08练-2026年【暑假分层作业】人教版 必修二Unit2-夯实基础+能力提升

**基本信息** 围绕“Wildlife Protection”主题，采用“基础巩固-能力提升-语篇应用”三层设计，通过词汇、语法到阅读的递进路径，强化语言能力与思维品质，适配暑假分层学习需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|单元核心词汇（词形转换）、短语句式|通过词形转换（如illegal-legal等）和句式填空（如“正在被修理”）夯实语言基础，对应语言能力培养| |提升层|语法点（时态语态、非谓语等）、语篇语法填空|结合流浪猫测量文物趣味语篇，考查语法综合运用，体现学习能力中的策略运用| |应用层|完形填空（语境词汇）、阅读理解（推理分析）|以狗主人助保护区播种、宠物与性格关联等真实情境，提升语篇理解与思维品质，渗透文化意识中的责任担当|

第08练 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 1. 【词汇过关】 1．________ adj. 不合法的; 非法的→________ adj. 法律的; 与法律相关的; 合法的→________ adv. 不合法地; 非法地→________ adv. 法律上; 合法地 2．________ adj. 惊人的; 使人惊恐的→________ adj. 担心的; 害怕的→________ adv. 惊人地; 让人担忧地→________ vt. 使惊恐; 使害怕; 使担心n. 恐慌; 警报; 警报器 3．________ adj. 已灭绝的→________ n. (植物、动物、生活方式等的) 灭绝; 绝种; 消亡 4．________ adj. 知道的; 发觉的; 有……意识的→________ n. 知道; 认识; 意识→________ adj. 未察觉的; 不知道的 5．________ vt. 使遭受危险; 危害→________ adj. 濒危的; 濒临灭绝的→________ n. 危险→________ adj. 危险的 6．________ vi. 适应 vt. 使适应; 使适合→________ n. 适应; 改写本 7．________ vi. & vt. 按; 压; 逼迫→________ n. 压力; 要求 8．________ n. 美; 美人; 美好的东西→________ adj. 美丽的; 美好的→________ adv. 美好地; 很好→________ v. 美化; 使更美丽 9．________ adj. 有效的; 生效的→________ adv. 有效地; 实际上→________ n. 影响; 效果 10．________ vi. 痊愈; 恢复; 康复 vt. 找回; 寻回→________ n. 恢复; 痊愈 11．________ vi. & vt. 打算; 计划; 想要→________ n. 打算; 计划; 意图; 目的 12．________ n. 感情; 情感; 情绪→________ adj. 情感的; 情绪的; 感情冲动的→________ adv. 感情上; 情绪上; 情绪冲动地 2. 【短语和句式过关】 13．Since your computer ____________ (正在被修理), you can use mine. 14．I’m ________________ (关注，关心) the present situation of the environment. 15．There ________________ (仍然存在一些常见错误) in our compositions that we should avoid. 16．To stay competitive in the global market, companies must constantly ________________ (降低成本) without sacrificing quality. 17．With consistent effort and good study habits, students can __________ (取得进步) in their learning. 18．Governments have established laws to ________________ (保护濒危物种) from poaching, habitat loss, and illegal trade. 3. 【语法过关】 19．As soon as the bell rings, all the students (immediate) go back to their seats and prepare for class. 20．Too much study (press) will stop teenagers from enjoying their daily hobbies and relaxing properly. 21．The experts never imagine the global warming have increased at such an (alarm) rate. 22．The new science lab (build) these days and will be completed next month. 23．Some villagers reported a huge snake, (measure) over two meters long, was found dead in a nearby cave. 24．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．He loved to explore the woods around his house, (observe) how nature solved problems. 26．The exhibition, which (hold) in the school art gallery now, will last until June 30th. 27．The high-speed railway connects the two cities, (reduce) the travel time dramatically. 28．There (exist) many effective ways to enrich our after-school spare time. 4. 【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever imagined using your pet cat as a unit (单位) of measurement? At China’s Palace Museum, also 29 (know) as the Forbidden City, this fun idea has been brought to life. The museum is home 30 nearly 200 stray cats (流浪猫). These cats are not just cute animals — they 31 (consider) an important part of the museum. Thanks to the museum’s social media, these cats have become very popular. They often appear in beautiful photos, 32 attract thousands of visitors to the palace every year. They have even inspired many creative 33 (product). Recently, a cat named Papa has taken on a new and unusual role: a unit of measurement for the cultural relics on display. After careful measurement, the staff found Papa’s sitting 34 (high) is about 30 cm. Now, visitors can compare artworks 35 (use) “Papa units.” For example, the famous Jin’ou Yonggu Cup is 0.42 Papas tall (about 12.5 cm). This creative idea has excited many netizens. It reflects a broader trend in Chinese cultural institutions, which are finding new ways 36 (bridge) the gap between traditional culture and modern life. It also represents 37 significant step in making history personal and enjoyable. By making history increasingly lively and interesting, they help people enjoy culture in a 38 (total) new way! 5. 【完形填空过关】 Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England. So dog owners were 39 when they were told their dogs could run free in the reserve, as long as the pups would wear backpacks filled with 40 . The Nature Reserve was so popular that many of its native wildflowers and grasses had 41 after decades of use. People 42 they wouldn’t see any plants coming up. The Lewes Wildlife Trust decided that using dogs would be a 43 way to help reseed the ground. As dogs 44 , the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily 45 on the 25-acre reserve. Barbara Haydon was among the dog owners who came to help with the 46 . She put backpacks 47 by the reserve on her three golden retrievers (金毛犬) and set them free to run around the area while 48 seeds. “It was a good 49 for my energetic dogs. I was glad to see them doing something 50 for the environment, just by being themselves,” Haydon said. “They 51 it greatly, and so did I.” Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off. Small green 52 are appearing all over the forest floor. “It was brilliant to 53 our local dog walkers in the project,” said Helen Meade, CEO of the Wildlife Trust, “and we hope to keep it going for a couple of years.” 39．A．worried B．surprised C．ashamed D．disappointed 40．A．food B．water C．toys D．seeds 41．A．extended B．returned C．grown D．disappeared 42．A．admitted B．explained C．feared D．confirmed 43．A．final B．real C．simple D．traditional 44．A．turned around B．raced around C．showed up D．lined up 45．A．reach B．notice C．recognize D．count 46．A．offer B．game C．effort D．problem 47．A．produced B．supplied C．donated D．deserted 48．A．saving B．collecting C．removing D．spreading 49．A．fit B．treat C．training D．lesson 50．A．familiar B．useful C．convenient D．attractive 51．A．trusted B．missed C．enjoyed D．deserved 52．A．shoots B．roots C．fruits D．flowers 53．A．persuade B．employ C．recommend D．involve 6. 【阅读能力提升】 Dogs are loyal, loving pets. They rush to greet you and offer comfort on hard days. Cats, in contrast, don’t care about your bad day. Cat people have reputations for being odd and independent. Dog people for being friendly and easygoing. People even rate strangers photographed with dogs as more likable than people pictured with cats. Do these stereotypes (刻板印象) have any basis in reality? Psychologist Sam Gosling of the University of Texas sought to investigate this very question. In one approach, he had pet owners complete standardized personality inventories. The results suggested a correlative mirroring: similar to popular perceptions of their pets, cat owners tended to score higher in traits like curiosity, and creativity, often exhibiting a stronger preference for solitude. Dog owners, more frequently identified as outgoing, energetic, relaxed, placed greater emphasis on traits like dutifulness and loyalty. Researchers also found a different way to study the personalities. First, they used object recognition technology to identify users who posted pictures of cats or dogs on social media. Then, they compared what those people shared online. Dog people looked more social and easygoing. They averaged more friends and posted more often about feeling proud or excited. Cat people were more likely to be single and to post about feeling tired, annoyed, or sad. But cat people also seemed more intellectual and open-minded. They liked social media pages about books, TV shows, and movies more than dog people did. People might disagree with these findings because they can think of exceptions. Some cat owners are outgoing. Some dog owners are worriers. That doesn’t make research on cat and dog people wrong. Like most researches, it focuses on groups of people. It describes what is true in general, not what is true for each individual. It seems logical for people who like alone time to choose cats. It makes sense for active, outgoing people to choose dogs. But it may not be that simple. Pets also might shape personality. “I wouldn’t be surprised if it works both ways,” Gosling says. Shy dog owners might not become the life of the party, but their daily walks might get them talking to neighbors. 54．What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 2? A．Laziness. B．Aloneness. C．Dependence. D．Loyalty. 55．What can be learned from researchers’ study? A．These stereotypes don’t have any basis in reality. B．Cat people are more social and approachable. C．Personalities are definitely linked to hobbies. D．Dog people have a strong sense of pride. 56．What is the exception people can think of? A．Some cat owners are responsible. B．Some dog owners are energetic. C．The research on cat and dog people is wrong. D．Most researches focus on groups of people. 57．According to Gosling, how can a shy person possibly change by having a dog? A．Become the most popular person. B．Talk to neighbors more. C．Become more worried. D．Take more pictures. 58．What is the best title of the text? A．Pet Project: How Your Cat or Dog Might Help You B．Do Dog People and Cat People Really Like Each Other? C．The Cat-Dog Divide: Mirror, Mirror, Who’s More Like Their Pet? D．Why Are Dog People and Cat People So Different? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第08练 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（解析版） 1. 【词汇过关】 1．________ adj. 不合法的; 非法的→________ adj. 法律的; 与法律相关的; 合法的→________ adv. 不合法地; 非法地→________ adv. 法律上; 合法地 2．________ adj. 惊人的; 使人惊恐的→________ adj. 担心的; 害怕的→________ adv. 惊人地; 让人担忧地→________ vt. 使惊恐; 使害怕; 使担心n. 恐慌; 警报; 警报器 3．________ adj. 已灭绝的→________ n. (植物、动物、生活方式等的) 灭绝; 绝种; 消亡 4．________ adj. 知道的; 发觉的; 有……意识的→________ n. 知道; 认识; 意识→________ adj. 未察觉的; 不知道的 5．________ vt. 使遭受危险; 危害→________ adj. 濒危的; 濒临灭绝的→________ n. 危险→________ adj. 危险的 6．________ vi. 适应 vt. 使适应; 使适合→________ n. 适应; 改写本 7．________ vi. & vt. 按; 压; 逼迫→________ n. 压力; 要求 8．________ n. 美; 美人; 美好的东西→________ adj. 美丽的; 美好的→________ adv. 美好地; 很好→________ v. 美化; 使更美丽 9．________ adj. 有效的; 生效的→________ adv. 有效地; 实际上→________ n. 影响; 效果 10．________ vi. 痊愈; 恢复; 康复 vt. 找回; 寻回→________ n. 恢复; 痊愈 11．________ vi. & vt. 打算; 计划; 想要→________ n. 打算; 计划; 意图; 目的 12．________ n. 感情; 情感; 情绪→________ adj. 情感的; 情绪的; 感情冲动的→________ adv. 感情上; 情绪上; 情绪冲动地 【答案】 1． illegal legal illegally legally 2． alarming alarmed alarmingly alarm 3． extinct extinction 4． aware awareness unaware 5． endanger endangered danger dangerous 6． adapt adaptation 7． press pressure 8． beauty beautiful beautifully beautify 9． effective effectively effect 10． recover recovery 11． intend intention 12． emotion emotional emotionally 【解析】略 2. 【短语和句式过关】 13．Since your computer ____________ (正在被修理), you can use mine.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is being repaired/is under repair 【详解】句意：既然你的电脑正在修理，你可以用我的。表示“修理”用repair，与主语为被动关系，且表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用is being repaired。也可以使用be under repair，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。 14．I’m (关注，关心) the present situation of the environment. 【答案】concerned about 【详解】句意：我很关心当前的环境状况。“关注，关心”是固定短语be concerned about。 15．There ________________ (仍然存在一些常见错误) in our compositions that we should avoid. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】still exist some common mistakes 【详解】句意：我们的作文中仍存在一些常见的错误，应当避免。“仍然”是still，“存在”是exist，“一些常见错误”是some common mistakes，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，there exist句型中根据就近原则确定谓语形式，即根据mistakes确定谓语，mistakes是复数，因此exist用原形。 16．To stay competitive in the global market, companies must constantly ________________ (降低成本) without sacrificing quality. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】reduce costs 【详解】句意：为了在全球市场上保持竞争力，企业必须在不牺牲质量的前提下不断降低成本。表示“降低”应用动词reduce，在情态动词must后应用动词原形。表示“成本”应用名词cost，此处指公司泛指的多项成本，用名词复数costs。 17．With consistent effort and good study habits, students can __________ (取得进步) in their learning. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】make progress 【详解】句意：凭借持续的努力和良好的学习习惯，学生可以在学习中取得进步。根据汉语提示“取得进步”可知，本空用动词短语make progress。情态动词can后接动词原形。 18．Governments have established laws to ________________ (保护濒危物种) from poaching, habitat loss, and illegal trade. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】protect endangered species 【详解】句意：政府已制定法律，保护濒危物种免受偷猎、栖息地丧失和非法贸易的侵害。根据汉语提示“保护濒危物种”及空前“to”可知，此处构成动词不定式短语作目的状语，可填protect endangered species。 3. 【语法过关】 19．As soon as the bell rings, all the students (immediate) go back to their seats and prepare for class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】immediately 【详解】句意：铃声一响，所有学生立刻回到座位，准备上课。空格修饰动词短语go back，需要使用副词；形容词immediate的副词形式为immediately“立刻、马上”。 20．Too much study (press) will stop teenagers from enjoying their daily hobbies and relaxing properly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pressure 【详解】句意：过重的学业压力会让青少年无法享受日常爱好、无法适度放松。空格前Too much study作定语修饰空格单词，此处需要名词；press的名词形式pressure，表示“压力”，为不可数名词。 21．The experts never imagine the global warming have increased at such an (alarm) rate. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】alarming 【详解】句意：专家从未想到全球变暖正以如此惊人的速度加剧。空格后是名词 rate（速率），需要填入形容词作定语修饰该名词。alarming是形容词，意为“令人担忧的、惊人的”，用于描述事物的性质特征；alarmed也是形容词，意为“感到惊慌的”，用于描述人的情绪。此处修饰rate，表达“惊人的速度”，描述事物属性，因此填alarming。 22．The new science lab (build) these days and will be completed next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being built 【详解】句意：这座新的科学实验室这些天正在建造中，将于下个月完工。 时间状语these days表示现阶段正在进行的动作，句中主语the new science lab和动词build为被动关系，需使用现在进行时的被动语态，结构为be being done。主语lab是单数，be动词用is，build的过去分词为 built。 23．Some villagers reported a huge snake, (measure) over two meters long, was found dead in a nearby cave. 【答案】measuring 【详解】句意：一些村民报告说，在附近的一个山洞里发现了一条长两米多的死蛇。a huge snake, _____ (measure) over two meters long, was found dead in a nearby cave.这是宾语从句，句子的主语a huge snake，谓语动词是was found；空格处的动词应该用非谓语动词，snake与measure之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。 24．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being shown 【详解】句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式，be动词用are，show的过去分词为shown。 25．He loved to explore the woods around his house, (observe) how nature solved problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】observing 【详解】句意：句意：他喜欢探索自家周边的树林，观察大自然如何解决各类问题。主句已有谓语动词loved，空处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语He与observe是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。 26．The exhibition, which (hold) in the school art gallery now, will last until June 30th. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being held 【详解】句意：这场当下正在学校美术馆举办的展览将持续至6月30日。从句主语which指代先行词the exhibition，与hold为被动关系；时间标志now表示动作正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态，which是单数意义，因此谓语用is being held。 27．The high-speed railway connects the two cities, (reduce) the travel time dramatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reducing 【详解】句意：高铁连接了这两座城市，大幅缩短了旅行时间。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用reduce“减少”的现在分词形式。 28．There (exist) many effective ways to enrich our after-school spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exist 【详解】句意：存在许多有效方式可以丰富我们的课余生活。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，复数名词ways作主语，故用复数谓语。 4. 【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever imagined using your pet cat as a unit (单位) of measurement? At China’s Palace Museum, also 29 (know) as the Forbidden City, this fun idea has been brought to life. The museum is home 30 nearly 200 stray cats (流浪猫). These cats are not just cute animals — they 31 (consider) an important part of the museum. Thanks to the museum’s social media, these cats have become very popular. They often appear in beautiful photos, 32 attract thousands of visitors to the palace every year. They have even inspired many creative 33 (product). Recently, a cat named Papa has taken on a new and unusual role: a unit of measurement for the cultural relics on display. After careful measurement, the staff found Papa’s sitting 34 (high) is about 30 cm. Now, visitors can compare artworks 35 (use) “Papa units.” For example, the famous Jin’ou Yonggu Cup is 0.42 Papas tall (about 12.5 cm). This creative idea has excited many netizens. It reflects a broader trend in Chinese cultural institutions, which are finding new ways 36 (bridge) the gap between traditional culture and modern life. It also represents 37 significant step in making history personal and enjoyable. By making history increasingly lively and interesting, they help people enjoy culture in a 38 (total) new way! 【答案】 29．known 30．to 31．are considered 32．which 33．products 34．height 35．using 36．to bridge 37．a 38．totally 【导语】本文主要说明了故宫有许多流浪猫走红，猫咪帕帕被当作文物测量单位。该创意拉近传统文化与大众，让历史变得生动有趣，是文博创新传播的新方式。 【详解】29．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国故宫，也被称作紫禁城，这一有趣的创意也得以实现。短语be known as表示“被称为”，过去分词作定语。 30．考查介词。句意：博物馆里住着近200只流浪猫。短语be home to表示“是……的所在地、栖息地”。 31．考查时态和语态。句意：这些猫不仅是可爱的动物，它们还被视为博物馆的重要组成部分。主语they与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文These cats are not just cute animals可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。 32．考查定语从句。句意：它们经常出现在精美的照片中，这些照片每年都吸引成千上万的游客来到故宫。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面photos，作从句主语，用which。 33．考查名词的数。句意：它们甚至启发了许多创意产品。根据上文many可知用复数。 34．考查名词。句意：工作人员经过仔细测量，得出帕帕坐着时的身高约三十厘米。sitting后需名词作宾语，high的名词 height意为“高度”。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，游客可以使用“帕帕单位”来比较艺术品。此处use与visitors构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：这反映了中国文化机构更广泛的发展趋势，即通过新的方式弥合传统文化与现代生活之间的鸿沟。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。 37．考查冠词。句意：这也代表着在让历史变得个性化和有趣方面迈出了重要一步。此处step为泛指，且significant是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。 38．考查副词。句意：通过让历史变得越来越生动有趣，他们帮助人们以一种全新的方式享受文化！修饰形容词new用副词totally。 5. 【完形填空过关】 Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England. So dog owners were 39 when they were told their dogs could run free in the reserve, as long as the pups would wear backpacks filled with 40 . The Nature Reserve was so popular that many of its native wildflowers and grasses had 41 after decades of use. People 42 they wouldn’t see any plants coming up. The Lewes Wildlife Trust decided that using dogs would be a 43 way to help reseed the ground. As dogs 44 , the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily 45 on the 25-acre reserve. Barbara Haydon was among the dog owners who came to help with the 46 . She put backpacks 47 by the reserve on her three golden retrievers (金毛犬) and set them free to run around the area while 48 seeds. “It was a good 49 for my energetic dogs. I was glad to see them doing something 50 for the environment, just by being themselves,” Haydon said. “They 51 it greatly, and so did I.” Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off. Small green 52 are appearing all over the forest floor. “It was brilliant to 53 our local dog walkers in the project,” said Helen Meade, CEO of the Wildlife Trust, “and we hope to keep it going for a couple of years.” 39．A．worried B．surprised C．ashamed D．disappointed 40．A．food B．water C．toys D．seeds 41．A．extended B．returned C．grown D．disappeared 42．A．admitted B．explained C．feared D．confirmed 43．A．final B．real C．simple D．traditional 44．A．turned around B．raced around C．showed up D．lined up 45．A．reach B．notice C．recognize D．count 46．A．offer B．game C．effort D．problem 47．A．produced B．supplied C．donated D．deserted 48．A．saving B．collecting C．removing D．spreading 49．A．fit B．treat C．training D．lesson 50．A．familiar B．useful C．convenient D．attractive 51．A．trusted B．missed C．enjoyed D．deserved 52．A．shoots B．roots C．fruits D．flowers 53．A．persuade B．employ C．recommend D．involve 【答案】 39．B 40．D 41．D 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 【导语】本文讲述了英国刘易斯的自然保护区原本禁止狗不拴绳进入，但当地野生动物信托基金会却破例允许狗自由活动，前提是狗需要背着装有种子的背包帮助保护区补种原生植物，这一举措既让狗享受在自然环境中自由奔跑，又帮助恢复生态。 【详解】39．考查形容词。句意：因此，当狗主人得知，只要小狗背着装满种子的背包就可以在保护区里自由奔跑时，他们十分惊讶。A. worried担心的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England.”可知，该保护区原本禁止狗不拴绳进入，现在突然破例允许狗自由活动，对于主人来说这是意料之外的事。 40．考查名词。句意：因此，当狗主人得知，只要小狗背着装满种子的背包就可以在保护区里自由奔跑时，他们十分惊讶。A. food食物；B. water水；C. toys玩具；D. seeds种子。根据后文“help reseed the ground”以及“the seeds would drop from the backpacks”可知，背包里装的是种子。 41．考查动词。句意：自然保护区非常受欢迎，以至于经过多年的使用，其许多本土野花和草类已经消失了。A. extended延伸；B. returned返回；C. grown生长；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“they wouldn’t see any plants coming up”以及“help reseed the ground”可知，许多原生的植物已经消失了。 42．考查动词。句意：人们担心再也看不到植物长出来了。A. admitted承认；B. explained解释；C. feared担心；D. confirmed确认。上文“many of its native wildflowers and grasses had ______ after decades of use”提到许多原生植物已经消失，此处指人们担心再也没有植物长出来。 43．考查形容词。句意：刘易斯野生动物信托基金会决定，利用狗来帮助给土地重新播种是一个简单的方法。A. final最终的；B. real真实的；C. simple简单的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“As dogs _____, the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily _____ on the 25-acre reserve.”可知，这个方法只需要让奔跑的狗携带带孔的背包来播撒种子，操作十分简单。 44．考查动词短语。句意：当狗四处奔跑时，种子会从带着小孔的背包中掉出来，掉落到这片25英亩的保护区里人类不容易到达的区域。A. turned around转身；B. raced around四处奔跑；C. showed up出现；D. lined up排队。根据前文“their dogs could run free in the reserve”以及后文“set them free to run around the area”可知，此处指狗四处奔跑。 45．考查动词。句意：当狗四处奔跑时，种子会从带着小孔的背包中掉出来，掉落到这片25英亩的保护区里人类不容易到达的区域。A. reach到达；B. notice注意；C. recognize认出；D. count计数。根据上文“in areas that humans couldn’t easily”并结合常识，狗可以进入地形复杂的区域活动，这些区域往往是人类不容易到达的地方。 46．考查名词。句意：芭芭拉·海登是来出力的狗主人之一。A. offer提议；B. game游戏；C. effort努力；D. problem问题。这个重新播种的保护项目是众人一起为保护区生态恢复做出的努力，后文“see the dogs’ efforts pay off”也提示此处填effort。 47．考查动词。句意：她把保护区提供的背包套在她的三只金毛寻回犬身上，放它们在区域里自由奔跑播撒种子。A. produced生产；B. supplied提供；C. donated捐赠；D. deserted抛弃。根据后文“by the reserve”可知，这些背包是主办方保护区提供给狗主人使用的。 48．考查动词。句意：她把保护区提供的背包套在她的三只金毛寻回犬身上，放它们在区域里自由奔跑播撒种子。A. saving拯救；B. collecting收集；C. removing移除；D. spreading播撒。根据上文“As dogs _____, the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily _____ on the 25-acre reserve.”并结合项目目的，狗背着种子背包的作用就是通过活动把种子播撒在保护区。 49．考查名词。句意：这对我精力充沛的狗来说非常合适。A. fit合适；B. treat款待；C. training训练；D. lesson课程。根据上文“set them free to run around the area”和下文“for my energetic dogs”并结合常识，狗本身精力充沛，自由奔跑活动对狗来说是很好的锻炼，非常适合，a good fit for...意为“非常适合……”。 50．考查形容词。句意：我很高兴看到它们只用做自己，就能做一些对环境有益的事。A. familiar熟悉的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient方便的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据上文“using dogs would be a ______ way to help reseed the ground”可知，这个项目利用狗播种来帮助保护区恢复生态，因此狗的活动对环境是有用的。 51．考查动词。句意：它们玩得非常开心，我也很开心。A. trusted信任；B. missed想念；C. enjoyed享受，喜爱；D. deserved值得。根据前文“set them free to run around the area while ______ seeds”可知，狗自由奔跑，很享受这件事。 52．考查名词。句意：小小的绿芽已经遍布林地各处。A. shoots芽；B. roots根；C. fruits果实；D. flowers花。根据上文“Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off”可知，五个月后开始看到成果，刚刚长出来的是绿色的新芽。 53．考查动词。句意：野生动物信托基金会的CEO海伦·米德表示：“让当地遛狗的人参与到这个项目中来真是太妙了，我们希望再持续几年。”A. persuade说服；B. employ雇用；C. recommend推荐；D. involve使参与。根据空后“our local dog walkers in the project”可知，这个项目邀请了当地狗主人和他们的狗参与进来，involve sb. in sth.表示“让某人参与某事”。 6. 【阅读能力提升】 Dogs are loyal, loving pets. They rush to greet you and offer comfort on hard days. Cats, in contrast, don’t care about your bad day. Cat people have reputations for being odd and independent. Dog people for being friendly and easygoing. People even rate strangers photographed with dogs as more likable than people pictured with cats. Do these stereotypes (刻板印象) have any basis in reality? Psychologist Sam Gosling of the University of Texas sought to investigate this very question. In one approach, he had pet owners complete standardized personality inventories. The results suggested a correlative mirroring: similar to popular perceptions of their pets, cat owners tended to score higher in traits like curiosity, and creativity, often exhibiting a stronger preference for solitude. Dog owners, more frequently identified as outgoing, energetic, relaxed, placed greater emphasis on traits like dutifulness and loyalty. Researchers also found a different way to study the personalities. First, they used object recognition technology to identify users who posted pictures of cats or dogs on social media. Then, they compared what those people shared online. Dog people looked more social and easygoing. They averaged more friends and posted more often about feeling proud or excited. Cat people were more likely to be single and to post about feeling tired, annoyed, or sad. But cat people also seemed more intellectual and open-minded. They liked social media pages about books, TV shows, and movies more than dog people did. People might disagree with these findings because they can think of exceptions. Some cat owners are outgoing. Some dog owners are worriers. That doesn’t make research on cat and dog people wrong. Like most researches, it focuses on groups of people. It describes what is true in general, not what is true for each individual. It seems logical for people who like alone time to choose cats. It makes sense for active, outgoing people to choose dogs. But it may not be that simple. Pets also might shape personality. “I wouldn’t be surprised if it works both ways,” Gosling says. Shy dog owners might not become the life of the party, but their daily walks might get them talking to neighbors. 54．What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 2? A．Laziness. B．Aloneness. C．Dependence. D．Loyalty. 55．What can be learned from researchers’ study? A．These stereotypes don’t have any basis in reality. B．Cat people are more social and approachable. C．Personalities are definitely linked to hobbies. D．Dog people have a strong sense of pride. 56．What is the exception people can think of? A．Some cat owners are responsible. B．Some dog owners are energetic. C．The research on cat and dog people is wrong. D．Most researches focus on groups of people. 57．According to Gosling, how can a shy person possibly change by having a dog? A．Become the most popular person. B．Talk to neighbors more. C．Become more worried. D．Take more pictures. 58．What is the best title of the text? A．Pet Project: How Your Cat or Dog Might Help You B．Do Dog People and Cat People Really Like Each Other? C．The Cat-Dog Divide: Mirror, Mirror, Who’s More Like Their Pet? D．Why Are Dog People and Cat People So Different? 【答案】54．B 55．D 56．A 57．B 58．C 【导语】文章通过心理学研究对比养猫、养狗人群的性格差异，证明主人性格与宠物特质存在镜像关联，同时指出二者性格会互相影响，研究结论仅适用于群体而非个体。 【详解】54．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The results suggested a correlative mirroring: similar to popular perceptions of their pets, cat owners tended to score higher in traits like curiosity, and creativity, often exhibiting a stronger preference for solitude.(研究结果显示二者存在关联性映射：和大众对自家宠物的普遍印象相似，养猫人群往往在好奇心、创造力等特质上得分更高，且通常更偏爱solitude。)”并结合前文第一段“Cat people have reputations for being odd and independent.(养猫的人向来以古怪、独立闻名)”可判断， solitude意为“独处、独自”，对应Aloneness。 55．细节理解题。根据第三段“Dog people looked more social and easygoing. They averaged more friends and posted more often about feeling proud or excited.(养狗的人看起来更擅长社交、随和，好友数量普遍更多，还更常发布表达自豪或兴奋心情的动态。)”可知，养狗人群更有强烈的自豪感。 56．细节理解题。根据第二段“Dog owners, more frequently identified as outgoing, energetic, relaxed, placed greater emphasis on traits like dutifulness and loyalty.(养狗人士通常被认为外向、精力充沛且心态随和，他们更看重尽责与忠诚这类品质。)”以及结合选项可知，文章主要讲养狗主人更有责任心，选项中A项“Some cat owners are responsible.(部分养猫主人很有责任心。)”属于研究以外的情况，即人们想到的例外情况。 57．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Shy dog owners might not become the life of the party, but their daily walks might get them talking to neighbors.(害羞的养狗人或许不会成为派对焦点，但日常遛狗会让他们多和邻居交谈。)”可知，养狗能让内向的人多和邻居交流。 58．主旨大意题。通读全文特别是根据第二段“The results suggested a correlative mirroring: similar to popular perceptions of their pets, cat owners tended to score higher in traits like curiosity, and creativity, often exhibiting a stronger preference for solitude. Dog owners, more frequently identified as outgoing, energetic, relaxed, placed greater emphasis on traits like dutifulness and loyalty.(研究结果揭示了一种关联性对应关系：正如人们对自家宠物的固有印象一样，养猫者往往在好奇心、创造力这类特质上得分更高，且大多更偏爱独处。而养狗者通常性格外向、精力充沛、心态平和，更看重责任心与忠诚这类品质。)”可知，全文围绕养猫、养狗人群性格是否和宠物特质相似展开研究论述，所以C项“The Cat-Dog Divide: Mirror, Mirror, Who’s More Like Their Pet?(猫狗性格差异：照照镜子，谁更像自家宠物？)”包含宠物与人性格互为映照的核心内容，符合文意。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $