Unit 2 Beyond Earth（重难词汇精练）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 以“词汇基础练-语境练-语篇练”为逻辑主线，构建从孤立词汇到语篇综合运用的渐进式训练体系，提升语言能力中的词汇理解与表达。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|35单词+6短语汉译英、8词汇变形|聚焦词形、词性转换，夯实基础词汇|从核心词汇（如mission, launch）到派生（如weigh→weight→weightless），构建词群网络| |词汇语境练|18单词拼写、13适当形式填空、5完成句子、16单项选择|结合音标、首字母、语境提示，考查词汇在情境中的准确运用|从单句填空到情景选择，实现词汇从记忆到初步应用的过渡| |词汇语篇练|1篇完形填空、2篇选词填空|依托航天主题语篇，考查词汇在语篇中的连贯运用|通过嫦娥工程、宇宙探索等语篇，融合词汇辨析与语篇逻辑，提升综合语言运用能力|

Unit 2 Beyond Earth 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A 单词 1. beyond 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 2. mission 任务；使命 3. telescope 望远镜 4. rover 探测器；漫游者 5. manned 载人的；需人操作的 6. launch 发射；发起（v.&n.） 7. weightless 失重的；无重量的 8. movement 活动；运动 9. asleep 睡着（的） 10. tie 系上；束紧；领带（v.&n.） 11. geology 地质；地质学 12. satellite 人造卫星；卫星 13. crazy 疯狂的；不理智的 14. require 要求；需要 15. cancel 取消；终止 16. publish 刊登；出版 17. rocket 火箭 18. exoplanet 系外行星 19. solar 太阳的；太阳能的 20. god 神 21. mysterious 神秘的；奇怪的 22. spacecraft 宇宙飞船 23. board 板；牌子 24. billion 十亿 25. trillion 万亿；兆 26. completely 彻底地；完全地 27. cooperate 合作；协作 28. galaxy 星系 29. imagination 想象力；想像 30. expectation 期望；希望 31. craft 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 32. spaceship （航天）飞船 33. survey 测绘；民意调查 34. crowded 人（太）多的；拥挤的 35. operate 操作；运行 B 短语 1. fall asleep 入睡 2. human beings 人；人类 3. in case 以防万一 4. on board 在船（或火车、飞机）上 5. cooperate with 合作；协作；配合 6. set foot on 访问；参观（某地） 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. weigh v. 称重；重达: ______ n. 重量；体重; ______ adj. 失重的 2. sleep v. & n. 睡觉；睡眠: ______ adj. 睡着的（表 语）; ______ adj. 困倦的 3. move v. 移动；活动: ______ n. 运动；活动;______adj. 移动的；感人的 4. mysterious adj. 神秘的: ______ n. 神秘；谜团 5. spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船: ______ 复数形式 6. completely adv. 彻底地；完全地：______ adj. 完整的；完成的; ______ v. 完成 7. expect v. 期待；预料: ______ n. 期望；希望; ______ adj. 预期的 8. cooperate v. 合作；协作: ______ n. 合作 【答案】1. weight；weightless 2. asleep；sleepy 3. movement；moving 4. mystery 5. spacecraft 6. complete；complete 7. expectation；expected 8. cooperation 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. My grandma’s house is__________ /bɪˈjɒnd/ the river. 2. The astronaut finished his space _________(使命)successfully. 3. They will l_________ a new satellite next month. 4. _______ /taɪ/ the instruments tightly before launching. 5. Experts study Mars _________ (地质) with rover data. 6. The communication __________(卫星)works 24 hours a day. 7. They had to __________(取消) the rocket launch because of bad weather. 8. The spacecraft uses _________(太阳能的）panels to get power. 9. The powerful _________(火箭) carried the spacecraft into orbit. 10. The ___________(飞船)will travel to Proxima Centauri one day. 11. We learn some basic g________ in geography class. 12. _________(人造卫星)help us check the weather every day. 13. It’s ________ /ˈkreɪzi/ to ride a bike fast on such a rainy road. 14. Many families use _________(太阳能的) water heaters now. 15. The unmanned ___________(宇宙飞船) returned to Earth safely. 16. She is good at making paper_________(工艺) in art class. 17. We did a ________(民意调查) about students’ after-school hobbies. 18. My grandma can’t ________(操作) the smart TV well. 【答案】1.beyond, 2.mission, 3.launch, 4.Tie, 5.geology, 6.satellite, 7.cancel, 8.solar, 9.rocket, 10.spaceship, 11.geology, 12.Satellites, 13.crazy, 14.solar, 15.spacecraft, 16.craft, 17.survey, 18.operate 【解析】1. 句意：奶奶家在河的对岸。音标/bɪˈjɒnd/对应介词beyond，用于描述两地方位。 2. 句意：这名宇航员圆满完成了他的太空使命。space mission是固定搭配，mission为名词，此处用单数。 3. 句意：他们下个月会发射一颗新卫星。句子含will，后面使用动词原形，结合首字母l填launch。 4. 句意：发射前把仪器牢牢系紧。音标/taɪ/对应tie，本句是祈使句，句首单词首字母大写。 5. 句意：专家借助探测车数据研究火星地质。geology意为地质、地质学，为不可数名词，作study的宾语。 6. 句意：这颗通信卫星全天不间断工作。谓语works是单数形式，主语satellite使用单数。 7. 句意：由于天气恶劣，他们不得不取消火箭发射。have to后搭配动词原形，cancel表示取消。 8. 句意：这艘航天器依靠太阳能板获取能源。形容词solar修饰panels，solar panels是固定短语太阳能电池板。 9. 句意：这枚大功率火箭将航天器送入轨道。谓语为单数形式，主语rocket用单数。 10. 句意：将来有一天这艘飞船会飞往比邻星。空格在will前作主语，填单数名词spaceship。 11. 句意：我们在地理课上学基础地质学。结合地理课堂语境与首字母g，basic后接名词geology。 12. 句意：人造卫星每天帮我们监测天气。谓语help为原形，主语用复数Satellites，位于句首首字母大写。 13. 句意：雨天在路上快速骑车很危险。音标/ˈkreɪzi/对应形容词crazy，符合It’s + 形容词 + to do结构。 14. 句意：现在很多家庭都使用太阳能热水器。形容词solar修饰water heaters，构成固定搭配。 15. 句意：这艘无人宇宙飞船平安返回地球。spacecraft单复数拼写不变，此处表示单个飞船，用原形。 16. 句意：她擅长在美术课上做纸艺手工。paper craft为固定搭配，指纸艺。 17. 句意：我们做了一份关于学生课余爱好的调查。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，do a survey是固定表达。 18. 句意：奶奶不太会操作智能电视。情态动词can’t后接动词原形operate，意思是操作、操控。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The doctor asked me to watch my ________ (weigh) and eat less sweet food. 2. Astronauts feel ________ (weigh) when they stay in the spaceship. 3. My little brother fell ________ (sleep) quickly after a long walk. 4. I always get ________ (sleep) when I read boring textbooks in the afternoon. 5. There is little ________ (move) outside because of the heavy rain. 6. This story about space dreams is really ________ (move). 7. No one knows where the old rocket went; it’s still a ________ (mysterious). 8. Scientists will send many new ________ (spacecraft) to explore distant galaxies. 9. The space project is ________ (complete) ready for tomorrow’s launch. 10. I hope to ________ (complete) my space report before this Friday. 11. My parents have high ________ (expect) for my science study. 12. The launch of the satellite was earlier than ________ (expect). 13. The research on exoplanets needs good ________ (cooperate) between different countries. 【答案】1.weight, 2.weightless, 3.asleep, 4.sleepy, 5.movement, 6.moving, 7.mystery, 8.spacecraft, 9.completely, 10.complete, 11.expectations, 12.expected, 13.cooperation 【解析】 1. 句意：医生叮嘱我控制体重，少吃甜食。my后要使用名词，动词weigh转换为名词weight 2. 句意：宇航员在宇宙飞船里会处于失重状态。feel后面搭配形容词，后缀-less含义为无……的，因此填weightless 3. 句意：走了很远的路之后，弟弟很快就睡着了。固定词组fall asleep表示入睡，此处用asleep 4. 句意：下午读枯燥的课本时，我总觉得昏昏欲睡。get后搭配形容人状态的形容词sleepy 5. 句意：下大雨，外面几乎没有行人走动。little只能搭配名词，动词move加后缀-ment变成名词movement 6. 句意：这个讲述航天梦想的故事十分动人。修饰事物的形容词用-ing形式，moving表示令人感动的 7. 句意：没人知道那枚老旧火箭的下落，这至今仍是一个未解之谜。冠词a后面要接名词，形容词mysterious改为名词mystery 8. 句意：科学家将发射多艘新的宇宙飞船探索遥远星系。many后接名词复数，spacecraft单复数拼写一致，无需变化 9. 句意：这个航天项目已经全部准备完毕，等待明天发射。用来修饰形容词ready需要副词，complete对应的副词是completely 10. 句意：我打算在本周五之前写完我的太空主题报告。hope to后面需要使用动词原形，填complete 11. 句意：父母对我的理科学习抱有很高的期待。high后搭配名词，表达各类期待习惯使用复数形式expectations 12. 句意：这颗卫星的发射时间比预想的更早。than expected是固定表达，代表比预期 13. 句意：系外行星的探索研究需要各国之间良好的协作。good后修饰名词，动词cooperate变为名词cooperation 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. 我躺下后通常十分钟才能睡着。 I usually _______ ______ ten minutes after lying down. 2. 带上雨衣，以防下午下雨。 Take a raincoat with you ______ ______ it rains in the afternoon. 3. 此刻所有乘客都在高铁上。 All the passengers are _______ _______ the high-speed train now. 4. 接力赛中你要和队友相互配合。 You need to _________ _______ your teammates in the relay race. 5. 阿姆斯特朗是第一位登上月球的人。 Armstrong was the first man to ______ ______ on the moon. 【答案】1.fall asleep，2.in case，3.on board，4.cooperate with，5.set foot 【解析】1. “入睡”的固定短语为fall asleep；句中usually表示经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形。 2. “以防万一”的固定短语为in case，在此处引导目的状语从句，符合提醒带雨具的语境。 3. “在（交通工具）上”的固定短语为on board，on board the high-speed train表示“在高铁上”，是固定搭配。 4. “和……合作/配合”的固定短语为cooperate with；need to后接动词原形，因此直接填短语原形。 5. “踏上；访问”的固定短语为set foot on；“the first man to do sth.”结构中to后接动词原形，因此填set foot。 四、单项选择 1. The spaceship travelled far _________ the Earth. A. beyond B. beside C. besides D. from 2. The natural resources on Earth will__________ one day. A. run out of B. run out C. run after D. run away 3. A: I missed the last bus home. B: __________ you can stay at my house tonight. A. In case B. In that case C. In silence D. In person 4. We can’t go out_________ because it’s raining heavily. A. right now B. right away C. just now D. at once 5. __________ I know it’s hard, I won’t give up. A. When B. While C. Since D. Before 6. Different departments________each other to hold the school sports meeting. A. compare with B. compete with C. cooperate with D. deal with 7. ________ the sun shining brightly, we went for a picnic. A.As B. Without C. For D.With 8. It sounded a ________ idea to explore exoplanets over 100 years ago. A.possible B. crazy C. stupid D. comfortable 9. Space travel _________ strict physical training. A. requires B. question C. repair D. allow 10. The magazine will _________ the space research report next week. A. publish B.punish C. doubt D. explore 11. Take enough food and water on board _________ of emergency. A. in public B. in surprise C. in silence D.in case 12. There are _________ stars in one single galaxy. A.billions of B. billion of C. two billions of D. two billions 13. Many countries ________ in deep space exploration. A. compare B. compete C. operate D. cooperate 14. My __________ for the Spring Festival is just to stay with my whole family and eat dumplings together A. decision B. expectation C. discussion D. expression 15. Our teacher asked us to do a ________ about students' sleep time. A. homework B. survey C. experience D. volunteer 16. It’s easy to ________ this new washing machine A. press B. operate C. own D. repair 【答案】1.A，2.B，3.B，4.A，5.B，6.C，7.D，8.B，9.A，10.A，11.D，12.A，13.B，14.B，15.B，16.B 【解析】 1. 句意：宇宙飞船驶向地球遥远的外侧。beyond意为在……之外，far beyond是常用搭配；beside表示在……旁边，besides表示除……之外（还有），from表示从……，三者均不符合飞船远航的语境。 2. 句意：地球上的自然资源总有一天会耗尽。run out 主语为物，无被动语态，表示“被用完、耗尽”；run out of 主语只能是人，后必须接宾语；run after 追赶，run away 逃跑，均不符合句意，will后用动词原形。 3. 句意：A：我错过了回家的末班车。B：既然那样，你今晚可以住在我家。In case 以防；In that case 既然那样；In silence 沉默地；In person 亲自。结合对话语境选B。 4. 句意：我们此刻不能外出，因为雨下得很大。right now此刻、现在；right away和at once立刻、马上；just now刚才，用于一般过去时。句子描述当下情况。 5. 句意：虽然我知道这件事很难，但我不会放弃。while此处引导让步状语从句，意为虽然；when当……时；since自从、既然；before在……之前，其余单词不引导让步关系。 6. 句意：各个部门相互配合举办校运会。compare with与……对比；compete with与……竞争；cooperate with与……合作；deal with处理，举办运动会需要各部门协作。 7. 句意：阳光明媚，我们去野餐了。此处是with复合结构with+宾语+现在分词作伴随状语；as后面需要完整从句，without语义相反，for不能搭配该结构。 8. 句意：一百多年前，探索系外行星听起来是个疯狂的想法。possible可能的；crazy疯狂的；stupid愚蠢的；comfortable舒适的，百年前星际探索难以实现，crazy贴合语境。 9. 句意：太空旅行需要严苛的体能训练。require需要；question质疑；repair修理；allow允许。主语space travel为单数名词，谓语动词使用三单形式requires。 10. 句意：这本杂志下周将刊登这份太空研究报告。publish刊登；punish惩罚；doubt怀疑；explore探索，will后接动词原形publish变形publish为publish原形。 11. 句意：在飞行器上备好充足食物和水，以防出现紧急情况。in public公开地；in surprise惊讶地；in silence沉默地；in case of以防，为固定搭配。 12. 句意：单个星系中有数十亿颗恒星。billion前有具体数字不加s、不加of；无确切数字修饰时，固定搭配billions of表示数十亿。 13. 句意：多个国家在深空探索领域展开竞争。compare对比；compete竞争；operate操作；cooperate合作，各国航天领域存在相互角逐的关系。 14. 句意：我的春节期盼就是和全家人团聚，一起吃饺子。expectation意为期盼、愿望；decision决定；discussion讨论；expression表达，只有expectation契合内心愿望的语境。 15. 句意：老师让我们做一项关于学生睡眠时间的调查。homework作业；survey调查；experience经历；volunteer志愿者，do a survey是固定短语，表示做调查。 16. 句意：这台新洗衣机操作起来很简单。press按压；operate操作；own拥有；repair修理，operate用于描述操控家电设备。 一、完形填空 China’s New Chapter on the Moon China 1 working on a big plan to put a wireless network (无线网络) on the moon. This is 2 of their space exploration program. After they finish their 3 with Chang’e-6, two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e-7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e-8 will follow around 2028. A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang’e-7 will look at the environment and resources near the moon’s South Pole. 4 , Chang’e-8 will try out ways to use the moon’s resources. This will help them get ready for the ILRS, 5 they hope to start using by 2035. Building the ILRS will happen in two steps. First, they will make a simple model at the moon’s South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area 6 100 kilometers. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and sending 7 to land on the moon. This will create a research platform with 8 functions. The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole 9 other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon. This will give them a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions. Guan Feng, 10 space official, said that Chang’e-8 will 11 there is a way to communicate and have 12 on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about whether they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the 13 research for Chang’e-8. Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project.More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations 14 agreements with China. They agreed that human beings should 15 with each other to explore the moon. 1．A．is B．are C．was D．am 2．A．play B．part C．role D．talent 3．A．drive B．ride C．class D．mission 4．A．Then B．Additionally C．Lastly D．Although 5．A．that B．what C．which D．how 6．A．within B．without C．outside D．inside 7．A．doctors B．astronauts C．teachers D．cooks 8．A．important B．basic C．tiny D．huge 9．A．and B．with C．or D．from 10．A．others B．another C．other D．the others 11．A．come out B．put on C．come true D．make sure 12．A．goal B．power C．dream D．light 13．A．scientific B．frequently-used C．historical D．significant 14．A．are signed B．were signed C．had signed D．have signed 15．A．operate B．cooperate C．tie D．serve 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本篇文章主要介绍中国在月球建立无线网络及国际月球科研站的计划，包括嫦娥任务步骤、功能及国际合作情况。 1．句意：中国正在致力于一项在月球上建立无线网络的大计划。 主语China为单数国家名称，介绍正在进行的航天计划，时态是现在进行时，be动词选用is。are对应复数主语，was为过去时，am主语只能是I，均不符合。 2．句意：这是他们太空探索计划的一部分。 根据固定搭配part of“……的一部分”，可知选part。play“播放”，role“角色”，talent“天赋”，搭配不当。 3．句意：在完成嫦娥六号相关任务后，还将发射两艘航天器为国际月球科研站做准备。 根据上下文提到的太空探索背景，mission“任务”符合语境。drive“驾驶”，ride“骑行”，class“班级”，与航天无关。 4．句意：此外，嫦娥八号将尝试利用月球资源的方法 根据前后文是并列补充关系，介绍不同探测器的功能，Additionally“此外”符合逻辑。Then“然后”侧重时间顺序，Lastly“最后”，Although“虽然”，不符合语境。 5．句意：这将帮助他们为国际月球科研站做好准备，他们希望在 2035 年开始使用它。 根据逗号后是非限制性定语从句，修饰物ILRS，应用which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，what“什么”，how“怎样”，不符合语境。 6．句意：它将能够在100公里以内的区域进行科学工作。 根据语境表示范围，within“在……范围内”符合句意。without“没有”，outside“在……之外”，inside“在……里面”，语义不通。 7．句意：他们将使用一个连接地球和月球的网络来执行不同的任务，比如派遣机器人探索月球和派遣宇航员登陆月球。 根据“land on the moon”，可知是astronauts“宇航员”。doctors“医生”，teachers“老师”，cooks“厨师”，职业不符合语境。 8．句意：这将创建一个具有基本功能的研究平台。 根据前文“simple model”及后文第二步“make the station better”，可知第一步功能是basic“基本的”。important“重要的”，tiny“微小的”，huge“巨大的”，与“简单模型”不符。 9．句意：他们想建立一个月球站网络，在南极有一个主站，在赤道和月球远端有其他站。 根据“main station”与“other stations”可知，前后是并列关系，用and连接。with“伴随”，or“或者”，from“来自”，不符合语境。 10．句意：另一位太空官员关锋表示，嫦娥八号将确保在月球上有通信和电力。 根据修饰单数名词“official”，且表示“又一个”，应用“another”。other“其他人”修饰复数名词，others“其他人或物”是代词，the others“其余的”，不能修饰单数名词。 11．句意：另一位太空官员关锋表示，嫦娥八号将确保在月球上有通信和电力。 根据语境是确认通信可行性，make sure“确保”符合句意。come out“出来”，put on“穿上”，come true“实现”，语义不符。 12．句意：另一位太空官员关锋表示，嫦娥八号将确保在月球上有通信和电力。 根据前文“use the moon’s resources”及通信需求，power“电力/能源”是基础资源。goal“目标”，dream“梦想”，light“光”，不符合资源语境。 13．句意：这可能是嫦娥八号科学研究的一部分。 根据“grow plants”可知，在月球种植植物属于嫦娥八号的科学研究，scientific“科学的”符合语境。frequently-used“常用的”，historical“历史的”，significant“重要的”，不符合语境。 14．句意：超过10个国家和40多个国际组织已与中国签署协议。 根据“Since 2017”及主语是动作发出者，应用现在完成时主动语态，have signed符合语境。 15．句意：他们同意人类应该相互合作探索月球。 根据“with each other”及共同探索的背景，cooperate“合作”符合语境。operate“操作”，tie“系”，serve“服务”，语义不通。 二、选词填空 A help  good  weigh  launch  in  mission  they  tie  but  spacesuit On October 31st, 2025, the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft was 1 into space successfully. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very differently in space. Because it is 2 , they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are 3 to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). They use special bikes to exercise every day 4 case their muscles become atrophied (萎缩的). Spacewalks are also an important part of an astronaut’s job. When they go outside the space station, they wear 5 with about seven layers. These layers help protect 6 from very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts and take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-21 team stayed in space for about six months. One of their 7 was to study mice. This was the first time to take mammals (哺乳动物) to space. These small mice would help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also did some other experiments. These studies may help us have a 8 understanding of the life sciences. All of these would help China get ready to send people to the Moon or Mars. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. Their job is not easy, 9 it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 10 write the next part of human space history. 【答案】1．launched 2．weightless 3．tied 4．in 5．spacesuits 6．them 7．missions 8．better 9．but 10．helping 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍2025年神舟二十一号载人飞船成功发射，讲解宇航员在太空独特的日常生活、出舱活动，以及本次乘组开展的科学实验任务，赞颂航天员艰苦又意义重大的航天工作。 1．句意：2025年10月31日，神舟二十一号飞船成功发射进入太空。主语the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft和动词launch是被动关系，本句使用一般过去时被动语态“be done”，方框中launch意为“发射”，需变为过去分词launched，符合飞船升空的语境。 2．句意：因为处于失重状态，他们不能像在地球上一样烹饪食物。 系动词is后接形容词，方框中weigh变形为形容词weightless，意为“失重的”，是太空环境的特点，符合太空生活的语境。 3．句意：太空中没有真正的床，宇航员睡在固定在墙上的睡袋里。 sleeping bags和tie构成被动关系，be tied to为固定搭配，意为“捆绑、固定在……”，方框中tie意为“系，捆绑”，需变为过去分词tied，符合太空睡觉条件的语境。 4．句意：他们每天使用特制自行车锻炼，以防肌肉萎缩。固定短语in case意为“以防；免得”，方框中in，无需变形，用来引出锻炼的目的，符合语境。 5．句意：当他们走出空间站时，身穿大约有七层结构的航天服。主语为they，对应复数名词，方框中spacesuit意为“航天服”，需变为复数spacesuits，符合多名航天员出舱穿戴航天服的语境。 6．句意：这些防护层保护他们免受极端高温、低温以及太空其他危险的伤害。动词protect后用人称代词宾格，方框中they意为“他们”，需变为宾格them，指代宇航员，符合语境。 7．句意：他们的任务之一是研究小白鼠。 one of后接可数名词复数，方框中mission意为“任务”，需变为复数missions，介绍神舟二十一号各项工作任务，符合语境。 8．句意：这些研究有助于我们更好地理解生命科学。空格修饰名词understanding，结合语境暗含对比，方框中good需变为比较级better，意为“更好的”，体现研究带来认知提升，符合语境。 9．句意：他们的工作并不轻松，但是十分重要。 前后两句存在转折逻辑，方框中but是并列连词，意为“但是”，连接转折关系，符合语义。 10．句意：或许有一天，你也能成为宇航员，翱翔太空，助力书写人类太空探索历史崭新篇章。and连接并列成分，与前文的flying保持一致，方框中help意为“帮助，助力”，需变为helping，符合展望未来航天事业的语境。 B    trillion  dream  in  board  with  we  set  mystery  spacecraft  answer  experience A Journey to the Mysterious Universe People have looked up at the night sky and wondered about the 11 universe since ancient times. Some believed it was the home of gods, while others 12 of traveling among the stars. Today, our dream is becoming reality. Scientists and engineers cooperate 13 each other to build amazing 14 that can carry humans and robots into space. 15 case of emergencies, these spacecraft have special systems to keep everyone safe. When astronauts board a spacecraft, they know they are about to 16 something amazing. On 17 , they work together to explore new worlds. So far, humans have 18 foot on the moon, and unmanned probes have traveled to other planets. The universe is huge—there are 19 of galaxies waiting to be discovered. By continuing to cooperate with each other, we can learn more about our place in this universe and maybe even find 20 to some of humanity’s oldest questions. Space exploration teaches 21 that with curiosity, courage, and cooperation, there are no limits to what we can achieve. 【答案】11．mysterious 12．dreamed/dreamt 13．with 14．spacecraft 15．In 16．experience 17．board 18．set 19．trillions 20．answers 21．us 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类自古以来对神秘宇宙充满好奇，如今依靠航天器开展太空探索，介绍太空设备、宇航员任务与宇宙的广阔，点明太空探索教会人类好奇、勇气与合作的意义。 11．句意：自古以来，人们仰望夜空，对神秘的宇宙充满好奇。此处需用形容词修饰名词“universe”，太空是神秘的，备选词mystery的形容词形式mysterious“神秘的”符合语境。 12．句意：一些人认为天空是众神的居所，另一些人梦想遨游群星之间。此处需用动词作谓语，“while”连接并列分句，前半句“believed”为过去式，本句时态需保持一致。dream of表示“梦想……”，固定短语，备选词dream的过去式dreamed/dreamt符合语境。 13．句意：科学家与工程师彼此合作，制造能运送人类和机器人进入太空的神奇航天器。cooperate with sb.意为“与某人合作”，固定搭配。 14．句意：科学家与工程师彼此合作，制造能运送人类和机器人进入太空的神奇航天器。“amazing”是形容词，后接名词，“can carry humans and robots into space.”表明此处指的是航天器，spacecraft为单复数同形名词。 15．句意：万一发生紧急情况，这些航天器配备专用系统能保障所有人的安全。in case of意为“万一，假使”，固定介词短语，in位于句首首字母大写。 16．句意：当宇航员登上航天器，他们知道自己即将体验奇妙的事物。be about to do sth.表示“即将做某事”，to后接动词原形；结合上文“When astronauts board a spacecraft”，此处是指他们马上就要亲身经历太空之旅，备选词experience“体验，经历”符合语境。 17．句意：在航天器上，他们携手探索新世界。on board意为“在飞船上”， 固定短语。 18．句意：到目前为止，人类已经踏上月球，无人探测器也抵达其他行星。So far是现在完成时的标志词，结构为“have + 动词过去分词”，set foot on“踏上……”，固定搭配，set的过去分词为set。 19．句意：宇宙浩瀚无垠——有数万亿个星系等待人类去发现。根据常识可知，宇宙里有数万亿个星系。trillions of表示“数万亿的”，固定短语。 20．句意：通过持续合作，我们不仅能更深入理解人类在宇宙中的定位，或许还能找到诸多古老谜题的答案。空格前“find”后接名词作宾语，answers to...questions表示“问题的答案”，固定短语。 21．句意：太空探索教会我们：拥有好奇、勇气与合作精神，人类的成就永无上限。空格前“teaches”为及物动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语；后文从句“what we can achieve”里使用了“we”，此处是指太空探索教会“我们”，备选词we对应的宾格形式为us。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Beyond Earth 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A 单词 1. _______________ 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 2. _______________ 任务；使命 3. _______________ 望远镜 4. _______________ 探测器；漫游者 5. _______________ 载人的；需人操作的 6. _______________ 发射；发起（v.&n.） 7. _______________ 失重的；无重量的 8. _______________ 活动；运动 9. _______________ 睡着（的） 10. _______________ 系上；束紧；领带（v.&n.） 11. _______________ 地质；地质学 12. _______________ 人造卫星；卫星 13. _______________ 疯狂的；不理智的 14. _______________ 要求；需要 15. _______________ 取消；终止 16. _______________ 刊登；出版 17. _______________ 火箭 18. _______________ 系外行星 19. _______________ 太阳的；太阳能的 20. _______________ 神 21. _______________ 神秘的；奇怪的 22. _______________ 宇宙飞船 23. _______________ 板；牌子 24. _______________ 十亿 25. _______________ 万亿；兆 26. _______________ 彻底地；完全地 27. _______________ 合作；协作 28. _______________ 星系 29. _______________ 想象力；想像 30. _______________ 期望；希望 31. _______________ 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 32. _______________ （航天）飞船 33. _______________ 测绘；民意调查 34. _______________ 人（太）多的；拥挤的 35. _______________ 操作；运行 B 短语 1. _______________ 入睡 2. _______________ 人；人类 3. _______________ 以防万一 4. _______________ 在船（或火车、飞机）上 5. _______________ 合作；协作；配合 6. _______________ 访问；参观（某地） 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. weigh v. 称重；重达: ______ n. 重量；体重; ______ adj. 失重的 2. sleep v. & n. 睡觉；睡眠: ______ adj. 睡着的（表 语）; ______ adj. 困倦的 3. move v. 移动；活动: ______ n. 运动；活动;______adj. 移动的；感人的 4. mysterious adj. 神秘的: ______ n. 神秘；谜团 5. spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船: ______ 复数形式 6. completely adv. 彻底地；完全地：______ adj. 完整的；完成的; ______ v. 完成 7. expect v. 期待；预料: ______ n. 期望；希望; ______ adj. 预期的 8. cooperate v. 合作；协作: ______ n. 合作 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. My grandma’s house is__________ /bɪˈjɒnd/ the river. 2. The astronaut finished his space _________(使命)successfully. 3. They will l_________ a new satellite next month. 4. _______ /taɪ/ the instruments tightly before launching. 5. Experts study Mars _________ (地质) with rover data. 6. The communication __________(卫星)works 24 hours a day. 7. They had to __________(取消) the rocket launch because of bad weather. 8. The spacecraft uses _________(太阳能的）panels to get power. 9. The powerful _________(火箭) carried the spacecraft into orbit. 10. The ___________(飞船)will travel to Proxima Centauri one day. 11. We learn some basic g________ in geography class. 12. _________(人造卫星)help us check the weather every day. 13. It’s ________ /ˈkreɪzi/ to ride a bike fast on such a rainy road. 14. Many families use _________(太阳能的) water heaters now. 15. The unmanned ___________(宇宙飞船) returned to Earth safely. 16. She is good at making paper_________(工艺) in art class. 17. We did a ________(民意调查) about students’ after-school hobbies. 18. My grandma can’t ________(操作) the smart TV well. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The doctor asked me to watch my ________ (weigh) and eat less sweet food. 2. Astronauts feel ________ (weigh) when they stay in the spaceship. 3. My little brother fell ________ (sleep) quickly after a long walk. 4. I always get ________ (sleep) when I read boring textbooks in the afternoon. 5. There is little ________ (move) outside because of the heavy rain. 6. This story about space dreams is really ________ (move). 7. No one knows where the old rocket went; it’s still a ________ (mysterious). 8. Scientists will send many new ________ (spacecraft) to explore distant galaxies. 9. The space project is ________ (complete) ready for tomorrow’s launch. 10. I hope to ________ (complete) my space report before this Friday. 11. My parents have high ________ (expect) for my science study. 12. The launch of the satellite was earlier than ________ (expect). 13. The research on exoplanets needs good ________ (cooperate) between different countries. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. 我躺下后通常十分钟才能睡着。 I usually _______ ______ ten minutes after lying down. 2. 带上雨衣，以防下午下雨。 Take a raincoat with you ______ ______ it rains in the afternoon. 3. 此刻所有乘客都在高铁上。 All the passengers are _______ _______ the high-speed train now. 4. 接力赛中你要和队友相互配合。 You need to _________ _______ your teammates in the relay race. 5. 阿姆斯特朗是第一位登上月球的人。 Armstrong was the first man to ______ ______ on the moon. 四、单项选择 1. The spaceship travelled far _________ the Earth. A. beyond B. beside C. besides D. from 2. The natural resources on Earth will__________ one day. A. run out of B. run out C. run after D. run away 3. A: I missed the last bus home. B: __________ you can stay at my house tonight. A. In case B. In that case C. In silence D. In person 4. We can’t go out_________ because it’s raining heavily. A. right now B. right away C. just now D. at once 5. __________ I know it’s hard, I won’t give up. A. When B. While C. Since D. Before 6. Different departments________each other to hold the school sports meeting. A. compare with B. compete with C. cooperate with D. deal with 7. ________ the sun shining brightly, we went for a picnic. A.As B. Without C. For D.With 8. It sounded a ________ idea to explore exoplanets over 100 years ago. A.possible B. crazy C. stupid D. comfortable 9. Space travel _________ strict physical training. A. requires B. question C. repair D. allow 10. The magazine will _________ the space research report next week. A. publish B.punish C. doubt D. explore 11. Take enough food and water on board _________ of emergency. A. in public B. in surprise C. in silence D.in case 12. There are _________ stars in one single galaxy. A.billions of B. billion of C. two billions of D. two billions 13. Many countries ________ in deep space exploration. A. compare B. compete C. operate D. cooperate 14. My __________ for the Spring Festival is just to stay with my whole family and eat dumplings together A. decision B. expectation C. discussion D. expression 15. Our teacher asked us to do a ________ about students' sleep time. A. homework B. survey C. experience D. volunteer 16. It’s easy to ________ this new washing machine A. press B. operate C. own D. repair 一、完形填空 China’s New Chapter on the Moon China 1 working on a big plan to put a wireless network (无线网络) on the moon. This is 2 of their space exploration program. After they finish their 3 with Chang’e-6, two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e-7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e-8 will follow around 2028. A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang’e-7 will look at the environment and resources near the moon’s South Pole. 4 , Chang’e-8 will try out ways to use the moon’s resources. This will help them get ready for the ILRS, 5 they hope to start using by 2035. Building the ILRS will happen in two steps. First, they will make a simple model at the moon’s South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area 6 100 kilometers. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and sending 7 to land on the moon. This will create a research platform with 8 functions. The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole 9 other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon. This will give them a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions. Guan Feng, 10 space official, said that Chang’e-8 will 11 there is a way to communicate and have 12 on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about whether they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the 13 research for Chang’e-8. Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project.More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations 14 agreements with China. They agreed that human beings should 15 with each other to explore the moon. 1．A．is B．are C．was D．am 2．A．play B．part C．role D．talent 3．A．drive B．ride C．class D．mission 4．A．Then B．Additionally C．Lastly D．Although 5．A．that B．what C．which D．how 6．A．within B．without C．outside D．inside 7．A．doctors B．astronauts C．teachers D．cooks 8．A．important B．basic C．tiny D．huge 9．A．and B．with C．or D．from 10．A．others B．another C．other D．the others 11．A．come out B．put on C．come true D．make sure 12．A．goal B．power C．dream D．light 13．A．scientific B．frequently-used C．historical D．significant 14．A．are signed B．were signed C．had signed D．have signed 15．A．operate B．cooperate C．tie D．serve 二、选词填空 A help  good  weigh  launch  in  mission  they  tie  but  spacesuit On October 31st, 2025, the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft was 1 into space successfully. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very differently in space. Because it is 2 , they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are 3 to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). They use special bikes to exercise every day 4 case their muscles become atrophied (萎缩的). Spacewalks are also an important part of an astronaut’s job. When they go outside the space station, they wear 5 with about seven layers. These layers help protect 6 from very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts and take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-21 team stayed in space for about six months. One of their 7 was to study mice. This was the first time to take mammals (哺乳动物) to space. These small mice would help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also did some other experiments. These studies may help us have a 8 understanding of the life sciences. All of these would help China get ready to send people to the Moon or Mars. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. Their job is not easy, 9 it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 10 write the next part of human space history. B    trillion  dream  in  board  with  we  set  mystery  spacecraft  answer  experience A Journey to the Mysterious Universe People have looked up at the night sky and wondered about the 11 universe since ancient times. Some believed it was the home of gods, while others 12 of traveling among the stars. Today, our dream is becoming reality. Scientists and engineers cooperate 13 each other to build amazing 14 that can carry humans and robots into space. 15 case of emergencies, these spacecraft have special systems to keep everyone safe. When astronauts board a spacecraft, they know they are about to 16 something amazing. On 17 , they work together to explore new worlds. So far, humans have 18 foot on the moon, and unmanned probes have traveled to other planets. The universe is huge—there are 19 of galaxies waiting to be discovered. By continuing to cooperate with each other, we can learn more about our place in this universe and maybe even find 20 to some of humanity’s oldest questions. Space exploration teaches 21 that with curiosity, courage, and cooperation, there are no limits to what we can achieve. $ Unit 2 Beyond Earth 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 A 单词 1. beyond 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 2. mission 任务；使命 3. telescope 望远镜 4. rover 探测器；漫游者 5. manned 载人的；需人操作的 6. launch 发射；发起（v.&n.） 7. weightless 失重的；无重量的 8. movement 活动；运动 9. asleep 睡着（的） 10. tie 系上；束紧；领带（v.&n.） 11. geology 地质；地质学 12. satellite 人造卫星；卫星 13. crazy 疯狂的；不理智的 14. require 要求；需要 15. cancel 取消；终止 16. publish 刊登；出版 17. rocket 火箭 18. exoplanet 系外行星 19. solar 太阳的；太阳能的 20. god 神 21. mysterious 神秘的；奇怪的 22. spacecraft 宇宙飞船 23. board 板；牌子 24. billion 十亿 25. trillion 万亿；兆 26. completely 彻底地；完全地 27. cooperate 合作；协作 28. galaxy 星系 29. imagination 想象力；想像 30. expectation 期望；希望 31. craft 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 32. spaceship （航天）飞船 33. survey 测绘；民意调查 34. crowded 人（太）多的；拥挤的 35. operate 操作；运行 B 短语 1. fall asleep 入睡 2. human beings 人；人类 3. in case 以防万一 4. on board 在船（或火车、飞机）上 5. cooperate with 合作；协作；配合 6. set foot on 访问；参观（某地） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. weight；weightless 2. asleep；sleepy 3. movement；moving 4. mystery 5. spacecraft 6. complete；complete 7. expectation；expected 8. cooperation 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1.beyond, 2.mission, 3.launch, 4.Tie, 5.geology, 6.satellite, 7.cancel, 8.solar, 9.rocket, 10.spaceship, 11.geology, 12.Satellites, 13.crazy, 14.solar, 15.spacecraft, 16.craft, 17.survey, 18.operate 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.weight, 2.weightless, 3.asleep, 4.sleepy, 5.movement, 6.moving, 7.mystery, 8.spacecraft, 9.completely, 10.complete, 11.expectations, 12.expected, 13.cooperation 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.fall asleep，2.in case，3.on board，4.cooperate with，5.set foot 四、单项选择 1.A，2.B，3.B，4.A，5.B，6.C，7.D，8.B，9.A，10.A，11.D，12.A，13.B，14.B，15.B，16.B 一、完形填空 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B 二、选词填空 1．launched 2．weightless 3．tied 4．in 5．spacesuits 6．them 7．missions 8．better 9．but 10．helping 11．mysterious 12．dreamed/dreamt 13．with 14．spacecraft 15．In 16．experience 17．board 18．set 19．trillions 20．answers 21．us 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $