Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新五年级英语暑假自学课（北师大版三起·新教材）

北师大版五年级上册 Unit 2 Staying healthy 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 What’s the matter? 及健康问题表达 【语法点拨】 What’s the matter? 是询问对方身体状况的常用句型，意为“怎么了？” 回答方式： I’m ill. 我生病了。 I have a cold. 我感冒了。 My head hurts. 我的头疼。 注意：hurt 表示“疼痛”时，第三人称单数形式为 hurts，如：His head hurts. 他的头疼。 【易错提示】 ① What’s = What is，’s 不能漏，且不能漏 the： What matter? ✗ → What’s the matter? ✓ ② “感冒”是 have a cold，不能漏 a： I have cold. ✗ → I have a cold. ✓ ③ 不能用 am cold 表达“感冒”，am cold 意思是“觉得冷”： I am cold. ✗（这是“我觉得冷”，不是“我感冒了”） → I have a cold. ✓ ④ 第三人称单数作主语时，hurt 要加 s： His head hurt. ✗ → His head hurts. ✓ 知识演练01 一、根据中文提示完成句子 1. —________（怎么了）？—I’m ill. 2. —What’s the matter? —I ________（感冒了）. 3. —What’s the matter? —My head ________（疼）. 4. —What’s the matter with Max? —He ________（生病了）. 二、单项选择 5. —________? —I have a cold. A. What’s matter B. What’s the matter C. What the matter 6. His leg ________. A. hurt B. hurts C. hurting 语法易错02 should / shouldn’t 的用法 【语法点拨】 should 意为“应该”，表示建议；shouldn’t = should not，意为“不应该”。 结构：should / shouldn’t + 动词原形，没有人称变化。 例句： You should eat a lot of vegetables. 你应该吃很多蔬菜。 You should drink enough water. 你应该喝足够的水。 You shouldn’t drink too much cola. 你不应该喝太多可乐。 You shouldn’t go to bed too late. 你不应该睡得太晚。 【易错提示】 ① should 后面接动词原形，不能加 to： You should to eat vegetables. ✗ → You should eat vegetables. ✓ ② should 没有人称变化，第三人称不加 s： She shoulds eat fruit. ✗ → She should eat fruit. ✓ ③ shouldn’t 后面也用动词原形： You shouldn’t drinking cola. ✗ → You shouldn’t drink cola. ✓ 知识演练02 一、用 should 或 shouldn’t 填空 1. You ________ eat a lot of vegetables every day. 2. You ________ drink too much cola. 3. You ________ go to bed early. 4. You ________ eat too much meat. 5. We ________ do exercise every day. 二、单项选择 6. You should ________ enough water. A. drink B. drinking C. to drink 7. She ________ go to bed late. A. should B. shouldn’t C. shouldn’ts 语法易错03 a lot of / some / enough 量词用法 【语法点拨】 本单元用不同量词描述食物的合理摄入量： a lot of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，表示“很多”：a lot of vegetables some + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，表示“一些”：some fruit，some rice enough + 不可数名词，表示“足够的”：enough water 教材原文：You should eat a lot of vegetables every day. You should eat some fruit. You should drink enough water every day. 【易错提示】 ① a lot of 后面可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词： a lot of vegetable ✗ → a lot of vegetables ✓（vegetable 是可数名词，要加 s） ② enough 后面的不可数名词不加 s： enough waters ✗ → enough water ✓（water 是不可数名词） ③ some 用于肯定句中表示“一些”，不表示“太多”： You should eat some fruit. ✓（表示适量吃一些水果） 知识演练03 一、选词填空（a lot of / some / enough） 1. You should eat ________ vegetables every day. 2. You should eat ________ fruit. 3. You should drink ________ water every day. 4. You should eat ________ rice, noodles and bread every day. 二、单项选择 5. You should eat ________ vegetables every day. A. a lot of B. too much C. too many 6. We should drink ________ milk. A. too much B. enough C. too many 语法易错04 too much 与 too many 的区别 【语法点拨】 too much + 不可数名词，表示“太多……”（修饰不可数名词）： too much meat 太多肉；too much cola 太多可乐 too many + 可数名词复数，表示“太多……”（修饰可数名词）： too many candies 太多糖果 教材原文：You shouldn’t drink too much cola.（cola 是不可数名词） You should eat fish, meat and eggs, but not too much.（not too much 指整体不要太多） 【易错提示】 ① 不可数名词用 too much，不能用 too many： too many meat ✗ → too much meat ✓（meat 是不可数名词） ② 可数名词复数用 too many，不能用 too much： too much candies ✗ → too many candies ✓（candies 是可数名词复数） ③ 常见不可数名词：meat, rice, milk, water, cola, fruit（fruit 作“水果”总称时不可数） 知识演练04 一、用 too much 或 too many 填空 1. You shouldn’t eat ________ meat. 2. You shouldn’t eat ________ candies. 3. Don’t drink ________ cola. 4. You shouldn’t eat ________ chocolates. 二、单项选择 5. You shouldn’t eat too ________ ice cream. A. many B. much C. lot 6. You shouldn’t eat too ________ candies. A. much B. many C. lot 综合提升 （本模块覆盖全部易错点，共计50分） 一、情景交际（8×1′=8分） 1. 你的同学看起来不舒服，你想问他怎么了，可以说： A. What’s the matter? B. How are you? C. What do you like? 2. 别人问你 What’s the matter?，你感冒了，应回答： A. I am cold. B. I have a cold. C. I have cold. 3. 你想告诉同学不应该喝太多可乐，可以说： A. You should drink cola. B. You shouldn’t drink too much cola. C. You don’t drink cola. 4. 你想建议朋友应该每天吃很多蔬菜，可以说： A. You should eat some vegetables. B. You shouldn’t eat vegetables. C. You should eat a lot of vegetables. 5. 你想告诉老师你不舒服，可以说： A. I’m ill. B. I’m good. C. I’m fine. 6. 别人问你 What’s the matter?，你的头很疼，应回答： A. My head is hurt. B. My head hurts. C. My head hurt. 7. 你想建议朋友应该喝足够的水，可以说： A. You should drink enough water. B. You should drink too much water. C. You shouldn’t drink water. 8. 你想告诉弟弟不应该吃太多糖果，可以说： A. You shouldn’t eat too much candies. B. You shouldn’t eat too many candies. C. You shouldn’t eat some candies. 二、单项选择（10×1′=10分） 1. —What’s the matter? —I ________. A. have cold B. am cold C. have a cold 2. You ________ eat too much meat. A. should B. shouldn’t C. aren’t 3. We should eat ________ vegetables every day. A. a lot of B. too much C. too many 4. You should drink ________ water every day. A. too much B. too many C. enough 5. You shouldn’t eat ________ meat. A. too many B. too much C. a lot of 6. —________? —I’m ill. A. What’s matter B. What’s the matter C. What the matter 7. She ________ eat more fruit. A. should B. shoulds C. should to 8. You shouldn’t eat too ________ candies. A. much B. many C. some 9. You should ________ enough water every day. A. drink B. drinking C. to drink 10. You should eat ________ rice, noodles and bread every day. A. some B. too many C. a lot 三、用 should 或 shouldn’t 及括号内动词的适当形式完成句子（5×2′=10分） 1. Max is ill. He ________ (see) a doctor. 2. You ________ (eat) too many candies. 3. We ________ (drink) enough water every day. 4. Max goes to bed at 11:00. He ________ (go) to bed earlier. 5. You ________ (eat) a lot of vegetables every day. 四、完形填空（6×2′=12分） 阅读短文，选择正确答案。 Max doesn’t feel well today. His head 1 . “What’s the 2 , Max?” asks Miss Li. “I think I’m ill,” says Max. Miss Li says, “You 3 go to bed earlier. You shouldn’t go to bed too 4 .” Max’s mum says, “You 5 eat a lot of vegetables and drink enough water. You shouldn’t eat too 6 meat.” ( )1. A. hurt B. hurts C. hurting ( )2. A. matter B. wrong C. question ( )3. A. shouldn’t B. should C. can ( )4. A. early B. late C. later ( )5. A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. should ( )6. A. much B. many C. lot 五、阅读理解：判断正（T）误（F）（5×2′=10分） 阅读短文，判断正误。 Max doesn’t feel well today. His head hurts and he has a cold. He goes to see the doctor. The doctor says, “You should drink enough water and eat a lot of vegetables. You shouldn’t eat too much meat. You should go to bed early and do exercise every day. You shouldn’t drink too much cola.” Max says, “I understand. I should be healthy!” Now Max eats a lot of vegetables and fruit every day. He drinks milk and enough water. He doesn’t eat too much meat. He goes to bed early and gets up early. He is a healthy boy now! ( ) 1. Max’s head hurts today. ( ) 2. Max should eat too much meat. ( ) 3. The doctor says Max should go to bed early. ( ) 4. Max shouldn’t drink enough water. ( ) 5. Max is a healthy boy now. 参考答案 【知识演练01】 一、1. What’s the matter 2. have a cold 3. hurts 4. is ill 二、5. B 6. B 【知识演练02】 一、1. should 2. shouldn’t 3. should 4. shouldn’t 5. should 二、6. A 7. B 【知识演练03】 一、1. a lot of 2. some 3. enough 4. some 二、5. A 6. B 【知识演练04】 一、1. too much 2. too many 3. too much 4. too many 二、5. B 6. B 综合提升 一、情景交际 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 二、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A 三、填空 1. should see 2. shouldn’t eat 3. should drink 4. should go 5. should eat 四、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 五、阅读理解 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $