精品解析：广东深圳市龙岗区龙城高级中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2025—2026学年度第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Clean Energy: The Future Is Here Nearly a century ago, Thomas Edison envisioned using the sun’s boundless energy. Today, that vision is a reality. “Clean energy” covers various technologies — here are five ways to use virtually limitless power sources: CLEAN ENERGY SOLAR Solar panels have become less expensive and more efficient in recent years. That’s making it more competitive with other technologies and driving a rapid growth in solar adoption. WIND Wind machines produce the lowest-priced renewable energy. In places with enough wind, it can be cost-competitive without government allowance, and it may even be cheaper than fossil fuels. BIOMASS Biomass (生物质) energy originates from living or recently living organisms — everything from forest residue to algae and switchgrass. GEOTHERMAL Geothermal (地热) energy taps into the internal heat of the earth — from hot water just below the ground to steam produced much further down. WATERPOWER Falling or running water is one of the oldest energy sources in the world. When sustainably designed, it can be a reliable clean energy. Technological innovations and new financing methods are making renewable energy more accessible than ever before. As a result, these energy sources are expected to account for half of our global energy mix by 2030. Here are the details: Renewable Energy Generation: 2012 vs. 2030 / TWh “I’d put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don’t have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that,” Thomas Edison said in 1931. His far-sighted idea has become real progress — the world’s shift to renewable energy is growing fast. This helps the world meet its increasing power needs in a more sustainable way, and build a cleaner, healthier, and brighter future. 1. Which type of clean energy has the lowest cost? A. Solar. B. Wind. C. Waterpower. D. Geothermal. 2. How much is the expected growth in biomass generation from 2012 to 2030? A. 3,100 TWh. B. 3,646 TWh. C. 4,000 TWh. D. 4,900 TWh. 3. Why does the author quote Edison? A. To warn of the energy shortage. B. To honor his great contributions. C. To appreciate the evolution of energy. D. To reflect the crucial role of coal at his time. B Kyle Lybarger, often dressed in camo (迷彩服), doesn’t look like a typical social media influencer. Yet, as a forest worker in Alabama, he has found unexpected internet fame by introducing his followers to the overlooked world of southeastern plants. Today, he acts as a guardian for growing rare and endangered plant populations. Ironically, his conservation journey began with an ecological mistake. A decade ago, while managing a private forest, Lybarger wanted to attract more deer and wild turkeys. He chose an open, rocky area, deciding it would be a good place to plant food for wildlife. He used herbicide (除草剂) to clear existing plants, sowing a foreign seed fix. In the dry, shallow soil, the seeds didn’t take. But around the edges of the land, where he hadn’t used herbicide, a breathtaking picture of colorful, unfamiliar native flowers came into view in the sunlight. After Lybarger posted the photos of the flowers online, a local botanist reached out, identifying the flowers as rare species. Lybarger realized he had nearly killed off an area with a wild seed bank of countless species just to plant a few foreign ones. “That’s really a light bulb moment (灵光一闪),” he recalls. He recognized this reflected a common human tendency to dominate rather than coexist with nature. Diving into research, he learned that before human settlement, the Southeast was home to expansive grasslands. Over the centuries, human development and fire control allowed foreign trees choked out the once-diverse grasslands, killing native species. Finding a new mission, Lybarger now knocks on doors to instruct landowners who are unknowing hosts of rare plants to care for those populations. He also uses his massive online platform to raise funds to protect biodiversity. His secret sauce, which immediately carried like wildfire across the nation, is his genuine passion. Lybarger’s story proves that true environmental protection begins when we stop rewriting nature and learn to read it. 4. What made the native flowers come out? A. Herbicide-free soil. B. Wildlife waste. C. Foreign-seed removal. D. Sufficient sunlight. 5. What does Lybarger’s “light bulb moment” indicate? A. He found a new planting trick. B. He doubted the expert’s words. C. He decided to study botany. D. He regretted human intervention. 6. What does Lybarger’s current work involve? A. Building online platforms. B. Selling his secret sauce for money. C. Learning conservation rules. D. Educating landowners on rare plants. 7. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. A Campaign Redefines Nature. B. A Mistake Awakens a Guardian. C. Secrets to Growing Native Plants. D. Hidden Wealth of Vast Grasslands. C Hundreds of teenagers have walked in through the doors of Britain’s National Centre for Gaming Disorders since it opened. Lately, however, it has admitted a small but steady stream of different patients — 67 people over the age of 40. The oldest, addicted to games on her smartphone, was 72. As today’s 60-somethings enter retirement, time spent on smart devices is shooting up. “They are increasingly living their lives through their phones, the way teenagers sometimes do”, says Dr. Ipsit Vahia. The elderly have long been champion television-watchers. Now, however, the newly retired are the most enthusiastic adopters of digital devices. Combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than young adults. In countries where the trend is most advanced, people are starting to worry about elderly smartphone users in the same way that they worry about teens. A study in South Korea estimated that 15% of those aged 60 to 69 were at risk of phone addiction. Research from Japan found screen time was associated with less physical activity among the elderly, while a survey in China linked it to worse sleep. With more screen time, older people face some online risks that teenagers do not. Their phones and tablets are often linked to bank accounts. In-game purchases can empty wallets, and bad guys can rob victims within the same app. Moreover, they also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day, teachers police teens’ phone usage, while parents do the reminding in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses and may not have someone to guide them towards help. Yet an increase in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming kills the time. Spotify and YouTube serve as a reminder of childhood, bringing back music and videos. For better or worse, seniors’ screen time has much further to grow. 8. What trend does the text mainly highlight? A. Seniors are using IT devices more than youths. B. Screen use is rising among older adults. C. Uncontrolled gaming is emerging as a concern. D. Internet is reshaping the retirement life. 9. What concern is raised about elderly smartphone users? A. They may become socially separated. B. Their phone use limits their activities. C. They are unaware of digital addiction. D. Their screen use affects their health. 10. What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. Greater personal freedom heightens digital risks. B. Older adults are the main target of online crimes. C. Financial links on digital devices cause money loss. D. External guidance prevents unsafe online behavior. 11. Why are messaging apps and media platforms mentioned? A. To show benefits of screen use. B. To explain seniors’ preferences. C. To stress entertainment choices. D. To predict future screen growth. D A common element found in table salt may hold the key to powering the next wave of electric vehicles (EVs). Most EVs in the world today are powered by lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries, which perform differently in cold and warm weather. In low temperatures, most lithium-ion batteries would deliver only a very small fraction of their original capacity unless the pack has an active heating system. Batteries store and release energy by moving charged particles (粒子) between electrodes, the two ends of a battery, through an electrolyte, a substance that allows electricity to move; cold temperatures make those processes inactive. To address the issue, a leading battery producer says its sodium-ion (钠离子) pack can keep charging and delivering power far below freezing. As the name implies, sodium-ion batteries replace lithium with sodium, an element found widely in salts. Although sodium ions are larger, they form weaker bonds with the liquid electrolyte than lithium does. This allows them to move much more easily than lithium ions, even when the cold thickens the electrolyte. Consequently, while cold weather slows all ions down, sodium-based systems are less affected, preserving more power and capacity in winter. Laboratory data suggest that at -30℃, this battery can deliver nearly three times the discharge power of equivalent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, the cheap, standard-range batteries that dominate the EV market. It can charge to 90 percent full when the temperature drops to -40℃ and achieves “stable power delivery” at -50℃ in test conditions. Still, the young supply chain means manufacturing these batteries is currently about 30 percent more expensive, realistically pushing mass production toward the end of this decade. “We should be looking into lowering the cost while maintaining their strong performance at low temperatures,” says Phate Zhang, an EV news founder. 12. What do we know about lithium-ion EVs? A. They need much higher maintenance fees. B. Their power system can be unstable sometimes. C. Their power output might be affected by the cold. D. They lose capacity in extreme weather conditions. 13. Why do sodium-ion batteries work better in cold weather? A. They move much faster than lithium ones. B. They are larger and more active in the electrolyte. C. Their electrolyte stays less affected by low temperatures. D. They interact more weakly with the electrolyte than lithium ions do. 14. How does the author show the superiority of sodium-ion batteries? A. By quoting experts. B. By analyzing causes. C. By describing a process. D. By making comparisons. 15. What is Phate Zhang’s suggestion about? A. Possible direction for future study. B. Choice of new research methods. C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the finding. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The rush home for the Spring Festival’s festivities each year, known as the chunyun, is a cultural moment in China. Many recall hard-won tickets, long queues, crowded trains, and shared snacks with strangers. ____16____ But changes in the chunyun show new social trends in China. China’s population is shrinking, yet the holiday travel rush keeps growing. Officials monitor travel over a 40-day period around the break and expect a record of 9.5 billion trips this year, up from 8.4 billion in 2024. ____17____ Although visiting family and friends remains the primary purpose, many travelers now also make time for tourism during the chunyun. Modes of transport are shifting, too. Officials estimate that four-fifths of people use private transport, including cars and vans. And train travel is getting more popular. A decade ago, 11% of journeys that used commercial transport involved a train; last year, this stood at 28%. This time the share is expected to be higher as China’s high-speed rail network continues to expand. ____18____ Much travel still takes place east of the Heihe-Tengchong line, which geographers use to divide China into its densely and sparsely (稀疏地) populated parts. But calculations show that the share of trips taking place within a province was up. It all suggests that China is developing regional economic groups, and migration mostly takes place within these. ____19____ One of the busiest routes was from Xi’an to Xianyang, a city of about 4 million people, just 24 km away. ____20____ China is starting to allow electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (垂直升降飞机) for commercial use as part of its push for a “low-altitude economy”. One company based in Shanghai has started offering flights to nearby cities this year, allowing people to take to the air for destinations just a short hop away. A. Travel during the chunyun will continue to evolve. B. Many cannot afford to board the speediest trains, however. C. There were 2,000km of track in 2010 and 50,000km at the end of 2025. D. Such scenes once captured a true picture of how millions traveled home. E. One factor behind the rise is that trips are no longer just about family reunions. F. The most popular journeys connect big economic centers and their satellite cities. G. Given testing economic conditions, holidaymakers are spending less than they did before. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I never really noticed my father’s hands until I was leaving for college. They were rough, covered with calluses (老茧) , and marked with tiny scars. For years, those hands had been the ____21____ of our family, working quietly behind the scenes. As a carpenter, he spent his days ____22____ wood into furniture. But to me, he was just “Dad” — the man who came home smelling of sawdust. That final morning, as he helped load my suitcase into the car, I watched him struggle with the zipper (拉链) . His thick fingers, so ____23____ at handling heavy tools, fumbled (笨拙地操作) with the small metal tab. It was a small moment, but it ____24____ me. It suddenly hit me that the hands that could build a bookshelf couldn’t ____25____ a simple suitcase zipper. There was a profound irony (讽刺) in that image: the ____26____ between his professional capability and this small personal failure. During the long drive, I sat in the back, ____27____ him from a new perspective. I noticed how he gripped the steering wheel, his knuckles white. I thought about all the ____28____ those hands had lifted — the lumber, the tools, the financial burden of raising a family. They had never ____29____ a heavy load. When we finally arrived and said our goodbyes, he gave me a quick, firm hug. Then, he did something ____30____. He took my hand, placed it in his, and just held it for a second. His palm was a landscape of rough terrain against my smooth skin. In that silent ____31____, I felt the weight of his unspoken love — a love that was never about words, but about ____32____. It was the love of a man who showed his heart not through poetry, but through the things he built and the family he ____33____. Years later, when people ask me what love looks like, I don’t describe ____34____ or grand gestures. I simply close my eyes and ____35____ my father’s hands — strong, scarred, and full of a devotion that words could never capture. 21. A. tools B. backbone C. symbol D. decoration 22. A. transforming B. forcing C. dividing D. cheating 23. A. eager B. clumsy C. skilled D. disappointed 24. A. comforted B. confused C. entertained D. struck 25. A. fix up B. pick up C. give up D. cut up 26. A. importance B. evidence C. connection D. contrast 27. A. ignoring B. teaching C. observing D. leaving 28. A. weights B. praises C. doubts D. notes 29. A. sought B. shared C. demanded D. avoided 30. A. unexpected B. stupid C. boring D. harmful 31. A. argument B. debate C. gesture D. complaint 32. A. promises B. actions C. apologies D. gifts 33. A. found B. left C. supported D. controlled 34. A. roses B. money C. houses D. clothes 35. A. forget B. picture C. wash D. hide 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At a strawberry farm in Nanjing, a shopping-cart-sized machine moves slowly between strawberry plants, with a camera on it scanning the surroundings and locking onto a ripe strawberry. Once a target ____36____ (identify), the robotic arm extends the flexible gripper (抓爪) toward the fruit. After a light pull and turn, a stem-free strawberry is ____37____ (neat) picked and placed into a basket. Developed by Wang Xiaochuan’s team from Nanjing Agricultural University, the robot takes about 20 seconds per pick with an 84% success rate, and the ____38____ (harvest) strawberries remain in almost perfect condition. While farmers would like to use machines during harvest ____39____ (boost) efficiency and cut costs, picking delicate fruits like strawberries has long posed ____40____ significant challenge. Earlier picking robots used scissors to cut the stem (the long thin part of a plant), leaving a section attached to the fruit, and often causing damage during transport. ____41____ (bad) still, workers had to remove the remaining stems ____42____ hand before boxing the strawberries, so robots didn’t truly free human labor. Inspired by how sea anemones (海葵) feed, the team designed a soft silicone (硅胶) gripper, ____43____ can completely wrap around strawberries of various sizes and shapes, and grasp them with stability and ____44____ (gentle). The robot’s motion lets the stem connection point break naturally, so the strawberry is ready to be boxed and sold without further processing. This approach applies not only to strawberries but also to other soft fruits and vegetables, ____45____ (advance) China’s intelligent agriculture. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校正在推行“健康第一，人人运动”校园体育计划。请你为校英文报写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.具体做法； 2.收获与变化。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Health First, Sports for All ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mr. and Mrs. Lee moved into the apartment next door in early September. At first, we exchanged polite smiles when passing by, but things changed soon. My younger brother, Tom, was crazy about playing the drums. He’d been dreaming of joining the school’s music band and practiced hard every evening right after finishing his homework, usually from 5 pm to 6 pm. He said the loud beats helped him release stress from a day of studying. However, our thin apartment walls turned his practice sessions into a headache for the Lees. Mrs. Lee worked night shifts at the hospital. She relied on the afternoons to sleep and recharge for the next shift, but the drumbeats would wake her up repeatedly. Mr. Lee, a freelance writer who worked from home, needed complete quiet to focus on his stories, but the constant “boom-boom-boom” would break his train of thought. We didn’t notice their trouble at first; Tom always closed his bedroom door when practicing, and we thought that would reduce the noise enough. One Tuesday evening, Mr. Lee knocked on our door. His face looked serious, and I could tell he was upset. “I’m sorry to bother you,” he said, “but the drum noise has been making it hard for my wife to rest and me to work. We’ve tried closing the windows, but it still doesn’t help much.” My parents apologized immediately, but Tom felt wronged. He argued that he only practiced for an hour each day and had nowhere else to play. For the next few days, the atmosphere between our two families became awkward. We stopped greeting each other, and the walls seemed to grow thicker. Deciding to fix the situation, my mom baked a plate of chocolate cookies — Mrs. Lee’s favorite, which we learned from a casual chat before — and asked Tom and me to take them to the Lees. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When we arrived, Mrs. Lee opened the door with a surprised look. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a discussion, they agreed on a new schedule for drum practice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Clean Energy: The Future Is Here Nearly a century ago, Thomas Edison envisioned using the sun’s boundless energy. Today, that vision is a reality. “Clean energy” covers various technologies — here are five ways to use virtually limitless power sources: CLEAN ENERGY SOLAR Solar panels have become less expensive and more efficient in recent years. That’s making it more competitive with other technologies and driving a rapid growth in solar adoption. WIND Wind machines produce the lowest-priced renewable energy. In places with enough wind, it can be cost-competitive without government allowance, and it may even be cheaper than fossil fuels. BIOMASS Biomass (生物质) energy originates from living or recently living organisms — everything from forest residue to algae and switchgrass. GEOTHERMAL Geothermal (地热) energy taps into the internal heat of the earth — from hot water just below the ground to steam produced much further down. WATERPOWER Falling or running water is one of the oldest energy sources in the world. When sustainably designed, it can be a reliable clean energy. Technological innovations and new financing methods are making renewable energy more accessible than ever before. As a result, these energy sources are expected to account for half of our global energy mix by 2030. Here are the details: Renewable Energy Generation: 2012 vs. 2030 / TWh “I’d put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don’t have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that,” Thomas Edison said in 1931. His far-sighted idea has become real progress — the world’s shift to renewable energy is growing fast. This helps the world meet its increasing power needs in a more sustainable way, and build a cleaner, healthier, and brighter future. 1. Which type of clean energy has the lowest cost? A. Solar. B. Wind. C. Waterpower. D. Geothermal. 2. How much is the expected growth in biomass generation from 2012 to 2030? A. 3,100 TWh. B. 3,646 TWh. C. 4,000 TWh. D. 4,900 TWh. 3. Why does the author quote Edison? A. To warn of the energy shortage. B. To honor his great contributions. C. To appreciate the evolution of energy. D. To reflect the crucial role of coal at his time. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了太阳能、风能、生物质能、地热能、水能共五种清洁能源的特点，结合数据对比了2012年与2030年各类清洁能源的发电量，指出全球能源向清洁能源转型是必然趋势，清洁能源将带来更洁净可持续的未来。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章表格中风能“WIND”板块的内容“Wind machines produce the lowest-priced renewable energy. (风力发电机产出价格最低的可再生能源。)”可知，风能是成本最低的清洁能源。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。结合图表数据可知，生物质能“Biomass”2012年发电量为900TWh，2030年预期发电量为4000TWh，经计算增长量为4000-900=3100TWh。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nearly a century ago, Thomas Edison envisioned using the sun’s boundless energy. Today, that vision is a reality. (近一个世纪以前，托马斯·爱迪生就构想了利用太阳的无尽能源，如今这个构想已经成为现实。)”，结合文章最后一段“His far-sighted idea has become real progress — the world’s shift to renewable energy is growing fast. (他富有远见的想法已经变成了实际的进展，世界向可再生能源的转型正在加速。)”可推知，作者引用爱迪生的话是为了彰显从过去构想到现在实现的能源发展，表达对能源发展演变的认可。 B Kyle Lybarger, often dressed in camo (迷彩服), doesn’t look like a typical social media influencer. Yet, as a forest worker in Alabama, he has found unexpected internet fame by introducing his followers to the overlooked world of southeastern plants. Today, he acts as a guardian for growing rare and endangered plant populations. Ironically, his conservation journey began with an ecological mistake. A decade ago, while managing a private forest, Lybarger wanted to attract more deer and wild turkeys. He chose an open, rocky area, deciding it would be a good place to plant food for wildlife. He used herbicide (除草剂) to clear existing plants, sowing a foreign seed fix. In the dry, shallow soil, the seeds didn’t take. But around the edges of the land, where he hadn’t used herbicide, a breathtaking picture of colorful, unfamiliar native flowers came into view in the sunlight. After Lybarger posted the photos of the flowers online, a local botanist reached out, identifying the flowers as rare species. Lybarger realized he had nearly killed off an area with a wild seed bank of countless species just to plant a few foreign ones. “That’s really a light bulb moment (灵光一闪),” he recalls. He recognized this reflected a common human tendency to dominate rather than coexist with nature. Diving into research, he learned that before human settlement, the Southeast was home to expansive grasslands. Over the centuries, human development and fire control allowed foreign trees choked out the once-diverse grasslands, killing native species. Finding a new mission, Lybarger now knocks on doors to instruct landowners who are unknowing hosts of rare plants to care for those populations. He also uses his massive online platform to raise funds to protect biodiversity. His secret sauce, which immediately carried like wildfire across the nation, is his genuine passion. Lybarger’s story proves that true environmental protection begins when we stop rewriting nature and learn to read it. 4. What made the native flowers come out? A. Herbicide-free soil. B. Wildlife waste. C. Foreign-seed removal. D. Sufficient sunlight. 5. What does Lybarger’s “light bulb moment” indicate? A. He found a new planting trick. B. He doubted the expert’s words. C. He decided to study botany. D. He regretted human intervention. 6. What does Lybarger’s current work involve? A. Building online platforms. B. Selling his secret sauce for money. C. Learning conservation rules. D. Educating landowners on rare plants. 7. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. A Campaign Redefines Nature. B. A Mistake Awakens a Guardian. C. Secrets to Growing Native Plants. D. Hidden Wealth of Vast Grasslands. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述一名林业工人因一次生态失误醒悟，转而守护本土珍稀植物、践行环保的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But around the edges of the land, where he hadn’t used herbicide, a breathtaking picture of colorful, unfamiliar native flowers came into view in the sunlight. (但在这片土地边缘、未曾喷洒除草剂的区域，绚烂多姿、鲜为人知的本土野花在阳光下竞相绽放，景色美不胜收。)”可知，是未使用除草剂的土壤让本土野花得以生长。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Lybarger realized he had nearly killed off an area with a wild seed bank of countless species just to plant a few foreign ones. “That’s really a light bulb moment (灵光一闪),” he recalls. He recognized this reflected a common human tendency to dominate rather than coexist with nature. (Lybarger意识到，自己只为种植少许外来植物，险些毁掉这片蕴藏无数物种野生种子库的土地。他回忆道：“那一刻我幡然醒悟。” 他认识到，这折射出人类普遍的习性：总想主宰自然，而非与自然和谐共生。)”可知，Lybarger的“灵光一闪”时刻表明他后悔人类对自然的干预。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Finding a new mission, Lybarger now knocks on doors to instruct landowners who are unknowing hosts of rare plants to care for those populations. (找到了新的使命，Lybarger现在挨家挨户地指导那些不知道自己是稀有植物主人的土地所有者照顾这些植物种群。)”可知，Lybarger目前的工作包括教育土地所有者关于稀有植物的知识。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“Yet, as a forest worker in Alabama, he has found unexpected internet fame by introducing his followers to the overlooked world of southeastern plants. Today, he acts as a guardian for growing rare and endangered plant populations. Ironically, his conservation journey began with an ecological mistake. (然而，这位阿拉巴马州的林业工人，凭借向粉丝介绍鲜为人知的东南部植物意外走红。如今，他致力于守护珍稀濒危植物。颇具讽刺的是，他的环保之路，始于一次生态失误。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Kyle Lybarger因一次生态失误幡然醒悟，从此投身珍稀植物保护，成为自然守护者的故事。选项B“一个错误唤醒了一位守护者”准确概括了文章核心，是文章的最佳标题。 C Hundreds of teenagers have walked in through the doors of Britain’s National Centre for Gaming Disorders since it opened. Lately, however, it has admitted a small but steady stream of different patients — 67 people over the age of 40. The oldest, addicted to games on her smartphone, was 72. As today’s 60-somethings enter retirement, time spent on smart devices is shooting up. “They are increasingly living their lives through their phones, the way teenagers sometimes do”, says Dr. Ipsit Vahia. The elderly have long been champion television-watchers. Now, however, the newly retired are the most enthusiastic adopters of digital devices. Combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than young adults. In countries where the trend is most advanced, people are starting to worry about elderly smartphone users in the same way that they worry about teens. A study in South Korea estimated that 15% of those aged 60 to 69 were at risk of phone addiction. Research from Japan found screen time was associated with less physical activity among the elderly, while a survey in China linked it to worse sleep. With more screen time, older people face some online risks that teenagers do not. Their phones and tablets are often linked to bank accounts. In-game purchases can empty wallets, and bad guys can rob victims within the same app. Moreover, they also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day, teachers police teens’ phone usage, while parents do the reminding in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses and may not have someone to guide them towards help. Yet an increase in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming kills the time. Spotify and YouTube serve as a reminder of childhood, bringing back music and videos. For better or worse, seniors’ screen time has much further to grow. 8. What trend does the text mainly highlight? A. Seniors are using IT devices more than youths. B. Screen use is rising among older adults. C. Uncontrolled gaming is emerging as a concern. D. Internet is reshaping the retirement life. 9. What concern is raised about elderly smartphone users? A. They may become socially separated. B. Their phone use limits their activities. C. They are unaware of digital addiction. D. Their screen use affects their health. 10. What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. Greater personal freedom heightens digital risks. B. Older adults are the main target of online crimes. C. Financial links on digital devices cause money loss. D. External guidance prevents unsafe online behavior. 11. Why are messaging apps and media platforms mentioned? A. To show benefits of screen use. B. To explain seniors’ preferences. C. To stress entertainment choices. D. To predict future screen growth. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国老年人使用智能设备的时间大幅增加这一现象，分析了由此带来的健康、财产风险，同时也提及了使用智能设备给老年人带来的积极影响。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“As today’s 60-somethings enter retirement, time spent on smart devices is shooting up.(如今60多岁的人步入退休生活，他们花在智能设备上的时间正在急剧增加。)”和第三段中的“Combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than young adults.(把看电视和使用智能设备的时间加在一起，退休年龄人群每天的屏幕使用时间比年轻人还要多。)”可知，本文重点强调的趋势是老年人的屏幕使用时间正在不断上升。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Research from Japan found screen time was associated with less physical activity among the elderly, while a survey in China linked it to worse sleep.(日本的一项研究发现，屏幕使用时间与老年人运动量减少有关，而中国的一项调查则将其与睡眠质量变差联系起来。)”可知，人们对老年人使用智能手机提出的担忧是他们的屏幕使用会影响身体健康。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“With more screen time, older people face some online risks that teenagers do not. Their phones and tablets are often linked to bank accounts. In-game purchases can empty wallets, and bad guys can rob victims within the same app. Moreover, they also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day, teachers police teens’ phone usage, while parents do the reminding in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses and may not have someone to guide them towards help.(随着屏幕使用时间的增加，老年人面临着一些青少年没有的在线风险。他们的手机和平板电脑通常与银行账户相关联。游戏内购买可能会掏空钱包，坏人可以在同一个应用程序内抢劫受害者。此外，他们还缺乏规范青少年屏幕使用时间的社会约束。白天，老师监督青少年使用手机，晚上父母提醒。相比之下，老年人是自己做主，可能没有人引导他们寻求帮助。)”可推知，老年人有更大的个人自由，这使得他们面临更高的数字风险。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet an increase in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming kills the time. Spotify and YouTube serve as a reminder of childhood, bringing back music and videos.(然而，老年人屏幕使用时间的增加并非全是坏事。即时通讯应用拉近了家人之间的距离，游戏可以打发时间，Spotify和YouTube平台能让人想起童年，带回熟悉的音乐和视频。)”可知，文章提到即时通讯应用和媒体平台是为了说明屏幕使用带来的好处。故选A项。 D A common element found in table salt may hold the key to powering the next wave of electric vehicles (EVs). Most EVs in the world today are powered by lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries, which perform differently in cold and warm weather. In low temperatures, most lithium-ion batteries would deliver only a very small fraction of their original capacity unless the pack has an active heating system. Batteries store and release energy by moving charged particles (粒子) between electrodes, the two ends of a battery, through an electrolyte, a substance that allows electricity to move; cold temperatures make those processes inactive. To address the issue, a leading battery producer says its sodium-ion (钠离子) pack can keep charging and delivering power far below freezing. As the name implies, sodium-ion batteries replace lithium with sodium, an element found widely in salts. Although sodium ions are larger, they form weaker bonds with the liquid electrolyte than lithium does. This allows them to move much more easily than lithium ions, even when the cold thickens the electrolyte. Consequently, while cold weather slows all ions down, sodium-based systems are less affected, preserving more power and capacity in winter. Laboratory data suggest that at -30℃, this battery can deliver nearly three times the discharge power of equivalent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, the cheap, standard-range batteries that dominate the EV market. It can charge to 90 percent full when the temperature drops to -40℃ and achieves “stable power delivery” at -50℃ in test conditions. Still, the young supply chain means manufacturing these batteries is currently about 30 percent more expensive, realistically pushing mass production toward the end of this decade. “We should be looking into lowering the cost while maintaining their strong performance at low temperatures,” says Phate Zhang, an EV news founder. 12. What do we know about lithium-ion EVs? A. They need much higher maintenance fees. B. Their power system can be unstable sometimes. C. Their power output might be affected by the cold. D. They lose capacity in extreme weather conditions. 13. Why do sodium-ion batteries work better in cold weather? A. They move much faster than lithium ones. B. They are larger and more active in the electrolyte. C. Their electrolyte stays less affected by low temperatures. D. They interact more weakly with the electrolyte than lithium ions do. 14. How does the author show the superiority of sodium-ion batteries? A. By quoting experts. B. By analyzing causes. C. By describing a process. D. By making comparisons. 15. What is Phate Zhang’s suggestion about? A. Possible direction for future study. B. Choice of new research methods. C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the finding. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了食盐中广泛含有的钠元素可用于制造钠离子电池，该电池相比锂离子电池耐寒能力更强、低温性能更优越，适合严寒环境下的电动汽车使用，但目前生产成本更高，未来需要在控成本的同时保留低温优势。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“In low temperatures, most lithium-ion batteries would deliver only a very small fraction of their original capacity unless the pack has an active heating system.(在低温环境下，除非电池组配有主动加热系统，否则大多数锂离子电池只能输出原本容量的极小一部分。)” 可知，锂离子电动汽车的动力输出会受到寒冷天气的影响。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Although sodium ions are larger, they form weaker bonds with the liquid electrolyte than lithium does.(虽然钠离子体积更大，但它们与液态电解质形成的结合键比锂离子更弱。)”及“This allows them to move much more easily than lithium ions, even when the cold thickens the electrolyte.(这使得它们比锂离子移动起来要容易得多，即便低温让电解液变得黏稠时也是如此。)” 可知，钠离子与电解质的相互作用比锂离子更微弱，因此在寒冷环境中运转表现更好。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Laboratory data suggest that at -30℃, this battery can deliver nearly three times the discharge power of equivalent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, the cheap, standard-range batteries that dominate the EV market.(实验数据表明，在零下30摄氏度时，这款电池的放电功率是同等磷酸铁锂电池的近三倍，而磷酸铁锂电池是主导电动汽车市场的平价标准版电池。)” 可知，作者通过将钠离子电池与锂离子电池进行对比，展现钠离子电池的优越性。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第五段““We should be looking into lowering the cost while maintaining their strong performance at low temperatures,” says Phate Zhang (Phate Zhang表示：“我们应当着手研究降低成本，同时保持其在低温下的优异性能。”)” 可知，Phate Zhang提出了未来研究和发展的努力方向。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The rush home for the Spring Festival’s festivities each year, known as the chunyun, is a cultural moment in China. Many recall hard-won tickets, long queues, crowded trains, and shared snacks with strangers. ____16____ But changes in the chunyun show new social trends in China. China’s population is shrinking, yet the holiday travel rush keeps growing. Officials monitor travel over a 40-day period around the break and expect a record of 9.5 billion trips this year, up from 8.4 billion in 2024. ____17____ Although visiting family and friends remains the primary purpose, many travelers now also make time for tourism during the chunyun. Modes of transport are shifting, too. Officials estimate that four-fifths of people use private transport, including cars and vans. And train travel is getting more popular. A decade ago, 11% of journeys that used commercial transport involved a train; last year, this stood at 28%. This time the share is expected to be higher as China’s high-speed rail network continues to expand. ____18____ Much travel still takes place east of the Heihe-Tengchong line, which geographers use to divide China into its densely and sparsely (稀疏地) populated parts. But calculations show that the share of trips taking place within a province was up. It all suggests that China is developing regional economic groups, and migration mostly takes place within these. ____19____ One of the busiest routes was from Xi’an to Xianyang, a city of about 4 million people, just 24 km away. ____20____ China is starting to allow electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (垂直升降飞机) for commercial use as part of its push for a “low-altitude economy”. One company based in Shanghai has started offering flights to nearby cities this year, allowing people to take to the air for destinations just a short hop away. A. Travel during the chunyun will continue to evolve. B. Many cannot afford to board the speediest trains, however. C. There were 2,000km of track in 2010 and 50,000km at the end of 2025. D. Such scenes once captured a true picture of how millions traveled home. E. One factor behind the rise is that trips are no longer just about family reunions. F. The most popular journeys connect big economic centers and their satellite cities. G. Given testing economic conditions, holidaymakers are spending less than they did before. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了春运出行规模再创新高，折射中国社会深层变迁：从单纯返乡团圆转向“探亲+旅游”模式，区域经济圈内短途流动激增，高铁网络扩张与低空经济试点正悄然重塑全球最大年度人口迁徙的轨迹。 【16题详解】 前文“The rush home for the Spring Festival’s festivities each year, known as the chunyun, is a cultural moment in China. Many recall hard-won tickets, long queues, crowded trains, and shared snacks with strangers. (每年春节返乡过节的大潮，被称为‘春运’，是中国的一个文化景象。很多人还记得一票难求、排队久候、火车拥挤、与陌生人分享零食的过往画面。)”罗列了人们对传统春运的共同记忆：抢票、排队、拥挤列车等，后文“But changes in the chunyun show new social trends in China. (但春运的种种变化，折射出中国全新的社会发展趋势。)”用But转折引出春运新变化，D选项“Such scenes once captured a true picture of how millions traveled home. (这些场景曾真实捕捉了数百万返乡人的出行样貌。)”中的“such scenes”精准指代前文描述的场景，引出后文，符合逻辑。 【17题详解】 前文“China’s population is shrinking, yet the holiday travel rush keeps growing. Officials monitor travel over a 40-day period around the break and expect a record of 9.5 billion trips this year, up from 8.4 billion in 2024. (中国人口总量正在减少，春节出行热潮却逐年攀升。官方监测春节前后40天的出行数据，预计今年出行总量将达95亿人次，创下新高，高于2024年的84亿人次。)”提到中国人口缩减但春运出行总量持续增长，后文“Although visiting family and friends remains the primary purpose, many travelers now also make time for tourism during the chunyun. (尽管走亲访友仍是首要目的，但如今许多旅客也会趁着春运顺便旅游。)”指出现在很多人春运也会安排旅游，E选项“One factor behind the rise is that trips are no longer just about family reunions. (出行增长背后的一个原因是春运不再只是家庭团聚。)”承接了出行增长的现象，也呼应后文出行目的的变化，逻辑通顺。 【18题详解】 前文“A decade ago, 11% of journeys that used commercial transport involved a train; last year, this stood at 28%. This time the share is expected to be higher as China’s high-speed rail network continues to expand (十年前，商用交通出行中仅有11%选择火车；去年这一比例升至28%。随着中国高铁网络持续扩建，今年火车出行占比预计会继续升高。)”提到高铁网不断扩张，火车出行占比持续升高，C选项“There were 2,000km of track in 2010 and 50,000km at the end of 2025. (2010年有2000公里的轨道，2025年底有5万公里。)”给出了高铁里程增长的具体数据，印证了高铁网的扩张，符合语境。 【19题详解】 前文“But calculations show that the share of trips taking place within a province was up. It all suggests that China is developing regional economic groups, and migration mostly takes place within these. (但数据显示，省内短途出行占比有所上升。这说明中国正在形成区域经济圈，人口流动大多在区域内部进行。)”提到省内出行占比升高，人口流动多在区域经济圈内，后文“One of the busiest routes was from Xi’an to Xianyang, a city of about 4 million people, just 24 km away. (最繁忙的线路之一就是西安到仅有24公里之隔、人口约四百万的咸阳。)”举例说西安到咸阳是最繁忙线路之一，F选项“The most popular journeys connect big economic centers and their satellite cities. (最受欢迎的出行线路连接大型经济中心和它们的卫星城。)”正好衔接前文的区域流动特点，引出后文的例子，符合逻辑。 【20题详解】 根据后文“China is starting to allow electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (垂直升降飞机) for commercial use as part of its push for a “low-altitude economy”. One company based in Shanghai has started offering flights to nearby cities this year, allowing people to take to the air for destinations just a short hop away. (中国大力发展‘低空经济’，开始允许电动垂直起降飞行器投入商业运营。上海一家企业今年已开通飞往周边城市的空中航线，人们可以搭乘飞行器短途空中出行。)”可知，本段介绍了春运出行新方式：商用低空出行的发展，A选项“Travel during the chunyun will continue to evolve. (春运出行将继续发展演变。)”作为段首句总起，引出新的出行变化，符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I never really noticed my father’s hands until I was leaving for college. They were rough, covered with calluses (老茧) , and marked with tiny scars. For years, those hands had been the ____21____ of our family, working quietly behind the scenes. As a carpenter, he spent his days ____22____ wood into furniture. But to me, he was just “Dad” — the man who came home smelling of sawdust. That final morning, as he helped load my suitcase into the car, I watched him struggle with the zipper (拉链) . His thick fingers, so ____23____ at handling heavy tools, fumbled (笨拙地操作) with the small metal tab. It was a small moment, but it ____24____ me. It suddenly hit me that the hands that could build a bookshelf couldn’t ____25____ a simple suitcase zipper. There was a profound irony (讽刺) in that image: the ____26____ between his professional capability and this small personal failure. During the long drive, I sat in the back, ____27____ him from a new perspective. I noticed how he gripped the steering wheel, his knuckles white. I thought about all the ____28____ those hands had lifted — the lumber, the tools, the financial burden of raising a family. They had never ____29____ a heavy load. When we finally arrived and said our goodbyes, he gave me a quick, firm hug. Then, he did something ____30____. He took my hand, placed it in his, and just held it for a second. His palm was a landscape of rough terrain against my smooth skin. In that silent ____31____, I felt the weight of his unspoken love — a love that was never about words, but about ____32____. It was the love of a man who showed his heart not through poetry, but through the things he built and the family he ____33____. Years later, when people ask me what love looks like, I don’t describe ____34____ or grand gestures. I simply close my eyes and ____35____ my father’s hands — strong, scarred, and full of a devotion that words could never capture. 21. A. tools B. backbone C. symbol D. decoration 22. A. transforming B. forcing C. dividing D. cheating 23. A. eager B. clumsy C. skilled D. disappointed 24. A. comforted B. confused C. entertained D. struck 25. A. fix up B. pick up C. give up D. cut up 26. A. importance B. evidence C. connection D. contrast 27. A. ignoring B. teaching C. observing D. leaving 28. A. weights B. praises C. doubts D. notes 29. A. sought B. shared C. demanded D. avoided 30. A. unexpected B. stupid C. boring D. harmful 31. A. argument B. debate C. gesture D. complaint 32. A. promises B. actions C. apologies D. gifts 33. A. found B. left C. supported D. controlled 34. A. roses B. money C. houses D. clothes 35. A. forget B. picture C. wash D. hide 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者回忆父亲粗糙双手感悟父爱深沉且藏于行动之中。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，这些手一直是我们家庭的支柱，在幕后默默工作。A. tools工具；B. backbone支柱；C. symbol象征；D. decoration装饰。根据后文“working quietly behind the scenes”可知，父亲的手默默工作，是家庭的支柱。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名木匠，他每天都在把木头变成家具。A. transforming转变；B. forcing迫使；C. dividing分开；D. cheating欺骗。根据前文“As a carpenter”和后文“wood into furniture”可知，父亲把木头变成家具，transform...into...为固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他那粗壮的手指，在操作重型工具时非常熟练，却笨拙地摆弄着那个小金属拉片。A. eager渴望的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. skilled熟练的；D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“at handling heavy tools, fumbled with the small metal tab”可知，父亲的手指在操作重型工具时非常熟练，但在摆弄小金属拉片时却很笨拙。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个小小的时刻，但却打动了我。A. comforted安慰；B. confused使困惑；C. entertained娱乐；D. struck打动。根据后文“It suddenly hit me that the hands that could build a bookshelf couldn’t ________ a simple suitcase zipper.”可知，这个小小的时刻打动了作者。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我突然想到，能建造书架的手却不能修好一个简单的行李箱拉链。A. fix up修理；B. pick up捡起；C. give up放弃；D. cut up切碎。根据上文“fumbled (笨拙地操作) with the small metal tab”以及后文“a simple suitcase zipper”可知，父亲不擅长摆弄小金属拉片，所以此处指他不能修理行李箱拉链。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个画面中有一种深刻的讽刺：他的职业能力和这个小小的个人失败之间的对比。A. importance重要性；B. evidence证据；C. connection连接；D. contrast对比。根据后文“between his professional capability and this small personal failure”可知，此处指父亲的职业能力和个人失败之间的对比。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在漫长的驾车过程中，我坐在后座上，从一个新的角度观察他。A. ignoring忽视；B. teaching教学；C. observing观察；D. leaving离开。根据后文“him from a new perspective”以及“I noticed how he gripped the steering wheel”可知，作者从新的角度观察父亲。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想到了那些手曾经举起过的所有重担——木材、工具、养家糊口的经济负担。A. weights重担；B. praises赞扬；C. doubts怀疑；D. notes笔记。根据后文“a heavy load”可知，此处指父亲的手举起过的重担。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们从未逃避过重负。A. sought寻找；B. shared分享；C. demanded要求；D. avoided避免。根据上文“I thought about all the ________ those hands had lifted — the lumber, the tools, the financial burden of raising a family.”可知，父亲的手从未逃避过重负。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他做了一件意想不到的事。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. boring无聊的；D. harmful有害的。根据上文“working quietly behind the scenes”后文“He took my hand, placed it in his, and just held it for a second.”可知，父亲少言寡语，因此握作者的手是意想不到的。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个无声的姿势中，我感受到了他无言的爱的重量——这种爱从来不是关于言语，而是关于行动。A. argument争论；B. debate辩论；C. gesture手势；D. complaint抱怨。根据上文“He took my hand, placed it in his, and just held it for a second.”可知，父亲握作者的手是一个无声的姿势。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个无声的姿势中，我感受到了他无言的爱的重量——这种爱从来不是关于言语，而是关于行动。A. promises承诺；B. actions行动；C. apologies道歉；D. gifts礼物。根据上文“a love that was never about words, but about”以及全文语境可知，父亲靠劳作付出表达爱，属于行动。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个男人的爱，他不是通过诗歌，而是靠亲手造物和支撑家庭来诠释爱。A. found找到；B. left离开；C. supported支持；D. controlled控制。根据上文“For years, those hands had been the ________ of our family, working quietly behind the scenes.”可知，此处指父亲支撑的家庭。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，当人们问我爱是什么样子时，我不会描述玫瑰或是盛大姿态。A. roses玫瑰；B. money金钱；C. houses房子；D. clothes衣服。根据后文“or grand gestures”以及上文提到父亲的爱不是通过言语，而是通过行动可知，此处指不会描述玫瑰或盛大的姿态。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是闭上眼睛，想象父亲的手——强壮、有疤痕、充满了一种言语无法捕捉的奉献。A. forget忘记；B. picture想象；C. wash洗；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“I simply close my eyes”可知，作者闭上眼睛是在回忆往事，所以是在脑海中想象画面。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At a strawberry farm in Nanjing, a shopping-cart-sized machine moves slowly between strawberry plants, with a camera on it scanning the surroundings and locking onto a ripe strawberry. Once a target ____36____ (identify), the robotic arm extends the flexible gripper (抓爪) toward the fruit. After a light pull and turn, a stem-free strawberry is ____37____ (neat) picked and placed into a basket. Developed by Wang Xiaochuan’s team from Nanjing Agricultural University, the robot takes about 20 seconds per pick with an 84% success rate, and the ____38____ (harvest) strawberries remain in almost perfect condition. While farmers would like to use machines during harvest ____39____ (boost) efficiency and cut costs, picking delicate fruits like strawberries has long posed ____40____ significant challenge. Earlier picking robots used scissors to cut the stem (the long thin part of a plant), leaving a section attached to the fruit, and often causing damage during transport. ____41____ (bad) still, workers had to remove the remaining stems ____42____ hand before boxing the strawberries, so robots didn’t truly free human labor. Inspired by how sea anemones (海葵) feed, the team designed a soft silicone (硅胶) gripper, ____43____ can completely wrap around strawberries of various sizes and shapes, and grasp them with stability and ____44____ (gentle). The robot’s motion lets the stem connection point break naturally, so the strawberry is ready to be boxed and sold without further processing. This approach applies not only to strawberries but also to other soft fruits and vegetables, ____45____ (advance) China’s intelligent agriculture. 【答案】36. is identified 37. neatly 38. harvested 39. to boost 40. a 41. Worse 42. by 43. which 44. gentleness 45. advancing 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了南京农业大学团队研发的一款新型草莓采摘机器人，介绍了该机器人的采摘特点、相比早期采摘机器人的优势、设计灵感以及对中国智慧农业发展的意义。 【36题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：一旦目标被识别，机械臂就会将灵活的抓爪伸向草莓果实。句子主语a target和动词identify之间是被动关系，即目标被识别，全文在介绍现有技术，用一般现在时，主语为单数，故用一般现在时的被动形式is identified。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：轻轻扭转后，一颗无梗草莓就被整齐地摘下并放入篮中。设空处修饰动词picked，需要用副词修饰动词，形容词neat的副词形式为neatly，意为“整齐地”。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这款机器人由南京农业大学王小川团队研发，单次采摘约需20秒，成功率达84%，采摘下来的草莓几乎保持完好无损。strawberries和harvest之间是被动关系，用过去分词harvested作前置定语，表示“被收获的”。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：农民想要在收获期使用机器来提高效率、降低成本，但是采摘草莓这类娇嫩的水果长期以来都是一个很大的挑战。“提高效率”是农民使用机器的目的，用不定式to boost作目的状语。  【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：农民想要在收获期使用机器来提高效率、降低成本，但是采摘草莓这类娇嫩的水果长期以来都是一个很大的挑战。challenge是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个重大挑战”，significant以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，工人在给草莓装盒前还必须手工去掉剩余的果梗，因此机器人并没有真正解放人力。worse still是固定搭配，意为“更糟糕的是”，表示递进，句首单词首字母需大写，故填Worse。  【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：更糟糕的是，工人在给草莓装盒前还必须手工去掉剩余的果梗，因此机器人并没有真正解放人力。by hand是固定搭配，意为“手工，用手”，符合语境，故填介词by。  【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：受海葵捕食方式的启发，该团队设计了一种柔软的硅胶抓爪，它可以完全包裹不同大小和形状的草莓，稳定轻柔地抓住草莓。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是gripper，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：受海葵捕食方式的启发，该团队设计了一种柔软的硅胶抓爪，它可以完全包裹不同大小和形状的草莓，稳定轻柔地抓住草莓。设空处和stability是并列关系，作介词with的宾语，需要用名词，形容词gentle的名词形式为gentleness，意为“温柔”。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种方法不仅适用于草莓，也适用于其他柔软的果蔬，推动了中国的智慧农业发展。逗号后表示自然而然的结果，主语This approach和advance之间是主动关系，用现在分词advancing作结果状语。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校正在推行“健康第一，人人运动”校园体育计划。请你为校英文报写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.具体做法； 2.收获与变化。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Health First, Sports for All ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Health First, Sports for All To promote students’ physical and mental health, our school has launched a new sports plan under the theme “Health First, Sports for All.” Every student is encouraged to master at least one sport. Rooftops have been turned into “sky playgrounds” where we jump rope, play ball, and enjoy climbing activities during breaks. The plan has brought great changes to my classmates. Many have become more energetic and focused in class. Most importantly, we are developing a lifelong habit of staying active — a true gift for our health. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份向校英文报写一篇短文投稿，介绍学校正在推行的“健康第一，人人运动”校园体育计划的具体做法及收获与变化。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 改善：promote→improve 巨大的：great→dramatic 精力充沛的：energetic→dynamic 养成：develop→cultivate 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Many have become more energetic and focused in class. Most importantly, we are developing a lifelong habit of staying active — a true gift for our health. 拓展句：Many have become more energetic and focused in class, which, most importantly, helps them develop a lifelong habit of staying active — a true gift for their health. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To promote students’ physical and mental health, our school has launched a new sports plan under the theme “Health First, Sports for All.” (运用了动词不定式To promote作目的状语) 【高分句型2】Rooftops have been turned into “sky playgrounds” where we jump rope, play ball, and enjoy climbing activities during breaks. (运用了where引导的定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mr. and Mrs. Lee moved into the apartment next door in early September. At first, we exchanged polite smiles when passing by, but things changed soon. My younger brother, Tom, was crazy about playing the drums. He’d been dreaming of joining the school’s music band and practiced hard every evening right after finishing his homework, usually from 5 pm to 6 pm. He said the loud beats helped him release stress from a day of studying. However, our thin apartment walls turned his practice sessions into a headache for the Lees. Mrs. Lee worked night shifts at the hospital. She relied on the afternoons to sleep and recharge for the next shift, but the drumbeats would wake her up repeatedly. Mr. Lee, a freelance writer who worked from home, needed complete quiet to focus on his stories, but the constant “boom-boom-boom” would break his train of thought. We didn’t notice their trouble at first; Tom always closed his bedroom door when practicing, and we thought that would reduce the noise enough. One Tuesday evening, Mr. Lee knocked on our door. His face looked serious, and I could tell he was upset. “I’m sorry to bother you,” he said, “but the drum noise has been making it hard for my wife to rest and me to work. We’ve tried closing the windows, but it still doesn’t help much.” My parents apologized immediately, but Tom felt wronged. He argued that he only practiced for an hour each day and had nowhere else to play. For the next few days, the atmosphere between our two families became awkward. We stopped greeting each other, and the walls seemed to grow thicker. Deciding to fix the situation, my mom baked a plate of chocolate cookies — Mrs. Lee’s favorite, which we learned from a casual chat before — and asked Tom and me to take them to the Lees. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When we arrived, Mrs. Lee opened the door with a surprised look. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a discussion, they agreed on a new schedule for drum practice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： When we arrived, Mrs. Lee opened the door with a surprised look. Her tired eyes softened the instant I handed her the cookies and expressed our sincere apology. Tom said sorry again for the disturbance, not knowing how to make up for the trouble. To our surprise, Mr. Lee wore a smile and said to Tom, “We appreciate your kindness and passion for music. You may continue practising at home. How about adjusting the time for your drumming?” Tom agreed without hesitation. After a discussion, they agreed on a new schedule for drum practice. Tom decided to shift his one-hour practice to 7 p.m. to 8 p.m., a time when Mrs. Lee had woken up from her afternoon rest and Mr. Lee had finished his most intensive writing work. Satisfied with the thoughtful arrangement, the Lees praised Tom for his sincerity and consideration. The awkward atmosphere between the two families disappeared completely. The once annoying drumbeats turned into harmonious music bridging our two families, teaching us that mutual understanding is the best way to settle conflicts. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了弟弟打鼓扰民引发邻里隔阂，一家人主动登门致歉后双方协商调整练鼓时间，最终化解矛盾、和睦相处的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写姐弟二人带着饼干登门道歉，李氏夫妇接纳歉意并提议调整练鼓时间的对话场景。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写双方敲定合适的练鼓时段，两家隔阂消散、邻里关系重归于好并悟出相处道理。 2.续写线索：登门致歉——邻里沟通——敲定时段——隔阂消散——邻里和睦——感悟包容 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①打扰：disturb/bother/interrupt ②弥补：make up for/compensate for 情绪类 ①吃惊：surprise//amazement ②满意的：satisfied/content/pleased 【点睛】【高分句型1】Her tired eyes softened the instant I handed her the cookies and expressed our sincere apology. (使用了the instant引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】The once annoying drumbeats turned into harmonious music bridging our two families, teaching us that mutual understanding is the best way to settle conflicts. (使用了现在分词bridging作后置定语及现在分词teaching作结果状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $