专题17 基本句型（知识清单）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统梳理了基本句型专题，涵盖简单句概述及主谓、主谓宾、主系表、主谓双宾、主谓宾补、there be结构六大基本句型，通过知识脑图搭建框架，考点深研分层突破，优题精练强化实战应用。 清单以知识脑图构建完整体系，考点标注系动词分类、双宾与宾补辨析等重难点，配套“一套主谓是简单”等口诀助记提升学习能力，优题精练分基础识别与长句主干分析，培养语言理解与思维品质，参考答案附句型解析，便于学生自主复习，助力教师精准指导备考。

清单17 基本句型 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 英语简单句概述 考点二 简单句的六大基本句型 知识点1 主谓 S+V 知识点2 主谓宾 S+V+O 知识点3 主系表 S+V 系 + P 知识点4 主谓双宾 S+V+O1+O2（人 + 物） 知识点5 主谓宾补 S+V+O+C 知识点6 there be结构 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1 英语简单句概述 简单句：只有一套主谓结构，没有从句、没有并列连词连接的两套谓语，就是简单句。 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,把这些基本句型弄清楚,能够奠定分析和理解长难句的基础 特点： 整个句子只有一个主句谓语 可以有定语、状语、补语修饰 修饰再多、句子再长，只要一套主谓 = 简单句 考点2 简单句的六大基本句型 知识点1：主谓 S+V（不及物动词，不用宾语） Birds fly. 知识点2：主谓宾 S+V+O主语+及物动词+宾语/主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语 We study English. She laughed at her colleagues. 知识点3：主系表 S+V 系 + P（be /become/ 感官动词） My mother is a teacher. The dinner smells good. The weather became warmer. 主系表结构的系动词 状态系动词：be 持续系动词：keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等 表象系动词：seem, appear, look 感官系动词：feel, smell, sound, taste 变化系动词：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run 终止系动词：prove, turn out 知识点4：主谓双宾 S+V+O1+O2（人 + 物） 主语+谓语+ +直宾（物）或者：主语+谓语+直宾（物）+介词+间宾（人） He gave me a book. My father bought me a gift. She told me a secret. The professor showed us some pictures. The professor showed some pictures to us. 知识点5：主谓宾补 S+V+O+C（补语让句子完整） The news made me excited. We keep our bedroom comfortable. The news made me cry. We call him Li Hua. 知识点6：there be结构 There is a book on the table. There are 3 pens in the pencil case. There was some water in the bottle. There were a few mistakes in the article. There will be a concert. 简单句可以很长 有很多定语、状语，但只有一个谓语，依然是简单句。 并列谓语 ≠ 不是简单句 用 and/but 并列谓语，同一主语、一套主干，仍是简单句 I hesitated and admitted my mistake.（简单句） 只要出现从句引导词 when/that/which → 立刻不是简单句，变复合句 一套主谓是简单，多套主谓是复合； 修饰再多不算数，从句一出变复杂。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考向01 辨识句子类型 一、做题要求：判断每句属于： 主谓S+V / 主谓宾S+V+O / 主系表S+V+P / 主谓双宾S+V+O1+O2 / 主谓宾补S+V+O+C 第一组：简单句 10题（纯简单句，无从句、无嵌套） 1. The sun rises every morning. 2. We love natural scenery. 3. The air is fresh and clean. 4. My mother bought me a new book. 5. The news makes me surprised. 6. Birds sing loudly in the woods. 7. Students finish their homework on time. 8. The task seems difficult. 9. The teacher teaches us useful knowledge. 10. Exercise keeps our bodies strong. 参考答案+句型解析 1. The sun rises every morning. 👉 主谓(S+V) （rise不及物，无宾语，every morning为状语） 2. We love natural scenery. 👉 主谓宾(S+V+O) 3. The air is fresh and clean. 👉 主系表(S+V+P) 4. My mother bought me a new book. 👉 主谓双宾(S+V+O1+O2)（me间接宾语，a new book直接宾语） 5. The news makes me surprised. 👉 主谓宾补(S+V+O+C)（surprised补充说明me的状态） 6. Birds sing loudly in the woods. 👉 主谓(S+V)（sing不及物，后接状语） 7. Students finish their homework on time. 👉主谓宾(S+V+O) 8. The task seems difficult. 👉 主系表(S+V+P)（seem为系动词） 9. The teacher teaches us useful knowledge. 👉 主谓双宾(S+V+O1+O2) 10. Exercise keeps our bodies strong. 👉 主谓宾补(S+V+O+C)（strong补充说明bodies） 二、做题要求：判断长句子中的主要句型 核心规则：复杂句只看【主句主干】，修饰、从句、状语全部忽略，只判五大基本句型 1. The green plants around us improve our living environment greatly. 2. The young man standing there looks calm and confident. 3. The kind girl helps elderly people cross the road every day. 4. Trees growing in the forest absorb harmful gas constantly. 5. The policy brings local people more convenient daily life. 6. We find the natural world full of endless magic. 7. When autumn comes, leaves turn yellow and fall down. 8. The scientist researching climate change gives us a wonderful speech. 9. The warm sunshine makes the whole town bright and lively. 10. If you try your best, you will get unexpected rewards. 参考答案+句型解析 1. The green plants around us improve our living environment greatly. 👉 主谓宾(S+V+O) 2. The young man standing there looks calm and confident. 👉 主系表(S+V+P)（standing there为后置定语，主干系表结构） 3. The kind girl helps elderly people cross the road every day. 👉 主谓宾补(S+V+O+C)（cross the road 宾补） 4. Trees growing in the forest absorb harmful gas constantly. 👉 主谓宾(S+V+O) 5. The policy brings local people more convenient daily life. 👉 主谓双宾(S+V+O1+O2) 6. We find the natural world full of endless magic. 👉 主谓宾补(S+V+O+C) 7. When autumn comes, leaves turn yellow and fall down. 👉 主谓(S+V)（turn此处为变化动词，主干核心为不及物结构） 8. The scientist researching climate change gives us a wonderful speech. 👉 主谓双宾(S+V+O1+O2) 9. The warm sunshine makes the whole town bright and lively. 👉 主谓宾补(S+V+O+C) 10. If you try your best, you will get unexpected rewards. 👉 主谓宾(S+V+O)（if从句为修饰，主句主干主谓宾） ⭐ 句型判定终极口诀 无宾主谓，有宾主谓宾； 系动后面是表身； 人宾物宾双宾定； 补语齐全句意真； 长句只抓主干看，修饰从句不算根。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单17 基本句型 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 英语简单句概述 考点二 简单句的六大基本句型 知识点1 主谓 S+V 知识点2 主谓宾 S+V+O 知识点3 主系表 S+V 系 + P 知识点4 主谓双宾 S+V+O1+O2（人 + 物） 知识点5 主谓宾补 S+V+O+C 知识点6 there be结构 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1 英语简单句概述 简单句：只有一套主谓结构，没有从句、没有并列连词连接的两套谓语，就是简单句。 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,把这些基本句型弄清楚,能够奠定分析和理解长难句的基础 特点： 整个句子只有一个主句谓语 可以有定语、状语、补语修饰 修饰再多、句子再长，只要一套主谓 = 简单句 考点2 简单句的六大基本句型 知识点1：主谓 S+V（不及物动词，不用宾语） Birds fly. 知识点2：主谓宾 S+V+O主语+及物动词+宾语/主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语 We study English. She laughed at her colleagues. 知识点3：主系表 S+V 系 + P（be /become/ 感官动词） My mother is a teacher. The dinner smells good. The weather became warmer. 主系表结构的系动词 状态系动词：be 持续系动词：keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等 表象系动词：seem, appear, look 感官系动词：feel, smell, sound, taste 变化系动词：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run 终止系动词：prove, turn out 知识点4：主谓双宾 S+V+O1+O2（人 + 物） 主语+谓语+ +直宾（物）或者：主语+谓语+直宾（物）+介词+间宾（人） He gave me a book. My father bought me a gift. She told me a secret. The professor showed us some pictures. The professor showed some pictures to us. 知识点5：主谓宾补 S+V+O+C（补语让句子完整） The news made me excited. We keep our bedroom comfortable. The news made me cry. We call him Li Hua. 知识点6：there be结构 There is a book on the table. There are 3 pens in the pencil case. There was some water in the bottle. There were a few mistakes in the article. There will be a concert. 简单句可以很长 有很多定语、状语，但只有一个谓语，依然是简单句。 并列谓语 ≠ 不是简单句 用 and/but 并列谓语，同一主语、一套主干，仍是简单句 I hesitated and admitted my mistake.（简单句） 只要出现从句引导词 when/that/which → 立刻不是简单句，变复合句 一套主谓是简单，多套主谓是复合； 修饰再多不算数，从句一出变复杂。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考向01 辨识句子类型 一、做题要求：判断每句属于： 主谓S+V / 主谓宾S+V+O / 主系表S+V+P / 主谓双宾S+V+O1+O2 / 主谓宾补S+V+O+C 第一组：简单句 10题（纯简单句，无从句、无嵌套） 1. The sun rises every morning. 2. We love natural scenery. 3. The air is fresh and clean. 4. My mother bought me a new book. 5. The news makes me surprised. 6. Birds sing loudly in the woods. 7. Students finish their homework on time. 8. The task seems difficult. 9. The teacher teaches us useful knowledge. 10. Exercise keeps our bodies strong. 二、做题要求：判断长句子中的主要句型 核心规则：复杂句只看【主句主干】，修饰、从句、状语全部忽略，只判五大基本句型 1. The green plants around us improve our living environment greatly. 2. The young man standing there looks calm and confident. 3. The kind girl helps elderly people cross the road every day. 4. Trees growing in the forest absorb harmful gas constantly. 5. The policy brings local people more convenient daily life. 6. We find the natural world full of endless magic. 7. When autumn comes, leaves turn yellow and fall down. 8. The scientist researching climate change gives us a wonderful speech. 9. The warm sunshine makes the whole town bright and lively. 10. If you try your best, you will get unexpected rewards. ⭐ 句型判定终极口诀 无宾主谓，有宾主谓宾； 系动后面是表身； 人宾物宾双宾定； 补语齐全句意真； 长句只抓主干看，修饰从句不算根。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $