语法突破 专题3 第1讲 第2节 形容词和副词（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦形容词和副词高考核心考点，涵盖句法功能、词性转换及比较级最高级，按“功能-转换-比较”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点表格梳理、特殊规则方法指导、近三年真题对点演练等环节，帮助学生系统突破语法难点。 资料以“真题驱动+分层训练”为特色，如比较级最高级部分结合高考真题讲解“否定词+比较级”替代用法，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置单句、写作、语篇三级练习，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏提供精准教学支持。

　　　　　　第二节　形容词和副词 形容词和副词的句法功能 词性 功能 例句 形容词 在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质或特征等) Confident and optimistic，she is the sort of lady to spread sunshine to people through her smile. 自信乐观的她是那种通过微笑把快乐传递给他人的女士。 副词 在句中作状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子等，方位副词可作后置定语、表语或补语 I couldn't find my way out，so I stayed there all along. 我找不到出去的路，因此我一直待在那里。 形容词和副词的词性转换 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀­ly clear→clearly，great→greatly，loud→loudly，sudden→suddenly，sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加­y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加­ly happy→happily，heavy→heavily，angry→angrily，lucky→luckily，noisy→noisily *shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加­ly) 词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加­y terrible→terribly，possible→possibly，gentle→gently，probable→probably，comfortable→comfortably，responsible→responsibly，suitable→suitably(例外：whole→wholly) 词尾为­ue的形容词，去掉e再加­ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为­ll的形容词，直接加­y full→fully，dull→dully 词尾为­ic的形容词，加­ally basic→basically，scientific→scientifically，specific→specifically，automatic→automatically 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1．比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则形式 ①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词，在原级后加­er，­est构成，如：clever－cleverer－cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表： 特殊情况 构成方法 例词 以不发音的字母­e结尾 加­r和­st brave－braver－bravest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i，再加­er和­est happy－happier－happiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾，再加­er和­est hot－hotter－hottest ②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more和most构成。 active－more active－most active happily－more happily－most happily [温馨提示]　有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以­ow, ­er结尾的词。 (2)不规则形式 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad，ill worse worst many, much more most little less least far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”) further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.比较级和最高级的用法 同级比较 as＋adj.(原形)＋as...“和……一样……”；not as/so＋adj.(原形)＋as...“不如……” The tourist attraction is as attractive as that one. 这个景点和那个景点一样有吸引力。 当as...as...结构中有名词时，可用以下结构： ①as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋as... ②as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as... ③as＋much＋不可数名词＋as... I'm not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today. 今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有像今天这样累过。 比较级 ①“形容词比较级＋than...”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。 ②“less＋形容词原级＋than...”表示“一方不及另一方……” The problem is more important than that one. 这个问题比那个问题更重要。 I am less fortunate than him. 我没有他幸运。 [温馨提示]　修饰比较级的常用词和短语主要有much, even, still, far, rather a little, a lot等。more, very, quite等副词不可修饰比较级。 最高级 最高级的常见用法 ①“the＋最高级＋表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“……中最……的” ②one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数 ③the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got. 安迪很满意这个玩具。这是他得到过的最好的玩具。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我国最大的城市之一。 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 最高级 最高级的其他表达形式 ①否定词＋比较级 ②比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 ③比较级＋than＋the other＋复数可数名词 ④比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数可数名词 ⑤比较级＋than anything/anyone else Your story is perfect; I've never heard a better one before. 你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。 含有比较等级的特殊用法 ①“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..” “越……，(就)越……” ②“比较级＋and＋比较级”“越来越……” ③“the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词复数”“两者中较……的那个” ④no more than“仅仅”；not more than“至多；不超过” ⑤more...than...“与其说……不如说……” ⑥no＋比较级＋than “和……一样不……” ⑦not＋比较级＋than “不比……更……” ⑧倍数句型 a．倍数＋比较级＋than b．倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as c．倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of [对点演练]——用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 　strategic　 (strategy) placement of the pieces, ... 2．(2025·北京卷)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 　longer　 (long). 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 　functional　(function) structure that is also beautiful. 4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays 　closed　 (close) to protect the plants. 5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 　rarely　 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy，... 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So, what are they learning？　Basically　(basic), how to describe a panda's life. Ⅰ.语法单句练 1．(2025·全国一卷)“...You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘　guidance　(guide)’ till they lose，” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 2．(2025·北京卷)Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It's 　peaceful　 (peace), especially around sunset. 3．(2025·全国一卷)Hydrogen fuel cells are a 　lighter　 (light )choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. 4．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the 　largest　 (large) United States national park－2.2 million acres －until... 5．(2024·全国甲卷)Firstly, shared bicycles have become a popular 　choice　 (choose) in cities, providing an eco­friendly and cost­effective way to travel short distances. 6．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They are useful for detecting shifts in the number and 　variety　(vary) of species in an area. 7．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You choose which 　length　(long) you want and it gives you a receipt­like short story. 8．(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful 　existence　 (exist) with its surroundings. 9．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 　confident　 (confidence) speaking English. 10．(2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're 　increasingly　 (increasing) being sighted by humans. Ⅱ.语法写作练 1．Join us to taste a variety of 　fresh local food and drinks　. 加入我们来品尝各种各样新鲜的当地食物和饮料。 2．Finally they came back home，　tired and hungry　. 最后，他们回到了家，又累又饿。 3．　Fortunately，he was not drowned　 and was saved by the PLA men. 幸运的是，他没被淹死，他被解放军救了。 4．This computer is 　more expensive than　 mine. 这台电脑比我的那台贵。 5．The bridge being built now is 　by far the longest　 over the Yellow River. 现在正在建造的这座桥是黄河之上最长的一座。 6．Eating too much sugar 　is harmful to　 your teeth. 吃太多的糖对你的牙齿有害。 Ⅲ.语法语篇练(用适当的形容词、副词填空) Some people think that they will get ill if they use their 1.　brains　 (brain) too much.It is not true.Through many studies，scientists show us that the 2.　more　(much)you use your brain，the better it will be and the 3.　cleverer　(clever) you will become. Of course，if you want to keep your mind 4.　clear　(clearly) and active，you must take a proper rest and study 5.　properly　(proper)．To the teenagers，using their brains in the morning is 6.　good　 (well) for their 7.　health　 (healthy)． There are many ways to rest.One is a 8.　peaceful　(peace) rest.Another is an active rest.For example，take a walk 9.　outdoors　(outdoor) and do more exercise every day.To change the way of brains' activities is also a good way to rest. In everyday life，to eat some eggs，meat，fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the brains. Wish you a wise man and a 10.　happy　 (happily) life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $