专题6 动词的时态1（一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时）（课件）-2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》

专题6 动词的时态1 一般现在时 · 一般过去时 · 一般将来时 Simple Present Tense · Simple Past Tense · Simple Future Tense 目录 CONTENTS 01 考情解码 · 命题预警 02 体系构建 · 思维可视 03 核心突破 · 靶向攻坚 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知 01 考情解码 · 命题预警 【考情分析】 本专题是2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》的第6个专题，内容为动词的时态1。 【考查重点】 一般现在时：第三人称单数变化、"主将从现"原则、客观真理用法 一般过去时：动词过去式变化规则、否定句/疑问句中didn't后接原形 一般将来时：will vs be going to 区别、"主将从现"在条件句中的应用 【高频考点预警】 "主将从现"——近5年必考考点，几乎每年均有1-2题涉及 第三人称单数动词变化——单选题高频考点 didn't/doesn't后接动词原形——常见陷阱 There be将来时——There will be vs There will have 常考陷阱 02 体系构建 · 思维可视 一般现在时 Simple Present Tense ━━━━━━━━━ 概念：经常性动作/客观真理 结构：主语+动词原形/三单 标志词：always/often/every day 特殊：主将从现(if/when从句) 一般过去时 Simple Past Tense ━━━━━━━━━ 概念：过去发生的动作/状态 结构：主语+动词过去式 标志词：yesterday/last/ago 特殊：didn't后接动词原形 一般将来时 Simple Future Tense ━━━━━━━━━ 概念：将来要发生的动作/状态 结构：will+原形 / be going to+原形 标志词：tomorrow/next/in future 特殊：主将从现 / will vs be going to 核心规律：主将从现 —— 条件/时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 考点1 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense) 一、概念与构成 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作、客观事实与真理，以及现在的状态或特征。 动词类型 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 be动词 I am... He/She/It is... We/You/They are... I am not... He/She/It isn't... We/You/They aren't... Am I...? Is he/she/it...? Are we/you/they...? 实义动词(非三单) I/We/You/They + 动词原形 例：I like music. I/We/You/They + don't + 动词原形 例：I don't like music. Do + I/we/you/they + 动词原形? 例：Do you like music? 实义动词(三单) He/She/It + 动词-s/es 例：She likes music. He/She/It + doesn't + 动词原形 例：She doesn't like music. Does + he/she/it + 动词原形? 例：Does she like music? 重要提醒 在否定句和疑问句中，助动词 does/do 后必须用动词原形，不可再加 -s/-es。 She doesn't like (ok) She doesn't likes (wrong) 考点1 第三人称单数动词变化规则 规则 变化方式 例词 一般情况 直接 +s work→works, play→plays, run→runs, like→likes 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾 +es pass→passes, fix→fixes, wash→washes, watch→watches, go→goes, do→does 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i +es study→studies, fly→flies, carry→carries, cry→cries 元音字母 + y 结尾 直接 +s play→plays, stay→stays, say→says, enjoy→enjoys 特殊变化 不规则 have→has, be→is/am/are 记忆口诀： "一般加s，sxshcho加es，辅y变i加es，元y直接加s，have特殊变has" 易错提醒：do→does, go→goes 是高频考点，注意 o 结尾加 es！ 考点1 一般现在时 · 基本用法 用法一：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 常与 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day/week/month/year, once a week, on Sundays 等连用 I get up at six every morning. 我每天早上六点起床。 She often goes to the library after school. 她放学后经常去图书馆。 用法二：表示客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象 The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 客观真理在任何情况下都用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响！ 用法三：表示现阶段的状态、能力、特征或爱好 He works in a hospital. 他在一家医院工作。 My mother likes dancing. 我妈妈喜欢跳舞。 The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. -- 即使主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时（客观真理） 考点1 重点 特殊用法 -- "主将从现" 核心规则 在时间状语从句（when, as soon as, until, before, after 等）和条件状语从句（if, unless, as long as 等）中，用一般现在时表示将来动作，主句使用一般将来时。 用一般现在时表示将来动作，主句使用一般将来时。 时间状语从句示例 I will call you as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你打电话。(get, 不用 will get) We won't start until the rain stops. 直到雨停我们才出发。(stops, 不用 will stop) 条件状语从句示例 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去徒步。 You won't pass the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则不会通过。 记忆口诀：主将从现记心间，if/when从句用现在，主句will加原形！ 考点1 标志词 / 时间状语汇总 always 总是 usually 通常 often 经常 sometimes 有时 seldom 很少 never 从不 every day 每天 every week 每周 on Sundays 每逢周日 once a week 一周一次 twice a month 一月两次 every year 每年 判断技巧：看到以上标志词，优先考虑一般现在时；同时注意主语是否为第三人称单数！ 考点1 即时训练（1-5题） 1. My father ______ to work by bus every day. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 答案：B 第三人称单数+every day→goes 2. The earth ______ around the sun. A. move B. moves C. moved D. will move 答案：B 客观真理用一般现在时，三单用moves 3. She doesn't ______ coffee. She prefers tea. A. likes B. like C. liked D. liking 答案：B doesn't后必须接动词原形like 4. If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay at home. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained 答案：B 主将从现，if从句三单用rains 5. Does your sister ______ English every morning? Yes, she ______. A. reads; does B. read; does C. read; do D. reads; do 答案：B Does后接原形read；回答she does 考点1 即时训练（6-10题） 6. Tom usually ______ up at 6:30 in the morning. A. get B. gets C. got D. is getting 答案：B usually+三单→gets 7. Light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. is traveling 答案：B 客观真理+三单→travels 8. We'll go to the park as soon as the rain ______. A. stop B. stops C. will stop D. stopped 答案：B 主将从现，as soon as从句+三单→stops 9. She ______ her homework at school every afternoon. A. do B. does C. did D. is doing 答案：B 三单+every afternoon→does 10. My brother ______ a new bike. He likes it very much. A. have B. has C. had D. is having 答案：B have表'有'，三单→has 考点2 一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense) 一、概念与构成 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 动词类型 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 be动词 I/He/She/It was... We/You/They were... I/He/She/It wasn't... We/You/They weren't... Was I/he/she/it...? Were we/you/they...? 实义动词 主语 + 动词过去式 例：I played tennis yesterday. 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 例：I didn't play tennis yesterday. Did + 主语 + 动词原形? 例：Did you play tennis yesterday? There be句型 There was + 单数/不可数 There were + 复数 There wasn't... There weren't... Was there...? Were there...? 重要提醒 didn't / Did 后必须接动词原形，不可再使用过去式！ He didn't go (ok) He didn't went (wrong) 考点2 动词过去式变化规则 规则 变化方式 例词 一般情况 直接 +ed work→worked, play→played, look→looked 以不发音e结尾 直接 +d live→lived, like→liked, move→moved 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i +ed study→studied, carry→carried, cry→cried 重读闭音节，末尾一个辅音字母 双写辅音字母 +ed stop→stopped, plan→planned, drop→dropped, prefer→preferred 不规则变化 需单独记忆 go→went, come→came, see→saw, eat→ate... 记忆口诀： "一般加ed，e结尾加d，辅y变i加ed，重读闭音双写加ed" 易错提醒：stop→stopped, plan→planned（双写规则是高频考点） 考点2 常见不规则动词过去式（高频必背） 动词原形 过去式 词义 动词原形 过去式 词义 be(am/is) was 是 are were 是 begin began 开始 break broke 打破 bring brought 带来 build built 建造 buy bought 购买 catch caught 抓住 come came 来 do/does did 做 drink drank 喝 drive drove 驾驶 eat ate 吃 fall fell 落下 feel felt 感觉 find found 找到 fly flew 飞 forget forgot 忘记 get got 得到 give gave 给 go went 去 have/has had 有 hear heard 听见 know knew 知道 leave left 离开 lose lost 丢失 make made 制作 meet met 遇见 pay paid 支付 put put 放 read read 读 run ran 跑 say said 说 see saw 看见 sell sold 卖 send sent 发送 sing sang 唱 sit sat 坐 sleep slept 睡觉 speak spoke 说 spend spent 花费 stand stood 站 swim swam 游泳 take took 拿/带 teach taught 教 tell told 告诉 think thought 想 win won 赢 write wrote 写 understand understood 理解 考点2 一般过去时 · 基本用法 用法一：表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态 常与 yesterday, last week/month/year, ...ago, in 2020, just now 等连用 I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 She was a teacher ten years ago. 十年前她是一名老师。 用法二：表示过去经常性或反复发生的动作 When I was young, I often went swimming in the river. 我年轻时经常去河里游泳。 He used to smoke, but he gave it up last year. 他过去抽烟，但去年戒了。 用法三：宾语从句的时态一致性 He said that he would come. 他说他会来。 She told me that she had finished her homework. 她告诉我她已经完成作业了。 易混淆区分： used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不做） -- to是不定式，后接动词原形 be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 -- to是介词，后接动名词 考点2 标志词 / 时间状语汇总 yesterday 昨天 the day before yesterday 前天 last night 昨晚 last week 上周 last month 上月 last year 去年 ...ago ......以前 in 2020 在2020年 just now 刚才 at that time 那时 once upon a time 从前 the other day 前几天 判断技巧：看到以上标志词，优先考虑一般过去时；注意不规则动词过去式的记忆！ 考点2 即时训练（1-5题） 1. She ______ a letter to her parents last week. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. is writing 答案：C last week→过去时，write→wrote(不规则) 2. Did you ______ the film last night? No, I ______. A. saw; didn't B. see; did C. see; didn't D. saw; did 答案：C Did后接原形see；否定回答didn't 3. He ______ his homework and then went out to play. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. will finish 答案：C 并列谓语，went→finished保持一致 4. There ______ a big tree in front of my house when I was a child. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案：B 过去时+单数→There was 5. My mother ______ me a new bike on my birthday last year. A. buy B. buys C. bought D. will buy 答案：C last year→过去时，buy→bought(不规则) 考点2 即时训练（6-10题） 6. The students ______ the classroom yesterday afternoon. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. will clean 答案：C yesterday→过去时，clean→cleaned(规则) 7. Where ______ you born? I ______ born in Kunming. A. was; was B. were; were C. were; was D. was; were 答案：C you→were, I→was（be born用过去时） 8. He didn't ______ to school yesterday because he was ill. A. went B. go C. goes D. going 答案：B didn't后必须接原形go 9. My brother ______ his keys and couldn't get into the house. A. lose B. loses C. lost D. is losing 答案：C couldn't→过去时，lose→lost(不规则) 10. When I ______ young, I often ______ to the park with my grandparents. A. was; go B. am; went C. was; went D. am; go 答案：C 过去的经常性动作，was+went保持一致 考点3 一般将来时 (Simple Future Tense) 一、概念与构成 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 构成方式 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 用法说明 will + 动词原形 主语 + will do... 主语 + won't + 动词原形 Will + 主语 + 动词原形? 所有人称通用；临时决定/客观预测 shall + 动词原形 I/We shall do... I/We shall not + 动词原形 Shall I/we + 动词原形? 仅用于第一人称；征求意见 be going to + 动词原形 I am going to do... He is going to do... They are going to do... am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? 事先计划/有迹象要发生 重要提醒 条件/时间状语从句中不能用will或be going to，应用一般现在时表将来（主将从现原则） If it is fine tomorrow, we will go. (ok) If it will be fine tomorrow... (wrong) 考点3 重点 will 与 be going to 的区别 用法场景 will be going to 临时决定 电话响了才决定去接 例：I'll answer it. 一般不用 事先计划 较少用于此意 事先已有计划/打算 例：I'm going to visit my grandparents. 客观迹象 一般不用 有迹象表明要发生 例：Look at the clouds! It's going to rain. 意愿/承诺 表示主观意愿 例：I will help you. 较少用于此意 征求意见 Will you...? / Shall I/we...? 一般不用 客观将来 科学预测或必然 例：The sun will rise at 6:00. 较少使用 考点3 其他表示将来的方式 1. 现在进行时表将来（位置移动类动词） come, go, leave, arrive, start, fly 等动词可用现在进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作 I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。 The train is arriving in five minutes. 火车五分钟后到站。 2. be about to do sth. 表示"即将/正要"做某事（不与具体时间状语连用） The meeting is about to begin. 会议即将开始。 I was about to go out when the phone rang. 我正要出门，电话响了。 3. be to do sth. 表示按计划/安排/应该要做的事 The president is to visit Japan next month. 总统下月将访问日本。 There be 句型将来时：There will be / There is going to be (ok) There will have / There is going to have (wrong) 考点3 重点 "主将从现"在将来时中的应用 核心规则（再次强调） 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句仍用一般将来时。这是三种时态中最容易出错的考点，务必牢记！ I'll tell him the news when he comes back. comes, 不用 will come We won't start until the rain stops. stops, 不用 will stop If you work hard, you will succeed. work, 不用 will work Unless you hurry up, you'll miss the bus. hurry up, 不用 will hurry up 考点3 标志词 / 时间状语汇总 tomorrow 明天 the day after tomorrow 后天 next week 下周 next month 下月 next year 下年 in the future 在未来 in three days 三天后 soon 很快 later 稍后 from now on 从现在起 next Monday 下周一 in + 时间段 判断技巧：看到以上标志词，优先考虑一般将来时；同时区分will（临时决定）与be going to（事先计划）！ 考点3 即时训练（1-5题） 1. What are you going to do this Sunday? I ______ my grandparents. A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit D. will visiting 答案：C be going to提问→回答一致 2. I ______ you the book as soon as I finish reading it. A. will give B. give C. gave D. am giving 答案：A 主将从现，as soon as从句现在时→主句will give 3. Look at the black clouds! It ______. A. will rain B. is going to rain C. rains D. rained 答案：B 有迹象→be going to 4. There ______ a basketball match in our school next Monday. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. has 答案：C There will be(ok) / There will have(wrong) 5. The phone is ringing. I ______ it. A. answer B. answered C. will answer D. am answering 答案：C 临时决定→用will 考点3 即时训练（6-10题） 6. If he ______ hard, he will pass the exam. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied 答案：B 主将从现，if从句+三单→studies 7. My sister ______ 18 years old next month. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 答案：C next month→将来时will be 8. We ______ unless the weather ______ better. A. will go; gets B. won't go; will get C. won't go; gets D. will go; will get 答案：C unless从句→现在时gets；主句won't go 9. She ______ to Beijing tomorrow morning. The train ______ at 8:00. A. leaves; leaves B. is leaving; leaves C. will leave; leaves D. is leaving; will leave 答案：B 位置移动→进行时表将来is leaving；时刻表→现在时leaves 10. We ______ have a class meeting next Monday afternoon. A. will to B. are going C. are going to D. going to 答案：C be going to + 动词原形 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知（1-4题） 1.(2022真题第10题) Fire ______ in the kitchen. A. broke out B. broke off C. broke on D. broke of 答案：A break out=爆发，过去式broke out 2.(2022真题第15题) I will call you as soon as I ______ back home. A. come B. comes C. will come D. shall come 答案：A 主将从现，as soon as从句+I→原形come 3.(2022真题第17题) More and more people ______ mobile payment. A. prefers B. prefer to C. prefer D. prefering 答案：C 主语people复数→动词原形prefer 4.(2022真题第28题) Tom and John ______ TV this time yesterday. A. were watching B. was watching C. are watching D. is watching 答案：A 过去进行时，Tom and John复数→were watching 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知（5-8题） 5.(2022真题第22题) The train then was very slow, so ______ people liked taking trains. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few 答案：C few+可数名词=几乎没有(否定含义) 6.(2023真题第23题) Many highways ______ to develop villages in the next five years. A. build B. built C. were built D. will be built 答案：D in the next five years→将来被动will be built 7.(2023真题第28题) If there ______ no buying and selling of animals, there will be no killing. A. is B. will be C. has D. will have 答案：A 主将从现，if从句→There is 8.(2023真题第30题) A new modern school ______ in our town last year. A. built B. is built C. was built D. building 答案：C last year→过去被动was built 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知（9-11题） 9.(2023真题第67题) The teacher ______(看到了) a boy lying on the ground this morning. 选项：A. see B. sees C. saw D. seeing 答案：C this morning→过去时，see→saw 10.(改编2023) If it ______(rain) tomorrow, we won't go to the park.（填空题） 考查：词性转换题 答案：rains 主将从现+三单→rains 11.(2024真题第26题) He ______ CCTV English News every morning. A. listen B. listen to C. hear D. listens to 答案：D 三单+every morning→listens to 04 真题溯源 · 考向感知（12-14题） 12.(2024真题) If you work hard, you ______ good grades. A. get B. got C. will get D. would get 答案：C 主将从现，if从句现在时→主句will get 13.(2025真题，时态综合) He ______ to Beijing last month and ______ back next week. A. went; will come B. goes; comes C. went; comes D. goes; will come 答案：A last month→went；next week→will come 14.(2026真题，主将从现) You'll miss the bus ______ you hurry up. A. if B. unless C. when D. because 答案：B unless=if...not，主将从现 专题6 知识总结 一般现在时 ━━━━━━━━ 经常性/习惯性动作 客观事实与真理 现在的状态/特征 三单动词+s/es 主将从现(if/when) 一般过去时 ━━━━━━━━ 过去某时间动作/状态 过去经常性动作 动词过去式(规则+不规则) didn't后接动词原形 used to do vs be used to doing 一般将来时 ━━━━━━━━ will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 临时决定→will 事先计划/迹象→be going to 主将从现(条件/时间从句) 核心必考点：主将从现 -- 三种时态交汇，近5年必考1-2题！ $