必修一 UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、短语、语法等核心考点，按“基础积累-语法突破-综合应用”逻辑架构组织，涵盖词块背诵、核心单词用法、句式结构（如“make+宾补”“否定词+比较级”）及高考真题语篇。通过考点梳理（如prefer多结构辨析）、方法指导（一词多译训练）、真题演练（2023新课标Ⅰ卷语篇）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如读后续写微技能通过“悲伤与消沉”多样表达提升语言运用，语法结构训练强化逻辑分析。设置分层练习（词形转换、话题作文），配合即时反馈，保障复习效率，助力教师精准把控节奏，有效提升学生应考能力。

词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.have a healthy and balanced diet 吃健康而又均衡的饮食 2．make the team加入队伍 3．earn one's place赢得一席之地 4．hit sb. on the shoulder拍打某人的肩膀 5．put the phones on silence 把电话设置静音 6．turn off the phones把电话关机 7．quit the race halfway中途退赛 8．set achievable goals树立可实现的目标 1.Today is not a sport，it is a regret for the future. 今日不运动，来日悔晚矣。 2．Movement is the source of life. 运动是生命的源泉。 3．The first wealth is health. 健康是人生第一财富。 4. A man needs a purpose for real health. 有目标的人才能有真正的健康。 5．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。 [核心单词] 1．prefer vt. 更喜欢，喜欢……多于……(preferred, preferred, preferring) [佳句赏析]　We can eat out if you like, but I would prefer staying/ to stay in. 如果你愿意的话我们可以去外面吃饭，但我更倾向于待在家里。 ①prefer doing sth./to do sth. 　　更喜欢做某事 prefer sb. to do sth.　　　希望某人做某事 prefer A to B与B相比更喜欢A(to为介词) prefer doing A to doing B 与做B相比更喜欢做A prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B ②preference n．优先(权)，偏爱 in preference to 优先于，胜于 have a preference for 对……有偏爱 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to 　taking(　take) exercise outdoors. (2)(2025·全国一卷) I'm writing to express that my 　preference　(prefer)goes to “Guess who I am”， which capitalizes on an object clue to signal its potential contents. (3)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer 　to_describe_　(describe)emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. [金句]——一句多译 毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。 (4)After all，all kids 　prefer_to_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded　.(prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.) (5)After all，all kids 　prefer_being_praised_to_being_scolded　.(prefer doing sth.to doing sth.) (6)After all，all kids 　would_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded　. (would do sth.rather than do sth.) (7)After all，all kids 　would_rather_be_praised_than_be_scolded　.(would rather do sth.than do sth.) 2．balanced adj.均衡的 [教材原句]　have a healthy and balanced diet 保持健康均衡的饮食 balance n．天平；平衡v.(使)平衡；权衡 keep one's balance　保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 balance...against 相比较；权衡 out of balance 不平衡 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance　_between　 the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces，and the energy flow following each move... (2)Motor (one in each wheel)：provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider 　balanced　(balance) and upright. (3)(2023·浙江1月卷)I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining 　the　 balance of our ecosystem. [金句]——完成句子 (4)You have to 　balance_the_advantages_of_studying_in_America_against_the_disadvantages　. 你必须权衡在美国学习的利与弊。 3．desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 [教材原句]　Everyone knew Paul had real skills，and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team. 每个人都知道保罗有真正的技能，是一个非常努力的人，并且有强烈的愿望为球队效力。 ①desire sth.　渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire that sb.(should)do 要求…… ②have (a) desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事 [点津]　当 desire (意为“渴望，期望”)作动词后接宾语从句，以及 desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2025·北京卷)The desire 　to_stand　 (stand)out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. (2)(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire 　for_　independence. (3)The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams 　(should)_be_sent　 (send) here without delay. [金句]——一句多译 就我个人而言，我渴望得到这个出国深造的机会。 (4)As far as I am concerned，I 　have_a_desire_to_have　 such a chance to go abroad for further study.(desire n．) (5)As far as I am concerned，I 　desire_to_have　 such a chance to go abroad for further study.(desire v．) (6)As far as I am concerned，I 　desire_that_I_(should)_have　 such a chance to go abroad for further study.(desire that) 4．remind v．提醒，使……想起 [教材原句]　Audiences are reminded to turn off the phones or put them on silence. 提醒观众关掉手机或将其置于静音状态。 ①remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what... 提醒(某人)…… ②reminder n．使人忆起某事之物 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me 　to_close　(close) the window in my car when rain is coming. (2)(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had taste that reminded me 　of　 the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. (3)I was about to call Jack to remind him 　that　 we would meet at 8 a．m. when he came in. [金句]——完成句子 (4)This photo album 　serves_as_a_reminder_of_the_most_important_moments_of_my_life　. 这本相册可以用来提醒我生命中最重要的时刻。 [润中华] (2025·全国二卷)Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒。 5．occupy v．占领，占据 [教材原句]　 I know you've had lots to occupy your time，so you probably didn't have time to... 我知道你有很多东西要占用你的时间，所以你可能没有时间…… ①occupy oneself in doing sth./with sth.　忙着做某事，专心做某事 ②occupied adj. 被占领的，忙于 be occupied in doing sth./with sth. 忙着做某事，专心做某事 ③occupation n. 职业；占有 by occupation 职业上 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular 　occupation　 (occupy), branch of study or research. (2)Teaching and doing housework keep her 　occupied　 (occupy) every day. (3)I am proud of him，who is occupying 　himself　(he) with his work and devoting himself to helping those in need. (4)He is fully occupied in 　looking　 (look) after three small children. [金句]——一句多译 由于一整天都在做家务，所以她很累。 (5)　Occupied_in_doing_the_housework_all_day　，she was tired out.(过去分词作状语) (6)　Occupying_herself_in_doing_the_housework_all_day　，she was tired out.(现在分词作状语) 6．relieve v．减轻，缓解 [教材原句]　 to relieve tension 来减轻压力 ①relieve sb.of...解除某人……方面的负担 ②relief n．(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；调剂；救济 in relief　　　　如释重负；松了口气 to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是 relief of/from ……的减轻/消除 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(天津卷)I am 　relieved　 (relieve)to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of 　relief　(relieve)． [金句]——完成句子 (3)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) These stories can　_relieve_my_stress_and_broaden_my_horizons　. 这些故事可以缓解我的压力，拓宽我的视野。 7．strengthen vt. 加强；巩固 [教材原句]　 to strengthen one's immune system 来增加免疫力 ①strength n．[U]力量，力气　[C]长处，优势 have the strength to do sth. 有力量/意志做某事 build up one's strength　　　　增强体力 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 with all one's strength 用全力 ②strong adj.坚强的；强壮的；强烈的 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·北京卷)These abilities　_are_strengthened　(strengthen) by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal 　strengths　(strength)”． (3)(2025·全国一卷)Such an inviting column, adopting a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others' characteristics, thus 　strengthening　 (strength) mutual understanding. [金句]——语段填空 (4)Though I didn't 　have_the_strength　 (有力气) to climb any further, I finally got to the top of the mountain 　with_all_my_strength　 (用尽全身力气) because my father encouraged me all the time. [润中华] Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. 写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中挑战的诗。 8．benefit n. 利益；好处vt.& vi. 使受益；得益于；有助于 [教材原句]　...，but long­distance running in particular has a lot of benefits. ……，但长跑尤其有很多好处。 ①for the benefit of　　　为……；为……的利益 be of benefit to 对……有益 ②benefit from/by... 从……受益；得益于 benefit sb. 对某人有益 ③beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的 be beneficial to 对……有益；对……有利 [形象记忆] [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2021·北京卷)But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be 　beneficial　 (benefit) for，which is what makes music so valuable. (2)(2021·全国甲卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot 　from_　 doing some housework. (3)He lost his life 　for_　 the benefit of his country. (4)(2025·全国二卷)For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health　_benefits　(benefit)． [金句]——完成句子 (5)(2023·全国乙卷)　There_are_many_benefits　 to growing plants indoors. 在室内种植植物有很多好处。 9．amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地 [教材原句]　The team really came together tonight and played amazingly. 球队今晚确实很团结，比赛很惊人。 ①amazed adj.　吃惊的 be amazed at/with sth. 对某事吃惊 be amazed to do sth. 因做某事而吃惊 ②amazement n. 吃惊 to one's amazement 令某人吃惊的是 in amazement 吃惊地，惊奇地 ③amaze vt. 使吃惊 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and 　was_amazed_　(amaze)that he improved after two or three treatments. (2)(2025·全国二卷)Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an 　amazing　(amaze) meal out of almost anything. [金句]——一句多译 他通过了考试，这使我们很惊讶。 (3)　It_amazed_us_that　 he had passed the test.(it作形式主语) (4)　What_amazed_us　 was that he had passed the test.(主语从句) (5)He had passed the test, 　which_amazed_us　.(定语从句) [点津]　形容词化的amazing表示“令人吃惊的”，表示事物的特征，强调引起吃惊的感觉；形容词化的amazed表示“吃惊的”，强调人内心的感受。具有同等用法的词有：interest，frighten，bore，admire等。 10．response n. 回答；响应；反应 [教材原句]　However，Navarro refused，and his response was：“Offering me the prize was worth more than what I did for him.” 然而，纳瓦罗拒绝了，他的回答是：“给我奖品比我为他做的更有价值。” ①in response to 响应；反应(通常作状语) make (no) response to对……(不)作出反应/回答 ②respond vi.&vt. 回答；回应 respond to... 回应……；对……作出反应 respond that... 回答说…… [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2023·北京卷)For example, stress could serve as a cue that one responds 　to　 by eating, which produces the reward—the reduction of stress. (2)(2025·全国二卷)I forced a smile, unsure how to 　respond　(response) further. (3)His question failed to get 　a　 response from any of the students. [金句]——完成句子 (4)When asked about the company's future，the director 　responded_that_he_remained_optimistic　. 问到公司未来的时候，经理回答说他依然乐观。 [间考词汇] 1．diet n．[C，U]日常饮食；[C]规定饮食(为健康或减肥等目的); v. 节食，进行规定饮食 ►教师专用 a balanced/ healthy diet一种均衡/健康的饮食 be on a diet 节食(表状态) go on a diet 节食(表动作) 完成句子 (1)He must be 　on_a_diet　(节食). He looks much thinner than he used to be. (2)Plants need water and sunlight to grow well. Similarly, healthy body requires 　a_balanced_diet　(均衡的饮食)． (3)As a matter of fact, you can't expect to lose weight simply by 　going_on_a_diet/_dieting　(节食)． 2. earn vt. 赢得，博得 ►教师专用 earn sb. sth.为某人赢得某物 earn a reputation赢得声誉 earn money(＝make money)赚钱，挣钱 earn one's living(＝make a/one's living)谋生 完成句子 (1)Your efforts will　_earn_you_a_good_reputation　. 你的努力将会为你赢得佳誉。 (2)The boy wanted to 　earn_some_pocket_money　 by selling newspapers. 这个男孩想通过卖报纸赚一些零花钱。 (3)As a teacher, she had　_earned_the_respect_of_the_students　. 作为教师，她赢得了学生们的尊敬。 (4)He now 　earns_his/a_living　 by writing novels. 他现在靠写小说谋生。 3．quit v．离开；辞去 ►教师专用 quit doing　停止做某事 quit office 离职 quit of 摆脱 单句语法填空 (1)There were six teachers 　quitting　 (quit) the job before her. (2)His uncle hasn't been able to quit 　smoking　 (smoke)，but at least he has cut down. 4．disappointment n．失望；扫兴 ►教师专用 to one's disappointment 　　 令某人失望的是 disappointed/disappointing adj. 失望的/令人失望的 disappoint vt. 使失望 用disappointed的适当形式填空 Much to our 　disappointment　，he made a 　disappointing　 performance in the final match，which made all of us 　disappointed　.So I left the match 　disappointedly　. 1.比赛项目 2.比赛场地 3.人员 4.赛事 ①diving n．跳水 ②marathon n．马拉松 ③badminton n．羽毛球 ④hockey n．曲棍球 ⑤baseball n．垒球 ⑥shooting n．射击 ⑦weightlifting n．举重 ⑧wrestling n．摔跤 ①court n．球场 ②track n．跑道 ③lawn football field 草坪足球场 ④plastic track 塑胶跑道 ⑤ski field 滑雪场 ⑥diving platform 跳台 ①amateur n．业余运动员 ②professional n. 职业选手 ③sponsor n. 赞助者；赞助商 ④champion n. 冠军 ⑤referee n. 裁判员 ⑥captain n．队长 ⑦player n．运动员 ①tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛 ②final n．决赛 ③tryout n．选拔赛 ④try out for 参加选拔 1. rather than 而不是 [教材原句]　I prefer to play sports with friends rather than exercise by myself，... 我喜欢和朋友一起运动，而不是独自锻炼，…… ①rather than意为“而不是……”，常用于连接并列结构，它连接的并列成分可以是动词、动词不定式、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、v.­ing或句子等。 ②rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致，即“就远原则”。具有相同用法的词语还有as well as，with, besides等。 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Rather than　_watering　(water) rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (2)You rather than your sister 　are　 (be) to run the shop after your parents retire. (3)What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly 　working　 (work)． [金句]——完成句子 (4)(2025·全国一卷)Eventually, my brother decided to leave 　rather_than_force_the_issue　. 最终，我哥哥决定离开，而不是强行解决这个问题。 (5)The father rather than the brothers　_is/was_responsible_for_the_accident　. 为这起事故负责的是那个父亲，而不是那对兄弟。 2．try out for参加……选拔(或试演) [教材原句]　Paul had to try out many times just for making the team. 保罗不得不参加选拔很多次来加入球队。 try on　试穿 try for 力争赢得 try out(on sb.) 测试，试验，试用(某人) try one's best 尽某人最大的努力 [练通]——用try的相关短语填空 (1)While he 　tried_out_for　 the freshman basketball team in high school, Michael didn't make it as a member. (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for pursuing her hobby of buying food, 　trying_out　 new recipes and holding dinner parties. (3)(2024·浙江1月卷)We still need to 　try_on　 the actor to make sure everything fits and looks good. [金句]——完成句子 (4)These teams are going to　_try_out_for_the_Olympic_Games　. 这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。 3．pay off取得成功；奏效 [教材原句]　And clearly，all the extra hours that he'd spent practising alone paid off. 显然，他所有额外时间独自练习都得到了回报。 pay a visit to　参观，拜访 pay for 付钱；为……付出代价 pay back 偿还 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Will you please pay a visit 　to　 Tianjin again so that we may meet again? (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)How much do you pay 　for　 two articles obtained from an international library? (3)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Having promised to pay 　back　 his money and written down his telephone number, I boarded the bus just in time. (4)(2024·全国甲卷)Their promotional work paid 　off　. [金句]——完成句子 (5)As a proverb goes，where there is a will，there is a way，　our_efforts_will_pay_off_sooner_or_later　. 正如谚语所说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力早晚会得到回报。 4．keep up with 跟上，保持同步 [教材原句]　The other team just couldn't keep up with his energy and speed. 对方的球队就是跟不上他的体力和速度。 keep off (sb./sth.)让开，不接近；使……不接近 keep away (from) 远离……，避免接近…… keep on (doing sth.) 继续(做某事) keep sth. back抑制(或阻止)感情等的流露 [练通]——用keep的相关短语填空 (1)(2025·全国二卷)Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids 　keep_up_with　 their peers(同龄人) outside the hospital. (2)Proper physical exercise enables the youth to work effectively and to 　_keep_away_from　 disease. (3)Deeply moved by the play, she could hardly 　keep_back　 her tears. [金句]——完成句子 (4)I'm a bit worried about 　keeping_up_with_the_other_students　 in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. 我有点担心跟上高级课程班里的其他同学，并且习惯于所有作业也相当困难。 5．cheer up(使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋 [佳句赏析]　On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too! 在一个特殊的日子里，我们花时间让病人、病人家属，通常还有医院工作人员振作起来！ ①cheer sb.up　使某人振作起来 cheer sb.on 为某人加油 ②Cheers! 干杯！ ③cheering adj. 鼓舞人心的 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)When we were unhappy we could cheer each other 　up　. (2)She did her best to cheer him 　on　 when he was about to give up. (3)In spite of his desire to say something 　cheering　(cheer)，he could get nothing out but a shame­faced smile. (4)Let's drink a toast to our hostess.　Cheers　(cheer)! [金句]——完成句子 (5)To everyone's surprise，the ball went into the net.　All_the_football_players_on_the_playground_cheered_loudly　. 令所有人吃惊的是，球进了。操场上的所有足球运动员都大声喝彩。 6．take advantage of 利用 [教材原句]　 The two cyclists made amazing sporting gestures—Navarro for refusing to take advantage of Esteban's troubles... 两位骑自行车的人展现出了高度的体育精神——纳瓦罗拒绝利用埃斯特班的麻烦…… have the/an advantage over... 比……占优势 be at an advantage　占优势 to sb.'s advantage 对某人有利 have the advantage of... 具有……的有利条件 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·浙江1月卷)The most obvious advantage 　of_　online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (2)You will be 　at　 an advantage to study abroad. (3)She had 　the　 advantage of a good education. (4)Rick has an advantage 　over　 you since he can speak German. [金句]——完成句子 (5)Parents should actively urge their children to 　take_advantage_of_the_opportunity_to_join_sports_team　. 家长应积极督促孩子利用这次机会加入运动队。 7．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语结构 [教材原句]　It makes your heart stronger and allows more blood to flow around your brain. 它让你的心脏更强壮，让更多的血液在你的大脑周围流动。 make的复合结构如下： ①make sb.do sth.使/让某人做某事。当把这样的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号to必须要还原 ②make sb./sth.done(过去分词)使某人或某事被……，常用于make oneself known/heard/understood ③make sb./sth.＋adj.使某人或某事(变得)…… ④make sb./sth.＋n.让某人或某物成为…… [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2025·浙江1月卷)Keeping your message simple and clear will make 　it　 easier for people to understand. (2)It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better 　known　(know) to international students. (3)These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much 　worse　 (bad)． [金句]——完成句子 (4)We all respect her because she always tries new ways 　to_make_her_classes_lively_and_interesting　. 我们都尊重她，因为她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生动有趣。 (5)According to him, living in this kind of society might actually 　make_it_easier_to_keep_track_of_the_social_order　. 根据他的说法，生活在这种社会中实际上可能会使人们更容易维持社会秩序。 [润中华] Studying the history of China will make your visit much more enjoyable. 研究中国的历史将使您的访问更加愉快。 8．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 [教材原句]　 Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. 没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的更能让人满意的了。 ①否定词＋比较级“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。 ②比较级＋than＋ ③can/could＋never/not＋be＋ [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Mr.Stevenson is great to work for－I really couldn't ask for a 　better　 (good) boss. (2)It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was 　happier　 (happy) than I was. [金句]——句型转换 (3)He has spent the most worrying day. →He has 　never_spent_a_more_worrying_day　.(否定词＋比较级) (4)It is the most beautiful house that I have ever seen. →It is 　a_more_beautiful_house_than_any_of_the_other_houses　 that I have ever seen.(比较级＋than any of the other＋复数名词) (5)A nurse should be most patient to a patient. →A nurse 　should_be_never_too_patient_to_a_patient　.(never too...) 9．while连接并列句，表示对比 [教材原句]　Navarro had let Esteban finish in third place，while he came fourth. 纳瓦罗让埃斯特班获得第三名，而他则获得第四名。 while在此处作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示对比。意为“但是，而”。while还可作连词，引导状语从句，意为“当……时候”，“尽管”。用作名词时为“一会儿”。 [练通]——写出下列句中黑体部分的汉语意思 (1)(2024·全国甲卷)While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes.　当……时候　 (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration.　_尽管　 (3)(2025·全国一卷)She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order.　而，然而　 (4)As is known to us，while there is life，there is hope.　只要　 [金句]——完成句子 (5)Global development often means that 　rich_people_get_richer，while_the_poor_get_poorer　. 全球化发展常常意味着富人更富，而穷人更穷。 [全练透] ►[维度1]　词形转换 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1．One reason for her 　preference　 (prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 2．You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself 　energetic　 (energy)． 3．I get very nervous because I'm using a lot of expensive 　equipment　 (equip)． 4．If the course fails to provide complete 　satisfaction　 (satisfy) to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. 5．We were 　amazed　 (amaze) to find that no one was hurt. 6．These stretching exercises can improve your 　flexibility　(flexible) and loosen up your muscles. 7．An　_announcement　 (announce) will be made soon on the bulletin board. 8．The industry has grown 27% 　annually　(annual) over the past 10 years. 9．Press the enter key and the 　application　(apply) form will be displayed on the screen. 10．To my 　disappointment　(disappoint), the call was not picked up in time. ►[维度2]　动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1．The reason why fish prefer shallow water 　to　 deep water is that the former is warmer. 2．He left a deep impression on me and gave me the 　inspiration　 (inspire) to pick up my pen again. 3．The road was so 　crowded　 (crowd) that the car could not pass through easily. 4．Their duty is to defend themselves 　against　 the enemy. 5．The fall in prices will be 　beneficial　(benefit) to most small businesses. 6．We can safely draw a conclusion from her facial expression that she is pretty satisfied 　with　 the election result. 7．Nowadays, a cellphone has dozens of 　applications　(apply)，and it can be used as a camera. 8．　In　 case you're wondering, here's why mobile data are so expensive in South Africa when compared with other countries. 9．Americans often make one or more New Year's decisions, such as promising to quit 　smoking　(smoke), lose weight, or stop drinking, most of which last little longer than a month. 10．The Air Force and the navy retain their　_prohibition　 (prohibit) of women on air combat missions. [重落实] ►[维度3]　课文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Paul and I were on the school basketball team. Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy 1.　who/that　 played for the Charlotte Hornets. Guess why? Paul was only 1.6 metres high, as tall as Bogues. Being 2.　shorter_　 (short)than other players meant he had to practise more and he used Bogues as his 3.　inspiration　 (inspire). He said if Bogues could make it, he could too. Although he had a strong desire 4.　_to_play　(play) for the team, he was still usually on the bench. That's 5.　really　 (real) tough on him. This week, he got the chance he had been waiting for. I got 6.　injured　(injure) in the competition. The coach agreed to give him 7.　a　 shot. We were behind by 10 points then and it was only 15 minutes before the competition ended. The extra hours Paul spent 8.　practising　(practise) paid off and he made shot after shot. We 9.　won　(win) by 2 points with Paul's help. The coach hit him 10.　on　 the shoulder and said he had earned his place. ►[维度4]　话题作文 (发言稿) 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将于下周五举行“故事分享会”，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1．你分享的故事名称； 2．故事概要； 3．故事打动你的原因。 注意：1.根据汉语提示补全作文； 2．词数80左右； 3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Boys and girls， I feel honored to be here to share my favorite story Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works by Charles Dickens. Oliver Twist, an orphan, 1.　suffered_from_cold_and_hunger_in_a_workhouse　(在济贫院里遭受寒冷和饥饿). Then he escaped to London 2.　where he was forced to be a thief　(在那里他被迫成为小偷). Luckily, with the help of some kind people, Oliver overcame a lot of difficulties and led a happy life in the end. 3．　What_impressed_me_most_was_the_nature_of_goodness(　最让我印象深刻的是善良的本质). No matter what Oliver suffered, he didn't lose hope, remaining pure in body and mind. Meanwhile, 4.　Oliver_also_taught_me_to_be_brave　(奥利弗还教我要勇敢). In a word, I have learnt a lot from Oliver Twist. Thank you for listening. ►[维度5]　读后续写微技能(2)——“悲伤与消沉” ●[多样表达] 1．weep v．无声地流泪 2．sob v．啜泣，抽噎 3．sorrow n．悲痛；忧伤 4．sad adj.难过的 sadness n．悲伤，忧愁 5．grief n．悲痛 6．burst into tears突然大哭起来 7．one's eyes are filled with tears眼里噙满了泪水 8．with tears in one's eyes眼含热泪 9．cry one's heart out悲痛欲绝 10．cry one's eyes out痛哭流涕 11．with a heavy heart怀着沉重的心情 12．fall into despair陷入绝望 13．be pretty broken up about对……感到很伤心 14．with tears streaming down one's face泪流满面 15．fight back tears强忍住泪水 16．tears rolling down one's cheeks泪流满面 17．tears well up in one's eyes热泪盈眶 ●[佳句观摩] 听到那个坏消息，这个小女孩悲伤不已。 概括说明描写： Upon hearing the bad news, the little girl felt extremely sad. 细节描述： 1．Upon hearing the bad news, the little girl's heart ached, tears streaming down her cheeks(心痛，眼泪直流)． 2．Upon hearing the bad news, the little girl, numbed with grief, had trouble speaking(悲伤到失去知觉，不能开口说话)． 3．Upon hearing the bad news, the little girl felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly(被一股悲伤之感控制，忍不住哭泣)． ●[好句仿写] 　看到这个悲惨的场景，杰克很悲伤。 概括说明描写： Seeing the terrible scene，Jack felt very sad/sorrowful. 　细节描述： 1．Seeing the terrible scene，Jack 　cried_his_heart_out　 (悲痛欲绝)． 2．Seeing the terrible scene，Jack 　was_immersed_in_sorrow　 (沉浸在悲痛之中)． 3．When Jack saw the terrible scene，　tears_rolled_down_his_face　 (泪流满面)． 4．Seeing the terrible scene，Jack 　felt_like_he_was_floating_in_an_ocean_of_sadness　 (感觉好像漂浮在悲伤的海洋里). [培优1]　单元知识高考链接 一、熟词生义 写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思 1．My bank balance has been getting a little healthier since I was offered a new job.　n．余款；余额　 2．(2025·全国一卷)Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”　v．积极倡导　 3．Just give it your best shot and you'll be fine.　n．尝试；努力　 二、一词多义 根据语境选出tip的含义 A．n.物体的尖端/末端　　B．n. 小费 C．n.(比赛的)内部消息 D．n.小窍门 E．v.(使)倾斜，翻倒 F．n. 垃圾场 1．Tip the vegetables into a bowl.　__E__　 2．Let's leave some tips for the waiter.　__B__　 3．Here are some tips on how to improve your English listening skills. 　__D__　 4．The truck carries household waste to rubbish tips. 　___F__　 5．Subscribe to our channel to get experts' tips on the latest games.　__C__　 6．This is only the tip of the iceberg—there is still a lot more to it.　__A__　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：体育活动、体育与健康和体育精神 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 　__1__　the course earlier than she did. Her 　__2__　came because she was carrying a 　__3__　across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her 　__4__　when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 　__5__　to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 　__6__　. She couldn't. Bailey then 　__7__　to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　attention. Once there, Lenoue was 　__9__　and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 　__10__　to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. As for Bailey, she is more 　__11__　about why her act is considered a big 　__12__　. “She was just crying. I couldn't 　__13__　her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 　__14__　， they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 　__15__　of human kindness won the day. 1.A.designed　B．followed C．changed D．finished 2．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 3．A.judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 4．A.race B．school C．town D．training 5．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 6．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 7．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 8．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal 9．A.interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 10．A.hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 11．A.worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 12．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 13．A.leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 14．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show 15．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 1．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。] 2．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have 　__1__　the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。] 3．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。] 4．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比赛；B.school学校；C.town城镇；D.training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。] 5．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的对手Danielle Lenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的对手Danielle Lenoue。] 6．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。] 7．D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.went away离开； B．stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。] 8．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。] 9．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。] 10．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。] 11．C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担心的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。] 12．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。] 13．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying.”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。] 14．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；D.show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。] 15．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　 attention.”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．compete in a cross­country race　参加越野比赛　 2．across the finish line　冲过终点线　 3．more than two­thirds of the way　超过三分之二的路程　 4．walk forward with aid　帮助向前走　 5．climb onto one's back　爬到后背上　 6．struggle with extreme pain　在极度的痛苦中挣扎　 7．make it to 　成功到达　 8．neither win the race　都没赢得比赛　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．fellow n．　同伴　 2．forward adv.　向前　 3．attention n．　注意力　 4．knee n．　膝盖　 5．checkpoint n．　检查站　 6．kindness n．　善良　 7．delay v．　延误　 8．patience n. 　耐心　 9．display v．　展示　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．fellow A．同行；同类者　B．研究员 C．同事 D．同类的 ①He is popular with his fellow workers.　__C__　 ②Joe is a fellow of the Law College.　__B__　 2．struggle A．奋斗，努力　B．打架，搏斗 C．斗争 D．奋力前进 ① After a long struggle, she gained control of the business.　__A__　 ②Let's join hands and struggle together.　__C__　 ◆长句缩写 1．As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (As reported by a local newspaper), Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way (through her race)[ a runner(in front of her) began crying in pain]． [句子缩写]　 　Bailey_was_more_than_two­thirds_of_the_way.　(不超过10个单词) 2．Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (Once there), Lenoue was assessed and (later)taken to a hospital，[ she learned(that she had serious injuries in one of her knees)]． [句子缩写]　 　_Lenoue_was_assessed_and_taken_to_a_hospital.　(不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $