必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（外研版）

**基本信息** 以“环境与成长”主题为载体，融合阅读理解、语法填空、读后续写三大题型，通过题型分层训练构建“基础理解-语言应用-逻辑拓展”的方法体系，强化语言能力与思维品质的协同发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题（格陵兰岛冰雪融化）|细节定位（首段关键句）、主旨归纳（段落核心资源描述）、推理分析（区域价值推断）、体裁判断（科学议题特征）|从地理事实到环境影响，构建“现象-原因-结果”逻辑链，培养信息筛选与科学思维| |语法填空|10空（珠峰科考）|固定短语（a total of）、非谓语（过去分词作状语）、从句（who引导定语从句）、时态语态（现在完成时被动）|按“词汇-句式-语篇”层级递进，强化语法规则在科学语境中的应用| |读后续写|1题（出演鱼仆）|情节发展（紧张-自信）、情感描写（心理活动刻画）、对话推进（角色互动）|遵循“冲突-转变-成长”叙事逻辑，提升情境应变与语言表达能力|

课时冲关12　Unit 6　Earth first Ⅰ.阅读理解 体裁：说明文 话题：格陵兰岛的情况以及岛上冰雪融化所带来的影响 Greenland is the world's largest island and a self­governed territory of Denmark. About 57,000 people live there, mainly along its coasts. Most of Greenland lies north of the Arctic Circle, under thick sheets of ice. The island plays a large part in the weather experienced by billions of people every day and in climate changes around the planet, experts say. Greenland has huge amounts of oil and natural gas below the ice and valuable elements known as rare earth minerals needed in communication technologies, including phones. Most of these resources are trapped under Greenland's ice. However, warming temperatures have increased melting on the island. As more ice melts, some of these resources may become easier to reach. Other countries are becoming interested in Greenland because China is currently the supplier of over half of the world's rare earth minerals. From 1992 to 2020, Greenland lost an average of 169 billion metric tons of ice each year, with losses reaching 444 billion metric tons in 2019. A well­known expert said that melting from Greenland will be a central issue through the 21st century. That is because melting ice adds to rising sea levels. He noted that the amount of melting will likely increase in the future. Greenland also serves as the engine for an important ocean current that influences Earth's climate in many ways, including storm activity. The current is called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC. The current is slowing down because more fresh water from Greenland's melting ice is entering the ocean. A shutdown of the current could lead to long­term freezes in Europe and parts of North America. As more ice melts, Greenland is also changing colour from the white of ice to the blue and green of water and land. These darker colours hold more heat from the sun and can increase the speed of warming. Greenland lies in between northern Canada, northern Europe, and Russia. That area may become more valuable to countries if melting in the Arctic Ocean continues to increase and more ships pass through the area. 1．What do we know about Greenland? A．It is completely located within the Arctic Circle. B．It is managed by a single country. C．It is the second largest island covered by ice in the world. D．It is an uninhabited island with few human footprints. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The distribution of rare earth minerals worldwide. B．Difficulties in mineral development on Greenland. C．Rich mineral resources on Greenland. D．The largest supplier of rare earth minerals. 3．Which can be concluded from the text? A．Greenland lost about 444 billion metric tons of ice each year. B．AMOC is an unimportant member of the ocean current system. C．The melting of ice in Greenland will slow down global warming. D．Greenland may be very important in future ocean transportation. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A tourist guidebook. B．A science magazine. C．A history textbook. D．An official report. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了格陵兰岛的基本情况以及岛上冰雪融化所带来的影响。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Greenland is the world's largest island and a self­governed territory of Denmark.(格陵兰岛是世界上最大的岛屿，也是丹麦的自治领土。)”可知，格陵兰岛由丹麦这个国家管理。] 2．C　[主旨大意题。根据第二段“Greenland has huge amounts of oil and natural gas below the ice and ... the world's rare earth minerals.(格陵兰岛冰层下有大量的石油和天然气，以及包括手机在内的通信技术所需的稀土矿物等宝贵元素。这些资源大多被困在格陵兰岛的冰层之下。然而，变暖的气温加剧了岛上的融化。随着更多的冰融化，其中一些资源可能更容易开采。其他国家对格陵兰岛越来越感兴趣，因为中国目前是世界上一半以上稀土矿物的供应国。)”可知，第二段主要讲了格陵兰岛矿产资源丰富。] 3．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Greenland lies in between northern Canada, northern Europe, and Russia. That area may become more valuable to countries if melting in the Arctic Ocean continues to increase and more ships pass through the area.(格陵兰岛位于加拿大北部、 北欧和俄罗斯之间。如果北冰洋融化的速度继续增加，更多的船只通过该地区，那么该地区对各国来说可能会变得更有价值。)”可知，随着北冰洋的上升，更多的船舶将通过格陵兰岛所处的这片区域，即格陵兰岛在未来的海洋运输中可能非常重要。] 4．B　[推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Greenland is the world's largest island and a ... every day and in climate changes around the planet, experts say.(格陵兰岛是世界上最大的岛屿，也是丹麦的自治领土。大约有57 000人居住在那里，主要居住在沿海地区。格陵兰岛的大部分地区位于北极圈以北，被厚厚的冰层覆盖。专家表示，该岛在数十亿人每天经历的天气和全球气候变化中发挥着重要作用。)”可知，文章围绕格陵兰岛的基本情况、气候变化、资源开发和海洋环流等科学议题展开，属于科普文章，符合“科学杂志”定位。] Ⅱ.语法填空 体裁：说明文 话题：多方位科学考察珠穆朗玛峰 Chinese scientists have started a scientific expedition to the Mount Qomolangma. 1.________ total of 170 scientists have begun to do research on water, ecology and human activity, aiming 2.________ (reveal) the mechanism of environmental change and optimize the ecological security barrier system on the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau. 3．________ (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia, the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China. It is also a natural laboratory for 4.________ (conduct) research on the evolution of Earth and life, and the relationship between man and Earth. 5.________ an important part of the research, the ongoing expedition is 6.________ (particular) important to the study of the impact of climatic and environmental changes in the Mount Qomolangma region on other parts of the world. The expedition focuses on major scientific 7.________ (issue), such as how the extreme high­altitude environment of the Mount Qomolangma changes under the influence of global warming, according to Yao Tandong, 8.________ is the team leader. “The expedition has realized the 9.________ (transform) from ‘I want to conquer you’ to ‘I want to understand you’， achieved the application of new technologies and resulted in important international influence，” he said. So far, many scientific achievements 10.________ (make)． [语篇解读]　文章报道了中国科学家已开始对珠穆朗玛峰进行多方位科学考察，旨在揭示青藏高原环境变化的机制，优化生态安全屏障系统。 1．A　[考查固定短语。句意：共有170名科学家开始对水、生态和人类活动进行研究，旨在揭示青藏高原环境变化的机制，优化生态安全屏障系统。固定短语a total of (总共)，句首单词首字母大写。故填A。] 2．to reveal　[考查不定式。句意同上。固定短语aim to do sth.(旨在做某事)，reveal用不定式形式。故填to reveal。] 3．Labeled/Labelled　[考查过去分词。句意：青藏高原被誉为世界屋脊、亚洲水塔，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。label和逻辑主语the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau之间是被动关系，label用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Labeled/Labelled。] 4．conducting　[考查动名词。句意：它也是研究地球和生命进化以及人与地球关系的天然实验室。作介词for的宾语，conduct用动名词形式。故填conducting。] 5．As　[考查介词。句意：作为研究的重要组成部分，正在进行的探险对研究珠穆朗玛峰地区气候和环境变化对世界其他地区的影响尤为重要。根据句意可知此处表示“作为”，后跟名词短语，所以用介词as，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。] 6．particularly　[考查副词。句意同上。副词particularly作状语，修饰形容词important。故填particularly。] 7．issues　[考查名词。句意：据团队负责人姚坦东介绍，此次考察的重点是重大科学问题，例如珠穆朗玛峰的极端高海拔环境在全球变暖的影响下是如何变化的。issue为可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以用名词复数表示泛指。故填issues。] 8．who　[考查定语从句。句意同上。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yao Tandong，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。] 9．transformation　[考查名词。句意：他说：“这次探险实现了从‘我想征服你’到‘我想了解你’的转变，实现了新技术的应用，产生了重要的国际影响。”作宾语，用名词transformation，为不可数名词。故填transformation。] 10．have been made　[考查时态、语态。句意：到目前为止，已经取得了许多科学成果。根据时间状语So far，可知用现在完成时态，主语many scientific achievements和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语复数，所以助动词为have。故填have been made。] Ⅲ.读后续写 体裁：记叙文 话题：出演鱼仆 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I stared at myself in the mirror: blue tights, yellow vest, a fish tail trailing behind me, and large eyes sitting atop my head. I raised my eyebrows and sighed. “Mom, I don't think this costume is right，” I said. “Maybe the makeup will add something，” Mom replied hopefully. Somehow Mom had convinced me to play the Fish Footman in Alice in Wonderland. I can't say it's been the time of my life. “What if I forget my lines？” I hesitated. “Oh Riley, is that what you're afraid of? I know you've been rehearsing for two months, you were the first offbook in your scene, and I couldn't be prouder of you，” Mom said, kneeling down and hugging me. The next day we pulled into the parking lot, and I stepped out of the car, wearing the questionable costume. I shrank inside myself, but Mom pulled me toward the makeup room. When the makeup was done, I looked at myself in the mirror. My jaw dropped. “Mom! I can't go onstage like this！” I cried. “Why not？” “I'd be a laughing stock(笑柄)! ” “Riley, look around you! You're not the only one in an odd costume.” “What if we just sneak out? No one will miss me，” I whispered. Mom's lips disappeared into a thin line, and I knew I had gone too far. “Riley, I'm going to watch you go out on that stage tonight. And that's the end of it.” Then mom disappeared into the audience. I sat there, alone and bored, as the play began and the curtain rose on. The two boys dressed as Two of Clubs(梅花2) near me chatted casually about this and that. Suddenly, they asked, “You're awfully quiet. Is this your first show？” I tried to respond, but my voice caught in my throat and refused to escape. I coughed and nearly yelled, “YES！” The Ace of Diamonds(方块A) sitting nearby laughed. “The audience will certainly hear you if you talk that loud. But you might have to clear your throat first.” she chuckled. I gave them a weak smile. “Don't worry about us，” the Ace said. “We're only teasing.” “Yeah，” the Two said. “When you've done as many shows as we have, projecting will be second nature to you.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When my name was called, I stepped onto the stage uneasily. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly I was determined to make a lasting impression. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [写作思路] 故 事 梗 概 本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了作者的妈妈说服作者去演《爱丽丝梦游仙境》里的鱼仆。当第二天去演出的时候，作者开始退缩了；化完妆之后作者更不想去上台演出。妈妈消失在观众中，作者独自一人等待参加演出，在等待的过程中作者遇到了梅花2和方块A。 续 写 思 路 续写第 一段 由第一段首句内容“当叫到我的名字时，我忐忑不安地走上舞台。”可知，第一段描写的是作者在舞台上紧张不安的心理活动和反应。 续写第 二段 由第二段首句内容“突然间，我下定决心要给人留下深刻的印象。”可知，第二段描写的是作者想起梅花2和方块A的轻松自信，受到感染，作者成功地完成了演出，演出结束后作者得到了妈妈的夸赞，作者自己意识到要走出自己的舒适区。 续 写 线 索,走上舞台——感受到观众的期待——想要离开舞台——下定决心给观众留下好的印象——挺直腰板——清清嗓子——收获笑声与掌声——得到妈妈的夸赞[参考范文] When my name was called, I stepped onto the stage uneasily. The bright lights blinded me for a moment, and I felt the weight of the audience's expectant gazes. Despite that, my muscle memory took over. We had rehearsed so many times that I was like a robot, reciting my lines in the most monotone(单调的) voice imaginable. A small part of my brain whispered that I had said these lines much better in rehearsal, but I pushed that voice away. I just wanted to get off stage as fast as possible. Soon, the end of my scene was approaching, and I grew uncomfortably aware that the audience had indeed been very quiet during it. Had I done something wrong? Did they not like me? Suddenly I was determined to make a lasting impression. I remembered the Two of Clubs and the Ace of Diamonds, their easy confidence. They, too, had started somewhere, likely just as nervous and uncertain as I was now. Then I straightened my spine, cleared my throat, and yelled with all the force I could muster. Obviously, the audience heard me. As the dialogue began, I found my voice clear and strong, resonating through the theatre. I moved with purpose, embracing the absurdity of my costume and transforming it into a character that was both comical and endearing. With each passing minute, my confidence grew, fueled by the audience response of laughter and applause, their enjoyment tangible proof that I had overcome my fears. As the final curtain fell, Mom found her way backstage, her eyes shining with pride. “You were amazing, Riley，” she whispered. In that moment, I realized that stepping out of my comfort zone, despite the initial hesitation and fear, had led me to discover a strength within myself that I never knew existed. [日积月累] 1．行为类：①接近：approach/come near/draw near ②大喊：yell/shout　③克服：overcome/get over 2．情绪类：①紧张的：nervous/strained ②恐惧：fear/dread 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $