07练-2026年【暑假分层作业】 人教版必修二Unit2-夯实基础+能力提升

**基本信息** 高中英语Unit1 Culture Heritage暑假同步练，以“基础过关-能力提升”分层设计，构建词汇-句型-语法-语篇递进路径，融合文化意识培育与语言能力训练。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |词汇过关|核心词汇变形（如contribution→contribute）|聚焦词性转换，夯实语言基础能力| |短语和句式过关|动词时态、定语从句等句式应用|通过语境填空强化语法规则理解| |语法过关|时态、从句、词性转换等语法点|单题考查单一语法点，注重准确性| |语法填空能力提升|语篇中语法综合应用|以“Pop Mart与非遗”为主题，渗透文化意识| |阅读能力提升|跨文化沟通、文化遗产保护|A篇训练思维品质，B篇通过长城守护者事迹深化家国情怀|

第07练 Unit 1 Culture Heritage 1. 【词汇过关】 1．contribution n. 贡献→________________ v. 贡献；捐献 2．relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→________________ vt. 使减轻；缓解 3．donate vt. 捐赠→________________ n. 捐赠物→________________ n. 捐赠者 4．________________ adj. 真实的→________________ n. 真实；事实；现实 5．disability n. 伤残；无力；无能→________________ vt. 使残废；使失去能力→________________ adj. 伤残的 6．hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑→________________ n. 犹豫 7．assistance n. 协助；援助→________________ v. 帮助；援助→________________ n. 助手 8．________________ v. （尤指通过提供更多证据）证实，进一步确定→________________ n. 证实，证明 9．________________ v. 完成；达到→________________ n. 成就；功绩 10．________________ vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待n. 款待；招待→________________ n. 治疗；疗法 2. 【短语和句式过关】 11．They _______________ (一直在重建这座古庙) since last spring. 12．He works in a company ________ (生产手机). 13．They talked about the people and things ___________________ (他们所见到的). (提示：先行词人 + 物，只用 that) 14．The old man ___________________（我们昨天拜访的）is very kind.（提示：先行词人，从句缺宾语） 15．We should respect the people ________________ (从不轻易放弃的) and keep fighting for their dreams. 16．This is the best method ________________ (我曾经尝试过的) to improve my English writing skills. 3. 【语法过关】 17．Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 18．Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate they were invented. 19．It shocked the athlete that the medal he won in the championship was lost. 20．The Mid-Autumn Festival celebration will very (like) attract more international students in this year. 21．What deeply depressed Beethoven was his hearing (lose). 22．We will explore a particular type of food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 23．This is the only chance we can get to improve ourselves. 24．We have reached a stage we must make quick decisions. 25．The group asked for (contribute) from different countries. 26．The reading materials (download) from some websites when the computer crashed. 4. 【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pop Mart and Intangible Cultural Heritage Pop Mart, a famous Chinese toy company, has been making great efforts 27 (promote) traditional Chinese culture in recent years. It has cooperated 28 (close) with inheritors of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) to create trendy toys with ICH elements. One of its most popular 29 (collection) uses the cute MOLLY cartoon character that shows traditional Chinese art forms, such as paper-cutting, Chinese painting and shadow puppetry.These old arts are loved by young people again, 30 makes more people know about our great culture. 31 is amazing that these trendy toys have made ICH much 32 (popular) among young people. Instead of being shown only in museums, 33 (tradition) arts no longer disappear from daily life and win great popularity. Pop Mart not only designs creative products but also holds more fun ways to spread ICH knowledge. Many young artists 34 (invite) to join the projects and share their ideas on combining tradition with modern fashion. By mixing fashion with tradition, it 35 (help) young generations develop a deeper understanding of our culture. This creative way has proved that tradition can be lively and modern. It sets an excellent example for 36 (protect) and passing down our valuable cultural heritage. 5. 【阅读能力提升】 A Communicating with people from other cultures can be informative and enriching, but also difficult sometimes. Not everything will come out quite right or be fully understood. 37 If you want to master them, the following are some practical suggestions. ●Learn about the culture beforehand. 38 If you have time before going on a trip or meeting with someone from another culture, take the time to learn the basic “do’s and don’ts” of that culture. You can find information on this from some reliable internet sources. ● 39 People from different cultures may speak at different volumes, be more or less direct in showing emotion, have different expectations about “small talk”, and so on. When involved in cross-cultural communication, be prepared to encounter such differences, including those that you were not aware of. ●Be respectful and open-minded. Each culture has its own set of core values, beliefs, and attitudes. 40 In such communication, it is improper to judge people based on these differences. Instead, respect them for what they are, and take the opportunities to learn something new. Armed with the knowledge of how to communicate effectively, you can learn from people from other cultures and share yours with them. 41 A．A little knowledge can go a long way. B．Appreciate varied communication styles. C．Abandon your own communication habits. D．The more details you know, the better you will communicate. E．Thus, signs of these may appear in cross-cultural communication. F．Good cross-cultural communication requires proper communication skills. G．This will help build respect for each other and bridge possible cultural gaps. B Carrying a worn canvas bag and a small notebook, Yue Shuchen moves cautiously along the rugged mountain trail. He bends to pick up rubbish left by tourists, runs his fingers over weathered bricks to check for cracks, and carefully records every detail in his notebook. For nearly thirty years, this has been his routine patrol (巡逻) on the Malingguan Great Wall in Xingtai, Hebei. Yue grew up right at the foot of the ancient wall. In 1997, he caught thieves attempting to remove ancient stone relics and immediately reported the incident to local authorities. “The Great Wall once protected our ancestors. Now it is our turn to protect it,” he told reporters. Inspired by this belief, he made up his mind to devote himself to relic protection and became an official Great Wall guardian in 2013. He covers over ten kilometers on foot two or three times every week, regardless of wind or rain. One rainy afternoon, he slipped on muddy stones and injured his leg, yet he finished the whole journey without pause. He repeatedly persuades tourists not to carve words onto bricks. Many local villagers think the unpaid work is pointless and try to talk him out of it, but he never backs down. When interviewed, Yue said emotionally, “The Great Wall is like an old friend of mine. As long as I can still walk, I will keep patrolling.” Ordinary as he is, his decades-long devotion shows that firm faith and a strong sense of responsibility can turn a common farmer into an extraordinary cultural guardian. 42．What is included in Yue’s daily patrol work? A．Repairing broken bricks of the Great Wall. B．Collecting litter and checking wall conditions. C．Stopping tourists to pick up rubbish. D．Guiding visitors around the scenic spot. 43．What made Yue decide to protect the Great Wall? A．His desire for a well-paid job. B．His worry about tourist damage. C．His wish for official recognition. D．His witness of a relic theft. 44．What does paragraph 3 try to tell us? A．Yue holds his post despite various difficulties. B．Yue successfully stops tourists’ misbehavior. C．Villagers persuade Yue to quit his patrol. D．Bad weather affects Yue’s patrol seriously. 45．Which word can best describe Yue? A．Generous and outgoing. B．Ambitious and strict. C．Devoted and persistent. D．Cautious and wealthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第07练 Unit 1 Culture Heritage （答案解析版） 1. 【词汇过关】 1．contribution n. 贡献→________________ v. 贡献；捐献 2．relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→________________ vt. 使减轻；缓解 3．donate vt. 捐赠→________________ n. 捐赠物→________________ n. 捐赠者 4．________________ adj. 真实的→________________ n. 真实；事实；现实 5．disability n. 伤残；无力；无能→________________ vt. 使残废；使失去能力→________________ adj. 伤残的 6．hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑→________________ n. 犹豫 7．assistance n. 协助；援助→________________ v. 帮助；援助→________________ n. 助手 8．________________ v. （尤指通过提供更多证据）证实，进一步确定→________________ n. 证实，证明 9．________________ v. 完成；达到→________________ n. 成就；功绩 10．________________ vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待n. 款待；招待→________________ n. 治疗；疗法 【答案】 1．contribute 2．relieve 3． donation donator 4． real reality 5． disable disabled 6．hesitation 7． assist assistant 8． confirm confirmation 9． achieve achievement 10． treat treatment 【解析】略 2. 【短语和句式过关】 11．They _______________ (一直在重建这座古庙) since last spring. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】have been rebuilding the old temple 【详解】句意：自去年春天以来，他们一直在重建这座古庙。since last spring表示从那时开始一直持续到现在，可能仍在重建，用现在完成进行时，表示“重建”为rebuild，表示“这座古庙”为the old temple。 12．He works in a company ________ (生产手机). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】which/that produces mobile phones 【详解】句意：他在一家生产手机的公司工作。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用定语从句作定语修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，用which或that引导，“生产手机”表达为produces mobile phones，从句陈述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式produces。 13．They talked about the people and things ___________________ (他们所见到的). (提示：先行词人 + 物，只用 that) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】that they saw 【详解】句意：他们谈论起他们所见到的人和事。根据汉语提示可知，“他们所见到的”为定语从句修饰the people and things，先行词同时包含人和物，规定只能用关系代词that，that在从句中作saw的宾语，表示“他们”为they，主句时态为一般过去时，从句谓语用过去式saw，从句使用陈述语序。 14．The old man ___________________（我们昨天拜访的）is very kind.（提示：先行词人，从句缺宾语）（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】(who/whom/that) we visited yesterday 【详解】句意：昨天我们拜访的那位老人非常善良。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为关系代词who/whom/that引导的定语从句，对先行词The old man进行修饰，表示“我们昨天拜访”可译为we visited yesterday。 15．We should respect the people ________________ (从不轻易放弃的) and keep fighting for their dreams. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】that never give up easily/who never give up easily 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重那些从不轻易放弃、始终为梦想而奋斗的人。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the people指人，且从句缺主语，用关系代词who/that引导；根据汉语提示，表示“从不”用never，表示“放弃”用动词短语give up，根据后文的keep可知，从句中的谓语动词应该使用动词原形与其构成并列；表示“轻易地”用easily，副词作状语修饰动词。 16．This is the best method ________________ (我曾经尝试过的) to improve my English writing skills. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】that I have ever tried/I have ever tried 【详解】句意：这是我曾经试过的提升英语写作能力最好的方法。根据汉语提示“我曾经尝试过的”可知，空处应用定语从句；先行词method被最高级the best修饰，指物且作宾语，引导词只能用that，可省略；“我尝试过的”用现在完成时have tried；“曾经”用副词ever。 3. 【语法过关】 17．Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has established 【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。此空考查谓语动词，主语China与establish为主动关系，再由Up to now可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，所以应填has established。 18．Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate they were invented. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】句意：四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词climate“气候”，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。 19．It shocked the athlete that the medal he won in the championship was lost. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：让这位运动员震惊的是，他在锦标赛中赢得的那枚奖章弄丢了。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the medal（奖章，指事物），且关系词在从句中作won的宾语，因此用关系代词that或which都符合语法规则。 20．The Mid-Autumn Festival celebration will very (like) attract more international students in this year. 【答案】likely 【详解】句意：今年的中秋节庆祝活动很可能会吸引更多的国际学生。空格处修饰动词attract，应用副词形式。like副词形式为likely，意为“很可能地”。 21．What deeply depressed Beethoven was his hearing (lose). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】loss 【详解】句意：让贝多芬极度消沉的是他听力的丧失。此处需用名词作系动词was的表语；lose是动词，其名词形式为loss，表示“丧失，损失”，hearing loss意为“听力丧失”。 22．We will explore a particular type of food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：我们将探索一种特殊的食物，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的联想。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是food，关系词在从句中作power的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。 23．This is the only chance we can get to improve ourselves. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】句意：这是我们能提升自我的唯一机会。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是‌chance‌，指物，且先行词被the only修饰，关系词代替先行词在从句中作get的宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。 24．We have reached a stage we must make quick decisions. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】句意：我们已经到了必须迅速做出决定的阶段。先行词是stage，此处为抽象地点名词，表“阶段、处境”，定语从句“we must make quick decisions”结构完整，不缺主语、宾语或表语，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导该定语从句。 25．The group asked for (contribute) from different countries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contributions 【详解】句意：该团体向不同国家征集了捐款。空处作asked for的宾语，contribute的名词形式contribution符合题意，意为“捐款”，结合“from different countries”可知，可数名词contribution需用复数形式。 26．The reading materials (download) from some websites when the computer crashed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were being downloaded 【详解】句意：电脑崩溃时，阅读资料正从一些网站下载。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，说明动作发生在过去，主句表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语The reading materials和download是被动关系，且主语是复数，因此用过去进行时的被动语态were being downloaded。 4. 【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pop Mart and Intangible Cultural Heritage Pop Mart, a famous Chinese toy company, has been making great efforts 27 (promote) traditional Chinese culture in recent years. It has cooperated 28 (close) with inheritors of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) to create trendy toys with ICH elements. One of its most popular 29 (collection) uses the cute MOLLY cartoon character that shows traditional Chinese art forms, such as paper-cutting, Chinese painting and shadow puppetry.These old arts are loved by young people again, 30 makes more people know about our great culture. 31 is amazing that these trendy toys have made ICH much 32 (popular) among young people. Instead of being shown only in museums, 33 (tradition) arts no longer disappear from daily life and win great popularity. Pop Mart not only designs creative products but also holds more fun ways to spread ICH knowledge. Many young artists 34 (invite) to join the projects and share their ideas on combining tradition with modern fashion. By mixing fashion with tradition, it 35 (help) young generations develop a deeper understanding of our culture. This creative way has proved that tradition can be lively and modern. It sets an excellent example for 36 (protect) and passing down our valuable cultural heritage. 【答案】 27．to promote 28．closely 29．collections 30．which 31．It 32．more popular 33．traditional 34．are invited 35．helps 36．protecting 【导语】本文主要介绍了泡泡玛特通过与非遗传承人合作，将非遗元素融入潮流玩具，用创新方式传播、保护与传承中国传统文化，并让传统艺术重新受到年轻人喜爱。 【详解】27．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，中国著名玩具公司泡泡玛特一直在大力推广中国传统文化。has been making great efforts是make的现在完成进行时态结构，make great efforts to do sth.是固定用法，表示“努力做某事”，此处要用动词不定式to promote。 28．考查副词。句意：它与非物质文化遗产传承人密切合作，打造带有非遗元素的潮流玩具。所填词作状语修饰动词cooperate，要将形容词close变成副词closely。 29．考查名词。句意：它最受欢迎的系列产品之一，采用了可爱的MOLLY卡通形象，这些形象展现了中国传统艺术形式，例如剪纸、中国画和皮影戏。“one of+修饰语+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定结构，名词collection要变成复数形式collections。 30．考查定语从句。句意：这些古老艺术再次受到年轻人喜爱，这让更多人了解我们伟大的文化。“_______makes more people know about our great culture”是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句“These old arts are loved by young people again”，所填关系词在该从句中作主语，关系代词which符合要求。 31．考查固定句型。句意：令人惊讶的是，这些潮流玩具让非物质文化遗产在年轻人中变得更加受欢迎。本句是固定句型“It is amazing that...”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，句首It的首字母必须大写。 32．考查形容词比较级。句意：令人惊讶的是，这些潮流玩具让非物质文化遗产在年轻人中变得更加受欢迎。此句暗含与过去的对比，表示潮流玩具让非物质文化遗产在年轻人中变得更加受欢迎，much修饰形容词popular比较级more popular。 33．考查形容词。句意：传统艺术不再只陈列在博物馆里，也不再从日常生活中消失，反而广受欢迎。所填词作定语修饰名词arts，要将名词tradition变为形容词traditional，表示“传统的”。 34．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：许多年轻艺术家被邀请参与这些项目，并分享他们关于将传统与现代时尚相结合的想法。本句介绍当前客观事实，要用一般现在时；主语artists是复数名词，所填词作谓语，与所给词invite之间是被动关系，要用一般现在时被动语态are invited。 35．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：通过将时尚与传统相结合，它帮助年轻一代对我们的文化形成更深刻的理解。本句陈述客观事实，要用一般现在时；主语it是第三人称单数，和所填谓语动词之间是主动关系，要将help变成第三人称单数形式helps。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：它为保护和传承我们宝贵的文化遗产树立了优秀榜样。此空与and后面的passing down构成并列关系，作介词for宾语，用protect的动名词形式protecting。 5.【阅读能力提升】Communicating with people from other cultures can be informative and enriching, but also difficult sometimes. Not everything will come out quite right or be fully understood. 37 If you want to master them, the following are some practical suggestions. ●Learn about the culture beforehand. 38 If you have time before going on a trip or meeting with someone from another culture, take the time to learn the basic “do’s and don’ts” of that culture. You can find information on this from some reliable internet sources. ● 39 People from different cultures may speak at different volumes, be more or less direct in showing emotion, have different expectations about “small talk”, and so on. When involved in cross-cultural communication, be prepared to encounter such differences, including those that you were not aware of. ●Be respectful and open-minded. Each culture has its own set of core values, beliefs, and attitudes. 40 In such communication, it is improper to judge people based on these differences. Instead, respect them for what they are, and take the opportunities to learn something new. Armed with the knowledge of how to communicate effectively, you can learn from people from other cultures and share yours with them. 41 A．A little knowledge can go a long way. B．Appreciate varied communication styles. C．Abandon your own communication habits. D．The more details you know, the better you will communicate. E．Thus, signs of these may appear in cross-cultural communication. F．Good cross-cultural communication requires proper communication skills. G．This will help build respect for each other and bridge possible cultural gaps. 【答案】37．F 38．A 39．B 40．E 41．G 【导语】文章主要介绍跨文化交流虽有益但存在困难，并给出实用建议，指导人们高效开展跨文化沟通、消除文化隔阂。 【详解】37．根据前文“Not everything will come out quite right or be fully understood.(并非所有表达都能准确传递或被完全理解。)”点明跨文化交流存在阻碍；空后一句“If you want to master them, the following are some practical suggestions.(如果你想要掌握它们，以下是一些实用建议。)”引出沟通方法，句中them指代空格内容；故推知：空格处需引出“跨文化交流需要沟通技巧”，起到承上启下的过渡作用；选项F“Good cross-cultural communication requires proper communication skills.(良好的跨文化交流需要恰当的沟通技巧。)”契合上下文逻辑。 38．根据后文“If you have time before going on a trip or meeting with someone from another culture, take the time to learn the basic “do’s and don’ts” of that culture.(如果你在出行或结识异国友人前有空，花时间了解该文化基本的行为规范与禁忌。)”可知本段主旨是提前了解对方文化；空处为本段首句，总领整段，强调提前储备文化知识的作用；选项A“A little knowledge can go a long way.(少量知识也能发挥巨大作用。)”贴合本段“提前学习文化知识”的中心。 39．根据后文“People from different cultures may speak at different volumes, be more or less direct in showing emotion, have different expectations about “small talk”, and so on.(来自不同文化的人说话音量可能各不相同，表达情绪时直白程度有差异，对 “闲聊” 的期待也不一样，诸如此类。)”可知本段围绕各国不同的沟通方式展开；空格为小标题，需要概括本段核心；选项B“Appreciate varied communication styles.(接纳多样的沟通方式。)”精准概括段落内容。 40．根据前文“Each culture has its own set of core values, beliefs, and attitudes.(每种文化都有独有的核心价值观、信念与态度。)”说明文化之间存在固有差异；空后一句“In such communication, it is improper to judge people based on these differences.(在这类交流中，凭借差异评判他人是不妥的。)”的 these differences指代空格内容；故推知：空格要承接上文，说明文化差异会体现在跨文化交流中；选项E“Thus, signs of these may appear in cross-cultural communication.(因此，这些差异的痕迹会出现在跨文化交流里。)”逻辑通顺。 41．根据前文“Armed with the knowledge of how to communicate effectively, you can learn from people from other cultures and share yours with them.(掌握高效沟通方法后，你既能向异国友人学习，也能分享自身文化。)”点明有效沟通带来双向文化交流；空格位于文末，需要总结全文，说明此举的最终好处；选项G“This will help build respect for each other and bridge possible cultural gaps.(这有助于建立相互尊重，消除潜在的文化隔阂。)”升华段落主旨，完美收束全文。 Carrying a worn canvas bag and a small notebook, Yue Shuchen moves cautiously along the rugged mountain trail. He bends to pick up rubbish left by tourists, runs his fingers over weathered bricks to check for cracks, and carefully records every detail in his notebook. For nearly thirty years, this has been his routine patrol (巡逻) on the Malingguan Great Wall in Xingtai, Hebei. Yue grew up right at the foot of the ancient wall. In 1997, he caught thieves attempting to remove ancient stone relics and immediately reported the incident to local authorities. “The Great Wall once protected our ancestors. Now it is our turn to protect it,” he told reporters. Inspired by this belief, he made up his mind to devote himself to relic protection and became an official Great Wall guardian in 2013. He covers over ten kilometers on foot two or three times every week, regardless of wind or rain. One rainy afternoon, he slipped on muddy stones and injured his leg, yet he finished the whole journey without pause. He repeatedly persuades tourists not to carve words onto bricks. Many local villagers think the unpaid work is pointless and try to talk him out of it, but he never backs down. When interviewed, Yue said emotionally, “The Great Wall is like an old friend of mine. As long as I can still walk, I will keep patrolling.” Ordinary as he is, his decades-long devotion shows that firm faith and a strong sense of responsibility can turn a common farmer into an extraordinary cultural guardian. 42．What is included in Yue’s daily patrol work? A．Repairing broken bricks of the Great Wall. B．Collecting litter and checking wall conditions. C．Stopping tourists to pick up rubbish. D．Guiding visitors around the scenic spot. 43．What made Yue decide to protect the Great Wall? A．His desire for a well-paid job. B．His worry about tourist damage. C．His wish for official recognition. D．His witness of a relic theft. 44．What does paragraph 3 try to tell us? A．Yue holds his post despite various difficulties. B．Yue successfully stops tourists’ misbehavior. C．Villagers persuade Yue to quit his patrol. D．Bad weather affects Yue’s patrol seriously. 45．Which word can best describe Yue? A．Generous and outgoing. B．Ambitious and strict. C．Devoted and persistent. D．Cautious and wealthy. 【答案】42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C 【导语】本文主要讲的是河北邢台马岭关长城守护者岳书臣三十年来守护长城的感人故事。 【详解】42．细节理解题。根据第一段“He bends to pick up rubbish left by tourists, runs his fingers over weathered bricks to check for cracks, and carefully records every detail in his notebook.(他弯下腰捡起游客留下的垃圾，用手指轻轻拨过风化了的砖块，检查是否有裂缝，并仔细在笔记本上记录每一个细节。)”可知，岳的日常巡逻工作包括收集垃圾并检查墙体状况。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1997, he caught thieves attempting to remove ancient stone relics and immediately reported the incident to local authorities. “The Great Wall once protected our ancestors. Now it is our turn to protect it,” he told reporters. Inspired by this belief, he made up his mind to devote himself to relic protection and became an official Great Wall guardian in 2013.(1997年，他发现盗贼试图盗取古代石质文物，立即向当地有关部门报告了此事。“长城曾保护过我们的祖先，现在轮到我们来守护它了，”他对记者说。受到这一信念的启发，他下定决心投身于文物保护事业，并于2013年成为官方长城守护员。)”可知，亲眼目睹了文物被盗的事件让岳决定保护长城。 44．主旨大意题。根据第三段“He covers over ten kilometers on foot two or three times every week, regardless of wind or rain. One rainy afternoon, he slipped on muddy stones and injured his leg, yet he finished the whole journey without pause. He repeatedly persuades tourists not to carve words onto bricks. Many local villagers think the unpaid work is pointless and try to talk him out of it, but he never backs down.(他每周都会徒步两三趟，每趟行程十余公里，风雨无阻。一个下雨的午后，他踩在泥泞的石块上滑倒摔伤了腿，却依旧坚持走完全程，一刻没有停歇。他一次次劝导游客不要在砖石上刻字。不少当地村民觉得这份没有报酬的工作毫无意义，都劝他放弃，可他从未退缩。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是尽管面临各种困难，岳仍坚持岗位。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ordinary as he is, his decades-long devotion shows that firm faith and a strong sense of responsibility can turn a common farmer into an extraordinary cultural guardian.(尽管他平凡，但他数十年如一日的奉献表明，坚定的信念和强烈的责任感，能够将一名普通的农民转变为一位非凡的文化守护者。)”可知，他有奉献精神且坚持不懈，因此可用devoted和persistent描述岳。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $