暑假作业Day14 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以“连词+形容词辨析”为核心，通过规则梳理-易错突破-语篇应用的三阶逻辑，系统整合语法知识与跨文化语境，提升语言应用能力与文化意识。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心语法|3组连词+2类形容词|so...that结果/unless=if not/ed表感受-ing表属性|从基础规则到教材原句迁移，构建语法应用框架| |易错突破|4大易错点|主将从现/避免双重否定/主语属性判断|针对高频错误，强化语法精准性| |综合题型|单选15+填空4+完形2+阅读5|语境化语法运用/文化差异分析|以跨文化场景为载体，实现语法知识向语言能力转化|

Day 14 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 连词so...that/as soon as/unless + -ed/-ing 形容词辨析（原卷版） 连词so...that/as soon as/unless + -ed/-ing 形容词辨析 一、核心语法板块 1：三组连词用法梳理 1. so ... that（如此…… 以至于……，结果状语从句） 结构：so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 完整句子，that 后引出主句动作带来的结果 例句（教材原句）：No, that's so formal that we don't do it these days. 翻译：那太过正式，以至于我们如今不会这么做了 2. as soon as（一…… 就……，时间状语从句） 用法：引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现（主句将来时，从句一般现在时表将来），描述两个动作紧接着发生 例句（教材原句）：In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. 翻译：在日本，我们一见到老师就会鞠躬 3. unless（除非；如果不，条件状语从句） 等价转换：unless = if ... not，引导否定条件 例句（教材原句）：Don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. 翻译：除非主人要求，否则不要带食物 连词句式合并例题答案（教材 4b） 1.答案见课本 2.In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home. 3.In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 4.In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. 5.In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless you know him or her well. 二、核心语法板块 2：-ed 形容词与 - ing 形容词辨析（surprised/surprising；interested/interesting） 基础区分规则 1.-ed 结尾形容词（surprised/interested/embarrassed）：主语通常是人，表达人自身感到…… 的（主观感受） 例：I was surprised by your bow. 我对你鞠躬这件事感到诧异 2.-ing 结尾形容词（surprising/interesting/embarrassing）：修饰事物、事件，表达事物本身令人…… 的（客观属性） 例：That's surprising! 这事很让人诧异 教材对照例句 人作主语：Don’t look so embarrassed! 别看起来这么窘迫！（人的感受） 事物作主语：But it is embarrassing! 但这件事本身很让人尴尬！（事件属性） 三、4c 语篇填空答案（结合以上语法） Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is so different from your own that you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this as soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really surprising to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. It’s so interesting to discover cultural differences like this! 作者来自德国（Germany） 四、高频句式结构汇总（填空 / 写作必背） 1.so + adj. + that 从句（表结果） 仿写：The rule is so strict that few people follow it. 主句 + as soon as + 时间从句（表动作先后） 仿写：I will greet him as soon as I see him. 2.主句否定 + unless 条件从句（= if 条件否定） 仿写：You cannot enter unless you show your ID card. 3.人 + be + -ed 形容词（感受）；事物 + be + -ing 形容词（属性） 仿写：I felt bored. / The movie was boring. 五、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：unless 和 if not 转换 原句：Don’t go out unless it stops raining. 同义句：Don’t go out if it does not stop raining. ⚠️ 注意 unless 本身自带否定含义，从句不要再额外加否定词 易错点 2：so…that 中间只能加形容词 / 副词，不可直接接名词 ✅ so formal that…（formal 形容词） ❌ so a formal custom that…（错误，接名词要用 such…that） 易错点 3：-ed/-ing 主语判断误区 主语是人，不一定全用 - ed：如果描述这个人 “让人觉得怎样”，也要用 - ing 例：He is interesting. 他这个人很有趣（他人对他的评价） 核心判断：自身感受用 - ed，外物带给人的感受用 - ing 易错点 4：as soon as 时态 描述将来动作：主句将来时，从句只用一般现在时 ✅ I will call you as soon as I arrive. ❌ I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 六、配套教材典型例句复盘 1.so…that：No, that's so formal that we don't do it these days. 2.as soon as：we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. 3.unless：don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. 4.-ed 形容词：I was surprised by your bow. 5.-ing 形容词：That's surprising! / It is embarrassing! 单项选择。 ( )1. The custom is ______ strange ______ few foreigners know about it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ( )2. I will send you a message ______ I reach the airport. A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. until ( )3. You can’t enter the museum ______ you show your student ID. A. as soon as B. so C. unless D. when ( )4. We felt ______ when we heard the ______ cultural differences between countries. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprising ( )5. The trip to foreign countries is ______ fun ______ all of us enjoy it a lot. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; that ( )6. Tom ______ a handshake with the guest as soon as he ______ him tomorrow. A. will give; meets B. gives; will meet C. will give; will meet D. gives; meets ( )7. Unless you ______ polite to local people, they ______ unfriendly to you. A. are; are B. aren’t; will be C. are; will be D. aren’t; are ( )8. The little boy was ______ at the ______ table manners in foreign countries. A. embarrassing; embarrassed B. embarrassed; embarrassing C. embarrassed; embarrassed D. embarrassing; embarrassing ( )9. This rule is ______ strict ______ most tourists can’t follow it well. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that ( )10. —When will you call me? —I will call you ______ I arrive at the foreign restaurant. A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. before ( )11. You won’t learn about foreign culture well ______ you travel abroad by yourself. A. as soon as B. if C. unless D. when ( )12. The show about cross-culture was ______ amazing ______ nobody wanted to leave early. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to ( )13. ______ the moment she sees her Japanese pen pal, she ______ a deep bow. A. As soon as; will make B. As soon as; makes C. Unless; will make D. Unless; makes ( )14. I find it ______ that different countries have totally different table rules, and I am really ______ in them. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested ( )15. We can’t take off our shoes here ______ the host tells us to do so. A. as soon as B. unless C. so that D. though 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A（25-26八下全国课后作业） soon, strong, use, culture, curious, startle, unless, shock, interest, careful Jack is an exchange student from Canada. He enjoys traveling to different countries and he never misses any chance to try new things     1     he is ill. As     2     as he arrives in China, he feels excited and     3     about everything here. He finds that Chinese people often     4     body language to show their feelings. He is so     5     by it that he asks his classmates for help. His classmates tell him many cultural differences between China and Western countries. Jack listens     6     and tries to remember them. He finds that Chinese people are not     7     to show their feelings directly. He is     8     by this difference at first, but later he learns to understand it. Jack also learns that different countries have different     9     traditions. He thinks it’s important to respect them. Day by day, he becomes more and more     10     in Chinese culture and decides to stay longer. B（24-25八下广东中山期中）  请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 without, hard, they, culture, feel, agree, really, because, way, people, easy, take Do you often say “sorry” to others? Many people think saying “sorry” is the     1     way to apologize. But in Canada, it’s different. Canadians think that “sorry” is the most common word to use in     2     country. Why do Canadians apologize so much, even when they don’t need to? That’s     3     saying “sorry” is a part of Canadian culture. It shows that they’re polite and they’re trying to be nice. Also, many foreigners     4     that Canada is a polite country, so Canadians may try to protect that idea. For many Canadians, they apologize even     5     thinking. For example, a Canadian will probably say “sorry” first when someone hurts him by accident in the street! Why? Because in Canadians’ opinion, it’s often     6     to say “sorry” than to shout at someone or to have a fight. So, whatever happens, saying “sorry” is one of the greatest     7     to stay out of trouble. We should also realize that when Canadians say “sorry”, that doesn’t always mean they are     8     sorry. Sometimes, apologizing just means they know some bad things happened and     9     sad to hear about the bad news, not meaning they think they made mistakes. Is Canadian     10     interesting? How do you use “I’m sorry” in your country? Please tell us. We are happy to know about it! C（25-26八下全国课后作业） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。   Last month, I visited my Chinese friend Xiao Wei for the first time. Before dinner, he gave me some advice on Chinese table manners. He said, “Don’t stick your chopsticks     1     a bowl of rice. It is considered very rude.” I thought that was     2     (surprise) because in my country we don’t have that custom. When we sat down at the table, I felt a little     3     (confuse). There were many shared dishes in the middle. Xiao Wei told me, “You should use the serving chopsticks     4     (take) food from the shared dishes.” I tried my best     5     (follow) his advice. During the meal, I wanted to reach for a dish that was far away. Xiao Wei     6     (quiet) said, “Don’t stand up to reach for food. Just ask someone     7     (pass) it to you.” So I did as he said. After dinner, I thanked Xiao Wei’s parents and said that everything was delicious. They were very happy. Xiao Wei told me, “You did a great job     8     a guest.” I learned that good table manners are very important     9     you want to show respect to the host. Now I am more confident when I eat with Chinese friends. I     10     (real) enjoy learning about different cultures! 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 D（25-26八下全国课后作业）  Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is     1     (difference) from your own. You might feel surprised when you see new customs. Some of them are so formal     2     you don’t know how to act. For example, in some countries, people don’t kiss each other on the cheek     3     they are good friends. You should take off your shoes as     4     as you enter someone’s home. Being late is common in some places, but in others, it’s considered rude. You should be patient and not expect people     5     (be) on time all the time. Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude in some Asian countries. You should avoid     6     (do) it. When learning about new cultures, it’s natural to feel     7     (embarrass) sometimes. But it is     8     (interest) to discover cultural differences. As you learn more, you will become more curious and     9     (interest) in the new culture. You will soon find that it is not so hard to understand different ways of life. It is     10     (surprise) how much you can learn when you keep an open mind. 完形填空。 A(25-26八下甘肃陇南期末） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I visited my pen pal in Peru. Before I left, I read about local     1    , but I still felt a little nervous. The culture was so     2     that I experienced culture shock from the moment I arrived. As soon as I got off the plane, people stood very close to me on the bus, even though there was     3     space. In Germany, we usually don’t stand close to someone     4     we know them very well. That was really surprising to me. Later, I     5     that in Peru, standing close is a sign of friendliness. I also noticed that people often greet each other with a kiss on the cheek. At first I felt     6     because I didn’t know when to do it. But after a week, I got used     7     the custom. One day, a friend invited     8     to dinner. I brought a small gift—some flowers. My friend was very happy. She said, “You are so kind! But next time, don’t     9     flowers because they are for funerals (葬礼) here.” Oops! I made a     10    . Now I understand that learning about another culture goes a long way. 1. A．customs B．stories C．postcards D．wonders 2. A．usual B．common C．similar D．different 3. A．plenty of B．a lot C．little D．no 4. A．so B．unless C．when D．because 5. A．warned B．suffered C．learned D．received 6. A．excited B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．bored 7. A．to B．for C．at D．with 8. A．him B．her C．you D．me 9. A．sell B．bring C．refuse D．press 10. A．difference B．mistake C．call D．Decision B（25-26八下河南开封期末） Manners are very important in our daily life. There are many different     1     and habits among different countries. We must find out and follow their customs, or we may meet some     2     situations. Here are some examples of     3     manners. If you visit a Chinese family, you should knock at the door first. When the door opens, you will not     4     before the host says, “Come in, please.” After you enter the room, you should not sit down     5     the host asks you to. When a cup of tea is given to you , you should say “Thank you” and     6     it with two hands. Before entering a house in Japan, it is good manners to     7     your shoes. In England, a visitor always finishes the food to show that he enjoys it. The host will be     8     with that. But if you do that in Russia, the host will think you are really     9    . You have to give your present in public in the Middle East. But it’s good manners to give your present in a(n)     10     way in Asia. “Come any time” means “I want you to visit me” in India. If you don’t suggest a time at once, the Indians will think you are     11     the invitation. But if an Englishman says “Come any time”, he doesn’t really     12     that. They will think you are impolite if you start fixing a time (定时间). It’s very important to arrive early for the party in Germany. But in Paris it’s     13     to arrive on time or a few minutes late. Arriving early may cause problems. Sometimes these customs are     14    , and you may make mistakes. But when you start to understand people from other     15     groups, they will understand you too. 1. A．customs B．games C．books D．hobbies 2. A．embarrassing B．exciting C．interesting D．amazing 3. A．improper B．rude C．friendly D．proper 4. A．answer B．leave C．speak D．move 5. A．and B．because C．unless D．but 6. A．receive B．pull C．touch D．lift 7. A．put on B．take off C．take away D．put up 8. A．patient B．happy C．angry D．strict 9. A．polite B．curious C．hungry D．thirsty 10. A．private B．open C．simple D．new 11. A．refusing B．forgetting C．accepting D．changing 12. A．hate B．mean C．ask D．serve 13. A．formal B．uncommon C．regular D．normal 14. A．funny B．relaxing C．confusing D．interesting 15. A．official B．cultural C．natural D．magical 阅读理解。 A（25-26八下海南期末） 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A．Before midday. B．At 5:00 p. m. C．Around 7 p. m. or even later. 2. Western people use ________ to eat most food. A．knives and forks B．chopsticks C．spoons 3. What will a host (主人) say to a guest at the start of a meal? A．“Eat slowly!” B．“Help yourself!” C．“Could you serve me?” 4. When might people want to say “I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”? A．If the hosts give something they don’t like. B．If the hosts keep offering a lot of food to them. C．If they are full and don’t want to eat more. 5. According to the passage, which is right when you’re in the West? A．You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. B．You can leave as soon as you finish eating. C．You should watch the others and do as they do. B（25-26八下辽宁锦州期末） When you eat at a nice restaurant in a different country, it’s important to know some table manners. Different cultures have different ways of eating. For example, in China, people often use chopsticks to eat. But in India, some people eat with their hands. However, in formal restaurants, you should always use utensils (餐具) unless you are told it’s okay to use your hands. It can be confusing to know all the rules. Just remember to sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table. Don’t reach over someone else’s plate. That might be considered impolite. If you need something, ask politely. Also, remember to use serving chopsticks when you share food with others. This shows respect. In some places, making noise while eating is okay, but in others, it is not. So, try to watch what others are doing. If you are not sure what to do, just follow the local people. Being polite and respectful is the key to enjoying a meal in a new culture. By learning these small things, you can avoid feeling that your behaviour is improper and show that you care about other cultures. So next time you eat out, remember these tips and enjoy your meal! 1. According to the passage, what should you use when sharing food with others? A．Your own chopsticks B．Serving chopsticks C．Your hands D．Different plates 2. What does the underlined word “confusing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Easy B．difficult to understand C．Interesting D．simple to follow 3. We can infer from the text that _________. A．people in India never use any utensils for meals B．it is always polite to make noises while eating abroad C．putting elbows on the dinner table is not proper D．you can cross others to get food easily at table 4. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A．Different eating habits in different countries B．Why people should respect foreign cultures C．Useful table manners tips when eating abroad D．How to use chopsticks correctly in restaurants C（25-26八下吉林期末）  ①In today’s world, cultural exchange is more important than ever. It helps to build bridges between different cultures. How does cultural exchange happen? ②One of the simplest ways is through food. Eating a country’s traditional dishes can give you a taste of its culture. For example, sushi is a popular Japanese dish and it is also welcomed around the world. It shows the culinary culture of Japan and introduces many cooking skills and cooking arts. ③Language is another key point. Learning a new language opens doors to a country’s history, literature, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas. ④Art and music are further examples of how culture is shared and developed. International film festivals and music concerts allow artists to show their works to people around the world. This encourages artists from different places to work together. ⑤Cultural exchange also plays an important role in education. Study-abroad programs and international student exchanges give students a direct experience of another culture. These experiences can open up a new world to students. ⑥In a word, the growth of cultural exchange allows us to experience our colourful world. As we continue to share and learn about each other’s culture, we build a closer and more understanding global (全球的) community. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of learning foreign languages. B．Different ways of cultural exchange and their benefits. C．The history of sushi and other traditional dishes. D．How to study abroad successfully. 2. What is the underlined word “culinary” in Paragraph 2 probably about? A．About cooking. B．About art. C．About skills. D．About Japanese culture. 3. What can learning a new language help you to do, according to the passage? A．Understand a country’s history, literature, and ideas. B．Taste traditional dishes from other countries. C．Make friends with artists from around the world. D．Get a certificate for studying abroad. 4. How do international film festivals and music concerts help cultural exchange? A．They teach people film and music skills. B．They make artists share their works with the world. C．They encourage people to learn new languages. D．They give students chances to study abroad. 5. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D．  阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求） （25-26八下湖北黄冈期末） Table manners are very different in every country. For example, when you are in England, you must not lift your soup plate to your mouth. This is very impolite. But when you are in Japan, this is completely normal. Lifting your plate to your mouth in Japan is a traditional way of drinking soup. And also in Japan you don’t have to worry about making a noise when you drink it. It just shows that you really like the food! But it is not the same in Britain, so you shouldn’t make a noise when eating there. In Britain, people don’t put their hands or arms on the table during the meal. But in Mexico, guests keep their hands on the table all the time. In fact, you should watch what your hands do very carefully. In Arab countries, it is impolite when you eat with your left hand, so don’t do it! In Ukraine you should not start eating first; you should wait for all the others to start eating with you. You also have to say “please” and “thank you” every time you ask for and get something. If you don’t like some food, don’t make faces and don’t say: “Yuk! I hate that!” In all the cultures it is impolite to speak when you are eating. The best way to avoid making mistakes in other countries is to watch the host and try to do as he does. 1. What are the normal table manners in Japan? List two manners.     1    (列举2项，不超过15词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Places Table Manners England Don’t lift the soup plate.     2     (仅填1词) Guests keep hands on the table. Arab countries Don’t eat with     3    (不超过3词) Ukraine Wait for others and say “    4    ”(不超过4词) 3. What table manners should a foreigner know when dining in China?     5     (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Day 14 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 连词so...that/as soon as/unless + -ed/-ing 形容词辨析（解析版） 连词so...that/as soon as/unless + -ed/-ing 形容词辨析 一、核心语法板块 1：三组连词用法梳理 1. so ... that（如此…… 以至于……，结果状语从句） 结构：so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 完整句子，that 后引出主句动作带来的结果 例句（教材原句）：No, that's so formal that we don't do it these days. 翻译：那太过正式，以至于我们如今不会这么做了 2. as soon as（一…… 就……，时间状语从句） 用法：引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现（主句将来时，从句一般现在时表将来），描述两个动作紧接着发生 例句（教材原句）：In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. 翻译：在日本，我们一见到老师就会鞠躬 3. unless（除非；如果不，条件状语从句） 等价转换：unless = if ... not，引导否定条件 例句（教材原句）：Don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. 翻译：除非主人要求，否则不要带食物 连词句式合并例题答案（教材 4b） 1.答案见课本 2.In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home. 3.In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 4.In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. 5.In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless you know him or her well. 二、核心语法板块 2：-ed 形容词与 - ing 形容词辨析（surprised/surprising；interested/interesting） 基础区分规则 1.-ed 结尾形容词（surprised/interested/embarrassed）：主语通常是人，表达人自身感到…… 的（主观感受） 例：I was surprised by your bow. 我对你鞠躬这件事感到诧异 2.-ing 结尾形容词（surprising/interesting/embarrassing）：修饰事物、事件，表达事物本身令人…… 的（客观属性） 例：That's surprising! 这事很让人诧异 教材对照例句 人作主语：Don’t look so embarrassed! 别看起来这么窘迫！（人的感受） 事物作主语：But it is embarrassing! 但这件事本身很让人尴尬！（事件属性） 三、4c 语篇填空答案（结合以上语法） Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is so different from your own that you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this as soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really surprising to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. It’s so interesting to discover cultural differences like this! 作者来自德国（Germany） 四、高频句式结构汇总（填空 / 写作必背） 1.so + adj. + that 从句（表结果） 仿写：The rule is so strict that few people follow it. 主句 + as soon as + 时间从句（表动作先后） 仿写：I will greet him as soon as I see him. 2.主句否定 + unless 条件从句（= if 条件否定） 仿写：You cannot enter unless you show your ID card. 3.人 + be + -ed 形容词（感受）；事物 + be + -ing 形容词（属性） 仿写：I felt bored. / The movie was boring. 五、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：unless 和 if not 转换 原句：Don’t go out unless it stops raining. 同义句：Don’t go out if it does not stop raining. ⚠️ 注意 unless 本身自带否定含义，从句不要再额外加否定词 易错点 2：so…that 中间只能加形容词 / 副词，不可直接接名词 ✅ so formal that…（formal 形容词） ❌ so a formal custom that…（错误，接名词要用 such…that） 易错点 3：-ed/-ing 主语判断误区 主语是人，不一定全用 - ed：如果描述这个人 “让人觉得怎样”，也要用 - ing 例：He is interesting. 他这个人很有趣（他人对他的评价） 核心判断：自身感受用 - ed，外物带给人的感受用 - ing 易错点 4：as soon as 时态 描述将来动作：主句将来时，从句只用一般现在时 ✅ I will call you as soon as I arrive. ❌ I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 六、配套教材典型例句复盘 1.so…that：No, that's so formal that we don't do it these days. 2.as soon as：we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. 3.unless：don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. 4.-ed 形容词：I was surprised by your bow. 5.-ing 形容词：That's surprising! / It is embarrassing! 单项选择。 ( )1. The custom is ______ strange ______ few foreigners know about it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ( )2. I will send you a message ______ I reach the airport. A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. until ( )3. You can’t enter the museum ______ you show your student ID. A. as soon as B. so C. unless D. when ( )4. We felt ______ when we heard the ______ cultural differences between countries. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprising ( )5. The trip to foreign countries is ______ fun ______ all of us enjoy it a lot. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; that ( )6. Tom ______ a handshake with the guest as soon as he ______ him tomorrow. A. will give; meets B. gives; will meet C. will give; will meet D. gives; meets ( )7. Unless you ______ polite to local people, they ______ unfriendly to you. A. are; are B. aren’t; will be C. are; will be D. aren’t; are ( )8. The little boy was ______ at the ______ table manners in foreign countries. A. embarrassing; embarrassed B. embarrassed; embarrassing C. embarrassed; embarrassed D. embarrassing; embarrassing ( )9. This rule is ______ strict ______ most tourists can’t follow it well. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that ( )10. —When will you call me? —I will call you ______ I arrive at the foreign restaurant. A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. before ( )11. You won’t learn about foreign culture well ______ you travel abroad by yourself. A. as soon as B. if C. unless D. when ( )12. The show about cross-culture was ______ amazing ______ nobody wanted to leave early. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to ( )13. ______ the moment she sees her Japanese pen pal, she ______ a deep bow. A. As soon as; will make B. As soon as; makes C. Unless; will make D. Unless; makes ( )14. I find it ______ that different countries have totally different table rules, and I am really ______ in them. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested ( )15. We can’t take off our shoes here ______ the host tells us to do so. A. as soon as B. unless C. so that D. though 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.B 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A（25-26八下全国课后作业） soon, strong, use, culture, curious, startle, unless, shock, interest, careful Jack is an exchange student from Canada. He enjoys traveling to different countries and he never misses any chance to try new things     1     he is ill. As     2     as he arrives in China, he feels excited and     3     about everything here. He finds that Chinese people often     4     body language to show their feelings. He is so     5     by it that he asks his classmates for help. His classmates tell him many cultural differences between China and Western countries. Jack listens     6     and tries to remember them. He finds that Chinese people are not     7     to show their feelings directly. He is     8     by this difference at first, but later he learns to understand it. Jack also learns that different countries have different     9     traditions. He thinks it’s important to respect them. Day by day, he becomes more and more     10     in Chinese culture and decides to stay longer. 【答案】【小题 1】unless【小题 2】soon【小题 3】curious【小题 4】use 【小题 5】shocked【小题 6】carefully【小题 7】strong【小题 8】startled 【小题 9】cultural【小题 10】interested 【导语】本文介绍了加拿大交换生 Jack 在中国的经历与感受，讲述了他初到中国时的好奇、对文化差异的观察与适应过程，以及他对中国文化的兴趣逐渐加深的故事。 【小题 1】句意：他喜欢去不同国家旅行，除非他生病了，否则他从不错过任何尝试新事物的机会。这里需要一个引导条件状语从句的连词，表示 “除非，如果不”，unless 符合语境。 【小题 2】句意：他一到中国，就感到很兴奋，并且对这里的一切都感到好奇。固定搭配 as soon as 表示 “一…… 就……”，用来引导时间状语从句，应填 soon。 【小题 3】句意：他一到中国，就感到很兴奋，并且对这里的一切都感到好奇。curious about 是固定搭配，意为 “对…… 感到好奇”，此处用形容词 curious 与前面的 excited 并列，描述 Jack 初到中国的心情。 【小题 4】句意：他发现中国人经常用肢体语言来表达自己的感受。句子缺少谓语动词，主语 Chinese people 为复数，时态为一般现在时，use 作谓语，符合 “用肢体语言表达感受” 的语义。 【小题 5】句意：他对此感到非常惊讶，于是向他的同学们求助。固定搭配 be shocked by 表示 “对…… 感到震惊 / 惊讶”，此处用过去分词形式的形容词 shocked，作表语描述 Jack 的感受。 【小题 6】句意：杰克认真地听着，并努力把它们记下来。句子需要一个副词修饰动词 listens，方框中的形容词 careful 需变为副词形式 carefully，表示 “认真地听”，符合语境。 【小题 7】句意：他发现中国人并不强烈倾向于直接表达自己的感受。此处需用方框内的形容词 strong，表示 “强烈的”，契合 “不倾向于直接表达感受” 的文化差异语境。 【小题 8】句意：一开始他对这种差异感到很震惊，但后来他学着去理解它。结合上下文，此处延续 Jack 对文化差异的感受，用 startle 构成 be startled by 搭配，表示 “被这种差异震惊”，符合语境逻辑。 【小题 9】句意：杰克还了解到，不同的国家有着不同的文化传统。句子需要一个形容词修饰名词 traditions，方框中的名词 culture 需变为形容词形式 cultural，表示 “文化传统”。 【小题 10】句意：日复一日，他对中国文化越来越感兴趣，并决定多待一段时间。固定搭配 become interested in 表示 “对…… 感兴趣”，此处用形容词 interested，描述 Jack 对中国文化态度的变化。 B（24-25八下广东中山期中）  请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 without, hard, they, culture, feel, agree, really, because, way, people, easy, take Do you often say “sorry” to others? Many people think saying “sorry” is the     1     way to apologize. But in Canada, it’s different. Canadians think that “sorry” is the most common word to use in     2     country. Why do Canadians apologize so much, even when they don’t need to? That’s     3     saying “sorry” is a part of Canadian culture. It shows that they’re polite and they’re trying to be nice. Also, many foreigners     4     that Canada is a polite country, so Canadians may try to protect that idea. For many Canadians, they apologize even     5     thinking. For example, a Canadian will probably say “sorry” first when someone hurts him by accident in the street! Why? Because in Canadians’ opinion, it’s often     6     to say “sorry” than to shout at someone or to have a fight. So, whatever happens, saying “sorry” is one of the greatest     7     to stay out of trouble. We should also realize that when Canadians say “sorry”, that doesn’t always mean they are     8     sorry. Sometimes, apologizing just means they know some bad things happened and     9     sad to hear about the bad news, not meaning they think they made mistakes. Is Canadian     10     interesting? How do you use “I’m sorry” in your country? Please tell us. We are happy to know about it! 【答案】【小题 1】hardest【小题 2】their【小题 3】because【小题 4】agree 【小题 5】without【小题 6】easier【小题 7】ways【小题 8】really 【小题 9】feel【小题 10】culture 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大文化中 “频繁说 sorry” 的特殊社交现象。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：很多人认为说 “对不起” 是道歉最难的方式。下文表示加拿大 “频繁说 sorry”，此处用 “很多人认为道歉是最困难的” 的反差形成对比，定冠词 the 之后，需填形容词最高级 hardest。 【小题 2】句意：加拿大人认为 “对不起” 是他们国家最常用的词。设空处修饰名词 country，需填形容词性物主代词指代他们的国家，用 their。 【小题 3】句意：那是因为说 “对不起” 是加拿大文化的一部分。前文用 Why 提问原因，此处用 because 引导表语从句，构成固定句型 That’s because...“那是因为……”。 【小题 4】句意：此外，很多外国人都认同加拿大是一个礼貌的国家，因此加拿大人会努力维护这一形象。“Canadians may try to protect that idea” 表明很多外国人都认同加拿大是一个礼貌的国家。设空处为谓语动词，主语 many foreigners 为复数，句子为一般现在时，agree“认同、同意” 符合语境。 【小题 5】句意：对很多加拿大人来说，他们甚至不假思索就会道歉。设空处需填介词，without thinking 是固定搭配，意为 “不假思索、毫不犹豫”，完美匹配后文 “被撞反而先道歉” 的例子。 【小题 6】句意：因为在加拿大人看来，说 “对不起” 往往比对某人大喊大叫或打架要容易得多。设空处位于 is 之后，且有 than 提示比较级，需填形容词比较级。easy “容易的” 其比较级为 easier，解释了加拿大人频繁道歉的核心动机。 【小题 7】句意：所以，无论发生什么事，说 “对不起” 是避免麻烦的最好方式之一。此处是指 “sorry” 是避免麻烦的最好方式之一，固定结构 “one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，意为 “最…… 之一”。way “方式” 的复数形式为 ways，符合语法结构。 【小题 8】句意：我们也应该意识到，当加拿大人说 “对不起” 时，这并不总是意味着他们真的感到抱歉。根据 “not meaning they think they make mistakes” 可知，加拿大人说 “sorry” 时，并不总是意味着他们真的感到抱歉。设空处修饰形容词 sorry，需填副词 really“真正地、确实地”。 【小题 9】句意：有时候，道歉只是意味着他们知道发生了不好的事，听到坏消息感到难过，而不是意味着他们认为自己犯了错。“hear about the bad news” 表明，听到坏消息会感到难过。feel sad 意为 “感到难过”，设空处与 know 并列，作 means 的宾语从句的谓语，主语为 they，需填动词原形。 【小题 10】句意：加拿大文化有趣吗？设空处位于形容词 Canadian 之后，需填名词。结合全文围绕加拿大的 “道歉文化” 展开，culture “文化” 符合语境。 C（25-26八下全国课后作业） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。   Last month, I visited my Chinese friend Xiao Wei for the first time. Before dinner, he gave me some advice on Chinese table manners. He said, “Don’t stick your chopsticks     1     a bowl of rice. It is considered very rude.” I thought that was     2     (surprise) because in my country we don’t have that custom. When we sat down at the table, I felt a little     3     (confuse). There were many shared dishes in the middle. Xiao Wei told me, “You should use the serving chopsticks     4     (take) food from the shared dishes.” I tried my best     5     (follow) his advice. During the meal, I wanted to reach for a dish that was far away. Xiao Wei     6     (quiet) said, “Don’t stand up to reach for food. Just ask someone     7     (pass) it to you.” So I did as he said. After dinner, I thanked Xiao Wei’s parents and said that everything was delicious. They were very happy. Xiao Wei told me, “You did a great job     8     a guest.” I learned that good table manners are very important     9     you want to show respect to the host. Now I am more confident when I eat with Chinese friends. I     10     (real) enjoy learning about different cultures! 【答案】【小题 1】into【小题 2】surprising【小题 3】confused【小题 4】to take 【小题 5】to follow【小题 6】quietly【小题 7】to pass【小题 8】as【小题 9】if/when【小题 10】really 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次拜访中国朋友小伟时，学习中国餐桌礼仪的经历，通过多个细节展现了不同文化的餐桌习俗差异，体现了尊重文化差异的重要性。 【小题 1】句意：不要把筷子插在米饭碗里。stick...into... 意为 “把…… 插入…… 中”，固定搭配，应用介词 into。 【小题 2】句意：我觉得那很令人惊讶，因为在我的国家没有这个习俗。空格前为 “was”，应用形容词作表语；主语 “that” 指代前文提到的 “习俗” 这一事物，修饰事物需用形容词 surprising “令人惊讶的”，而不是修饰人的 surprised。 【小题 3】句意：当我们坐在餐桌旁时，我感到有点困惑。空格前为系动词 “felt”，后接形容词作表语；主语 “I” 指人，修饰人需用形容词 confused “感到困惑的”，而不是修饰事物的 confusing。 【小题 4】句意：你应该用公筷从共享的盘子里夹菜。use sth. to do sth. 意为 “用某物做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。 【小题 5】句意：我尽最大努力听从他的建议。try one’s best to do sth. 意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定搭配，应用动词不定式 to follow。 【小题 6】句意：小伟轻声说：“不要站起来够食物。” 空格后为动词 “said”，应用副词修饰动词，quiet 的副词形式为 quietly “轻声地”。 【小题 7】句意：就让别人把它递给你。ask sb. to do sth. 意为 “请求某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 【小题 8】句意：你作为客人做得很好。空格后为 “a guest”，意为 “作为一名客人”，应用介词 as。 【小题 9】句意：我明白了，如果你想向主人表示尊重，良好的餐桌礼仪非常重要。“you want to show respect to the host” 是 “good table manners are very important” 的条件，应用 if 引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”；也可以用 when 引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 的时候”。 【小题 10】句意：我真的很喜欢了解不同的文化！空格后为动词 “enjoy”，应用副词修饰动词；real 的副词形式为 really “真正地”，在句中作状语。 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 D（25-26八下全国课后作业）  Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is     1     (difference) from your own. You might feel surprised when you see new customs. Some of them are so formal     2     you don’t know how to act. For example, in some countries, people don’t kiss each other on the cheek     3     they are good friends. You should take off your shoes as     4     as you enter someone’s home. Being late is common in some places, but in others, it’s considered rude. You should be patient and not expect people     5     (be) on time all the time. Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude in some Asian countries. You should avoid     6     (do) it. When learning about new cultures, it’s natural to feel     7     (embarrass) sometimes. But it is     8     (interest) to discover cultural differences. As you learn more, you will become more curious and     9     (interest) in the new culture. You will soon find that it is not so hard to understand different ways of life. It is     10     (surprise) how much you can learn when you keep an open mind. 【答案】【小题 1】different【小题 2】that【小题 3】unless【小题 4】soon【小题 5】to be 【小题 6】doing【小题 7】embarrassed【小题 8】interesting【小题 9】interested 【小题 10】surprising 【导语】本文介绍了文化冲击的概念，并举例说明了在不同文化中可能遇到的习俗差异，强调了以开放心态理解和适应新文化的重要性。 【小题 1】句意：当你体验一种新文化时可能会感受到它，因为新文化与你自身的文化不同。固定搭配 be different from 意为 “与…… 不同”，此处需将名词 difference 变为形容词 different 作表语。 【小题 2】句意：有些习俗太过正式，以至于你不知道该怎么做。固定句型 so...that... 意为 “如此…… 以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填 that。 【小题 3】句意：例如，在一些国家，人们不会互相亲吻脸颊，除非他们是好朋友。根据逻辑关系，“不亲吻脸颊” 是以 “是好朋友” 为条件，用 unless 表示 “除非”，故填 unless。 【小题 4】句意：你一进入别人家就应该脱掉鞋子。固定搭配 as soon as 意为 “一…… 就……”，引导时间状语从句，故填 soon。 【小题 5】句意：你应该有耐心，不要指望人们一直准时。固定搭配 expect sb. to do sth. 意为 “期待 / 指望某人做某事”，故填 to be。 【小题 6】句意：你应该避免那样做。固定用法 avoid doing sth. 意为 “避免做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，故填 doing。 【小题 7】句意：在学习新文化时，有时感到尴尬是很自然的。本句为 “It is + 形容词 + to do sth.” 固定句式，其中 it 作形式主语，不定式短语为真正主语。feel 为感官系动词，后接形容词作表语。embarrassed 为 - ed 形容词，侧重描述人的主观心理状态，意为 “感到尴尬的”，此处用于形容人的内心感受，故填 embarrassed。 【小题 8】句意：但发现文化差异是很有趣的。本句同样为 “It is + 形容词 + to do sth.” 句式，it 作形式主语，真正主语是后置的不定式事件。interesting 为 - ing 形容词，侧重描述事物或事件本身的性质，意为 “有趣的”，此处用于修饰 “发现文化差异” 这件事，故填 interesting。 【小题 9】句意：随着你了解更多，你会变得更加好奇，并对新文化更感兴趣。本句中，and 连接两个并列的表语成分，主语 You 为人。interested 为 - ed 形容词，侧重描述人的主观心理状态，意为 “感兴趣的”，常与介词 in 搭配表示 “对…… 感兴趣”，故填 interested。 【小题 10】句意：当你保持开放心态时，能学到的东西之多令人惊讶。本句中 it 作形式主语，后置的 how much you can learn 为主语从句，作句子真正主语。surprising 为 - ing 形容词，侧重描述事物或事件本身的性质，意为 “令人惊讶的”，此处用于修饰这件事，故填 surprising。 完形填空。 A(25-26八下甘肃陇南期末） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I visited my pen pal in Peru. Before I left, I read about local     1    , but I still felt a little nervous. The culture was so     2     that I experienced culture shock from the moment I arrived. As soon as I got off the plane, people stood very close to me on the bus, even though there was     3     space. In Germany, we usually don’t stand close to someone     4     we know them very well. That was really surprising to me. Later, I     5     that in Peru, standing close is a sign of friendliness. I also noticed that people often greet each other with a kiss on the cheek. At first I felt     6     because I didn’t know when to do it. But after a week, I got used     7     the custom. One day, a friend invited     8     to dinner. I brought a small gift—some flowers. My friend was very happy. She said, “You are so kind! But next time, don’t     9     flowers because they are for funerals (葬礼) here.” Oops! I made a     10    . Now I understand that learning about another culture goes a long way. 1. A．customs B．stories C．postcards D．wonders 2. A．usual B．common C．similar D．different 3. A．plenty of B．a lot C．little D．no 4. A．so B．unless C．when D．because 5. A．warned B．suffered C．learned D．received 6. A．excited B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．bored 7. A．to B．for C．at D．with 8. A．him B．her C．you D．me 9. A．sell B．bring C．refuse D．press 10. A．difference B．mistake C．call D．Decision 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】D【小题 3】A【小题 4】B【小题 5】C【小题 6】C 【小题 7】A【小题 8】D【小题 9】B【小题 10】B 【导语】本文讲述了作者去秘鲁拜访笔友时，因文化差异经历文化冲击，最终理解并适应当地习俗的故事。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：离开前，我阅读了关于当地习俗的资料，但我还是感到有点紧张。 根据 local 及后文提到的文化冲击可知，出发前了解的是当地习俗，customs “习俗” 符合语境，其他选项与准备旅行语境不符。 【小题 2】句意：文化差异如此之大，以至于我从抵达的那一刻起就经历了文化冲击。 后文 “culture shock” 说明文化差异大才会产生冲击，different “不同的” 符合语境，usual “通常的”，common “常见的”，similar “相似的” 无法引起文化冲击。 【小题 3】句意：我一上飞机，尽管有足够的空间，人们还是站得离我很近。 even though 表转折，说明有大量空间却站得近，且 space 为名词，需用 plenty of “大量的” 修饰。a lot 语法缺 of，其他选项逻辑上无需转折。 【小题 4】句意：在德国，除非我们非常熟悉对方，否则通常不会站得很近。 根据上文 “don’t stand close to someone...we know them very well” 可知，前后是反条件关系，unless “除非” 符合语境。so “因此”、when“当…… 时”、because “因为”，不具备反向条件逻辑。 【小题 5】句意：后来，我了解到在秘鲁，站得近是友好的标志。 根据后文解释习俗含义可知，作者是学到了新知识，learned “了解到” 符合认知过程。 【小题 6】句意：起初我感到很尴尬，因为我不知道什么时候该这样做。 根据下文 “didn’t know when to do it” 可知，作者不知道什么时候该这样做，内心窘迫尴尬，embarrassed “尴尬的” 符合。excited “兴奋的”、relaxed “放松的”、bored “无聊的”，情感色彩不符。 【小题 7】句意：但一周之后，我习惯了这项风俗。 固定短语 get used to 意为 “习惯于”，to 是固定搭配介词，其他介词搭配错误。 【小题 8】句意：一天，一位朋友邀请我吃晚饭。 全文第一人称 I 叙述可知，朋友邀请的是作者自己，me 符合第一人称视角。 【小题 9】句意：但是下次不要送花，因为在这儿鲜花是用于葬礼的。 根据前文 “brought a small gift” 可知，此处指下次不要带花，bring “带” 与前文动作呼应。 【小题 10】句意：哎呀！我犯了一个错误。 前文朋友说鲜花是用于葬礼的，说明作者送错了礼物，犯了错误，make a mistake “犯错误”。difference “差别”，call “打电话”，decision “决定”，不符合前文语境。 B（25-26八下河南开封期末） Manners are very important in our daily life. There are many different     1     and habits among different countries. We must find out and follow their customs, or we may meet some     2     situations. Here are some examples of     3     manners. If you visit a Chinese family, you should knock at the door first. When the door opens, you will not     4     before the host says, “Come in, please.” After you enter the room, you should not sit down     5     the host asks you to. When a cup of tea is given to you , you should say “Thank you” and     6     it with two hands. Before entering a house in Japan, it is good manners to     7     your shoes. In England, a visitor always finishes the food to show that he enjoys it. The host will be     8     with that. But if you do that in Russia, the host will think you are really     9    . You have to give your present in public in the Middle East. But it’s good manners to give your present in a(n)     10     way in Asia. “Come any time” means “I want you to visit me” in India. If you don’t suggest a time at once, the Indians will think you are     11     the invitation. But if an Englishman says “Come any time”, he doesn’t really     12     that. They will think you are impolite if you start fixing a time (定时间). It’s very important to arrive early for the party in Germany. But in Paris it’s     13     to arrive on time or a few minutes late. Arriving early may cause problems. Sometimes these customs are     14    , and you may make mistakes. But when you start to understand people from other     15     groups, they will understand you too. 1. A．customs B．games C．books D．hobbies 2. A．embarrassing B．exciting C．interesting D．amazing 3. A．improper B．rude C．friendly D．proper 4. A．answer B．leave C．speak D．move 5. A．and B．because C．unless D．but 6. A．receive B．pull C．touch D．lift 7. A．put on B．take off C．take away D．put up 8. A．patient B．happy C．angry D．strict 9. A．polite B．curious C．hungry D．thirsty 10. A．private B．open C．simple D．new 11. A．refusing B．forgetting C．accepting D．changing 12. A．hate B．mean C．ask D．serve 13. A．formal B．uncommon C．regular D．normal 14. A．funny B．relaxing C．confusing D．interesting 15. A．official B．cultural C．natural D．magical 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】A【小题 3】D【小题 4】D【小题 5】C【小题 6】A 【小题 7】B【小题 8】B【小题 9】C【小题 10】A【小题 11】A【小题 12】B 【小题 13】D【小题 14】C【小题 15】B 【导语】本文主要介绍不同国家的礼仪习俗差异，通过具体例子说明遵守当地习俗的重要性，以避免尴尬情况发生。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：不同国家之间有许多不同的习俗和习惯。 根据下文列举的各国礼仪，可知是 “习俗” 不同，应选用 customs。games “游戏”，books “书”，hobbies “爱好”，均不符合语境。 【小题 2】句意：我们必须了解并遵守他们的习俗，否则可能会遇到尴尬的情况。 不了解习俗可能会导致 “尴尬的” 情况，应选用 embarrassing。exciting “令人兴奋的”，interesting “有趣的”，amazing “令人惊奇的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 3】句意：以下是一些得体礼仪的例子。 根据下文介绍的都是正确的礼仪做法，应选用 proper 表示 “恰当的、得体的”。improper “不恰当的”，rude “粗鲁的”，friendly “友好的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 4】句意：门打开时，你不会在主人说 “请进” 之前移动。 根据语境，进入别人家前应先等主人邀请，不应擅自 “移动” 进入，应选用 move。answer “回答”，leave “离开”，speak “说话”，均不符合语境。 【小题 5】句意：进入房间后，除非主人请你坐下，否则你不应该坐下。 根据 “should not sit down... the host asks you to”，可知是 unless 引导的条件状语从句，符合 “除非主人请你坐下，否则你不应该坐下” 的语境。and 表并列，because 表原因，but 表转折，均不符合逻辑关系。 【小题 6】句意：当别人给你一杯茶时，你应该说 “谢谢”，并用双手接过。 根据 “with two hands”，可知是接茶的动作。receive 表示 “接收、接过”，符合接茶的语境。pull “拉”，touch “触摸”，lift “举起”，均不符合语境。 【小题 7】句意：在日本，进屋前脱鞋是礼貌的。 根据日本习俗，进屋需要脱鞋。take off 表示 “脱掉”，符合脱鞋的语境。put on “穿上”，take away “拿走”，put up “张贴”，均不符合语境。 【小题 8】句意：客人把食物吃完表明他很享用饭菜，主人会对此感到高兴。 客人吃完食物，主人会 “高兴”，应选用 happy。patient “耐心的”，angry “生气的”，strict “严格的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 9】句意：但如果你在俄罗斯这样做，主人会认为你真的很饿。 根据语境，俄罗斯人认为把食物吃完意味着客人没吃饱，应选用 hungry 表示 “饥饿的”。polite “礼貌的”，curious “好奇的”，thirsty “口渴的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 10】句意：但在亚洲，以私下方式赠送礼物是礼貌的。 根据上文 “in public in the Middle East” 作对比，亚洲应是在 “私下” 赠送，应选用 private。open “公开的”，simple “简单的”，new “新的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 11】句意：如果你不立刻敲定到访时间，印度人会认为你在拒绝邀请。 根据上文，印度人说 “随时来” 是真心希望对方来访，因此对方若不及时确定具体时间，印度人会理解为 “拒绝” 邀请。refuse the invitation 表示 “拒绝邀请”，refusing 符合语境。forgetting “忘记”，accepting “接受”，changing “改变”，均不符合语境。 【小题 12】句意：但如果一个英国人说 “随时来”，他并不是真的那个意思。 根据上文，英国人的 “随时来” 只是一种客套话，并非真正的邀请，因此他们并不 “意味着” 随时会来。mean 表示 “意思是”，符合语境。hate “讨厌”，ask “问”，serve “服务”，均不符合语境。 【小题 13】句意：但在巴黎，准时或晚几分钟是正常的。 上文提到 “在德国参加派对早到很重要”，和本句 “但在巴黎……” 形成对比，说明巴黎的习俗不同 —— 准时或稍晚到是 “正常的”。normal 表示 “正常的”，符合语境。formal “正式的”，uncommon “不常见的”，regular “定期的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 14】句意：有时这些习俗会让人困惑，你可能会犯错。 根据上文各国礼仪不同，有时会 “令人困惑”，应选用 confusing。funny “有趣的”，relaxing “放松的”，interesting “有趣的”，均不符合语境。 【小题 15】句意：但当你开始理解来自其他文化群体的人时，他们也会理解你。 根据全文主题，文章一直在讨论不同国家之间的文化差异和礼仪习俗，因此此处指的是 “文化群体”，应用 cultural。official “官方的”，natural “自然的”，magical “神奇的”，均不符合 “不同国家礼仪差异” 的主题。 阅读理解。 A（25-26八下海南期末） 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A．Before midday. B．At 5:00 p. m. C．Around 7 p. m. or even later. 2. Western people use ________ to eat most food. A．knives and forks B．chopsticks C．spoons 3. What will a host (主人) say to a guest at the start of a meal? A．“Eat slowly!” B．“Help yourself!” C．“Could you serve me?” 4. When might people want to say “I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”? A．If the hosts give something they don’t like. B．If the hosts keep offering a lot of food to them. C．If they are full and don’t want to eat more. 5. According to the passage, which is right when you’re in the West? A．You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. B．You can leave as soon as you finish eating. C．You should watch the others and do as they do. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】A【小题 3】B【小题 4】A【小题 5】C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍西方餐桌礼仪，涵盖用餐时间、上菜礼仪、拒食表达、进食工具、餐后规矩以及核心就餐准则，详细讲解在西方就餐时需要遵守的各类行为规范。 【详解】 【小题 1】Meal time 部分提到 “Dinner=around 7 p.m. or even later”，这直接说明西方人通常晚上 7 点左右甚至更晚吃晚餐。 【小题 2】How to eat food 部分表明 “Knives and forks are used for most food”，说明西方人吃大部分食物都会使用刀叉。 【小题 3】Being served 部分指出 “At the start of a meal: A guest will be invited to serve himself ( ‘Help yourself!’ )”，用餐刚开始时主人会对客人说 “Help yourself!”。 【小题 4】Refusing food 部分说明 “Given something you don’t like?...I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”，这句话用来表达不喜欢主人端上来的食物。 【小题 5】The golden rule 部分提到 “Watch the other people. Do as they do!”，说明观察其他人，并按照他们的做法去做是正确的。 B（25-26八下辽宁锦州期末） When you eat at a nice restaurant in a different country, it’s important to know some table manners. Different cultures have different ways of eating. For example, in China, people often use chopsticks to eat. But in India, some people eat with their hands. However, in formal restaurants, you should always use utensils (餐具) unless you are told it’s okay to use your hands. It can be confusing to know all the rules. Just remember to sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table. Don’t reach over someone else’s plate. That might be considered impolite. If you need something, ask politely. Also, remember to use serving chopsticks when you share food with others. This shows respect. In some places, making noise while eating is okay, but in others, it is not. So, try to watch what others are doing. If you are not sure what to do, just follow the local people. Being polite and respectful is the key to enjoying a meal in a new culture. By learning these small things, you can avoid feeling that your behaviour is improper and show that you care about other cultures. So next time you eat out, remember these tips and enjoy your meal! 1. According to the passage, what should you use when sharing food with others? A．Your own chopsticks B．Serving chopsticks C．Your hands D．Different plates 2. What does the underlined word “confusing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Easy B．difficult to understand C．Interesting D．simple to follow 3. We can infer from the text that _________. A．people in India never use any utensils for meals B．it is always polite to make noises while eating abroad C．putting elbows on the dinner table is not proper D．you can cross others to get food easily at table 4. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A．Different eating habits in different countries B．Why people should respect foreign cultures C．Useful table manners tips when eating abroad D．How to use chopsticks correctly in restaurants 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】B【小题 3】C【小题 4】C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在国外不同文化背景下用餐时需要注意的餐桌礼仪，包括使用公筷、坐姿、不越过他人盘子等具体建议，并强调礼貌和尊重的重要性。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据第二段中 “Also, remember to use serving chopsticks when you share food with others.” 可知，分享食物时应使用公筷（serving chopsticks）。 【小题 2】根据第二段首句 “It can be confusing to know all the rules.” 以及下文列举的各种不同文化的餐桌礼仪可知，了解所有的规则是令人困惑的、难以理解的。选项 B “difficult to understand”（难以理解）符合语境。 【小题 3】根据第二段中 “Just remember to sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table.” 可推断，把手肘放在餐桌上是不恰当的。选项 A 与第一段 “some people eat with their hands” 及后文正式场合需用餐具矛盾；选项 B 与第三段 "in others, it is not" 矛盾；选项 D 与第二段 “Don’t reach over someone else’s plate” 矛盾。 【小题 4】通读全文可知，文章第一段引出不同国家的饮食礼仪，第二段和第三段具体介绍了在国外就餐时的注意事项和建议（如坐姿、公筷、观察当地人等），最后一段总结学习这些礼仪的好处。因此，文章的主旨是关于在国外就餐时有用的餐桌礼仪建议。 C（25-26八下吉林期末）  ①In today’s world, cultural exchange is more important than ever. It helps to build bridges between different cultures. How does cultural exchange happen? ②One of the simplest ways is through food. Eating a country’s traditional dishes can give you a taste of its culture. For example, sushi is a popular Japanese dish and it is also welcomed around the world. It shows the culinary culture of Japan and introduces many cooking skills and cooking arts. ③Language is another key point. Learning a new language opens doors to a country’s history, literature, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas. ④Art and music are further examples of how culture is shared and developed. International film festivals and music concerts allow artists to show their works to people around the world. This encourages artists from different places to work together. ⑤Cultural exchange also plays an important role in education. Study-abroad programs and international student exchanges give students a direct experience of another culture. These experiences can open up a new world to students. ⑥In a word, the growth of cultural exchange allows us to experience our colourful world. As we continue to share and learn about each other’s culture, we build a closer and more understanding global (全球的) community. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of learning foreign languages. B．Different ways of cultural exchange and their benefits. C．The history of sushi and other traditional dishes. D．How to study abroad successfully. 2. What is the underlined word “culinary” in Paragraph 2 probably about? A．About cooking. B．About art. C．About skills. D．About Japanese culture. 3. What can learning a new language help you to do, according to the passage? A．Understand a country’s history, literature, and ideas. B．Taste traditional dishes from other countries. C．Make friends with artists from around the world. D．Get a certificate for studying abroad. 4. How do international film festivals and music concerts help cultural exchange? A．They teach people film and music skills. B．They make artists share their works with the world. C．They encourage people to learn new languages. D．They give students chances to study abroad. 5. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】A【小题 3】A【小题 4】B【小题 5】A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，采用总分总结构。第一段总起，点明文化交流十分重要并引出文化交流的实现途径；第二至五段分别从美食、语言、艺术音乐、教育四个方面介绍文化交流的不同方式与好处；最后一段总结文化交流带来的积极意义。 【详解】 【小题 1】文章先引出文化交流，再分述四种不同的文化交流途径及其益处，对应 B 选项 “不同的文化交流方式及其好处”。 【小题 2】第二段围绕各国传统美食展开，后文提到 cooking skills（烹饪技巧），可推断 culinary 和烹饪相关。 【小题 3】第三段原文 “Learning a new language opens doors to a country’s history, literature, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas.”，学习新语言能帮助我们了解一个国家的历史、文学与思想。 【小题 4】第四段原文 “International film festivals and music concerts allow artists to show their works to people around the world.”，国际电影节和音乐会让艺术家向全世界分享作品，以此推动文化交流。 【小题 5】文章结构：①总起段；②③④⑤四个分述段落；⑥总结段，对应树形结构 A。  阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求） （25-26八下湖北黄冈期末） Table manners are very different in every country. For example, when you are in England, you must not lift your soup plate to your mouth. This is very impolite. But when you are in Japan, this is completely normal. Lifting your plate to your mouth in Japan is a traditional way of drinking soup. And also in Japan you don’t have to worry about making a noise when you drink it. It just shows that you really like the food! But it is not the same in Britain, so you shouldn’t make a noise when eating there. In Britain, people don’t put their hands or arms on the table during the meal. But in Mexico, guests keep their hands on the table all the time. In fact, you should watch what your hands do very carefully. In Arab countries, it is impolite when you eat with your left hand, so don’t do it! In Ukraine you should not start eating first; you should wait for all the others to start eating with you. You also have to say “please” and “thank you” every time you ask for and get something. If you don’t like some food, don’t make faces and don’t say: “Yuk! I hate that!” In all the cultures it is impolite to speak when you are eating. The best way to avoid making mistakes in other countries is to watch the host and try to do as he does. 1. What are the normal table manners in Japan? List two manners.         (列举2项，不超过15词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Places Table Manners England Don’t lift the soup plate.          (仅填1词) Guests keep hands on the table. Arab countries Don’t eat with        (不超过3词) Ukraine Wait for others and say “        ”(不超过4词) 3. What table manners should a foreigner know when dining in China?          (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 【答案】【小题 1】Lifting the plate and making a noise 【小题 2】Mexico ；the left hand ；please and thank you 【小题 3】We should wait for elders to eat first./ We must use public chopsticks.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪差异及注意事项。【详解】【小题 1】文章第一段提到 “Lifting your plate to your mouth in Japan is a traditional way of drinking soup.” 以及 “And also in Japan you don’t have to worry about making a noise when you drink it.”，说明在日本端起盘子喝汤和发出声音是正常的。题目要求列举两项且不超过 15 词，整理后得到答案。 【小题 2】根据表格第二行对应的描述 “Guests keep hands on the table.”，文章第二段找到对应句子 “But in Mexico, guests keep their hands on the table all the time.”，说明在墨西哥客人会一直把手放在桌子上，答案是原文直接信息。根据表格第三行 Arab countries 对应的描述，文章第二段提到 “In Arab countries, it is impolite when you eat with your left hand, so don’t do it!”，说明在阿拉伯国家用左手吃饭是不礼貌的，答案是原文直接信息。根据表格第四行 Ukraine 对应的描述，文章第三段提到 “You also have to say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ every time you ask for and get something.”，说明在乌克兰请求或得到东西时要说 “请” 和 “谢谢”，答案是原文直接信息。 【小题 3】本题为开放性试题。结合自身实际，例如在中国我们通常要等长辈先动筷子。故回答：We should wait for elders to eat first.（或者：We must use public chopsticks. 等言之有理的答案均可）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $