Unit 4 Changing and Growing 后缀 -less -ful 构词法 & 过去进行时（核心语法精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦后缀-ful/-less构词法与过去进行时，通过对比表、规律小结及分层训练构建系统语法体系，提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2对比表+思维导图|构词法：-ful表“充满”、-less表“没有”，形成反义对；过去进行时：was/were+doing结构，与一般过去时辨析，when/while连用规则|从概念（构词规律、时态结构）到应用（时间状语），逻辑递进| |考点夯基|4题型40小题（改编名校试题）|填空/选择/完成句子/句型转换专项突破，强化构词法在语境中运用及时态辨析|题型对应知识点：构词法侧重词性转换，过去进行时侧重结构与时间状语搭配| |综合提升|语法选择2篇+短文填空2篇（改编中考真题）|语篇中综合运用构词法与过去进行时，提升语境分析能力|通过真实语篇融合两知识点，体现“以用促学”逻辑，培养语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 4 Changing and Growing 核心语法精练 （后缀 -less / -ful 构词法 & 过去进行时） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 1. 后缀 -less / -ful 构词法结构对比表 1 2. 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）结构对比表 2 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（共10小题，原创/改编自重庆一中期末） 2 二、单项选择。（共10小题，改编自成都外国语学校期中试题） 3 三、完成句子。（共10小题，每空一词，改编自福建中考模拟） 5 四、句型转换。（共10小题，改编自陕西中考真题） 6 三、综合提升 7 一、语法选择 8 二、短文填空 10 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）结构对比表 结构形式 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 主要用法 was/were + doing I was helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. I wasn't helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. Was she helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m.? ①表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 They were playing basketball at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. They weren't playing basketball at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. Were they playing basketball at 9:00 a.m.? ②表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作 常用时间状语： 时间状语 示例 at + 具体时刻 + yesterday / last night at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, at 9:00 last night from + 时间 + to + 时间 + 过去时间 from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday at this time + 过去时间 at this time yesterday, at that time when / while 引导的时间状语从句 When I called him, he was sleeping. 用法辨析： 时态 含义 例句 过去进行时（was/were doing） 过去正在做某事 （强调过程/持续性） I was doing my homework at 8 p.m. yesterday. 一般过去时（did） 过去做了某事 （强调动作完成） I did my homework yesterday evening. 特别提示：  过去进行时由 was/were + 现在分词 构成。  was 用于主语为 I / he / she / it 及单数名词；were 用于主语为 you / we / they 及复数名词。  与 when 连用：从句用一般过去时（短暂动作），主句用过去进行时（延续动作）。  与 while 连用：从句和主句均可用过去进行时（两个延续动作同时发生）。 形容词后缀 -ful / -less 构词法（思维导图） 规律小结：  -ful：加在名词后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”，如 careful（充满小心的→小心的）。  -less：加在名词后构成形容词，表示“没有……的”，如 careless（没有小心的→粗心的）。  同一个名词加上不同后缀，词义完全相反，形成反义词对。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Li Hong was very __________ (care) in the exam. She made many mistakes because she didn't check her answers. 【答案】careless 【解析】care 加后缀 -less 变为 careless，表示“粗心的”，符合“犯了很多错误”的语境。 2. The teacher is very _________ (help). She always gives us useful advice when we have problems. 【答案】helpful 【解析】help 加后缀 -ful 变为 helpful，表示“有帮助的/乐于助人的”。 3. What _________ you _________ (do) at 9:00 last night? I called you but no one answered. 【答案】were; doing 【解析】at 9:00 last night 表示过去某一具体时刻，用过去进行时 were doing。 4. This old watch is _________ (use) now. It stopped working yesterday and I need to buy a new one. 【答案】useless 【解析】use 加后缀 -less 变为 useless，表示“没用的”，呼应“stopped working”。 5. While I _________ (walk) in the park yesterday afternoon, I came across an old friend from primary school. 【答案】was walking 【解析】while 引导的时间段用过去进行时，主句 came across 为一般过去时。 6. We were all _________ (hope) when we heard the good news that our team won the match. 【答案】hopeful 【解析】hope 加后缀 -ful 变为 hopeful，表示“充满希望的”。 7. She felt _________ (help) because nobody would listen to her problems. 【答案】helpless 【解析】help 加后缀 -less 变为 helpless，表示“无助的”，符合“没人愿意听”的语境。 8. My parents _________ (argue) with each other when I got home last night. I felt very upset. 【答案】were arguing 【解析】when 引导的短动作 got home 打断了长动作，主句用过去进行时 were arguing。 9. The Great Wall is one of the most _________ (wonder) places in the world. 【答案】wonderful 【解析】wonder 加后缀 -ful 变为 wonderful，表示“精彩的/奇妙的”。 10. It started to rain while we _________ (have) a picnic by the lake. We had to run back to our car. 【答案】were having 【解析】while 引导的时间段用过去进行时，表示“正在野餐时突然下雨”。 二、单项选择。 (  )1. The doctor tried his best to save the patient, but he still felt _________. A. careful   B. careless   C. helpful   D. helpless 【答案】D 【解析】helpless 由 help + -less 构成，表示“无助的”，符合医生尽力但仍感无助的语境。 (  )2. What _________ your sister _________ at this time yesterday? A. is; doing   B. was; doing   C. did; do   D. does; do 【答案】B 【解析】at this time yesterday 表示过去某一具体时刻，用过去进行时 was doing。 (  )3. It is _________ to smoke in public places. No one should do that. A. harmful   B. harmless   C. helpful   D. useless 【答案】A 【解析】harmful 由 harm + -ful 构成，表示“有害的”，在公共场所吸烟是有害行为。 (  )4. I _________ my homework when my mother came back from work. A. do   B. did   C. was doing   D. am doing 【答案】C 【解析】when 引导的短动作用一般过去时 came back，主句用过去进行时 was doing，表示“正在做作业时妈妈回来了”。 (  )5. The old man lives alone and has no family. He is _________. A. homeless   B. hopeless   C. careless   D. useless 【答案】A 【解析】homeless 由 home + -less 构成，表示“无家可归的”，符合“独自居住且没有家人”的语境。 (  )6. They _________ a movie in the cinema from 7:00 to 9:00 last night. A. watch   B. watched   C. were watching   D. are watching 【答案】C 【解析】from 7:00 to 9:00 last night 表示过去某段时间持续进行的动作，用过去进行时 were watching。 (  )7. You should be more _________ when you cross the road. It is dangerous to be in a hurry. A. careless   B. careful   C. hopeless   D. helpful 【答案】B 【解析】careful 由 care + -ful 构成，表示“小心的/仔细的”，过马路要小心。 (  )8. While we _________ in the classroom, the earthquake suddenly happened. A. study   B. studied   C. were studying   D. are studying 【答案】C 【解析】while 引导的从句表示“正在……时”，用过去进行时 were studying；主句用一般过去时 happened。 (  )9. True friendship is _________. No amount of money can buy it. A. priceless   B. useless   C. hopeless   D. endless 【答案】A 【解析】priceless 由 price + -less 构成，表示“无价的/极其珍贵的”，符合“金钱买不到”的语境。 (  )10. — Why did you fail the math exam? — Because I was _________ and made too many mistakes in the calculation. A. careful   B. careless   C. hopeful   D. helpful 【答案】B 【解析】careless 由 care + -less 构成，表示“粗心的”，因粗心导致计算错误。 三、完成句子。 1. 当他进来的时候，我正在洗澡。 I _________ _________ _________ _________ when he came in. 【答案】was taking a shower 【解析】过去进行时 was taking a shower，表示“正在洗澡时他进来了”。 2. 你应该小心保管你的贵重物品。 You should be _________ _________ your valuable things. 【答案】careful with 【解析】be careful with 表示“小心对待……”，careful 由 care + -ful 构成。 3. 昨晚这个时候，我们正在听音乐会。 We _________ _________ _________ a concert at this time last night. 【答案】were listening to 【解析】at this time last night 表示过去某一具体时刻，用过去进行时 were listening to。 4. 无家可归的孩子需要帮助和关爱。 _________ children need help and care. 【答案】Homeless 【解析】homeless 由 home + -less 构成，表示“无家可归的”，位于句首首字母大写。 5. 昨天从下午三点到五点，他们在图书馆复习功课。 They _________ _________ _________ lessons in the library from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】were reviewing their 【解析】from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday 表示过去某段时间持续进行的动作，用过去进行时 were reviewing。 6. 李梅的哥哥总是给她有用的建议。 Li Mei's brother always gives her _________ _________. 【答案】useful advice 【解析】useful 由 use + -ful 构成，表示“有用的”，advice 为不可数名词。 7. 昨天下午你在做什么？我在和朋友打篮球。 — What _________ you _________ yesterday afternoon? — I _________ _________ basketball with my friends. 【答案】were; doing; was playing 【解析】yesterday afternoon 表示过去某段时间，用过去进行时 were doing / was playing。 8. 她感到孤独时，好朋友的支持给了她希望。 When she felt lonely, the support from her good friends gave her _________. 【答案】hope 【解析】give her hope 表示“给她希望”，此处用名词 hope。 9. 我正在街上走的时候，突然看见了我小学的老师。 While I _________ _________ _________ the street, I suddenly saw my primary school teacher. 【答案】was walking along 【解析】while 引导的从句用过去进行时 was walking along，主句 saw 为一般过去时。 10. 我们应该充满希望，相信明天会更好。 We should be _________ and believe that tomorrow will be better. 【答案】hopeful 【解析】hopeful 由 hope + -ful 构成，表示“充满希望的”，在 be 后作表语。 四、句型转换。 1. They were watching TV at 8:00 last night.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ they _________ at 8:00 last night? 【答案】What were; doing 【解析】对动作提问用 what，过去进行时的一般疑问句将 were 提前。 2. She was having an art lesson from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday.（改为否定句） She _________ _________ _________ an art lesson from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】was not having 【解析】过去进行时的否定在 was 后加 not。 3. He made a lot of mistakes because he was careless.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ he _________ a lot of mistakes? 【答案】Why did; make 【解析】对原因提问用 why，一般过去时借助 did。 4. I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.（改为一般疑问句并做肯定回答） — _________ you _________ your homework when the telephone rang? — Yes, _________ _________. 【答案】Were; doing; I was 【解析】过去进行时的一般疑问句将 were 提前；肯定回答 Yes, I was。 5. The boy is very careless. He always loses his things.（合并为一句） The boy is so _________ that he always _________ his things. 【答案】careless; loses 【解析】so + adj. + that 从句，careless 表示“粗心的”；主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时 loses。 6. The teacher gives us a lot of help.（改为同义句，用 helpful） The teacher is very _________ _________ us. 【答案】helpful to 【解析】be helpful to sb. 表示“对某人有帮助”，helpful 由 help + -ful 构成。 7. I was reading a book in the library while my brother was playing basketball.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ you _________ in the library while your brother was playing basketball? 【答案】What were; doing 【解析】对动作提问用 what，过去进行时的一般疑问句将 were 提前。 8. She was nervous because she would give a speech tomorrow.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ she nervous? 【答案】Why was 【解析】对原因提问用 why，将 was 提前。 9. The old watch is of no use.（改为同义句，用 -less） The old watch is _________. 【答案】useless 【解析】of no use = useless，由 use + -less 构成，表示“无用的”。 10. What were you doing at 9:00 last night?（用 listen to music 回答） I _________ _________ _________ music at 9:00 last night. 【答案】was listening to 【解析】at 9:00 last night 表示过去某一具体时刻，用过去进行时 was listening to。 一、语法选择。 A 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 （改编自广东省中考模拟题）Last Saturday, I had a very unusual experience. At about 3:00 p.m., I (1) _________ home from school when I saw an old man sitting by the road. He looked upset and helpless. I went up to him and asked what was wrong. He told me that he was visiting his daughter in our town. While he (2) _________ at the map on his phone, a young man suddenly ran past him and bumped into him. The old man's phone fell to the ground and the screen broke. The young man didn't say sorry and just ran away quickly. The old man felt very angry but also (3) _________ because he couldn't remember his daughter's address without the phone. I felt sorry for him. I (4) _________ about how to help him when I noticed a police station nearby. I advised the old man to go there with me. While we (5) _________ to the police station, the old man told me that he was a retired teacher. He said he had always been (6) _________ to others during his working years, but now he felt useless and (7) _________ because he couldn't even protect his own phone. I told him that it was not his fault at all. The police officer was very (8) _________ too. He asked the old man some questions and made a phone call. About twenty minutes later, the old man's daughter arrived. She was very thankful to me and said that my kindness was truly (9) _________. I went home late that day, but I felt (10) _________. I learned that being helpful to others can make us feel joyful and meaningful. (  )1. A. was walking   B. walked   C. am walking (  )2. A. looked   B. looks   C. was looking (  )3. A. helpless   B. useful   C. hopeful (  )4. A. was thinking   B. thought   C. thinks (  )5. A. was walking   B. walked   C. were walking (  )6. A. helpful   B. useless   C. helpless (  )7. A. careful   B. careless   C. hopeless (  )8. A. careful   B. careless   C. helpful (  )9. A. priceless   B. useless   C. hopeless (  )10. A. wonderful   B. helpless   C. careless 【答案】 A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者上周六放学回家时遇到一位迷路的老人，老人因手机被碰坏而无法联系女儿。作者带老人去警察局求助，最终帮助老人与女儿团聚。故事传达了助人为乐能带来快乐和意义的主旨。 【解析】 1.A。when 引导的短动作（saw）打断了长动作，主句用过去进行时 was walking。 2.A。looked 表示“看起来”，为系动词，用一般过去时。 3.A。helpless 由 help + -less 构成，表示“无助的”，符合老人迷路的语境。 4.A。when 引导的短动作（noticed）打断了长动作，主句用过去进行时 was thinking。 5.C。while 引导的时间段用过去进行时，主语 we 用 were walking。 6.A。helpful 由 help + -ful 构成，表示“乐于助人的”，与后文 useless/careless 形成对比。 7.B。careless 由 care + -less 构成，表示“粗心的”，老人自责自己没能保护好手机。 8.C。helpful 由 help + -ful 构成，表示“有帮助的”，形容警察乐于助人。 9.A。priceless 由 price + -less 构成，表示“无价的”，女儿认为作者的善意无价。 10.A。wonderful 由 wonder + -ful 构成，表示“精彩的/美好的”。 B 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 （改编自北京市海淀区期末试题）Do you still remember your first day in middle school? I (1) _________ it very well. I (2) _________ a new school uniform and (3) _________ to school with my parents. When we arrived, many students and their parents (4) _________ in the school hall. I felt a little nervous because I (5) _________ nobody there. But soon a teacher came to me and said, "Welcome to our school!" Her smile was very (6) _________. It made me feel warm. Then we (7) _________ our classroom. The teacher (8) _________ us to our seats. Some students (9) _________ with each other happily. I sat quietly and looked around. At that moment, a boy next to me said hello. We started to talk and became good friends later. What a (10) _________ experience! (  ) 1. A. remember   B. remembered   C. was remembering (  )2. A. wear   B. wore   C. was wearing (  )3. A. go   B. went   C. was going (  )4. A. wait   B. waited   C. were waiting (  )5. A. know   B. knew   C. was knowing (  )6. A. help   B. helpful   C. helpless (  )7. A. enter   B. entered   C. were entering (  )8. A. lead   B. led   C. was leading (  )9. A. talk   B. talked   C. were talking (  )10. A. wonder   B. wonderful   C. wonderfully 【答案】 A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. B 【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者进入中学第一天的经历。作者穿着新校服和父母一起到学校，当时许多学生和家长正在大厅等候。作者感到紧张，但老师的微笑让她感到温暖。最后她结交了新朋友。 【解析】 1.A。remember 为状态动词，一般现在时表示“记得很清楚”，不用于进行时。 2.B。wear 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 wore。 3.B。go 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 went。 4.C。过去进行时表示当时正在等候，many students and their parents 为复数用 were waiting。 5.B。know 为状态动词，用一般过去时 knew 表示“不认识”。 6.B。helpful 由 help + -ful 构成，在 be 动词后作表语，表示“有帮助的/友善的”。 7.B。enter 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 entered。 8.B。lead 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 led。 9.C。过去进行时表示当时正在交谈，students 为复数用 were talking。 10.B。wonderful 由 wonder + -ful 构成，修饰名词 experience 表示“精彩的经历”。 二、短文填空。 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （改编自长沙市中考真题）Last Sunday, I went to the park with my family. When we arrived, we (1) _________ (see) many people there. Some children (2) _________ (fly) kites on the grass. A young man (3) _________ (play) the guitar under a big tree. Some old people (4) _________ (practice) Taiji near the lake. My sister (5) _________ (take) photos with her phone. She took many (6) _________ (wonder) pictures. My parents (7) _________ (walk) along the lake and talking happily. I was sitting on a bench and reading a book. It was a very (8) _________ (peace) afternoon. At about 5:00 p.m., we (9) _________ (leave) the park. We were tired but happy. What a (10) _________ (joy) day we had! 【答案】 1.saw 2. were flying 3. was playing 4. were practicing 5. was taking 6. wonderful 7. were walking 8. peaceful 9. left 10. joyful 【解析】 1.saw。see 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 saw。 2.were flying。过去进行时表示当时正在放风筝，children 为复数用 were flying。 3.was playing。过去进行时表示当时正在弹吉他，a young man 为单数用 was playing。 4.were practicing。过去进行时表示当时正在练习，people 为复数用 were practicing。 5.was taking。过去进行时表示当时正在拍照，my sister 为单数用 was taking。 6.wonderful。wonder 加 -ful 变为 wonderful，修饰名词 pictures 表示“精彩的”。 7.were walking。过去进行时表示当时正在散步，parents 为复数用 were walking。 8.peaceful。peace 加 -ful 变为 peaceful，修饰名词 afternoon 表示“宁静的”。 9.left。leave 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 left。 10.joyful。joy 加 -ful 变为 joyful，修饰名词 day 表示“快乐的”。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （改编自南京市鼓楼区期末）My name is Li Mei. I want to share my growing-up story with you. During my 8th grade, I (1) _________ (go) through many changes. I was gaining weight quickly. This made me feel bad about (2) _________ (I). I often argued with my parents for nothing. Sometimes I felt lonely and (3) _________ (happy). Luckily, my elder sister Zhenzhen (4) _________ (notice) how I was feeling. At that time, she (5) _________ (study) in a university, but she always tried to help me. She gave me some (6) _________ (use) advice. She said, "Don't compare (7) _________ (you) with others. Everyone shines in their own way. You are (8) _________ (hope). Just believe in yourself." With her support, I started to talk about my feelings. Little by little, I became more confident. Now I (9) _________ (no) worry about my weight anymore. I feel happy every day. Her advice is very (10) _________ (help) to me. 【答案】 1.went 2. myself 3. unhappy 4. noticed 5. was studying 6. useful 7. yourself 8. hopeful 9. no longer / don't 10. helpful 【解析】 1.went。go through 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 went。 2.myself。feel bad about oneself，主语 I，用反身代词 myself。 3.unhappy。happy 加否定前缀 un- 变为 unhappy，表示“不开心的”。 4.noticed。notice 为短暂性动作，用一般过去时 noticed。 5.was studying。过去进行时表示当时正在大学学习，she 为单数用 was studying。 6.useful。use 加 -ful 变为 useful，修饰 advice 表示“有用的建议”。 7.yourself。compare oneself with others，主语 you，用反身代词 yourself。 8.hopeful。hope 加 -ful 变为 hopeful，在 be 动词后作表语，表示“有希望的”。 9.no longer / don't。no longer 表示“不再”，也可用 don't...anymore。 10.helpful。help 加 -ful 变为 helpful，在 be 动词后作表语，表示“有帮助的”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Changing and Growing 核心语法精练 （后缀 -less / -ful 构词法 & 过去进行时） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 1. 后缀 -less / -ful 构词法结构对比表 1 2. 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）结构对比表 2 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（共10小题，原创/改编自重庆一中期末） 2 二、单项选择。（共10小题，改编自成都外国语学校期中试题） 3 三、完成句子。（共10小题，每空一词，改编自福建中考模拟） 5 四、句型转换。（共10小题，改编自陕西中考真题） 6 三、综合提升 7 一、语法选择 8 二、短文填空 10 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）结构对比表 结构形式 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 主要用法 was/were + doing I was helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. I wasn't helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m. yesterday. Was she helping Xiao Ya at 7:00 p.m.? ①表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 They were playing basketball at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. They weren't playing basketball at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. Were they playing basketball at 9:00 a.m.? ②表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作 常用时间状语： 时间状语 示例 at + 具体时刻 + yesterday / last night at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, at 9:00 last night from + 时间 + to + 时间 + 过去时间 from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday at this time + 过去时间 at this time yesterday, at that time when / while 引导的时间状语从句 When I called him, he was sleeping. 用法辨析： 时态 含义 例句 过去进行时（was/were doing） 过去正在做某事 （强调过程/持续性） I was doing my homework at 8 p.m. yesterday. 一般过去时（did） 过去做了某事 （强调动作完成） I did my homework yesterday evening. 特别提示：  过去进行时由 was/were + 现在分词 构成。  was 用于主语为 I / he / she / it 及单数名词；were 用于主语为 you / we / they 及复数名词。  与 when 连用：从句用一般过去时（短暂动作），主句用过去进行时（延续动作）。  与 while 连用：从句和主句均可用过去进行时（两个延续动作同时发生）。 形容词后缀 -ful / -less 构词法（思维导图） 规律小结：  -ful：加在名词后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”，如 careful（充满小心的→小心的）。  -less：加在名词后构成形容词，表示“没有……的”，如 careless（没有小心的→粗心的）。  同一个名词加上不同后缀，词义完全相反，形成反义词对。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Li Hong was very __________ (care) in the exam. She made many mistakes because she didn't check her answers. 2. The teacher is very _________ (help). She always gives us useful advice when we have problems. 3. What _________ you _________ (do) at 9:00 last night? I called you but no one answered. 4. This old watch is _________ (use) now. It stopped working yesterday and I need to buy a new one. 5. While I _________ (walk) in the park yesterday afternoon, I came across an old friend from primary school. 6. We were all _________ (hope) when we heard the good news that our team won the match. 7. She felt _________ (help) because nobody would listen to her problems. 8. My parents _________ (argue) with each other when I got home last night. I felt very upset. 9. The Great Wall is one of the most _________ (wonder) places in the world. 10. It started to rain while we _________ (have) a picnic by the lake. We had to run back to our car. 二、单项选择。 (  )1. The doctor tried his best to save the patient, but he still felt _________. A. careful   B. careless   C. helpful   D. helpless (  )2. What _________ your sister _________ at this time yesterday? A. is; doing   B. was; doing   C. did; do   D. does; do (  )3. It is _________ to smoke in public places. No one should do that. A. harmful   B. harmless   C. helpful   D. useless (  )4. I _________ my homework when my mother came back from work. A. do   B. did   C. was doing   D. am doing (  )5. The old man lives alone and has no family. He is _________. A. homeless   B. hopeless   C. careless   D. useless (  )6. They _________ a movie in the cinema from 7:00 to 9:00 last night. A. watch   B. watched   C. were watching   D. are watching (  )7. You should be more _________ when you cross the road. It is dangerous to be in a hurry. A. careless   B. careful   C. hopeless   D. helpful (  )8. While we _________ in the classroom, the earthquake suddenly happened. A. study   B. studied   C. were studying   D. are studying (  )9. True friendship is _________. No amount of money can buy it. A. priceless   B. useless   C. hopeless   D. endless (  )10. — Why did you fail the math exam? — Because I was _________ and made too many mistakes in the calculation. A. careful   B. careless   C. hopeful   D. helpful 三、完成句子。 1. 当他进来的时候，我正在洗澡。 I _________ _________ _________ _________ when he came in. 2. 你应该小心保管你的贵重物品。 You should be _________ _________ your valuable things. 3. 昨晚这个时候，我们正在听音乐会。 We _________ _________ _________ a concert at this time last night. 4. 无家可归的孩子需要帮助和关爱。 _________ children need help and care. 5. 昨天从下午三点到五点，他们在图书馆复习功课。 They _________ _________ _________ lessons in the library from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday. 6. 李梅的哥哥总是给她有用的建议。 Li Mei's brother always gives her _________ _________. 7. 昨天下午你在做什么？我在和朋友打篮球。 — What _________ you _________ yesterday afternoon? — I _________ _________ basketball with my friends. 8. 她感到孤独时，好朋友的支持给了她希望。 When she felt lonely, the support from her good friends gave her _________. 9. 我正在街上走的时候，突然看见了我小学的老师。 While I _________ _________ _________ the street, I suddenly saw my primary school teacher. 10. 我们应该充满希望，相信明天会更好。 We should be _________ and believe that tomorrow will be better. 四、句型转换。 1. They were watching TV at 8:00 last night.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ they _________ at 8:00 last night? 2. She was having an art lesson from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday.（改为否定句） She _________ _________ _________ an art lesson from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday. 3. He made a lot of mistakes because he was careless.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ he _________ a lot of mistakes? 4. I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.（改为一般疑问句并做肯定回答） — _________ you _________ your homework when the telephone rang? — Yes, _________ _________. 5. The boy is very careless. He always loses his things.（合并为一句） The boy is so _________ that he always _________ his things. 6. The teacher gives us a lot of help.（改为同义句，用 helpful） The teacher is very _________ _________ us. 7. I was reading a book in the library while my brother was playing basketball.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ you _________ in the library while your brother was playing basketball? 8. She was nervous because she would give a speech tomorrow.（对画线部分提问） _________ _________ she nervous? 9. The old watch is of no use.（改为同义句，用 -less） The old watch is _________. 10. What were you doing at 9:00 last night?（用 listen to music 回答） I _________ _________ _________ music at 9:00 last night. 一、语法选择。 A 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 （改编自广东省中考模拟题）Last Saturday, I had a very unusual experience. At about 3:00 p.m., I (1) _________ home from school when I saw an old man sitting by the road. He looked upset and helpless. I went up to him and asked what was wrong. He told me that he was visiting his daughter in our town. While he (2) _________ at the map on his phone, a young man suddenly ran past him and bumped into him. The old man's phone fell to the ground and the screen broke. The young man didn't say sorry and just ran away quickly. The old man felt very angry but also (3) _________ because he couldn't remember his daughter's address without the phone. I felt sorry for him. I (4) _________ about how to help him when I noticed a police station nearby. I advised the old man to go there with me. While we (5) _________ to the police station, the old man told me that he was a retired teacher. He said he had always been (6) _________ to others during his working years, but now he felt useless and (7) _________ because he couldn't even protect his own phone. I told him that it was not his fault at all. The police officer was very (8) _________ too. He asked the old man some questions and made a phone call. About twenty minutes later, the old man's daughter arrived. She was very thankful to me and said that my kindness was truly (9) _________. I went home late that day, but I felt (10) _________. I learned that being helpful to others can make us feel joyful and meaningful. (  )1. A. was walking   B. walked   C. am walking (  )2. A. looked   B. looks   C. was looking (  )3. A. helpless   B. useful   C. hopeful (  )4. A. was thinking   B. thought   C. thinks (  )5. A. was walking   B. walked   C. were walking (  )6. A. helpful   B. useless   C. helpless (  )7. A. careful   B. careless   C. hopeless (  )8. A. careful   B. careless   C. helpful (  )9. A. priceless   B. useless   C. hopeless (  )10. A. wonderful   B. helpless   C. careless B 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 （改编自北京市海淀区期末试题）Do you still remember your first day in middle school? I (1) _________ it very well. I (2) _________ a new school uniform and (3) _________ to school with my parents. When we arrived, many students and their parents (4) _________ in the school hall. I felt a little nervous because I (5) _________ nobody there. But soon a teacher came to me and said, "Welcome to our school!" Her smile was very (6) _________. It made me feel warm. Then we (7) _________ our classroom. The teacher (8) _________ us to our seats. Some students (9) _________ with each other happily. I sat quietly and looked around. At that moment, a boy next to me said hello. We started to talk and became good friends later. What a (10) _________ experience! (  ) 1. A. remember   B. remembered   C. was remembering (  )2. A. wear   B. wore   C. was wearing (  )3. A. go   B. went   C. was going (  )4. A. wait   B. waited   C. were waiting (  )5. A. know   B. knew   C. was knowing (  )6. A. help   B. helpful   C. helpless (  )7. A. enter   B. entered   C. were entering (  )8. A. lead   B. led   C. was leading (  )9. A. talk   B. talked   C. were talking (  )10. A. wonder   B. wonderful   C. wonderfully 二、短文填空。 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （改编自长沙市中考真题）Last Sunday, I went to the park with my family. When we arrived, we (1) _________ (see) many people there. Some children (2) _________ (fly) kites on the grass. A young man (3) _________ (play) the guitar under a big tree. Some old people (4) _________ (practice) Taiji near the lake. My sister (5) _________ (take) photos with her phone. She took many (6) _________ (wonder) pictures. My parents (7) _________ (walk) along the lake and talking happily. I was sitting on a bench and reading a book. It was a very (8) _________ (peace) afternoon. At about 5:00 p.m., we (9) _________ (leave) the park. We were tired but happy. What a (10) _________ (joy) day we had! B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （改编自南京市鼓楼区期末）My name is Li Mei. I want to share my growing-up story with you. During my 8th grade, I (1) _________ (go) through many changes. I was gaining weight quickly. This made me feel bad about (2) _________ (I). I often argued with my parents for nothing. Sometimes I felt lonely and (3) _________ (happy). Luckily, my elder sister Zhenzhen (4) _________ (notice) how I was feeling. At that time, she (5) _________ (study) in a university, but she always tried to help me. She gave me some (6) _________ (use) advice. She said, "Don't compare (7) _________ (you) with others. Everyone shines in their own way. You are (8) _________ (hope). Just believe in yourself." With her support, I started to talk about my feelings. Little by little, I became more confident. Now I (9) _________ (no) worry about my weight anymore. I feel happy every day. Her advice is very (10) _________ (help) to me. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $