2026-2027学年新人教版暑假单词突破营 DAY 16（对照百词斩必修第二册）

暑假单词突破营DAY 16

一、核心词汇（2026新人教版必修二）

alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. 警报器，警报；惊恐，忧虑；v. 使惊恐，使忧虑

rate /reɪt/ n. 速度，速率；率，比率

rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ n. 等级，级别

extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 灭绝的

extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝

mass /mæs/ adj. 大量的；广泛的；n. 团，块，堆

habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 栖息地，住处

aware /əˈweə/ adj. 意识到的；知道的

aware of /əˈweər ɒv/ phr. 意识到，知道

endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒə/ vt. 危及，危害

average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；通常的

on average平均，通常

prince /prɪns/ n. 王子；王孙；亲王

make progress 取得进步

concern /kənˈsɜːn/ v. 涉及；使担忧；n. 担心；关心的事

concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 担心的；关心的，关切的；担忧的

concerned about 关心，挂念

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活的；居住的；在用的；n. 生活，生计

adapt /əˈdæpt/ v. 适应；改编

adapt to （使）适应；适应，适合于

measure /ˈmeʒə/ v. 量，测量；计量；估量；n. 措施，方法

authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/ n. 权威，威信；当局，官方

pressure /ˈpreʃə/ n. 压力；要求

under pressure 面临压力

protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护（DAY 8）

effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力（DAY 9）

factor /ˈfæktə/ n. 因素（DAY 10）

preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护；保存（DAY 12）

promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 促进；推广（DAY 12）

appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ v. 欣赏；感激（DAY 12）

 

二、高频固定搭配与词族拓展

【核心搭配】

alarm clock —— 闹钟

at an alarming rate —— 以惊人的速度

rate of extinction —— 灭绝速度

extinct species —— 灭绝的物种

a mass of —— 大量的……

natural habitat —— 自然栖息地

be aware of —— 意识到，知道

on average —— 平均，通常

make progress —— 取得进步

concerned about —— 关心，挂念

adapt to —— 适应

adapt oneself to —— 使自己适应

take measures to do —— 采取措施做某事

under pressure —— 面临压力

pressure ... to do —— 迫使……做……

【词形变换】（括号内为中文释义）

alarm (n./v. 警报；使惊恐) → alarming (adj. 令人惊恐的) → alarmed (adj. 感到惊恐的)

extinct (adj. 灭绝的) → extinction (n. 灭绝)

mass (adj./n. 大量的；团) → massive (adj. 巨大的；大规模的)

aware (adj. 意识到的) → awareness (n. 意识)

endanger (v. 危及) → danger (n. 危险) → dangerous (adj. 危险的)

average (n./adj. 平均) → averaging (v. 平均达到)

concern (v./n. 涉及；关心) → concerned (adj. 担心的) → concerning (prep. 关于)

adapt (v. 适应) → adaptation (n. 适应；改编)

measure (v./n. 测量；措施) → measurement (n. 测量)

pressure (n. 压力) → press (v. 按压；逼迫)

三、短文翻译练习（原文三篇，请翻译成中文）

Passage 1 · 动物灭绝的危机

On average, dozens of species become extinct every day. This extinction rate is truly alarming. Many animals are endangered because their natural habitats are being destroyed. A mass of forests and wetlands have disappeared due to human activities. We must be aware of this serious problem. Local authorities have taken measures to protect wildlife, but more effort is needed. Many people are concerned about the future of these animals. They make progress in promoting awareness through education. Scientists measure the rate of extinction and adapt their strategies to preserve biodiversity. However, the pressure on ecosystems continues to grow. Under pressure from economic development, some governments give way to short-term interests rather than long-term protection. In my opinion, this is a dangerous factor that could lead to more extinction. We should appreciate the value of every living creature and preserve their habitats. Throughout history, many species have died out, but this time, humans are the main cause. We must identify the problems and take action immediately.

Passage 2 · 适应与生存

To survive, animals must adapt to changes in their environment. Those that cannot adapt quickly may face extinction. On average, it takes thousands of years for a species to evolve, but human activities have sped up this process dramatically. A mass of research shows that habitat loss is the main cause of extinction. We should be aware of the importance of protecting natural ecosystems. Scientists have measured the rate of species loss and found it alarming. Some authorities have established protected areas, but these measures are often not enough. Under pressure from population growth and economic development, more effort is needed. Prince Albert of Monaco, for example, has been concerned about ocean protection and has made progress in promoting marine conservation. His work shows that even one person can make a difference. We should also adapt our own lifestyles to preserve the planet. In comparison with the past, we now have more digital tools to monitor wildlife. However, technology alone cannot solve the problem. A change in attitude is the key factor. Everyone should be concerned about the future of our planet and take part in protection efforts.

Passage 3 · 人与自然的平衡

As human beings, we share this planet with millions of other living things. We must learn to live in harmony with nature. On average, a person‘s daily choices can have a mass impact on the environment. We should be aware of how our actions affect wildlife. For example, buying products from illegal hunting can endanger species and lead to their extinction. We should adapt our shopping habits and choose sustainable products. Governments should take measures to protect natural habitats and promote green development. Under pressure from environmental groups, many companies have made progress in reducing pollution. The authorities have

also issued stricter laws to prevent damage to ecosystems. This is a worthwhile effort that benefits everyone. In my opinion, the most important factor is public awareness. When people are concerned about the environment, they appreciate nature more and are willing to preserve it. Let us adapt to a more sustainable lifestyle and promote a greener future. Even if the challenge seems huge, every small action counts. Together, we can protect our planet for generations to come.

四、选词填空（两组，每组10空，请从各自方框中选择并适当形式填空）

Group A
alarm, rate, rating, extinct, extinction, mass, habitat, aware, aware of, endanger, average, on average

1. The __________ of the rainforest are being destroyed by human activities.
2. Many animals are __________ because of pollution and hunting.
3. We should be __________ the importance of protecting wildlife.
4. The __________ of tigers in this area has increased rapidly.
5. The __________ of this restaurant is five stars.
6. __________, a person uses about 150 litres of water per day.
7. The __________ of the fire alarm made everyone leave the building.
8. If we don‘t take action, these animals may face __________.
9. __________ media coverage helped raise public awareness of the issue.
10. She is __________ that she needs to study harder to pass the exam.

Group B
prince, make progress, concern, concerned, concerned about, living, adapt, adapt to, measure, authority, pressure, under pressure

11. The __________ are taking steps to protect the environment.
12. Many students feel __________ during exam week.
13. The government has taken __________ to reduce pollution.
14. It is important to __________ changes in the environment.
15. The __________ of Monaco is known for his environmental work.
16. She is deeply __________ her children‘s safety.
17. Animals need to __________ their new surroundings.
18. Over the past year, we have __________ in our studies.
19. His only __________ is to finish the project on time.
20. All __________ things depend on clean water and air.

五、单词填空（共15小题，含首字母填空和单句语法填空）

Part A 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词）

21. The a__________ of the fire made everyone run out of the building.
22. We should be a__________ of the dangers of smoking.
23. The e__________ of many animals is caused by human activities.
24. The government should take m__________ to protect the environment.
25. The prince is c__________ about the future of the rainforest.
26. Animals must a__________ to changes in their environment.

27. The p__________ of work is making him feel tired.
28. The a__________ temperature in summer is about 30°C.

Part B 单句语法填空（用所给词的正确形式填空）

29. The __________ (alarm) news made everyone worried.
30. The __________ (extinct) of the dinosaurs happened millions of years ago.
31. The government should __________ (measure) the air quality regularly.
32. She has __________ (make) great progress in her English studies.
33. The __________ (concern) parents waited anxiously for their children.
34. We should __________ (adapt) ourselves to the new environment.
35. The __________ (press) of exams is affecting many students.

六、单词默写（汉译英）

警报器；使惊恐 __________

速度，速率 __________

等级，级别 __________

灭绝的 __________

灭绝 __________

大量的；团 __________

栖息地 __________

意识到的 __________

意识到（短语） __________

危及，危害 __________

平均数；平均的 __________

平均，通常（短语） __________

王子 __________

取得进步（短语） __________

涉及；担心 __________

担心的；关心的 __________

关心，挂念（短语） __________

活的；生活 __________

适应 __________

（使）适应（短语） __________

测量；措施 __________

权威；当局 __________

压力 __________

面临压力（短语） __________

保护（DAY 8） __________

努力（DAY 9） __________

因素（DAY 10） __________

保护；保存 __________

促进；推广 __________

欣赏；感激 __________