【答案】D 【详解】next month提示将来时；plan与make是被动关系，应用will be made。 15 考点2 进行时、完成时与完成进行时 • 正在做：进行时 • 已经做 / 持续到现在：完成时 • 一直在做：完成进行时 16 考点2：三类动作状态 先判断动作状态，再落到谓语结构 现在进行：am/is/are doing 标志：now, Look!, Listen!, at the moment 例句：Look! The mechanic is repairing the bus. 过去进行：was/were doing 标志：at 8 yesterday, when/while背景 例句：I was checking the list when he called. 进行时 结构：have/has done 用法：过去动作对现在有影响，或状态从过去持续到现在。 标志：already, yet, just, ever, never, for, since, How long 例句：She has already finished the report. 完成时 结构：have/has been doing 用法：从过去开始持续到现在，强调动作仍在延续或刚停止。 标志：since seven, for two hours, all morning 例句：He has been waiting since seven. 完成进行时 17 考点2：知识清单 doing、done、been doing 不混用 类别/项目 核心用法 例句/形式 易错提醒 now / Look! 现在进行时 is repairing 动作正在发生。 at that time / when... 过去进行时 was/were doing 过去某时正在进行。 already / just / yet 现在完成时（影响） has finished 强调结果或影响。 for + 时间段 现在完成时（持续） have kept 短暂动词要转换。 since + 时间点 现在完成进行时 has been waiting 强调一直在等。 18 考点2 即时训练（1） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 1. Look! The boys ________ basketball on the playground. A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play 【答案】C 【详解】Look提示动作正在发生，主语The boys为复数，应用are playing。 2. At eight yesterday evening, my sister ________ a report. A. writes B. wrote C. was writing D. has written 【答案】C 【详解】At eight yesterday evening表示过去某一时刻正在进行，用过去进行时was writing。 3. —How long have you ________ this bike? —For three years. A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent 【答案】B 【详解】How long和For three years提示延续性状态；have表示“拥有”，可持续。 19 考点2 即时训练（2） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 4. We ________ three units since the new term began. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. are learning 【答案】C 【详解】since the new term began提示从过去延续到现在，用现在完成时have learned。 5. Ms. Green ________ for the missing file all morning, but she hasn't found it yet. A. looks B. looked C. has been looking D. will look 【答案】C 【详解】all morning与hasn't found it yet表明动作持续到现在并可能继续。 6. I can't go out now. I ________ my online form. A. fill in B. filled in C. am filling in D. have filled in 【答案】C 【详解】now提示此刻正在填写，应用现在进行时am filling in。 20 考点3 时间标志词与句内信号 • 显性时间词：直接提示时间 • 结构词：限制动词形式 • 隐性动作链：让上下文告诉时态 21 考点3：先找信号 显性词不够时，看句内结构和动作链 过去：yesterday, last night, just now, two days ago 现在习惯：every day, often, usually, on Sundays 将来：tomorrow, next week, soon, in the future 完成：already, yet, just, for, since, How long 显性时间信号 Did 后动词用原形；does 后动词用原形。 will 和情态动词后接动词原形。 was/were doing 指向过去进行。 have/has done 指向现在完成。 句内结构信号 just now 常用一般过去时；just 常与现在完成时连用。 every day 表示经常性动作；now 表示正在进行。 for + 时间段；since + 时间点或过去时间从句。 易混信号 22 考点3：判断顺序 三步走，避免只凭中文意思选答案 • 先找时间状语：yesterday, tomorrow, every day, since, for, now。 • 再看句内结构：did, does, will, have/has, was/were 会限制后面形式。 • 最后看动作关系：承受动作看被动；正在发生看进行；持续到现在看完成。 23 考点3 即时训练（1） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 1. The visitors ________ at the hotel at 9:00 last night. A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. have arrived 【答案】B 【详解】last night是显性过去时间标志，arrive应用过去式arrived。 2. The bus usually ________ at the school gate at 7:20. A. stop B. stops C. stopped D. will stop 【答案】B 【详解】usually提示经常性动作；主语The bus为第三人称单数，动词用stops。 3. When the teacher entered the room, the students ________ up. A. stand B. stood C. are standing D. have stood 【答案】B 【详解】entered是过去式，when从句提供过去背景，主句动作也发生在过去。 24 考点3 即时训练（2） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 4. —How long ________ you ________ in this company? —Since 2022. A. did; work B. do; work C. have; worked D. will; work 【答案】C 【详解】How long和Since 2022提示动作持续到现在，用现在完成时have worked。 5. The workers ________ the new machine next week. A. test B. tested C. are testing D. will test 【答案】D 【详解】next week提示将来动作，用will test。 6. I ________ my ID card at home this morning, so I had to go back. A. leave B. left C. have left D. will leave 【答案】B 【详解】had to go back提示过去动作链，应用left。 25 考点4 be动词、助动词与简答 • 形式一致是基础题的关键得分点 • 问句用什么结构，答句就跟什么结构 • There be 看就近名词，不把 there 当主语 26 考点4：形式一致 看清句型，比单纯翻译更稳 现在：I am；单数/不可数 is；复数和 you are。 过去：单数多用 was；复数和 you 用 were。 例：Was Mary here last night? be动词 do/does：一般现在时疑问或否定。does用于三单，后面动词用原形。 did：一般过去时疑问或否定；did已经体现过去。 助动词 Are you...? Yes, I am. Did he...? Yes, he did. There be 看be后第一个名词：There is a notebook and two pens. 简答与There be 27 考点4：知识清单 问句、答句、There be 同步检查 类别/项目 核心用法 例句 易错提醒 be动词现在 am/is/are How are you? 主语you对应are。 be动词过去 was/were Was Mary here last night? last night提示过去。 一般现在疑问 Do/Does + 原形 Does he work here? Does后work用原形。 一般过去疑问 Did + 原形 Did Kate finish it? Did后finish用原形。 There be 就近一致 There were many people. many people为复数且过去。 28 考点4 即时训练（1） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 1. —________ your brother at home yesterday afternoon? —No, he ________. A. Was; wasn't B. Was; didn't C. Did; wasn't D. Is; isn't 【答案】A 【详解】at home是表语，句子属于be动词句；yesterday afternoon提示过去，brother单数用Was。 2. —________ Lily finish the form just now? —Yes, she ________. A. Was; was B. Did; did C. Does; does D. Is; is 【答案】B 【详解】finish是行为动词，just now提示一般过去时，疑问句用Did，肯定简答用did。 3. There ________ a notebook and two pens on the desk. A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】B 【详解】There be结构遵循就近原则，最近主语a notebook为单数，故用is。 29 考点4 即时训练（2） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 4. There ________ many cars near the station yesterday. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【详解】yesterday提示过去；many cars为复数，There be用were。 5. —How ________ your parents? —They are fine. A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】C 【详解】主语your parents为复数，且答语They are fine对应are。 6. Tom doesn't ________ breakfast at school. A. has B. have C. had D. having 【答案】B 【详解】doesn't后接动词原形，have breakfast为固定搭配。 30 考点5 时态与语态综合 • 先看时间，再看主语与动作关系 • 被动语态必须有 be + done • for/since 还要检查延续性动词 31 考点5：主动、被动、延续 时态题常与语态和动词词义交叉 主语是动作发出者：主动。 Workers repair the machine every week. 主语承受动作：被动。 The room is cleaned every day. 主动与被动 一般现在时被动：am/is/are done The room is cleaned every day. 一般过去时被动：was/were done The cat was found yesterday. 一般将来时被动：will be done The speech will be given next Monday. 三种基础被动 for/since/How long 与时间段连用时，短暂动作不能直接持续。 borrow → keep buy → have begin → be on leave → be away 延续性动词 32 考点5：知识清单 把被动结构放进对应时态 类别/项目 核心用法 例句 易错提醒 一般现在时被动 am/is/are done The room is cleaned every day. every day + room被打扫 一般过去时被动 was/were done The cat was found yesterday. yesterday + cat被发现 一般将来时被动 will be done The speech will be given next Monday. speech承受give动作 现在完成时主动 have/has done She has finished the task. 动作完成，对现在有结果 延续性动词转换 keep/have/be away/be on I have kept it for two weeks. for时间段不能用borrowed 33 考点5 即时训练（1） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 1. The lost bag ________ by a worker yesterday. A. finds B. found C. was found D. is found 【答案】C 【详解】yesterday提示一般过去时；bag与find为被动关系，应用was found。 2. A skills show ________ in our school next Friday. A. holds B. held C. will hold D. will be held 【答案】D 【详解】next Friday提示将来时；skills show与hold为被动关系，应用will be held。 3. The classroom ________ every afternoon. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】every afternoon提示一般现在时；classroom被打扫，用is cleaned。 34 考点5 即时训练（2） 题目先思考，答案点击后显示 4. I have ________ this dictionary for a month. A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent 【答案】B 【详解】for a month表示持续时间，需用延续性动词；have表示拥有，可持续。 5. The meeting ________ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. has been on C. began D. will begin 【答案】B 【详解】for ten minutes要求延续性表达；begin为短暂性动词，应用has been on。 6. The windows ________ before the students left the room. A. closed B. were closed C. are closing D. will close 【答案】B 【详解】windows与close为被动关系；before the students left提示过去时间，用were closed。 35 04 题型贯通 围绕甘肃卷高频形式做迁移训练 • 单项选择：根据时间标志判断谓语形式 • 语法填空：把动词原形落实为正确时态/语态 • 句型转换与改错：处理被动和延续性表达 36 题型贯通：单项选择（1-2） 保持讲义原题顺序，答案点击后显示 1. The skill training center ________ a safety meeting every Friday.（ ） A. holds B. held C. will hold D. has held 【答案】A 【详解】every Friday提示经常性安排，主语center为第三人称单数，谓语用holds。 2. Ms. Gao ________ the equipment record after the class yesterday.（ ） A. checks B. checked C. will check D. has checked 【答案】B 【详解】yesterday提示一般过去时，check用过去式checked。 37 题型贯通：单项选择（3-4） 保持讲义原题顺序，答案点击后显示 3. The volunteers ________ the old machines next Saturday.（ ） A. clean B. cleaned C. will clean D. have cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】next Saturday表示将来时间，谓语用will clean。 4. Look! The trainees ________ the wires under the teacher's guidance.（ ） A. connect B. connected C. are connecting D. have connected 【答案】C 【详解】Look提示动作正在发生，主语trainees为复数，用are connecting。 38 题型贯通：单项选择（5-6） 保持讲义原题顺序，答案点击后显示 5. Our class ________ three practical lessons since Monday.（ ） A. has had B. had C. will have D. is having 【答案】A 【详解】since Monday表示从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时has had。 6. Did the driver ________ the bus before leaving the station?（ ） A. checked B. checks C. check D. checking 【答案】C 【详解】助动词Did后实义动词用原形，不能再用过去式。 39 题型贯通：单项选择（7-8） 保持讲义原题顺序，答案点击后显示 7. The posters ________ on the wall tomorrow morning.（ ） A. put B. were put C. have put D. will be put 【答案】D 【详解】posters承受put动作，tomorrow morning提示将来，被动用will be put。 8. There ________ a toolbox and two rulers on the workbench just now.（ ） A. is B. was C. are D. were 【答案】B 【详解】There be就近看a toolbox，just now提示过去，单数用was。 40 题型贯通：语法填空（1-3） 先判断时间和动作关系，再写完整谓语 1. The workshop ________ (open) at 8:00 every morning. 【答案】opens 【详解】every morning提示经常性动作，workshop为单数。 2. The students ________ (visit) the factory last week. 【答案】visited 【详解】last week提示一般过去时。 3. The notice ________ (put) up tomorrow. 【答案】will be put 【详解】notice承受put动作，tomorrow提示将来被动。 41 题型贯通：语法填空（4-5） for时间段与when背景是本页重点 4. I ________ (keep) this manual for three months. 【答案】have kept 【详解】for three months与延续性动词连用，用现在完成时。 5. When the bell rang, they ________ (discuss) the plan. 【答案】were discussing 【详解】when引导过去短动作，主句表示当时正在讨论。 42 题型贯通：句型转换与改错 转换题要保留原句时间关系 1. He borrowed the book two weeks ago.（用for two weeks改写） 【答案】He has kept the book for two weeks. 【详解】borrow为短暂性动词，和for时间段连用时改为keep。 2. They clean the lab every day.（改为被动语态） 【答案】The lab is cleaned by them every day. 【详解】every day保留一般现在时，lab承受clean动作。 43 05 真题溯源 回到原题，看高频对应关系怎样落地 • 题干括注只保留真题来源 • 解析中说明时间、结构、主被动和易错项 • 按讲义顺序呈现，不重组题目 44 真题溯源训练：第32题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 32.（2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第1题）The little cat ________ under the car yesterday. A. was found B. is found C. was founded D. is founded 【答案】A 【详解】yesterday提示一般过去时；cat与find是被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态was found。founded是found“建立”的过去式/过去分词，不符合语义。 45 真题溯源训练：第33题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 33.（2022年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第5题）—________ Mary here last night? —No, she ________. A. Is; isn't B. Was; isn't C. Was; wasn't D. Did; didn't 【答案】C 【详解】last night提示一般过去时；here为地点表语，句子需要be动词，不用Did。Mary为单数，问句用Was，否定回答用wasn't。 46 真题溯源训练：第34题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 34.（2022年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第7题）Ms. White ________ the student waiting for one hour. He ________ for her since eight. A. has kept; waited B. kept; waited C. has kept; has been waiting D. has kept; had waited 【答案】C 【详解】for one hour和since eight都表示动作持续到现在。第一空用has kept；第二空强调从八点一直等到现在且可能仍在等待，用has been waiting。 47 真题溯源训练：第35题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 35.（2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第8题）—________ Kate do her homework last night? —No, she ________. A. Did; didn't B. Did; did C. Does; doesn't D. Was; wasn't 【答案】A 【详解】last night提示一般过去时；do her homework中do为实义动词，问句用Did，否定回答用didn't。 48 真题溯源训练：第36题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 36.（2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第12题）—How long ________ you ________ this dictionary? —For about two weeks. A. did, borrow B. have, borrowed C. do, keep D. have, kept 【答案】D 【详解】How long和For about two weeks提示现在完成时；borrow是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，应转换为keep，故用have kept。 49 真题溯源训练：第37题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 37.（2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第2题）When he came back to the room, he ________ and hit his head on the wall. A. slip B. slipped C. was slipped D. slips 【答案】B 【详解】came back和hit共同构成过去动作链，空处应填一般过去式slipped；slip是不及物动词，此处不需要被动语态。 50 真题溯源训练：第38题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 38.（2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第3题）It ________ fine yesterday and there ________ many children in the park. A. was; was B. is; are C. was; were D. is; were 【答案】C 【详解】yesterday提示两个分句都用一般过去时；It作天气主语用was，There be后many children为复数，用were。 51 真题溯源训练：第39题 先按真题完整思考，再点击查看答案与详解 39.（2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第3题）An English speech ________ by Mr. Wang next Monday. A. is given B. gives C. will give D. will be given 【答案】D 【详解】next Monday提示一般将来时；speech与give是被动关系，应用一般将来时被动语态will be given。 52 考向总结 把本专题的高频对应关系带走 • 时间标志仍是首要突破口：yesterday、last night、just now、next Monday、for/since。 • 时态题更常考“形式落实”：Did后原形、be动词单复数、There be就近一致、短暂动词转换。 • 被动语态是常见合考点：物作主语时判断是否承受动作，再把be done放进相应时态。 复习抓手：last night—Did/was；for/since—have done；next—will do/will be done。 53 课堂小结 时态题不靠“感觉像过去/将来”，而靠证据： 先圈时间，再定结构，再看主被动，最后检查延续性。 课后复习：把本专题真题中的时间标志和谓语形式各整理一遍。 54 $