主题语境14 跨文化沟通、包容与合作（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（话题版）

**基本信息** 以跨文化沟通为主题语境，融合阅读理解、完形填空与应用文写作，构建"文化认知-语言运用-思维发展"三维训练体系，强化语言能力与文化意识的协同培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题|细节定位法、主旨归纳法、推理判断题"原文依据+逻辑验证"双步解法|从具体案例（西方视角下的中餐认知偏差）到抽象理论（生态对文化的塑造作用），形成"现象-解释-应用"认知链条| |完形填空|1篇15空|语境词义辨析法、篇章逻辑衔接分析法|以"环球旅行中的房屋托管"真实情境为载体，训练跨文化交际中的语用能力与问题解决思维| |应用文写作|1题|主题句引领+要点分层展开法、格式规范与语气得体性把控|围绕"志愿服务"主题，实现语言表达与社会责任意识的融合，体现人类命运共同体理念|

主题语境14　跨文化沟通、包容与合作　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Orange chicken, sweet and sour pork, fried rice... Max Burns lists several typical Westernstyle of Chinese dishes that disappoint him. For a 21yearold native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China, those cuisines are far from authentic, but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western preferences. What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed (扭曲). Quite a few Westerners recognize that particular type of fare as the whole of Chinese cuisine. “They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine, about how it varies because people forget how big China is. It is a country that has deserts from one side, jungles and sea from the other side. Each area has its unique style of cooking，” he says. Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home. “Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture，” he says. Sometimes, his British friends would join to help. “And quite often, they were shocked by the diversity of Chinese cuisine. They've had a long time to figure out that Chinese food is just a lot more complex.” The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an influencer with more than three million of subscribers worldwide today. “So, I can definitely say that I've changed some people's ideas about Chinese food.” Interestingly, when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing, copying Chinese food at home was a then “stupid idea”， as he puts it, because he was never super into cooking. At the time, the videos centered more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture, including movies, snacks, restaurants and more. Looking ahead, Burns has some plans in mind. “I would love to do a travel food show throughout China on TV. Also, I would love to have my own restaurant in the future. That's definitely going to happen.” 1．When did Max Burns return to Brighton, England according to the text? A．Aged 13.　　　　 B．Aged 14. C．Aged 16. D．Aged 21. 2．How does Max Burns change people's wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines? A．Treat them to Chinese dishes. B．Write reports on Chinese cuisines. C．Cook Chinese dishes for them in person. D．Display authentic Chinese cuisines on line. 3．What is Paragraph 5 of the text mainly about? A．Burns's ambitions. B．Burns's achievements. C．Burns's adventures. D．Burns's subscribers. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Influencer Develops a Taste for Chinese Cuisine B．Influencer Has Done What He Can to Change C．Chinese Cuisines Have to Cater to Westerners D．Chinese Cuisines Have Been Around the World [语篇解读]　本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频(拍摄并上传)展示在家里做的中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。 1．B　[细节理解题。由第一段第二句 “For a 21yearold native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China(对于一个在中国度过了头13年人生的21岁的英国年轻人来说)”和第六段第一句“Interestingly, when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing”(有趣的是，2016年从北京搬回英国布莱顿后，伯恩斯第一次开始发视频)可知，伯恩斯头13年的人生是在中国度过的，说明他14岁回到了英国的布莱顿。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据第四段“Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home.(Burns试图通过在家制作中国菜的视频博客来展示中国菜的丰富多样。)”可知Max Burns是通过在视频博客上展示真正的中国菜来改变人们对中国菜的错误认知的。] 3．B　[主旨大意题。根据第五段“So, I can definitely say that I've changed some people's ideas about Chinese food.(所以，我可以肯定地说，我改变了一些人对中餐的看法。)”可知，第五段主要讲了伯恩斯的成就。] 4．A　[主旨大意题。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频(拍摄并上传)展示在家里做的中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。所以短文的标题为“网红提升了(众人)对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。] B In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future, while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. In some societies people prefer more personal space; in others they are comfortable being in close quarters in public. There are a number of theories about where cultural differences between societies come from. In a growing number of cases, researchers have found that human culture can be shaped by key features of the environments in which people live. Ecology includes basic physical and social characteristics of the environment－such factors as how rich a place is in resources, how common infectious (传染性的) diseases are, how heavily populated a place is, and how much threat there is to human safety. Variables (可变因素) like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features. For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology－such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources－and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation－including values, strength of social norms (规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information , we created the Eco Cultural Dataset. Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can be explained by ecology. We ran a series of statistical models looking at the relationship between our ecological variables and each of the 66 cultural outcomes we tracked. For each of the cultural outcomes, we calculated the average amount of the cultural diversity across societies that was explained by this combination of nine different ecological factors. We found that nearly 20% of cultural variation was explained by the combination of these ecological features. Importantly, our statistical estimates take into account common issues in cross­cultural research. There will likely be unmeasured similarities between societies with shared historical roots and traditions. Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures. 5．What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph? A．Different plans for the near future. B．The impact of cultural diversity on society. C．The difficulty of handling cultural differences. D．Sharp distinctions in diverse cultures and regions. 6．What do we know about the Eco Cultural Dataset? A．It's a combination of human and nature. B．It's a combination of ecology and culture. C．It's a comparison between theory and practice. D．It's a comparison between ecology and culture. 7．What did the author's lab want to find out? A．Where cultural differences come from. B．Whether ecological features affect culture. C．How strong the ecology­culture connection is. D．Why cultural differences between societies exist. 8．What is the conclusion of the author's study? A．Shared traditions lead to cultural similarities. B．There are cultural differences between societies. C．Environments are shaped by the cultures people live in. D．Cultural differences partly come from ecological factors. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，世界不同地区的文化差异一定程度上受到了生态因素的影响。 5．D　[主旨大意题。浏览第一段内容，结合第一段关键句“In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future, while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. (在世界的某些地方，人们可能会为未来做计划，而在另一些地方，人们更有可能活在当下。)”可知，第一段告诉我们不同文化和地区有明显的区别，某些地方，人们会为未来做计划，而在另一些地方，人们活在当下，由此可知，第一段主要讨论了不同文化和地区的明显区别。故选D项。] 6．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered ... created the Eco Cultural Dataset. (对于200多个社会，我们在亚利桑那州立大学的实验室收集了关于生态学九个关键特征的全面数据，如降雨、温度、传染病和自然资源，以及人类文化变异的数十个方面，包括价值观、社会规范的强度、人格、动机和制度特征。基于这些信息，我们创建了生态文化数据集。)”可知，生态文化数据集包括了关于生态学九个关键特征和人类文化变异的数十个方面，由此可知，生态文化数据集是生态和文化的结合。故选B项。] 7．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can be explained by ecology. (使用这个数据集，我们能够生成一系列估计，说明生态学可以解释多少人类文化变异。)”可知，作者的实验室使用这个数据集是为了了解生态学和人类文化变异之间有多么深的关系，由此可知，作者的实验室想找出生态文化之间的联系有多强。故选C项。] 8．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures. (生态学并不是世界各地人们思考和行为不同的唯一原因。但我们的研究表明，至少在一定程度上，我们的环境塑造了我们的文化。)”可知，作者的研究表明生态不是影响文化的全部因素，但至少在一定程度上影响文化，由此可知，作者的研究结论是文化差异部分来自生态因素。故选D项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25yearold is doing it ___1___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___2___， but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___3___. They're part of a new form of the ___4___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their nocost stays in ___5___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's ___6___ . It's not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___7___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___8___. But house sitting also offers a level of ___9___ they can't find in a hotel. “It's like __10__ at a friend's house，” Jessica says. The couple has a high __11__ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's __12__. For Jessica, that means __13__ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house __14__ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right __15__，” she says. 1．A.indoors　　　　　　　　 B．online C．singlehanded D．fulltime 2．A.game B．service C．vacation D．procedure 3．A.safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable 4．A.local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural 5．A.strangers' B．parents' C．coworkers' D．neighbors' 6．A.favor B．defense C．honor D．absence 7．A.plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 8．A.buy B．transport C．choose D．please 9．A.support B．comfort C．control D．attention 10．A.cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 11．A.success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 12．A.budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 13．A.admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 14．A.clean B．open C．simple D．empty 15．A.guess B．decision C．response D．impression [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 1．D　[考查形容词(副词)词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A.indoors在室内；B.online在线的；C.singlehanded单手的；D.fulltime全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡在各地停留。)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。] 2．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A.game游戏；B.service服务；C.vacation假期；D.procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。] 3．D　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A.safe安全的；B.busy忙碌的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.affordable买得起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。] 4．C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A.local当地的；B.private私人的；C.sharing分享；D.agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济。] 5．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A.strangers'陌生人的；B.parents'父母的；C.co­workers'同事的；D.neighbors'邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。] 6．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A.favor帮助；B.defense防御；C.honor荣誉；D.absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。] 7．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A.plan计划；B.explain解释；C.compare比较；D.complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。] 8．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A.buy购买；B.transport运输；C.choose选择；D.please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管。] 9．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A.support支持；B.comfort舒适，安慰；C.control控制；D.attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。] 10．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A.cooking烹饪；B.staying停留；C.waiting等待；D.studying学习。根据后文“at a friend's house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。] 11．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A.success成功；B.survival存活；C.growth生长；D.unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。] 12．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A.budget预算；B.abilities能力；C.expectations期待；D.understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。] 13．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.admiring钦佩；B.donating捐赠；C.sending发送；D.borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。] 14．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A.clean干净的；B.open开放的；C.simple简单的；D.empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。] 15．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A.guess猜测；B.decision决定；C.response反应；D.impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定。] Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，是阳光中学英语广播台的负责人。英语广播台将举办主题为“志愿服务，从我做起”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一则英语通知发布到学校英文网站上，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．具体要求。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Notice English Speaking Competition ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua English Radio Station [参考范文] Notice English Speaking Competition In an effort to promote the spirit of volunteerism and inspire our students to actively engage in community service, the English Radio Station will be hosting an English speaking competition with the theme “Volunteering, Start with Me”. Requirements for the competition are as follows: Firstly, participants are required to deliver a 35 minute speech on their personal volunteering experiences or propose a volunteer project in areas such as environmental conservation, education, community support. Secondly, speeches should be in English, demonstrating proper grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. The competition is going to be held in our School Lecture Hall at 2 p．m. on 20th June. If you want to participate, please go to our school website and fill in your entry form online before 15th June. Li Hua English Radio Station 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $