专题06 定语从句（讲义）-2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣甘肃省中职升学考试英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第6个专题，内容为定语从句。 2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题06 定语从句 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 定语从句的概念 即时训练 考点2 定语从句的分类 即时训练 考点3 关系词的用法 即时训练 题型贯通·能力迁移 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 甘肃省2021—2024年中职升学考试真题统计 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 关系代词 who/that/which/whose 考查关系代词在定语从句中的选用，四年中三年设题，覆盖三种典型用法：①that/which指物作主语； ②who指人作主语； ③whose表所属关系。 4道题均为限制性定语从句，先行词均为名词，关系词在从句中作主语或定语，尚未出现介词+关系代词、非限制性定语从句等较复杂考法。 （5） （5） （9） 关系副词 where/when/why 考查关系副词在定语从句中作状语的用法，四年仅设1题：where作地点状语。when作时间状语和why作原因状语四年未直接设题，但与where一同属于关系副词作状语的基础知识，需作为必知内容掌握。 （11） 定语从句是甘肃省中职升学考试英语单项选择题中的常规考点，四年累计直接设题4道。命题覆盖了定语从句的两大核心类别： 一是关系代词（who/that/which/whose）的选用，考查关系词在从句中所作的成分（主语/定语）以及先行词指人/指物的区分，三年中涉及了that/which指物作主语、who指人作主语和whose表所属关系三种情况； 二是关系副词where作地点状语，2021年第11题考查了where在定语从句中代替in which作地点状语的用法。 解题核心为“三步判断法”：找先行词→判在从句中作什么成分→选关系词。 【考点1 定语从句的概念】 1. 定语从句的概念 定语从句是形容词性从句。它是用来修饰、限定主句中的某一个名词或代词，起定语作用的从句。学习定语从句要了解以下概念： (1)先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词或词组。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后。 (2)关系词:分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that; 关系副词有 when, where, why (3)关系词的作用：引导定语从句；在定语从句中充当句子成分；从意义上指代先行词或与先行词有关。 The girl who is singing now is my sister.正在唱歌的那个女孩是我姐姐。 在此句中, 先行词是 the girl, 关系代词是 who. who is singing now 是定语从句,修饰the girl, who 指代 the girl, 引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。 即时训练 1. This is the workshop ________ my uncle repairs cars. A. which B. where C. who D. what 2. The student ________ is cleaning the blackboard is on duty today. A. who B. which C. when D. where 3. I remember the morning ________ we visited the museum. A. which B. who C. when D. whose 4. The magazine ________ I borrowed from Lily is on the desk. A. who B. which C. where D. when 5. He is the classmate ________ project won first prize. A. whose B. whom C. which D. where 【考点2 定语从句的分类】 对比维度 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定义作用 对先行词起限定、修饰作用，去掉后句子意思不完整或不明确 对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后句子意思仍然完整，不影响主句核心含义 形式特点 与主句之间没有逗号分隔 与主句之间必须用逗号分隔 先行词范围 通常只修饰单个名词或代词 可以修饰单个名词/代词，也可以修饰整个主句 关系词使用规则 1. 可以用that引导 2. 作宾语时可以省略关系代词 1. 绝对不能用that引导 2. 关系代词一律不能省略（介词提前时介词不省略，关系词也不省略） 3. 修饰整个主句时只能用which或as引导 关系代词指物时 用which/that均可 只能用which，不能用that 关系代词作宾语时 可省略，如：This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday. 不可省略，如：This book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 指代整个主句时 不可以 可以用which（位于主句后）He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy. 1.二者差异比较 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词, 同先行词之间一般不用逗号隔开, 仅表示修饰先行词, 可以由关系代词、关系副词引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。 2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据 要根据代替先行词的连接词在从句中作什么成分来决定用关系代词还是关系副词:作状语的应用关系副词，作主语、宾语或表语的可用关系代词。如： I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.(此处关系代词充当spent的宾语)我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那些日子。 (此处关系代词充当spent的宾语)我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那些日子。 I will never forget the days when we stayed together when I was fourteen.此处 when 作为关系副词, 在从句中充当状语。stayed 在该句中是不及物动词, 后面不可以加宾语)我永远不会忘记 14岁的时候我们在一起的那些日子。 此处 when 作为关系副词, 在从句中充当状语。stayed 在该句中是不及物动词, 后面不可以加宾语)我永远不会忘记 14岁的时候我们在一起的那些日子。 3.先行词与定语从句的分离 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分。如： This is the article that he wrote, which I talked to you about这是我和你谈过的他写的文章。 He is the only person that was invited in the country.他是这个国家唯一被邀请的人。 他是这个国家唯一被邀请的人。 注 定语从句中的连接词不可使用what或how。 即时训练 1．The city ________ I live in is very big. 2．The book ________ you lent me is very useful. 3．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. (用适当的关系词填空) 4．They talked for about an hour of things and persons ________ they remembered in the school. (根据英意填空) 5．— At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. (用适当的关系词填空) — Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. 6．He was a man of strong feelings, ________ normally lay hidden deep inside him. A．it B．that C．those D．which 7．He finally passed the exam, _________ made his mother so happy. A．when B．that C．which D．where 8．We grow our fruit and vegetables, _______ saves money. A．it B．that C．what D．which 9．We cook our own meals, ________ saves money. A．it B．that C．what D．which 10．The project was completed a week ahead of time, ________ was a big surprise to all of us. A．which B．that C．whose D．what 【考点3 关系词的基本用法】 关系词 说明 成分 示例 关 系 代 词 who 指人 主语 宾语 He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。(who 在从句 中作主语) She is the singer who/whom you talked about yesterday.她就是你们昨天谈论的那个歌手。(who/whom 在从句中作 宾语) whom 指人 宾语 Susan is a friend whom I have known since childhood.Susan 是我从孩提时代起就认识的 一位朋友。(whom 在从句中作宾语， 可省略) that 指人或物 主语 宾语 The bank that opened last week is very modern.上周开业的银行很现代化。(that 在从句中作主 语) The house that I want to sell has been sold.我想买的房子已经卖了。(that 在从句中作宾语，可省 略) whose 指人或物 定语 I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.我看到了一个美得让 人惊叹的女孩。(whose在从句中作 定语) It is the restaurant whose food is very delicious.这就是那家饭店,它 的饭菜很美味。(whose在从句中作 定语) which 指物 主语 宾语 Chinese is a language which is difficult to learn.汉语是一门难学的 语言，(which 在从句中作主语） The children like cookies (Which) their mother makes.孩子们喜欢妈 妈做的饼干。(which 在从句中作 makes 的宾语) 关 系 副 词 when (=during/in/on which) 指时间 状语 I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我依然记得我 第一次来这所学校的那天。 (when=on which,在从句中作时间 状语)Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是 假日，这天人们不上班，(when在从 句中作时间状语) where (=in/ at which) 指地点 状语 Is it the place where you met each other for the first time?这是你们第 一次见面的地方吗？(where=at which,在从句中作地点状语 The small village, where' he grew up has turned to be a town. 他长大的那个村庄已经变成了一 个小镇。(where =in which,在从句中 作地点状语) why (=for which) 指原因 状语 That is the reason why he will leave soon. 这就是他很快就要离开的原因。(why=for which，在从句中作 原因状语) (2)只能用关系代词that的情况 口诀 说明 示例 “绝” 先行词被序数词 最高级修饰 This is the first film that he has seen since he came to China.这是他来到中国后 看的第一部电影。 先行词被形容词 最高级修饰 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.. Tom 是我曾经知道的最聪明的男孩。 先行词被 the only,the very, the last等词修饰 This is the only book that belongs to him. 这是唯一 一本属于他的书。 先行词复合不定 代词 something ,anything,nothing ,everything Everything that they said is true..他们所说的一 切都是真的。 先行词被普通不 定代词修饰：all， much,many,some, any,a little,a few,little,few I have finished all the books that you gave me..我已经 读完了你给我的所有书。 “避” 避免重复 Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? 站在 树底下的那个女孩是谁？ “人物” 既有人又有物 I have never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.我从未听说过你刚刚谈论的 人和物。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ②一般情况下 that, which, whom, who 作宾语时可以省略, 但以下情况不能省略： a.关系代词 that 在从句中作介词的宾语时不能省略, 而且介词不能放在 that前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。　I will never forget the day on which my mother and I went to Shanghai.我将不会忘记我和妈妈一起去上海的那一天。 b.关系代词 which，whom 在从句中作介词的宾语时不能省略。介词可以放在 which, whom 之前, 也可以放在从句中有关动词的后面, 以使关系代词紧跟着它所修饰的先行词。 c. that, which,who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。 The train which has just left is for Wuhan.刚开走的火车是驶往武汉的。 The man who is smoking is my friend.抽烟那人是我朋友。 The shop which sells candies is at the end of the street .那个卖糖果的店在街的末尾。 即时训练 1. The nurse ________ looked after my grandpa was very patient. A. which B. who C. whose D. where 2. The teacher ________ we thanked yesterday smiled warmly. A. whom B. whose C. which D. when 3. The girl ________ brother works in the railway station is my neighbor. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 4. He is the very person ________ helped me repair the bike. A. which B. whom C. that D. whose 5. The doctor ________ I spoke to gave me useful advice. A. who B. where C. whose D. which 6. The app ________ helps students remember words is popular. A. who B. where C. that D. when 7. This is the camera ________ my cousin bought online. A. who B. which C. where D. when 8. The library ________ we visited last Friday has many English books. A. where B. who C. which D. when 9. The company ________ products are sold abroad is near the airport. A. whose B. which C. who D. where 10. All the advice ________ she gave was helpful. A. which B. who C. that D. where 11. This is the training center ________ we learned first aid. A. which B. where C. who D. what 12. I will never forget the day ________ our team won the match. A. when B. which C. who D. whose 13. No one knows the reason ________ he missed the interview. A. which B. why C. where D. who 14. The room ________ the meeting was held is on the second floor. A. where B. which C. whose D. who 15. The summer ________ we spent in Lanzhou was unforgettable. A. when B. where C. that D. who 16. Please tell me ________ you found in the old box. A. which B. what C. who D. where 17. This is the notebook ________ I found in the old box. A. what B. who C. that D. where 18. The fact ________ he finished the task alone surprised us. A. that B. which C. who D. where 19. Do you know the boy ________ is drawing a map on the board? A. who B. what C. whom D. where 20. The office ________ she works is bright and quiet. A. which B. where C. what D. who 题型贯通·能力迁移 一、单项选择 1. The bus ________ goes to the airport leaves at 8:00. A. who B. which C. where D. when 2. The woman ________ daughter studies nursing is our English teacher. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 3. This is the stadium ________ we had the opening ceremony. A. where B. which C. who D. what 4. I prefer stories ________ teach useful life skills. A. who B. whose C. that D. where 5. The week ________ we prepared for the contest was busy. A. when B. which C. where D. who 二、关系词填空 1. Fill in the blank: The worker ________ fixed the lift came from a local company. 2. Fill in the blank: The song ________ we practiced yesterday is easy to sing. 3. Fill in the blank: The factory ________ they make schoolbags is very clean. 4. Fill in the blank: The boy ________ glasses were broken looked upset. 5. Fill in the blank: That was the reason ________ she chose this club. 三、改错与辨析 1. Correction: This is the park where we cleaned last Sunday. 2. Correction: I met the student whose helped you yesterday. 3. Correction: The bag what she bought is blue. 4. Sentence completion: 这是他们训练的操场。This is the playground ________ they train. 5. Sentence completion: 我喜欢那位建议很实用的老师。I like the teacher ________ advice is practical. 1. （2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第5题） I’ m watching the movie ________ won the Best Movie Award last year. A. Whether B. that C. where D. when 2. （改编自2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第11题）Luoyang is a famous city ________ the Longmen Grotto is located. A. when B. where C. while D. what 3. （2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第5题）Do you know the girl ________ mother is an English teacher? A. whose B. who C. which D. that 4. （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第9题）Do you remember the teacher ________ taught us Chinese in high school? A. whom B. who C. whose D. which $编写说明：2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣甘肃省中职升学考试英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第6个专题，内容为定语从句。 2027年甘肃省（中职升学考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题06 定语从句 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 定语从句的概念 即时训练 考点2 定语从句的分类 即时训练 考点3 关系词的用法 即时训练 题型贯通·能力迁移 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 甘肃省2021—2024年中职升学考试真题统计 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 关系代词 who/that/which/whose 考查关系代词在定语从句中的选用，四年中三年设题，覆盖三种典型用法：①that/which指物作主语； ②who指人作主语； ③whose表所属关系。 4道题均为限制性定语从句，先行词均为名词，关系词在从句中作主语或定语，尚未出现介词+关系代词、非限制性定语从句等较复杂考法。 （5） （5） （9） 关系副词 where/when/why 考查关系副词在定语从句中作状语的用法，四年仅设1题：where作地点状语。when作时间状语和why作原因状语四年未直接设题，但与where一同属于关系副词作状语的基础知识，需作为必知内容掌握。 （11） 定语从句是甘肃省中职升学考试英语单项选择题中的常规考点，四年累计直接设题4道。命题覆盖了定语从句的两大核心类别： 一是关系代词（who/that/which/whose）的选用，考查关系词在从句中所作的成分（主语/定语）以及先行词指人/指物的区分，三年中涉及了that/which指物作主语、who指人作主语和whose表所属关系三种情况； 二是关系副词where作地点状语，2021年第11题考查了where在定语从句中代替in which作地点状语的用法。 解题核心为“三步判断法”：找先行词→判在从句中作什么成分→选关系词。 【考点1 定语从句的概念】 1. 定语从句的概念 定语从句是形容词性从句。它是用来修饰、限定主句中的某一个名词或代词，起定语作用的从句。学习定语从句要了解以下概念： (1)先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词或词组。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后。 (2)关系词:分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that; 关系副词有 when, where, why (3)关系词的作用：引导定语从句；在定语从句中充当句子成分；从意义上指代先行词或与先行词有关。 The girl who is singing now is my sister.正在唱歌的那个女孩是我姐姐。 在此句中, 先行词是 the girl, 关系代词是 who. who is singing now 是定语从句,修饰the girl, who 指代 the girl, 引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。 即时训练 1. This is the workshop ________ my uncle repairs cars. A. which B. where C. who D. what 【答案】B 【解析】workshop在从句中作地点状语，用where。 2. The student ________ is cleaning the blackboard is on duty today. A. who B. which C. when D. where 【答案】A 【解析】student指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who。 3. I remember the morning ________ we visited the museum. A. which B. who C. when D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】morning在从句中作时间状语，用when。 4. The magazine ________ I borrowed from Lily is on the desk. A. who B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】magazine指物，在从句中作borrowed的宾语。 5. He is the classmate ________ project won first prize. A. whose B. whom C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】project属于classmate，用whose作定语。 【考点2 定语从句的分类】 对比维度 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定义作用 对先行词起限定、修饰作用，去掉后句子意思不完整或不明确 对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后句子意思仍然完整，不影响主句核心含义 形式特点 与主句之间没有逗号分隔 与主句之间必须用逗号分隔 先行词范围 通常只修饰单个名词或代词 可以修饰单个名词/代词，也可以修饰整个主句 关系词使用规则 1. 可以用that引导 2. 作宾语时可以省略关系代词 1. 绝对不能用that引导 2. 关系代词一律不能省略（介词提前时介词不省略，关系词也不省略） 3. 修饰整个主句时只能用which或as引导 关系代词指物时 用which/that均可 只能用which，不能用that 关系代词作宾语时 可省略，如：This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday. 不可省略，如：This book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 指代整个主句时 不可以 可以用which（位于主句后）He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy. 1.二者差异比较 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词, 同先行词之间一般不用逗号隔开, 仅表示修饰先行词, 可以由关系代词、关系副词引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。 2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据 要根据代替先行词的连接词在从句中作什么成分来决定用关系代词还是关系副词:作状语的应用关系副词，作主语、宾语或表语的可用关系代词。如： I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.(此处关系代词充当spent的宾语)我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那些日子。 (此处关系代词充当spent的宾语)我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那些日子。 I will never forget the days when we stayed together when I was fourteen.此处 when 作为关系副词, 在从句中充当状语。stayed 在该句中是不及物动词, 后面不可以加宾语)我永远不会忘记 14岁的时候我们在一起的那些日子。 此处 when 作为关系副词, 在从句中充当状语。stayed 在该句中是不及物动词, 后面不可以加宾语)我永远不会忘记 14岁的时候我们在一起的那些日子。 3.先行词与定语从句的分离 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分。如： This is the article that he wrote, which I talked to you about这是我和你谈过的他写的文章。 He is the only person that was invited in the country.他是这个国家唯一被邀请的人。 他是这个国家唯一被邀请的人。 注 定语从句中的连接词不可使用what或how。 即时训练 1．The city ________ I live in is very big. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定从关系词。句意：我居住的城市非常大。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句“I live in”，修饰先行词the city，关系词在从句中作in的宾语，指物，因此用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 2．The book ________ you lent me is very useful. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：你借给我的那本书非常有用。“you lent me”为定语从句，先行词是the book（表示物），在从句中作动词lent的宾语。当先行词是物且在从句中作宾语时，关系代词可以用which或that。故填which/that。 3．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. (用适当的关系词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的父母坚决不允许他与任何家境贫寒的人结婚。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句修饰先行词“anyone”，且从句中作定语修饰“family”，表所属关系，即“任何人的家庭”，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 4．They talked for about an hour of things and persons ________ they remembered in the school. (根据英意填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定从关系词。句意：他们谈了大约一个小时，谈论他们记得的学校里的人和事。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词“things and persons”，关系词在从句中作remembered的宾语，当先行词既有人又有物（things and persons）时，关系代词用that。故填that。 5．— At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. (用适当的关系词填空) — Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——现在，年轻人更喜欢用微信和朋友保持联系。——是的。这是一种很受年轻人欢迎的交流方式。分析句子结构可知，空后是定语从句，先行词是“a good way of communication”，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/ which。 6．He was a man of strong feelings, ________ normally lay hidden deep inside him. A．it B．that C．those D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是一个感情强烈的人，这种感情通常深藏在他内心深处。分析句子结构，“…normally lay hidden deep inside him”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词“strong feelings”指物，从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选D项。 7．He finally passed the exam, _________ made his mother so happy. A．when B．that C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他终于通过了考试，这让他的妈妈很高兴。分析句子结构可知，后句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是He finally passed the exam，从句缺少主语，且主语指代整个主句内容，应用关系代词which引导。故选C。 8．We grow our fruit and vegetables, _______ saves money. A．it B．that C．what D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们种植水果和蔬菜，这样可以省钱。分析句子结构可知，“... saves money”是作定语，空格中的关系词在从句中作主语，指代前面说的“我们种植水果和蔬菜”，在非限制性定语从句中指代前面的事需用关系代词which。故选D。 9．We cook our own meals, ________ saves money. A．it B．that C．what D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们自己做饭，这样能省钱。分析句子可知，谓语动词为“cook”，空格后为定语从句，这是一个非限制性定语从句，在非限制性定语从句中，缺少主语，“which”可引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子“We cook our own meals”，在从句中作主语，意思是“这一点，这件事”，即自己做饭这件事省钱，符合语境。故选D。 10．The project was completed a week ahead of time, ________ was a big surprise to all of us. A．which B．that C．whose D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该项目提前一周完成，这对我们所有人来说都是一个巨大的惊喜。分析句子可知，“...was a big surprise to all of us.”为非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，故用“which”指代前面整个句子“The project was completed a week ahead of time”，在从句中作主语。故选A。 【考点3 关系词的基本用法】 关系词 说明 成分 示例 关 系 代 词 who 指人 主语 宾语 He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。(who 在从句 中作主语) She is the singer who/whom you talked about yesterday.她就是你们昨天谈论的那个歌手。(who/whom 在从句中作 宾语) whom 指人 宾语 Susan is a friend whom I have known since childhood.Susan 是我从孩提时代起就认识的 一位朋友。(whom 在从句中作宾语， 可省略) that 指人或物 主语 宾语 The bank that opened last week is very modern.上周开业的银行很现代化。(that 在从句中作主 语) The house that I want to sell has been sold.我想买的房子已经卖了。(that 在从句中作宾语，可省 略) whose 指人或物 定语 I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.我看到了一个美得让 人惊叹的女孩。(whose在从句中作 定语) It is the restaurant whose food is very delicious.这就是那家饭店,它 的饭菜很美味。(whose在从句中作 定语) which 指物 主语 宾语 Chinese is a language which is difficult to learn.汉语是一门难学的 语言，(which 在从句中作主语） The children like cookies (Which) their mother makes.孩子们喜欢妈 妈做的饼干。(which 在从句中作 makes 的宾语) 关 系 副 词 when (=during/in/on which) 指时间 状语 I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我依然记得我 第一次来这所学校的那天。 (when=on which,在从句中作时间 状语)Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是 假日，这天人们不上班，(when在从 句中作时间状语) where (=in/ at which) 指地点 状语 Is it the place where you met each other for the first time?这是你们第 一次见面的地方吗？(where=at which,在从句中作地点状语 The small village, where' he grew up has turned to be a town. 他长大的那个村庄已经变成了一 个小镇。(where =in which,在从句中 作地点状语) why (=for which) 指原因 状语 That is the reason why he will leave soon. 这就是他很快就要离开的原因。(why=for which，在从句中作 原因状语) (2)只能用关系代词that的情况 口诀 说明 示例 “绝” 先行词被序数词 最高级修饰 This is the first film that he has seen since he came to China.这是他来到中国后 看的第一部电影。 先行词被形容词 最高级修饰 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.. Tom 是我曾经知道的最聪明的男孩。 先行词被 the only,the very, the last等词修饰 This is the only book that belongs to him. 这是唯一 一本属于他的书。 先行词复合不定 代词 something ,anything,nothing ,everything Everything that they said is true..他们所说的一 切都是真的。 先行词被普通不 定代词修饰：all， much,many,some, any,a little,a few,little,few I have finished all the books that you gave me..我已经 读完了你给我的所有书。 “避” 避免重复 Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? 站在 树底下的那个女孩是谁？ “人物” 既有人又有物 I have never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.我从未听说过你刚刚谈论的 人和物。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ②一般情况下 that, which, whom, who 作宾语时可以省略, 但以下情况不能省略： a.关系代词 that 在从句中作介词的宾语时不能省略, 而且介词不能放在 that前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。　I will never forget the day on which my mother and I went to Shanghai.我将不会忘记我和妈妈一起去上海的那一天。 b.关系代词 which，whom 在从句中作介词的宾语时不能省略。介词可以放在 which, whom 之前, 也可以放在从句中有关动词的后面, 以使关系代词紧跟着它所修饰的先行词。 c. that, which,who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。 The train which has just left is for Wuhan.刚开走的火车是驶往武汉的。 The man who is smoking is my friend.抽烟那人是我朋友。 The shop which sells candies is at the end of the street .那个卖糖果的店在街的末尾。 即时训练 1. The nurse ________ looked after my grandpa was very patient. A. which B. who C. whose D. where 【答案】B 【解析】nurse指人，关系词作主语，用who。 2. The teacher ________ we thanked yesterday smiled warmly. A. whom B. whose C. which D. when 【答案】A 【解析】teacher指人，关系词作thanked的宾语，可用whom。 3. The girl ________ brother works in the railway station is my neighbor. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】C 【解析】brother属于girl，用whose brother。 4. He is the very person ________ helped me repair the bike. A. which B. whom C. that D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】先行词person受the very修饰，可用that。 5. The doctor ________ I spoke to gave me useful advice. A. who B. where C. whose D. which 【答案】A 【解析】doctor指人，关系词作介词to的宾语，可用who。 6. The app ________ helps students remember words is popular. A. who B. where C. that D. when 【答案】C 【解析】app指物，关系词作主语，用that/which。 7. This is the camera ________ my cousin bought online. A. who B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】camera指物，在从句中作bought的宾语。 8. The library ________ we visited last Friday has many English books. A. where B. who C. which D. when 【答案】C 【解析】library作visited的宾语，不用where。 9. The company ________ products are sold abroad is near the airport. A. whose B. which C. who D. where 【答案】A 【解析】products与company为所属关系，用whose。 10. All the advice ________ she gave was helpful. A. which B. who C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】先行词被all修饰，常用that。 11. This is the training center ________ we learned first aid. A. which B. where C. who D. what 【答案】B 【解析】training center在从句中作地点状语，用where。 12. I will never forget the day ________ our team won the match. A. when B. which C. who D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】day在从句中作时间状语，用when。 13. No one knows the reason ________ he missed the interview. A. which B. why C. where D. who 【答案】B 【解析】reason后从句表示原因状语，用why。 14. The room ________ the meeting was held is on the second floor. A. where B. which C. whose D. who 【答案】A 【解析】room在从句中作地点状语，用where。 15. The summer ________ we spent in Lanzhou was unforgettable. A. when B. where C. that D. who 【答案】C 【解析】summer作spent的宾语，用that/which，不用when。 16. Please tell me ________ you found in the old box. A. which B. what C. who D. where 【答案】B 【解析】空前没有先行词，found后缺宾语，用what引导宾语从句。 17. This is the notebook ________ I found in the old box. A. what B. who C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】notebook是先行词，关系词作found的宾语，用that/which。 18. The fact ________ he finished the task alone surprised us. A. that B. which C. who D. where 【答案】A 【解析】fact后的从句不缺成分，that引导同位语从句。 19. Do you know the boy ________ is drawing a map on the board? A. who B. what C. whom D. where 【答案】A 【解析】boy指人，关系词作主语，用who。 20. The office ________ she works is bright and quiet. A. which B. where C. what D. who 【答案】B 【解析】office在从句中作地点状语，用where。 题型贯通·能力迁移 一、单项选择 1. The bus ________ goes to the airport leaves at 8:00. A. who B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】bus指物，关系词作主语，用which/that。 2. The woman ________ daughter studies nursing is our English teacher. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 【答案】B 【解析】daughter与woman是所属关系，用whose。 3. This is the stadium ________ we had the opening ceremony. A. where B. which C. who D. what 【答案】A 【解析】stadium在从句中作地点状语，用where。 4. I prefer stories ________ teach useful life skills. A. who B. whose C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】stories指物，关系词作主语，用that/which。 5. The week ________ we prepared for the contest was busy. A. when B. which C. where D. who 【答案】A 【解析】week在从句中作时间状语，用when。 二、关系词填空 1. Fill in the blank: The worker ________ fixed the lift came from a local company. 【答案】who / that 【解析】worker指人，关系词作主语。 2. Fill in the blank: The song ________ we practiced yesterday is easy to sing. 【答案】which / that 【解析】song作practiced的宾语。 3. Fill in the blank: The factory ________ they make schoolbags is very clean. 【答案】where 【解析】factory在从句中作地点状语。 4. Fill in the blank: The boy ________ glasses were broken looked upset. 【答案】whose 【解析】glasses与boy是所属关系。 5. Fill in the blank: That was the reason ________ she chose this club. 【答案】why 【解析】reason后从句表示原因状语。 三、改错与辨析 1. Correction: This is the park where we cleaned last Sunday. 【答案】where改为which/that或省略 【解析】park作cleaned的宾语，不作地点状语。 2. Correction: I met the student whose helped you yesterday. 【答案】whose改为who/that 【解析】关系词作主语，后面直接接谓语helped。 3. Correction: The bag what she bought is blue. 【答案】what改为which/that或省略 【解析】bag是先行词，定语从句不用what。 4. Sentence completion: 这是他们训练的操场。This is the playground ________ they train. 【答案】where 【解析】playground在从句中作地点状语。 5. Sentence completion: 我喜欢那位建议很实用的老师。I like the teacher ________ advice is practical. 【答案】whose 【解析】advice属于teacher，用whose。 1. （2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第5题） I’ m watching the movie ________ won the Best Movie Award last year. A. Whether B. that C. where D. when 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我正在看去年获得最佳电影奖的电影。分析句子结构可知，“... won the Best Movie Award last year”是作定语，先行词是“the movie”，空格处所填的关系词在从句中作主语，代指物可用which或that。故选B。 2. （改编自2021年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第11题）Luoyang is a famous city ________ the Longmen Grotto is located. A. when B. where C. while D. what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：洛阳是一个著名的城市，龙门石窟就坐落在那里。分析句子结构，该句是主从复合句。“Luoyang is a famous city ”是主句，后面是定语从句，此空是引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是“city”且回归到定语从句时作地点状语，故该空要填关系副词“where”。 3. （2023年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第5题）Do you know the girl ________ mother is an English teacher? A. whose B. who C. which D. that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个妈妈是英语老师的女孩吗？分析句子可知，“...mother is an English teacher?”为定语从句，先行词“the girl”与“mother”所属关系，故用whose作定语引导定语从句。故选A。 4. （2024年甘肃省中职升学考试英语试题第9题）Do you remember the teacher ________ taught us Chinese in high school? A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得高中时教我们语文的老师吗？分析句子结构可知，此处缺限制性定语从句的从属连词，且作从句的主语，先行词为“the teacher (老师)”，指人，应用who引导限制性定语从句。故选B。 $