必修二 UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦信息技术主题，以说明文为载体，系统整合细节理解、主旨归纳、推理判断等题型解法，构建“主题语境—题型方法—思维训练”三维逻辑体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读A-D|15题（含细节、主旨、推理题）|细节题定位原文关键句，主旨题抓段落首尾句，推理题分析作者态度词|围绕AI应用（文物修复、机器人任务、教育辅助、隐私保护）展开，形成“技术原理—社会影响”认知链条| |七选五|5题|通过上下文逻辑（因果、举例）及关键词复现解题|以“应对未来焦虑”为主题，构建“问题提出—方法给出”的说明结构|

[必修第二册] 课时冲关4　UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Ⅰ.阅读A 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：人工智能修复文物 I received my architectural training in Italy，earning a traditional degree that didn't involve working with Computer­Aided Design (CAD). However，my journey with computers began through my passion for music，using sound sampling systems，which catch the “sound reality” of an instrument，and also computer­assisted music composition systems. Little did I know that this exploration would greatly influence my approach to computer science and AI in the years to come. Self­taught in computer science during my architectural studies，I sought opportunities to specialize further. Ultimately，my journey led me to a pioneering laboratory in Marseille，France，known for its groundbreaking work in computer science applied to architecture. Surrounded by a community of innovators，I improved my skills to explore the transformative power of technology in preserving cultural heritage. In 2019，the world watched in horror as Notre Dame de Paris(巴黎圣母院) was consumed in flames. Determined to contribute to the restoration efforts，I took the lead in developing a digital ecosystem for the restoration operation. We developed groundbreaking AI tools generating 3D representations from photographs. By tracking the position and shape of voussoirs(拱石)，and digitizing them from photographs，we were able to use the fine geometric information of the voussoirs to reconstruct the arch，thus giving valuable information to the architects about the structure，the exact geometry，and especially about constructive details of the oldest areas of the church from the 13th century. Notably，AI played a pivotal role in the process. As the restoration project progresses，the AI­driven preservation continues to advance. This knowledge will definitely serve as raw material to be used for AI systems，for example，for studies that can be extended to other buildings. Today，the restoration project is in an extremely advanced state. We hope to complete the restoration work before the 2024 Paris Olympics，so that this architectural masterpiece can regain its former glory. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者在计算机科学领域的探索以及发现，说明了人工智能在修复文物中发挥的重要作用。 1．What led the author to computer science initially? A．Composing music with CAD. B．Exploring computers for music. C．Studying for a degree in architecture. D．Developing sound sampling systems. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“However，my journey with computers began through my passion for music，using sound sampling systems，which catch the ‘sound reality’ of an instrument，and also computer­assisted music composition systems.(然而，我的电脑之旅始于我对音乐的热爱，使用声音采样系统，捕捉乐器的‘声音现实’，以及计算机辅助的音乐创作系统。)”可知，最初是为音乐探索电脑引导作者进入计算机科学领域的。] 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The application of AI in restoration. B．The structure of Notre Dame de Paris. C．The destruction of Notre Dame de Paris. D．The development of AI digital ecosystem. 解析：A　[主旨大意题。根据第三段“We developed groundbreaking AI tools generating 3D representations from photographs. By tracking the position and shape of voussoirs (拱石)，and digitizing them from photographs，we were able to use the fine geometric information of the voussoirs to reconstruct the arch，thus giving valuable information to the architects about the structure，the exact geometry，and especially about constructive details of the oldest areas of the church from the 13th century. Notably，AI played a pivotal role in the process.(我们开发了突破性的人工智能工具，从照片中生成3D图像。通过记录拱石的位置和形状，并将它们从照片中数字化，我们能够使用拱石的精细几何信息来重建拱门，从而为建筑师提供有关结构，精确几何形状，特别是13世纪以来教堂最古老区域的构造细节的宝贵信息。值得注意的是，人工智能在这一过程中发挥了关键作用。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是人工智能在修复中的应用。] 3．What is the author's attitude towards the AI­driven preservation? A．Indifferent.　　　 B．Skeptical. C．Optimistic. D．Objective. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“As the restoration project progresses，the AI­driven preservation continues to advance. This knowledge will definitely serve as raw material to be used for AI systems，for example，for studies that can be extended to other buildings. Today，the restoration project is in an extremely advanced state. We hope to complete the restoration work before the 2024 Paris Olympics，so that this architectural masterpiece can regain its former glory.(随着修复工程的推进，人工智能驱动的保护也在不断推进。这些知识肯定会作为人工智能系统的原材料，例如，用于可以扩展到其他建筑物的研究。今天，修复工程处于非常先进的状态。我们希望在2024年巴黎奥运会之前完成修复工作，让这座建筑杰作重现昔日的辉煌。)”可知，作者对人工智能驱动保护持乐观态度。] 阅读B 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：机器人完成你不想做的任务 A robot that can wash windows and do the shopping is something that the futuristic cartoon The Jetsons envisioned occurring in 2062，but it is happening now. Unlimited Robotics，an Israeli startup based in Tel Aviv has created a robot that can do the tasks that you don't want to. Gary，named after the initials of the company's founder and CEO Guy Altagar's children，is not like the robots that are already on the market. The robot has two functioning arms and it is no easy task to build a robot with two arms. In fact，Altagar said that the robot can activate its arms to do a number of tasks at the same time. Gary is also autonomous，which means that it can do tasks that are programmed without a person turning on a switch like an iRobot. This means that unlike robots that are designed to do just one task like picking fruit or assembling cars，Gary can pick up new skills and perform new tasks just by writing some additional lines of code. While Gary was designed to do tasks in homes and offices，the robot could easily do work in factories，stores，and hospitals. Gary can hold up to 5 kilos (11 pounds) and has a top speed of 1.2 meters per second (3.1 mph) and can adapt to multiple settings — floors，carpets，grass，indoors and outdoors. Gary can adapt to different environments because of the three different infrared(红外线的) and in­depth cameras that are built in. There are currently nine robots that are being used in medical settings and in hotels where there are presently labor shortages. Gary can do nonmedical work by bringing patients water or extra blankets. But this is just the beginning. The company already has plans to increase the number of robots to 500 by the end of 2024. After that，who knows what other futuristic Jetsonian fantasy will become a reality next? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍Unlimited Robotics公司创造了一种机器人，可以完成你不想做的任务。 4．Why does the author mention The Jetsons in Paragraph 1? A．To lead in the topic of robot Gary. B．To get readers interested in robots. C．To highly praise the current robots. D．To introduce a futuristic cartoon film. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第一段“A robot that can wash windows and do the shopping is something that the futuristic cartoon The Jetsons envisioned occurring in 2062，but it is happening now.Unlimited Robotics，an Israeli startup based in Tel Aviv has created a robot that can do the tasks that you don't want to.(《杰森一家》中的未来主义电影设想2062年会出现一个既能擦窗户又能购物的机器人，但它现在正在发生。总部位于特拉维夫的以色列初创公司Unlimited Robotics发明了一款机器人，它可以完成你不想做的任务。)”可知，首段提及The Jetsons是为了引出话题，介绍机器人Gary。] 5．What is the advantage of Gary over other robots? A．It is easily operated. B．It can be programmed itself. C．It is remotely controlled. D．It can do multiple tasks automatically. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第二段“The robot has two functioning arms and it is no easy task to build a robot with two arms.In fact，Altagar said that the robot can activate its arms to do a number of tasks at the same time.(这个机器人有两条功能齐全的手臂，制造一个有两条手臂的机器人不是一件容易的事。事实上，Altagar说，这个机器人可以激活它的手臂同时做许多任务。)”以及第三段“Gary is also autonomous，which means that it can do tasks that are programmed without a person turning on a switch like an iRobot. This means that unlike robots that are designed to do just one task like picking fruit or assembling cars，Gary can pick up new skills and perform new tasks just by writing some additional lines of code.(Gary也是自主的，这意味着它可以像iRobot那样在没有人的情况下打开开关完成编程的任务。这意味着，与那些只能完成采摘水果或组装汽车等任务的机器人不同，Gary可以通过编写一些额外的代码来学习新技能并执行新任务。)”可知，相比其它机器人，Gary的优势在于它能自动完成多项任务。] 6．What does Paragraph 4 focus on regarding Gary? A．Its capabilities. B．Its design. C．Its appearance. D．Its limitations. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第四段“While Gary was designed to do tasks in homes and offices，the robot could easily do work in factories，stores，and hospitals.Gary can hold up to 5 kilos(11 pounds)and has a top speed of 1.2 meters per second(3.1 mph)and can adapt to multiple settings—floors，carpets，grass，indoors and outdoors.Gary can adapt to different environments because of the three different infrared(红外线的)and in­depth cameras that are built in.(虽然Gary的设计目的是在家庭和办公室完成任务，但它可以轻松地在工厂、商店和医院工作。Gary可以举起5公斤(11磅)的重物，最高速度为每秒1.2米(3.1英里)，可以适应多种环境——地板、地毯、草地、室内和室外。Gary可以适应不同的环境，因为它内置了三种不同的红外和深度摄像头。)”可知，本段主要讲述Gary能做的任务，即其能力。] 7．What does the author think of the future of Gray? A．Doubtful.　　　 B．Challenging. C．Promising. D．Uncertain. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are currently nine robots that are being used in medical settings and in hotels where there are presently labor shortages.Gary can do nonmedical work by bringing patients water or extra blankets.But this is just the beginning.The company already has plans to increase the number of robots to 500 by the end of 2024.After that，who knows what other futuristic Jetsonian fantasy will become a reality next？(目前有9个机器人被用于医疗机构和酒店，这些地方目前劳动力短缺。Gray可以通过给病人送水或额外的毯子来做非医疗工作。但这仅仅是个开始。该公司已经计划到2024年底将机器人数量增加到500个。在那之后，谁知道接下来还有什么未来主义的Jetsonian幻想会变成现实呢？)”可知，作者认为Gray的未来是充满希望的。] 阅读C 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：人工智能的帮助 Overcoming learning disabilities has long been a challenge for educators and students alike. However, recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have shown promise in revolutionizing the way we approach education for students with learning disabilities. One of the most significant ways AI can assist is through the use of adaptive learning systems. These systems use algorithms(算法) to analyze a student's performance and adjust the learning content and pace accordingly. This personalized approach allows them to progress at their own pace, without feeling overwhelmed or left behind. Furthermore, adaptive learning systems can identify areas where a student may be struggling and provide targeted support. Another way AI can support them is through natural language processing (NLP) technology. NLP enables computers to understand and interpret human language, allowing AI­powered tools to provide real­time feedback on a student's written work. This can be particularly beneficial for students with dyslexia,_who often struggle with spelling, grammar, and sentence structure. By providing immediate feedback, students can identify and correct their mistakes, leading to improved writing skills and increased confidence. AI can also play a role in developing their social and emotional skills. Many students with learning disabilities experience social isolation. AI­powered social robots can recognize and respond to human emotions, allowing students to engage in interactive conversations and activities that help develop their social and emotional intelligence. While the potential benefits of AI in education are clear, it is essential to recognize AI isn't a one­size­fits­all solution. Educators must carefully consider the moral implications of using AI in the classroom and ensure these tools are used responsibly and with the best interests of the students in mind. Moreover, it is crucial to remember AI shouldn't replace human educators but rather serve as a tool to enhance and support their efforts. Teachers play a vital role by providing empathy, understanding, and guidance that cannot be reproduced by a machine. By combining the power of AI with the skills and compassion of human educators, we can create a more inclusive and effective educational environment for all students. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在帮助学生克服学习障碍方面，以及提高社交和情感技能方面可以发挥的作用。 8．How can adaptive systems help students with learning disabilities? A．By adjusting their learning methods. B．By analyzing their learning abilities. C．By satisfying their curiosity in learning. D．By offering personalized learning assistance. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第二段“These systems use algorithms (算法) to analyze a student's performance and adjust the learning content and pace accordingly. This personalized approach allows them to progress at their own pace, without feeling overwhelmed or left behind. Furthermore, adaptive learning systems can identify areas where a student may be struggling and provide targeted support.(这些系统使用算法来分析学生的表现，并相应地调整学习内容和节奏。这种个性化的方法可以让他们按照自己的节奏进步，而不会感到不知所措或落后。此外，适应性学习系统可以识别学生可能挣扎的领域，并提供有针对性的支持。)”可知，适应性系统通过提供个性化的学习帮助有学习障碍的学生。] 9．What does the underlined word “dyslexia” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．A mental illness affecting human intelligence. B．A brain disease leading to lack of confidence in study. C．A language­related skill applied in the learning process. D．A learning disorder involving difficulty in reading and writing. 解析：D　[词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“who often struggle with spelling, grammar, and sentence structure.”可知，who引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词students with dyslexia，说明患有dyslexia的学生经常在拼写、语法和句子结构上挣扎，即存在包括读写困难的学习障碍。故划线词意思是“一种包括读写困难的学习障碍”。] 10．What is the value of AI­powered social robots? A．Engaging students in learning activities. B．Narrowing the social distance between people. C．Assisting learners to overcome social isolation. D．Helping learners adopt effective reading strategies. 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AI­powered social robots can recognize and respond to human emotions, allowing students to engage in interactive conversations and activities that help develop their social and emotional intelligence.(人工智能社交机器人可以识别并回应人类的情绪，让学生参与互动对话和活动，帮助发展他们的社交和情商。)”可知，人工智能社交机器人的价值是帮助学习者克服社会孤立。] 11．What does the author say about AI in the last paragraph? A．It can't provide understanding like human educators. B．It can't create an inclusive learning environment. C．It can meet a wide range of learning needs. D．It can guarantee learners' data security. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moreover, it is crucial to remember AI shouldn't replace human educators but rather serve as a tool to enhance and support their efforts. Teachers play a vital role by providing empathy, understanding, and guidance that cannot be reproduced by a machine.(此外，重要的是要记住，人工智能不应该取代人类教育工作者，而应该作为一种工具来加强和支持他们的努力。教师通过提供机器无法复制的同理心、理解和指导，发挥着至关重要的作用。)”可知，人工智能不能像人类教育者那样提供理解。] 阅读D 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：智能电视获取用户信息 It's likely that you don't think you have invited a spy into your home when setting up a new TV.But new Samsung, LG and Vizio smart TVs can record and share everything that is viewed, whether it's a broadcast or something streaming from the Internet.And some smart TVs can even track what DVD you're watching. Your viewing habits are valuable information for marketers who might want to use the information to introduce new shows or add extra content about some products to the shows you are already watching.The ads are primarily pop­ups like the ones you see on your computer. You might not realize that you allowed that data collection when you agreed to the long privacy policy during setup; with Samsung, there are 47 screens of text.LG and Vizio also ask you to sign away your privacy in thousands of words in fine print. When Consumer Reports sent an email to the manufacturers to ask how they are using the technology, representatives for Samsung and Vizio didn't make any comment.An LG representative said that the company isn't using any data to send personalized ads and has no plans to do so.But Consumer Reports said that could change at any time. You might think, “Well, why don't I just turn those marketing features off？” It's not always so easy.To stop manufacturers' tracking, you have to fight your way through menu settings.On an LG set, go to “settings”， then “options”， then “Live plus”， click “off”， and then close.With Vizio, it's a voyage through three menus to turn off the box “Smart Interactivity”．With Samsung, it's a similar trip to find the box “SyncPlus and Marketing” to disable it. Consumer Reports said that disabling the marketing feature may cause you to lose offers of extra scenes which are related to the shows you're watching.But maybe that's a small price to pay for knowing that what you're watching remains private. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新款的三星、LG和Vizio智能电视可以记录和分享观看的所有内容，无论是广播节目还是互联网上的流媒体内容。一些智能电视甚至可以跟踪你正在看的DVD。文章说明了用户观看习惯对营销人员的作用，以及如何关闭营销功能。 12．What might the marketers use your viewing habits to do? A．To improve the quality of smart TVs. B．To collect some suggestions about shows. C．To recommend shows or advertise products. D．To build a strong relationship between produces and customers. 解析：C　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Your viewing habits are valuable information for marketers who might want to use the information to introduce new shows or add extra content about some products to the shows you are already watching.The ads are primarily pop­ups like the ones you see on your computer.(你的收视习惯对市场营销人员来说是很有价值的信息，他们可能想利用这些信息为新节目和产品做广告，为你想看的节目提供额外的内容。这些广告就像你在电视上看到的一样。)”可知，智能电视营销人员通过用户的观看习惯获得有用信息，以便向他们推荐新节目或为某些商品做广告。] 13．How does Consumer Reports find the comment made by an LG representative? A．Negative.　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Reasonable. D．Approving. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据第四段“When Consumer Reports sent an email to the manufacturers to ask how they are using the technology, representatives for Samsung and Vizio didn't make any comment.An LG representative said that the company isn't using any data to send personalized ads and has no plans to do so.But Consumer Reports said that could change at any time.(当《消费者报告》向制造商发送电子邮件询问他们如何使用这项技术时，三星和Vizio的代表没有发表任何评论。LG的一位代表说，公司没有使用任何数据发送个性化广告，也没有这样做的计划。但《消费者报告》表示，这种情况随时可能改变。)”可知，《消费者报告》对LG代表的评论表示怀疑。] 14．What's the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．How we learn to use TVs' settings. B．How we can become wise customers. C．How we send personal information to others. D．How we stop our viewing from being tracked. 解析：D　[主旨大意题。根据第五段“You might think, ‘Well, why don't I just turn those marketing features off？’ It's not always so easy.To stop manufacturers' tracking, you have to fight your way through menu settings.On an LG set, go to ‘settings’， then ‘options’， then ‘Live plus’， click ‘off’， and then close.With Vizio, it's a voyage through three menus to turn off the box ‘Smart Interactivity’．With Samsung, it's a similar trip to find the box ‘SyncPlus and Marketing’ to disable it.(你可能会想‘我怎么才能关掉那些广告？’并不总是那容易。要停止制造商追踪，你必须通过菜单设置。在一个LG设置，去‘设置’，然后‘选项’，然后‘现场加’，点击‘关闭’，然后关闭。对Vizio来说，这就像是一个漫长的旅程，通过三个菜单来关闭广告。对于三星来说，找到‘SyncPlus and Marketing’解除它也是一个相似的过程。)”可知，本段主要告诉顾客如何取消智能电视的这种功能。”] 15．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．It's worthwhile to turn marketing features off. B．People should keep their watching habits a secret. C．TVs' marketing features should be further developed. D．TV producers should apologize to customers for their misbehavior. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Consumer Reports said that disabling the marketing feature may cause you to lose offers of extra scenes which are related to the shows you're watching.But maybe that's a small price to pay for knowing that what you're watching remains private.(《消费者报告》表示，禁用该营销功能可能会导致你失去与你正在观看的节目相关的额外场景。但也许这是一个小小的代价，因为你知道你所看到的仍然是隐私。)”可知，A选项“关掉营销功能是值得的”作者会同意。] Ⅱ.七选五 主题语境：人与自我 体裁：说明文 话题：减少对未来的担忧 Often our minds paint terrible images of the future. As a therapist, I see this every day. The everlasting “what ifs” can keep us trapped in a future that does not now and may never exist. These fears take away the joy and connection we could be experiencing in the present. Still, trying not to worry is rarely effective. __1___ Find an anchor. Anchoring exercises(锚定练习)are meant to root us in something occurring in the present moment. ___2___ As an anchor does for a boat on the water, these experiences can hold our minds in place in the now. ___3___ What you intend to do for the present can help keep your eyes on the now. Your intention might be as simple as “I intend to be kind” or “I intend to enjoy my walk”. Focusing just on this intention narrows you into the present. Permit yourself to feel anxious. Anxiety can be unpleasant. ___4___ Giving yourself the freedom to feel this is sometimes necessary to free yourself from an impossible battle. Set aside time for planning and seek to keep your worry there. ___5___ It helps us plan for the future. There can be a time and place for that. Setting aside time for planning can help you set boundaries with your worry so it can fulfill its duties and so you can take part in yours. A．Focus your attention on assumptions. B．Outline an intention just for today. C．Of course, worrying plays a purpose. D．These are some alternatives for dealing with fear of the future. E．It could be an experience like a drink of water, one's breath, or a sound. F．Yet, trying to make ourselves feel less anxious often results in greater anxiety. G．It strikes me that I am overwhelmed by things outside my current concerns. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了应对未来恐惧的一些选择。 1．D　[根据上文“Still, trying not to worry is rarely effective.(不过，尽量不去担心很少有效果。)”可知，选项承接上文总起下文。故D选项“这有一些应对未来恐惧的一些选择。”切题。some alternatives for dealing with fear of the future呼应下文的标题。] 2．E　[根据上文“Anchoring exercises(锚定练习)are meant to root us in something occurring in the present moment.(锚定练习是为了让我们扎根于当下发生的事情。)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明锚定练习。故E选项“它可以是一种体验，比如喝一口水，一个人的呼吸，或者一个声音。”切题。] 3．B　[根据下文“What you intend to do for the present can help keep your eyes on the now. Your intention might be as simple as ‘I intend to be kind' or ‘I intend to enjoy my walk'.(你现在打算做的事情可以帮助你关注现在。你的意图可能很简单，比如‘我想做个好人'或者‘我想享受我的散步'。)”可知，本段主要关于要设定今天的目标。故B选项“勾勒出今天的目标。”切题，为本段的标题。] 4．F　[根据上文“Permit yourself to feel anxious.(允许自己感到焦虑。)”根据上文“Anxiety can be unpleasant.(焦虑是不愉快的。)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系说明与允许自己感到焦虑相反的情况造成的后果。故F选项“然而，试图让自己不那么焦虑往往会导致更大的焦虑。”切题。] 5．C　[根据标题“Set aside time for planning and seek to keep your worry there.(留出时间来做计划，把你的担心留在那里。)”以及下文“It helps us plan for the future.(它帮助我们规划未来。)”可知，选项承接下文说明担忧的作用。故C选项“当然，担心是有目的的。”it指代上文的worrying。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $