专题7 状语从句与并列连词（讲义）-2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣甘肃省中职升学考试英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第7个专题，内容为状语从句与并列连词。 2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题7 状语从句与并列连词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 即时训练 考点2 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 即时训练 考点3 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 即时训练 考点4 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 即时训练 考点5 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 即时训练 考点6 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 即时训练 题型贯通·能力迁移 04 真题溯源·考向感知 一、历年真题定位：状语从句与并列连词的命题落点 2021—2024年甘肃省中职升学英语单项选择中，连词和状语从句既考从属连词，也考并列连词，还会与介词短语、非谓语目的表达一起辨析。试题句子通常不长，但要求能分清后面接的是句子还是名词短语，能读出前后分句之间的时间、原因、目的、条件或转折关系。 年份 真题考点 一轮复习提示 2021 第4题because of +名词短语，与although、so that、even though后接句子形成对比 先分清连接的是句子还是名词短语，再判断逻辑关系。 2023 第4题or表示“否则”，并列连接两个意思相关的句子 并列连词不只表示并列，还可表示转折、选择、结果和警告条件。 2024 第6题because引导原因状语从句；第11题so that引导目的状语从句 原因和目的都要结合完整句意判断，so that后常有can/could等情态动词。 二、命题预警 状语从句的连词不是靠中文一个词硬套，because后接完整句子，because of后接名词、代词或动名词。 并列连词and、but、or、so连接并列成分或并列分句，前后结构通常平行；从属连词引导从句，从句依附于主句。 主将从现是条件和时间状语从句的常考规则，if、unless、as soon as、when等引导将来意义从句时，从句常用一般现在时。 一、知识主干 状语从句和并列连词都属于连接知识，但连接层级不同。状语从句用从属连词连接主句和从句，从句为主句补充时间、条件、原因、目的、结果或让步等信息；并列连词连接地位相同的词、短语或分句，表达并列、转折、选择、结果或补充原因。复习时应先把每一类连词的意义、后接形式和典型句式讲清楚，再把相近结构放在一起辨析。 知识板块 基础规则 典型场景 易混边界 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 状语从句用一个完整句子说明时间、条件、原因、目的、结果或让步。 阅读句子、理解通知、说明活动安排和解释原因。 状语从句不是短语；because/although/if/when后面通常要有主语和谓语。 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 时间连词说明主句动作发生的时间、先后或持续到何时。 日程安排、操作步骤、到达离开、课堂流程。 while常接延续动作；not...until表示“直到……才”。 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 条件从句说明主句动作能否发生或结果能否成立。 规则要求、建议提醒、活动安排、安全提示。 unless已有否定意义；if表示“是否”时不是条件状语从句。 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 原因解释为什么，目的说明为了什么，结果说明达到什么程度或造成什么后果。 解释迟到、安排活动、说明结果、表达程度。 because不接名词短语；so that接句子；so...that与such...that看中心词。 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 让步从句承认某种事实或假设，但主句结果仍然发生。 困难坚持、计划受阻、观点对比、任务完成。 although/though不能与but连用；while既可表时间也可表对比或让步。 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 并列连词连接地位相同的词、短语或分句，表达并列、转折、选择、结果或补充原因。 通知说明、建议提醒、选择表达、因果表达。 or可表示“否则”；for表示补充原因但不放句首；both...and等结构会影响主谓一致。 二、知识关系 1. 时间状语从句主要讲动作发生的先后和持续，when、while、until、as soon as各有不同侧重。 2. 条件状语从句主要讲条件与结果，if、unless、as long as要结合主将从现和unless的否定意义理解。 3. 原因、目的、结果状语从句都涉及因果链条，但because回答原因，so that表达目的，so/such...that表达结果。 4. 让步状语从句表达“虽然如此，仍然怎样”，不能把although和but叠用。 5. 并列连词连接同等层级的内容，and、but、or、so、for的逻辑关系不同，both...and等固定结构还会影响主谓一致。 考点1 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 考情定位：甘肃真题多把连词放入短句中考查，首先要能区分从句和短语。 一、知识精讲 1. 状语从句是一个完整句子 （1）状语从句本身有主语和谓语，但它不能单独表达完整重点，必须依附主句。Because he was ill, he stayed at home. 中Because he was ill是原因状语从句，he是主语，was是谓语。 （2）零基础学生要先看连词后面是不是句子。because he was ill是从句；because of his illness是介词短语。两者中文都可译为“因为他生病”，但英语结构不同。 （3）状语从句的位置较灵活，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。When the bell rang, the students entered the lab. = The students entered the lab when the bell rang.。 2. 状语从句按意义分类 （1）时间状语从句回答“什么时候”，常用when, while, before, after, until, as soon as。 （2）条件状语从句回答“在什么条件下”，常用if, unless, as long as。 （3）原因、目的、结果、让步分别回答“为什么”“为了什么”“产生什么结果”“虽然怎样仍然怎样”，对应because, so that, so...that, although等。 3. 主句和从句的标点与顺序 （1）从句放句首时，后面常用逗号与主句隔开。If it rains tomorrow, we will stay in the classroom.。 （2）从句放句末时，一般不需要逗号。We will stay in the classroom if it rains tomorrow.。 （3）考试中不要只看空格前后一个词，要读完整主句和从句，明确从句为主句补充哪一种信息。 4. 状语从句与短语表达的转换 （1）一些意思既能用从句表达，也能用短语表达。because it rained = because of the rain；so that he could catch the bus = to catch the bus。 （2）转换时不能只换连词，还要改变后面形式：句子变成名词短语或动词不定式。 （3）讲义训练中若空后是完整句子，优先考虑从属连词；若空后是名词、代词或doing，优先考虑介词短语。 类别 回答的问题 常见连词 例句 时间 什么时候 when/while/as soon as Call me when you arrive. 条件 在什么条件下 if/unless If you practice, you will improve. 原因 为什么 because/since/as He stayed home because he was ill. 目的 为了什么 so that/in order that Speak clearly so that we can hear you. 二、即时训练 1. ________ he finished the report, he sent it to the office. A. After B. Because of C. In order to D. Despite 【答案】A 【解析】空后he finished the report是完整句子，表示时间先后，用After引导时间状语从句。 2. The class stayed quiet ________ the teacher was explaining the rule. A. because of B. while C. despite D. in order to 【答案】B 【解析】空后是完整句子，且表示老师讲解期间，用while。 3. He could not join the activity ________ his illness. A. because B. because of C. when D. so that 【答案】B 【解析】his illness是名词短语，用because of，不用because。 4. The worker checked the list again ________ he could avoid mistakes. A. so that B. because of C. despite D. before 【答案】A 【解析】空后he could avoid mistakes是完整句子，表示目的，用so that。 5. ________ you need help, call the service desk. A. If B. Because of C. In order to D. During 【答案】A 【解析】从句说明主句动作成立的条件，用If。 考点2 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 考情定位：时间状语从句常与将来安排结合，主将从现是基础规则。 一、知识精讲 1. when：某个时间点或时间段 （1）when表示“当……时候”，既可接短暂动作，也可接延续动作。When the teacher came in, we stopped talking. came in是短暂动作。 （2）when引导的从句可表示主句动作发生的时间背景。I was taking notes when the engineer explained the machine.。 （3）表达将来安排时，when从句通常用一般现在时。I will call you when I arrive. 不写when I will arrive。 2. while：一段时间内正在发生 （1）while强调“在……期间”，后面常接延续性动作或进行时。While I was waiting for the bus, I read the notice.。 （2）while还可连接两个同时进行的动作。Some students were cleaning the room while others were moving the desks.。 （3）若从句动作是瞬间发生，如arrive、come in，通常不用while表示“当……时候”，更常用when。 3. before和after：动作先后 （1）before表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。Please check your tools before you leave the workshop.。 （2）after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。After he locked the door, he went home.。 （3）before/after后既可接完整句子，也可接doing。After finishing the task, she wrote a short report.。 4. until和not...until （1）until表示“直到……为止”，主句动作通常持续到从句动作发生。Wait until the light turns green.。 （2）not...until表示“直到……才……”，主句动作在从句动作发生后才开始。He did not leave until the meeting ended.。 （3）until本身不等于“才”，必须和not连用才表示“直到……才”。 5. as soon as：一……就…… （1）as soon as表示两个动作紧接发生。I will tell you as soon as I get the result.。 （2）主句表示将来时，as soon as从句用一般现在时表示将来意义。 （3）这个结构常出现在通知和安排中，强调动作之间没有明显间隔。 连词 核心用法 例句 易错点 when 时间点/时间段 Call me when you arrive. 将来意义从句不用will while 一段时间内 She read while she waited. 常接延续动作 until 直到……为止 Wait until the door opens. not until才表示“才” as soon as 一……就…… I will reply as soon as I can. 主将从现 二、即时训练 6. I will return the book as soon as I ________ reading it. A. finish B. will finish C. finished D. am finished 【答案】A 【解析】as soon as引导时间状语从句，主句表示将来，从句用一般现在时。 7. The students were discussing the plan ________ the teacher entered the room. A. while B. when C. because of D. so that 【答案】B 【解析】entered是短暂动作，表示“当老师进来时”，用when。 8. Please wash your hands ________ you have lunch. A. before B. after C. because D. though 【答案】A 【解析】吃午饭前洗手，用before。 9. The boy did not go home ________ the rain stopped. A. while B. until C. as D. because 【答案】B 【解析】not...until表示“直到……才……”。 10. She listened to music ________ she was drawing a poster. A. until B. before C. while D. unless 【答案】C 【解析】was drawing表示延续动作，用while表示“在……期间”。 考点3 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 考情定位：条件句常与will、祈使句和安全规则结合。 一、知识精讲 1. if：如果 （1）if引导条件状语从句，表示主句动作发生的条件。If you wear the uniform, you can enter the training room.。 （2）条件句可放前也可放后。If you need help, ask the teacher. = Ask the teacher if you need help.。 （3）if从句表达将来条件时，一般不用will，而用一般现在时。If he comes tomorrow, we will start early.。 2. unless：除非；如果不 （1）unless相当于if...not。Unless you hurry, you will miss the train. = If you don't hurry, you will miss the train.。 （2）unless本身含否定意义，句中不要再随意加not造成双重否定。 （3）unless常用于规则和提醒，如You cannot use the machine unless the teacher is there.。 3. as long as：只要 （1）as long as表示“只要”，强调满足某个条件即可。You can borrow the book as long as you return it on time.。 （2）as long as语气比if更强调“条件足够”。As long as you practice every day, you will make progress.。 （3）它引导条件状语从句时，也遵循主将从现。 4. if的两种身份 （1）if引导条件状语从句时，意思是“如果”，主句常有will/can/祈使句。If it rains, we will stay inside.。 （2）if引导宾语从句时，意思是“是否”，作know、ask、wonder等动词的宾语。I don't know if he will come.。 （3）宾语从句中的if不遵循主将从现，因为它表达的是“是否会发生”这一内容。 连词 意义 例句 注意 if 如果 If you try, you will learn it. 条件句主将从现 unless 除非/如果不 Unless you practice, you can't improve. 本身含否定 as long as 只要 You may go as long as you return early. 强调条件足够 if宾语从句 是否 I wonder if he will join us. 不按主将从现处理 二、即时训练 11. If the machine ________ wrong, stop it at once. A. goes B. will go C. went D. going 【答案】A 【解析】if引导条件状语从句，表示将来可能情况时用一般现在时。 12. You won't pass the test ________ you review the notes carefully. A. if B. unless C. because D. when 【答案】B 【解析】句意为“不认真复习就不能通过”，用unless表示“除非”。 13. You can use my dictionary ________ you keep it clean. A. as long as B. because of C. even though D. before 【答案】A 【解析】只要保持干净就可以用，用as long as。 14. I don't know if Mr. Green ________ to our school tomorrow. A. comes B. will come C. came D. coming 【答案】B 【解析】这里if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，不是条件状语从句，可用will come。 15. ________ you are careful enough, you will find the small mistake. A. If B. Because of C. Although D. Until 【答案】A 【解析】从句说明发现错误的条件，用If。 考点4 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 考情定位：2021、2024年真题已直接考查because/because of和so that。 一、知识精讲 1. because、since、as：说明原因 （1）because语气最强，常回答why，直接说明主句原因。The children were excited because they were preparing for the New Year.。 （2）since表示“既然”，原因往往是双方已知事实。Since everyone is here, let's begin.。 （3）as表示原因时语气较弱，常放句首。As it was late, we went back to school.。 2. because与because of （1）because是连词，后接完整句子。I was late because the bus broke down.。 （2）because of是介词短语，后接名词、代词或doing。I was late because of the heavy traffic.。 （3）可互相转换：because it rained heavily = because of the heavy rain。转换时后面形式必须改变。 3. so that与in order that：目的 （1）so that表示“以便；为了”，后接完整句子，从句中常有can/could/may/might。He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.。 （2）in order that比so that正式，也接完整句子。In order that we might arrive on time, we started early.。 （3）to do/in order to do表示目的时后接动词原形，不是从句。He started early to arrive on time.。 4. so...that与such...that：结果 （1）so +形容词/副词 + that表示“如此……以至于……”。The lesson was so useful that everyone took notes.。 （2）such +名词短语 + that表示“如此……的……以至于……”。It was such a useful lesson that everyone took notes.。 （3）so many/few +可数名词复数、so much/little +不可数名词也可接that从句。There were so many people that we waited outside.。 结构 后接形式 例句 易错点 because 完整句子 I stayed because it rained. 不直接接名词 because of 名词/代词/doing I stayed because of the rain. 不接完整句子 so that 完整句子 Speak loudly so that we can hear. 常有can/could such...that 名词短语+that It was such a good class that we liked it. 中心是名词 二、即时训练 16. The girl was absent ________ she had a fever. A. because B. because of C. so that D. despite 【答案】A 【解析】空后she had a fever是完整句子，表示原因，用because。 17. We changed the plan ________ the bad weather. A. because B. because of C. so that D. if 【答案】B 【解析】the bad weather是名词短语，用because of。 18. The teacher wrote the words on the board ________ we could copy them clearly. A. so that B. in order to C. because of D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】空后we could copy them clearly是完整句子，表示目的，用so that。 19. The room was ________ noisy that we could not hear the speaker. A. such B. so C. very D. too 【答案】B 【解析】so +形容词noisy + that表示结果。 20. It was ________ important notice that everyone read it twice. A. so B. such an C. such D. so an 【答案】B 【解析】notice为可数单数名词，结构为such an important notice that。 考点5 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 考情定位：让步关系常用于阅读长句和单项选择中的转折表达。 一、知识精讲 1. although与though （1）although和though都表示“虽然；尽管”。Although the work was hard, they finished it.。 （2）although较正式，though更常用于口语和句末。Hard though it was, they finished it. 这种倒装结构识别即可。 （3）英语中although/though引导从句后，主句一般不再用but。可用still/yet加强语气。 2. even if与even though （1）even though多表示事实让步：Even though he was tired, he kept working.。 （2）even if多表示假设让步：Even if it rains tomorrow, the meeting will continue.。 （3）两者语气都比although强，强调主句动作不受从句情况影响。 3. while的三种常见意义 （1）while表示时间：While I was waiting, I read the poster.。 （2）while表示对比：Some students prefer reading, while others like sports.。 （3）while表示让步：While the plan is simple, it is useful.。判断时要看前后分句的关系。 4. no matter +疑问词 （1）no matter what/who/where/how表示“无论什么/谁/哪里/怎样”，引导让步状语从句。No matter how busy he is, he reads every day.。 （2）whatever、whoever、wherever、however也可表达类似意义。Wherever you go, remember your family.。 （3）however作让步连词时后常接形容词或副词：However difficult the task is, we should try.。 连词 意义 例句 注意 although/though 虽然 Although it was late, he stayed. 不与but连用 even if 即使 Even if it snows, we will go. 多表假设 while 当/而/虽然 While he is young, he is careful. 看句意 no matter how 无论多么 No matter how hard it is, keep trying. how后接形容词/副词 二、即时训练 21. ________ the road was busy, the driver arrived on time. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Until 【答案】A 【解析】前后为让步关系，表示虽然道路拥堵仍按时到达。 22. Though the work was tiring, ________ they enjoyed it. A. but B. so C. / D. or 【答案】C 【解析】though引导让步从句，主句前不再用but。 23. ________ it is cold tomorrow, the volunteers will visit the old people. A. Even if B. Because of C. So that D. Before 【答案】A 【解析】即使明天冷，志愿者仍会去看望老人，用Even if。 24. Some students learn by reading, ________ others learn by listening. A. while B. because C. until D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】前后是对比关系，用while表示“而”。 25. No matter ________ difficult the task is, we should finish it carefully. A. what B. how C. where D. who 【答案】B 【解析】how修饰形容词difficult，no matter how表示“无论多么”。 考点6 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 考情定位：2023年第4题考查or表示“否则”，并列连词是基础必考点。 一、知识精讲 1. and：并列、顺承和条件结果 （1）and连接同类内容。The room is clean and bright. clean和bright都是形容词。 （2）and连接连续动作。He opened the door and walked into the room.。 （3）祈使句 + and +陈述句可表示“做某事，那么就会……”。Work hard, and you will make progress.。 2. but：转折 （1）but表示前后意思相反或结果出乎预料。The box was small, but it was heavy.。 （2）but后面通常是表达重点。I wanted to join them, but I had to finish my report.。 （3）although/though已经表示让步时，不再用but连接同一主句。 3. or：选择和否则 （1）or表示“或者”，连接两个选择项。You may call me or send me a message.。 （2）祈使句 + or +陈述句表示“否则”。Be quick, or we will miss the bus.。 （3）either...or...连接主语时，谓语遵循就近一致。Either you or he is right.。 4. so与for：结果和原因 （1）so表示结果。It was late, so we went home.。 （2）for表示补充说明原因，语气较正式，通常不放句首。He must be at home, for the light is on.。 （3）because和so一般不同时连接同一组因果关系。Because it rained, we stayed inside. / It rained, so we stayed inside.。 5. both...and、not only...but also、either...or、neither...nor （1）both...and...表示“两者都”，连接主语时谓语通常用复数。Both Tom and Jack are ready.。 （2）not only...but also...表示“不但……而且……”，连接主语时多遵循就近一致。 （3）neither...nor...表示“两者都不”，连接主语时也遵循就近一致。 连词/结构 意义 例句 注意 and 和/并且/那么 Try again, and you will succeed. 前后结构平行 but 但是 It was hard, but we finished it. 不与although连用 or 或者/否则 Be careful, or you may fall. 祈使句后表否则 for 因为 He is tired, for he worked all day. 不放句首 二、即时训练 26. Read the instructions carefully, ________ you will know how to use the tool. A. and B. but C. because D. although 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句 + and +陈述句表示“那么就会”。 27. The idea sounded simple, ________ it solved a big problem. A. or B. but C. so D. for 【答案】B 【解析】前后有转折意味，用but。 28. You can write the answer in English ________ in Chinese. A. so B. but C. or D. for 【答案】C 【解析】English和Chinese是两个选择项，用or。 29. The window is open, ________ there is fresh air in the room. A. so B. for C. but D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】前句是原因，后句是结果，用so。 30. Both the teacher and the students ________ pleased with the result. A. is B. are C. was D. be 【答案】B 【解析】both...and连接主语表示两者都，谓语用复数are。 题型贯通·能力迁移 一、单项选择 31. Work carefully, ________ you will make fewer mistakes in the form. A. and B. but C. because D. although 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句后用and表示“那么就会”。 32. The bus was full, ________ we waited for the next one. A. because B. so C. unless D. while 【答案】B 【解析】前句是原因，后句是结果，用so。 33. I will check the message when the manager ________ back. A. comes B. will come C. came D. has come 【答案】A 【解析】when引导时间状语从句，主句将来意义，从句用一般现在时。 34. The students practiced again and again ________ they could perform well. A. so that B. because of C. unless D. before 【答案】A 【解析】空后是完整句子，表示目的，用so that。 35. ________ he is only sixteen, he can repair the small machine by himself. A. If B. Although C. Because D. Until 【答案】B 【解析】前后为让步关系，用Although。 二、语境填空 36. Fill in the blank: We won't start the trip ________ everyone arrives. 【答案】until 【解析】句意为“直到所有人到达才出发”，用until。 37. Fill in the blank: The road was closed ________ the heavy rain. 【答案】because of 【解析】后接名词短语the heavy rain，用because of。 38. Fill in the blank: Put on your coat, ________ you may catch a cold. 【答案】or 【解析】祈使句后or表示“否则”。 39. Fill in the blank: ________ the lesson was short, it was very useful. 【答案】Although / Though 【解析】前后存在让步关系。 40. Fill in the blank: I will return the book as soon as I ________ (finish) reading it. 【答案】finish 【解析】as soon as引导时间状语从句，主句将来意义，从句用一般现在时。 三、句型转换与改错 41. Rewrite: He was late because it snowed heavily. = He was late ________ the heavy snow. 【答案】because of 【解析】because +句子可转换为because of +名词短语。 42. Correction: Although the training was hard, but we enjoyed it. 【答案】删去but 【解析】although不与but连用。 43. Complete: 他们早到教室，以便能打扫黑板。They came to the classroom early ________ they could clean the blackboard. 【答案】so that 【解析】后接完整句子并表示目的，用so that。 44. Correction: If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay inside. 【答案】will rain改为rains 【解析】条件状语从句表达将来意义时，从句用一般现在时。 45. Complete: 快点，否则你会错过面试。Be quick, ________ you will miss the interview. 【答案】or 【解析】祈使句 + or +陈述句表示“否则”。 一、真题溯源·考向感知 （2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第4题） 46. It is difficult to get a taxi ________ the rain. A. although B. so that C. even though D. because of 【答案】D 【解析】the rain是名词短语，表示原因要用because of；although、so that、even though后通常接完整句子。 （2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第4题） 47. My dear boy, be quick! ________ we will miss the early bus. A. But B. Or C. And D. Unless 【答案】B 【解析】祈使句后or表示“否则”，句意为“快点，否则我们会错过早班车”。 （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第6题） 48. The children were very excited these days ________ they were preparing for the New Year. A. because B. if C. when D. so 【答案】A 【解析】后句说明孩子们兴奋的原因，且they were preparing...是完整句子，用because。 （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第11题） 49. He gets up early ________ he can catch the first bus to company. A. so that B. in order to C. what D. which 【答案】A 【解析】空后he can catch...是完整句子，表示目的，用so that；in order to后应接动词原形。 二、考向总结 状语从句和并列连词的复习重点是意义与形式同时判断：先理解前后关系，再核对后面接句子、名词还是动词原形。 甘肃真题常把because/because of、so that/in order to、and/but/or/so放在同一组中考查，零基础学生要把例句背熟，再迁移到新语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣甘肃省中职升学考试英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第7个专题，内容为状语从句与并列连词。 2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题7 状语从句与并列连词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 即时训练 考点2 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 即时训练 考点3 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 即时训练 考点4 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 即时训练 考点5 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 即时训练 考点6 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 即时训练 题型贯通·能力迁移 04 真题溯源·考向感知 一、历年真题定位：状语从句与并列连词的命题落点 2021—2024年甘肃省中职升学英语单项选择中，连词和状语从句既考从属连词，也考并列连词，还会与介词短语、非谓语目的表达一起辨析。试题句子通常不长，但要求能分清后面接的是句子还是名词短语，能读出前后分句之间的时间、原因、目的、条件或转折关系。 年份 真题考点 一轮复习提示 2021 第4题because of +名词短语，与although、so that、even though后接句子形成对比 先分清连接的是句子还是名词短语，再判断逻辑关系。 2023 第4题or表示“否则”，并列连接两个意思相关的句子 并列连词不只表示并列，还可表示转折、选择、结果和警告条件。 2024 第6题because引导原因状语从句；第11题so that引导目的状语从句 原因和目的都要结合完整句意判断，so that后常有can/could等情态动词。 二、命题预警 状语从句的连词不是靠中文一个词硬套，because后接完整句子，because of后接名词、代词或动名词。 并列连词and、but、or、so连接并列成分或并列分句，前后结构通常平行；从属连词引导从句，从句依附于主句。 主将从现是条件和时间状语从句的常考规则，if、unless、as soon as、when等引导将来意义从句时，从句常用一般现在时。 一、知识主干 状语从句和并列连词都属于连接知识，但连接层级不同。状语从句用从属连词连接主句和从句，从句为主句补充时间、条件、原因、目的、结果或让步等信息；并列连词连接地位相同的词、短语或分句，表达并列、转折、选择、结果或补充原因。复习时应先把每一类连词的意义、后接形式和典型句式讲清楚，再把相近结构放在一起辨析。 知识板块 基础规则 典型场景 易混边界 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 状语从句用一个完整句子说明时间、条件、原因、目的、结果或让步。 阅读句子、理解通知、说明活动安排和解释原因。 状语从句不是短语；because/although/if/when后面通常要有主语和谓语。 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 时间连词说明主句动作发生的时间、先后或持续到何时。 日程安排、操作步骤、到达离开、课堂流程。 while常接延续动作；not...until表示“直到……才”。 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 条件从句说明主句动作能否发生或结果能否成立。 规则要求、建议提醒、活动安排、安全提示。 unless已有否定意义；if表示“是否”时不是条件状语从句。 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 原因解释为什么，目的说明为了什么，结果说明达到什么程度或造成什么后果。 解释迟到、安排活动、说明结果、表达程度。 because不接名词短语；so that接句子；so...that与such...that看中心词。 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 让步从句承认某种事实或假设，但主句结果仍然发生。 困难坚持、计划受阻、观点对比、任务完成。 although/though不能与but连用；while既可表时间也可表对比或让步。 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 并列连词连接地位相同的词、短语或分句，表达并列、转折、选择、结果或补充原因。 通知说明、建议提醒、选择表达、因果表达。 or可表示“否则”；for表示补充原因但不放句首；both...and等结构会影响主谓一致。 二、知识关系 1. 时间状语从句主要讲动作发生的先后和持续，when、while、until、as soon as各有不同侧重。 2. 条件状语从句主要讲条件与结果，if、unless、as long as要结合主将从现和unless的否定意义理解。 3. 原因、目的、结果状语从句都涉及因果链条，但because回答原因，so that表达目的，so/such...that表达结果。 4. 让步状语从句表达“虽然如此，仍然怎样”，不能把although和but叠用。 5. 并列连词连接同等层级的内容，and、but、or、so、for的逻辑关系不同，both...and等固定结构还会影响主谓一致。 考点1 状语从句概述：从句说明主句动作的背景 考情定位：甘肃真题多把连词放入短句中考查，首先要能区分从句和短语。 一、知识精讲 1. 状语从句是一个完整句子 （1）状语从句本身有主语和谓语，但它不能单独表达完整重点，必须依附主句。Because he was ill, he stayed at home. 中Because he was ill是原因状语从句，he是主语，was是谓语。 （2）零基础学生要先看连词后面是不是句子。because he was ill是从句；because of his illness是介词短语。两者中文都可译为“因为他生病”，但英语结构不同。 （3）状语从句的位置较灵活，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。When the bell rang, the students entered the lab. = The students entered the lab when the bell rang.。 2. 状语从句按意义分类 （1）时间状语从句回答“什么时候”，常用when, while, before, after, until, as soon as。 （2）条件状语从句回答“在什么条件下”，常用if, unless, as long as。 （3）原因、目的、结果、让步分别回答“为什么”“为了什么”“产生什么结果”“虽然怎样仍然怎样”，对应because, so that, so...that, although等。 3. 主句和从句的标点与顺序 （1）从句放句首时，后面常用逗号与主句隔开。If it rains tomorrow, we will stay in the classroom.。 （2）从句放句末时，一般不需要逗号。We will stay in the classroom if it rains tomorrow.。 （3）考试中不要只看空格前后一个词，要读完整主句和从句，明确从句为主句补充哪一种信息。 4. 状语从句与短语表达的转换 （1）一些意思既能用从句表达，也能用短语表达。because it rained = because of the rain；so that he could catch the bus = to catch the bus。 （2）转换时不能只换连词，还要改变后面形式：句子变成名词短语或动词不定式。 （3）讲义训练中若空后是完整句子，优先考虑从属连词；若空后是名词、代词或doing，优先考虑介词短语。 类别 回答的问题 常见连词 例句 时间 什么时候 when/while/as soon as Call me when you arrive. 条件 在什么条件下 if/unless If you practice, you will improve. 原因 为什么 because/since/as He stayed home because he was ill. 目的 为了什么 so that/in order that Speak clearly so that we can hear you. 二、即时训练 1. ________ he finished the report, he sent it to the office. A. After B. Because of C. In order to D. Despite 2. The class stayed quiet ________ the teacher was explaining the rule. A. because of B. while C. despite D. in order to 3. He could not join the activity ________ his illness. A. because B. because of C. when D. so that 4. The worker checked the list again ________ he could avoid mistakes. A. so that B. because of C. despite D. before 5. ________ you need help, call the service desk. A. If B. Because of C. In order to D. During 考点2 时间状语从句：when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 考情定位：时间状语从句常与将来安排结合，主将从现是基础规则。 一、知识精讲 1. when：某个时间点或时间段 （1）when表示“当……时候”，既可接短暂动作，也可接延续动作。When the teacher came in, we stopped talking. came in是短暂动作。 （2）when引导的从句可表示主句动作发生的时间背景。I was taking notes when the engineer explained the machine.。 （3）表达将来安排时，when从句通常用一般现在时。I will call you when I arrive. 不写when I will arrive。 2. while：一段时间内正在发生 （1）while强调“在……期间”，后面常接延续性动作或进行时。While I was waiting for the bus, I read the notice.。 （2）while还可连接两个同时进行的动作。Some students were cleaning the room while others were moving the desks.。 （3）若从句动作是瞬间发生，如arrive、come in，通常不用while表示“当……时候”，更常用when。 3. before和after：动作先后 （1）before表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。Please check your tools before you leave the workshop.。 （2）after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。After he locked the door, he went home.。 （3）before/after后既可接完整句子，也可接doing。After finishing the task, she wrote a short report.。 4. until和not...until （1）until表示“直到……为止”，主句动作通常持续到从句动作发生。Wait until the light turns green.。 （2）not...until表示“直到……才……”，主句动作在从句动作发生后才开始。He did not leave until the meeting ended.。 （3）until本身不等于“才”，必须和not连用才表示“直到……才”。 5. as soon as：一……就…… （1）as soon as表示两个动作紧接发生。I will tell you as soon as I get the result.。 （2）主句表示将来时，as soon as从句用一般现在时表示将来意义。 （3）这个结构常出现在通知和安排中，强调动作之间没有明显间隔。 连词 核心用法 例句 易错点 when 时间点/时间段 Call me when you arrive. 将来意义从句不用will while 一段时间内 She read while she waited. 常接延续动作 until 直到……为止 Wait until the door opens. not until才表示“才” as soon as 一……就…… I will reply as soon as I can. 主将从现 二、即时训练 6. I will return the book as soon as I ________ reading it. A. finish B. will finish C. finished D. am finished 7. The students were discussing the plan ________ the teacher entered the room. A. while B. when C. because of D. so that 8. Please wash your hands ________ you have lunch. A. before B. after C. because D. though 9. The boy did not go home ________ the rain stopped. A. while B. until C. as D. because 10. She listened to music ________ she was drawing a poster. A. until B. before C. while D. unless 考点3 条件状语从句：if、unless、as long as与主将从现 考情定位：条件句常与will、祈使句和安全规则结合。 一、知识精讲 1. if：如果 （1）if引导条件状语从句，表示主句动作发生的条件。If you wear the uniform, you can enter the training room.。 （2）条件句可放前也可放后。If you need help, ask the teacher. = Ask the teacher if you need help.。 （3）if从句表达将来条件时，一般不用will，而用一般现在时。If he comes tomorrow, we will start early.。 2. unless：除非；如果不 （1）unless相当于if...not。Unless you hurry, you will miss the train. = If you don't hurry, you will miss the train.。 （2）unless本身含否定意义，句中不要再随意加not造成双重否定。 （3）unless常用于规则和提醒，如You cannot use the machine unless the teacher is there.。 3. as long as：只要 （1）as long as表示“只要”，强调满足某个条件即可。You can borrow the book as long as you return it on time.。 （2）as long as语气比if更强调“条件足够”。As long as you practice every day, you will make progress.。 （3）它引导条件状语从句时，也遵循主将从现。 4. if的两种身份 （1）if引导条件状语从句时，意思是“如果”，主句常有will/can/祈使句。If it rains, we will stay inside.。 （2）if引导宾语从句时，意思是“是否”，作know、ask、wonder等动词的宾语。I don't know if he will come.。 （3）宾语从句中的if不遵循主将从现，因为它表达的是“是否会发生”这一内容。 连词 意义 例句 注意 if 如果 If you try, you will learn it. 条件句主将从现 unless 除非/如果不 Unless you practice, you can't improve. 本身含否定 as long as 只要 You may go as long as you return early. 强调条件足够 if宾语从句 是否 I wonder if he will join us. 不按主将从现处理 二、即时训练 11. If the machine ________ wrong, stop it at once. A. goes B. will go C. went D. going 12. You won't pass the test ________ you review the notes carefully. A. if B. unless C. because D. when 13. You can use my dictionary ________ you keep it clean. A. as long as B. because of C. even though D. before 14. I don't know if Mr. Green ________ to our school tomorrow. A. comes B. will come C. came D. coming 15. ________ you are careful enough, you will find the small mistake. A. If B. Because of C. Although D. Until 考点4 原因、目的与结果状语从句：because、so that、so/such...that 考情定位：2021、2024年真题已直接考查because/because of和so that。 一、知识精讲 1. because、since、as：说明原因 （1）because语气最强，常回答why，直接说明主句原因。The children were excited because they were preparing for the New Year.。 （2）since表示“既然”，原因往往是双方已知事实。Since everyone is here, let's begin.。 （3）as表示原因时语气较弱，常放句首。As it was late, we went back to school.。 2. because与because of （1）because是连词，后接完整句子。I was late because the bus broke down.。 （2）because of是介词短语，后接名词、代词或doing。I was late because of the heavy traffic.。 （3）可互相转换：because it rained heavily = because of the heavy rain。转换时后面形式必须改变。 3. so that与in order that：目的 （1）so that表示“以便；为了”，后接完整句子，从句中常有can/could/may/might。He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.。 （2）in order that比so that正式，也接完整句子。In order that we might arrive on time, we started early.。 （3）to do/in order to do表示目的时后接动词原形，不是从句。He started early to arrive on time.。 4. so...that与such...that：结果 （1）so +形容词/副词 + that表示“如此……以至于……”。The lesson was so useful that everyone took notes.。 （2）such +名词短语 + that表示“如此……的……以至于……”。It was such a useful lesson that everyone took notes.。 （3）so many/few +可数名词复数、so much/little +不可数名词也可接that从句。There were so many people that we waited outside.。 结构 后接形式 例句 易错点 because 完整句子 I stayed because it rained. 不直接接名词 because of 名词/代词/doing I stayed because of the rain. 不接完整句子 so that 完整句子 Speak loudly so that we can hear. 常有can/could such...that 名词短语+that It was such a good class that we liked it. 中心是名词 二、即时训练 16. The girl was absent ________ she had a fever. A. because B. because of C. so that D. despite 17. We changed the plan ________ the bad weather. A. because B. because of C. so that D. if 18. The teacher wrote the words on the board ________ we could copy them clearly. A. so that B. in order to C. because of D. unless 19. The room was ________ noisy that we could not hear the speaker. A. such B. so C. very D. too 20. It was ________ important notice that everyone read it twice. A. so B. such an C. such D. so an 考点5 让步状语从句：although、though、even if、while、no matter 考情定位：让步关系常用于阅读长句和单项选择中的转折表达。 一、知识精讲 1. although与though （1）although和though都表示“虽然；尽管”。Although the work was hard, they finished it.。 （2）although较正式，though更常用于口语和句末。Hard though it was, they finished it. 这种倒装结构识别即可。 （3）英语中although/though引导从句后，主句一般不再用but。可用still/yet加强语气。 2. even if与even though （1）even though多表示事实让步：Even though he was tired, he kept working.。 （2）even if多表示假设让步：Even if it rains tomorrow, the meeting will continue.。 （3）两者语气都比although强，强调主句动作不受从句情况影响。 3. while的三种常见意义 （1）while表示时间：While I was waiting, I read the poster.。 （2）while表示对比：Some students prefer reading, while others like sports.。 （3）while表示让步：While the plan is simple, it is useful.。判断时要看前后分句的关系。 4. no matter +疑问词 （1）no matter what/who/where/how表示“无论什么/谁/哪里/怎样”，引导让步状语从句。No matter how busy he is, he reads every day.。 （2）whatever、whoever、wherever、however也可表达类似意义。Wherever you go, remember your family.。 （3）however作让步连词时后常接形容词或副词：However difficult the task is, we should try.。 连词 意义 例句 注意 although/though 虽然 Although it was late, he stayed. 不与but连用 even if 即使 Even if it snows, we will go. 多表假设 while 当/而/虽然 While he is young, he is careful. 看句意 no matter how 无论多么 No matter how hard it is, keep trying. how后接形容词/副词 二、即时训练 21. ________ the road was busy, the driver arrived on time. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Until 22. Though the work was tiring, ________ they enjoyed it. A. but B. so C. / D. or 23. ________ it is cold tomorrow, the volunteers will visit the old people. A. Even if B. Because of C. So that D. Before 24. Some students learn by reading, ________ others learn by listening. A. while B. because C. until D. unless 25. No matter ________ difficult the task is, we should finish it carefully. A. what B. how C. where D. who 考点6 并列连词：and、but、or、so、for及固定并列结构 考情定位：2023年第4题考查or表示“否则”，并列连词是基础必考点。 一、知识精讲 1. and：并列、顺承和条件结果 （1）and连接同类内容。The room is clean and bright. clean和bright都是形容词。 （2）and连接连续动作。He opened the door and walked into the room.。 （3）祈使句 + and +陈述句可表示“做某事，那么就会……”。Work hard, and you will make progress.。 2. but：转折 （1）but表示前后意思相反或结果出乎预料。The box was small, but it was heavy.。 （2）but后面通常是表达重点。I wanted to join them, but I had to finish my report.。 （3）although/though已经表示让步时，不再用but连接同一主句。 3. or：选择和否则 （1）or表示“或者”，连接两个选择项。You may call me or send me a message.。 （2）祈使句 + or +陈述句表示“否则”。Be quick, or we will miss the bus.。 （3）either...or...连接主语时，谓语遵循就近一致。Either you or he is right.。 4. so与for：结果和原因 （1）so表示结果。It was late, so we went home.。 （2）for表示补充说明原因，语气较正式，通常不放句首。He must be at home, for the light is on.。 （3）because和so一般不同时连接同一组因果关系。Because it rained, we stayed inside. / It rained, so we stayed inside.。 5. both...and、not only...but also、either...or、neither...nor （1）both...and...表示“两者都”，连接主语时谓语通常用复数。Both Tom and Jack are ready.。 （2）not only...but also...表示“不但……而且……”，连接主语时多遵循就近一致。 （3）neither...nor...表示“两者都不”，连接主语时也遵循就近一致。 连词/结构 意义 例句 注意 and 和/并且/那么 Try again, and you will succeed. 前后结构平行 but 但是 It was hard, but we finished it. 不与although连用 or 或者/否则 Be careful, or you may fall. 祈使句后表否则 for 因为 He is tired, for he worked all day. 不放句首 二、即时训练 26. Read the instructions carefully, ________ you will know how to use the tool. A. and B. but C. because D. although 27. The idea sounded simple, ________ it solved a big problem. A. or B. but C. so D. for 28. You can write the answer in English ________ in Chinese. A. so B. but C. or D. for 29. The window is open, ________ there is fresh air in the room. A. so B. for C. but D. unless 30. Both the teacher and the students ________ pleased with the result. A. is B. are C. was D. be 题型贯通·能力迁移 一、单项选择 31. Work carefully, ________ you will make fewer mistakes in the form. A. and B. but C. because D. although 32. The bus was full, ________ we waited for the next one. A. because B. so C. unless D. while 33. I will check the message when the manager ________ back. A. comes B. will come C. came D. has come 34. The students practiced again and again ________ they could perform well. A. so that B. because of C. unless D. before 35. ________ he is only sixteen, he can repair the small machine by himself. A. If B. Although C. Because D. Until 二、语境填空 36. Fill in the blank: We won't start the trip ________ everyone arrives. 37. Fill in the blank: The road was closed ________ the heavy rain. 38. Fill in the blank: Put on your coat, ________ you may catch a cold. 39. Fill in the blank: ________ the lesson was short, it was very useful. 40. Fill in the blank: I will return the book as soon as I ________ (finish) reading it. 三、句型转换与改错 41. Rewrite: He was late because it snowed heavily. = He was late ________ the heavy snow. 42. Correction: Although the training was hard, but we enjoyed it. 43. Complete: 他们早到教室，以便能打扫黑板。They came to the classroom early ________ they could clean the blackboard. 44. Correction: If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay inside. 45. Complete: 快点，否则你会错过面试。Be quick, ________ you will miss the interview. 一、真题溯源·考向感知 （2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第4题） 46. It is difficult to get a taxi ________ the rain. A. although B. so that C. even though D. because of （2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第4题） 47. My dear boy, be quick! ________ we will miss the early bus. A. But B. Or C. And D. Unless （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第6题） 48. The children were very excited these days ________ they were preparing for the New Year. A. because B. if C. when D. so （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第11题） 49. He gets up early ________ he can catch the first bus to company. A. so that B. in order to C. what D. which 二、考向总结 状语从句和并列连词的复习重点是意义与形式同时判断：先理解前后关系，再核对后面接句子、名词还是动词原形。 甘肃真题常把because/because of、so that/in order to、and/but/or/so放在同一组中考查，零基础学生要把例句背熟，再迁移到新语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $